Hosting a hunting- based outdoor skills event in your communitydnr.wi.gov/education/outdoorskills/documents/lth/station... · 2005. 4. 23. · Hosting an Outdoor Skills Clinic in

Learning

Hosting a hunting-based outdoor skillsevent in yourcommunity

Mary Kay Salwey, Ph.D.WisconsinDepartment of Natural Resources2004

to Hunt

Learning to Hunt

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Credits

Project DirectorMary Kay Salwey, Ph.D.Wisconsin DNRBureau of Wildlife ManagementBox 7921Madison, WI 53707-7921

Editorial AssistanceNancy WilliamsCarrie L. Armus

ArtworkEric DeBoerMary Kay SalweyDynamic GraphicsCindie Brunner

PhotosRobert QueenMary Kay SalweyMike Roach

Design ConceptBlue Raven Graphics

Electronic LayoutMary Kay Salwey, Wisconsin DNR

Published by Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.

Copyright 2004 by Wisconsin Department of Natural ResourcesMadison, Wisconsin.

All original illustrations copyrighted.

This book is educational in nature and not-for-profit. It is intended toinspire organizations to pass the tradition of hunting down to youngergenerations. However, all rights are reserved, including the right toreproduce this book or any part thereof in any form except briefquotations for reviews, without the written permission of the publisher.

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With Stick and StringWith Stick &

Bowhunting basics

String Participantslearn the basicparts of bows

and arrows.They try their

hand at shootinga recurve or

compound bowand learn sometechniques forhunting deer.

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Equipment

Bows– recurve, longbow,compound, in variousweights

Arrows of various typesArm guards, finger tabs or

finger gloves, quiversHunting arrowheads – blunt,

target, broadhead, fixed andreplaceable

Sharpening tools – small millfile, razor strop, stiff stripof leather, flat piece ofwood, rubber bands

Examples of camouflageclothing – leaf and barkpatterns

Camouflage materials for bowsand arrows – camouflagegun sock, dull primer,crayons

Game recovery aids—engineer’s tape, strips oftoilet paper or facial tissue

Portable tree stands withsafety harnesses

8 or more 3-D white-taileddeer targets

Backstop net, if availableBall of string or twine and

several wooden stakes orlaths

Large table (picnic table)International Bowhunter

Education Manual(contact: NationalBowhunter EducationFoundation, Route 6, Box199 Murray, KY 42071)

Objectives

Participants shall:

describe the differencebetween a recurve bow,longbow and compound bow.

demonstrate the safe andaccurate use of a recurve orcompound bow.

recite five of the bowhuntingsafety rules for target practice.

demonstrate how to maintainbroadhead arrow tips.

describe the importance ofshot placement and shootingskills.

describe how to track a deerthat’s been hit with an arrow.

explain the steps in preparingarchery equipment for fieldhunting.


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Station Setup

Set up a large table with bows,arrows, arrowheads andsharpening tools for display anddemonstration. Erect tree standssafely.

Set up an archery shooting range.Be sure the sun is not in thebowhunter’s eyes (face rangenorth, if possible). Use a string ortwine to mark off a shooting line.Place the string two to threeinches above the ground, tied tostakes. Set up five or moreshooting stations with deer targetsset out at 10 yards from theshooting line. Set up one shootingstation with the target at 20yards, another station with thetarget at 30 yards and a finalstation with the target set at 40yards. Use a ratio of one targetfor every four participants. Clearthe area between the bowhuntersand the targets. Check to ensurethat the area 30 yards beyond thetargets and to the side of thetargets is clear so that no one canwander into the area withoutbeing seen. Block off any entriesinto the shooting zone. A backstopnet is useful because it stopsarrows that miss the target andreduces arrow breakage. A dirtbank makes a good backstop but itmust be high enough that arrowsdon’t fly over the bank.

BackgroundInformation

Bow hunting is becomingincreasingly popular in the UnitedStates, with over 2 million avidbow hunters currently pursuingtheir sport. Most states havespecial bow hunting seasons. Ofall the hunting sports, bowhunting is the one that mostrequires special shooting skills andstrengths, as well as the ability toget really close to game.

Instructors should brush up onsome basic information byreviewing the InternationalBowhunter Education Manual.Also, review the basic terms belowrelated to archery andbowhunting.

Bow DesignsThree basic types of bows are usedin hunting—the compound,recurve and long bow. Dependingon the type, a typical bow will havea pair of limbs, a handle section,strings or cables and may include asite and arrow rest. While themakes, models and materials mayvary, all bows work on theprincipal of storing energy in thelimbs and transferring that energyto an arrow when the string orcable is released. A compoundbow is the most advanced design.It has a system of pulleys that helpminimize finger strain and musclefatigue when a bowhunter fullydraws the bow back. A compound

Long Bow

Recurve Bow

Compound Bow

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shoot comfortably. The heavierthe draw weight, the heavier thearrow that can be shot. This inturn provides better penetration ofthe animal being hunted. Also, afaster arrow means less chance theanimal can jump or dodge thearrow. For deer hunting, theminimum recommended drawweight for a compound bow is 50-55 pounds.

Draw LengthThe draw length of a bow is thedistance a bowhunter has to drawhis or her arrow back beforeshooting. This length is measuredfrom the bottom of the stringgroove in the nock of the arrow tothe front or far side of the bow,when the bow is pulled back at fulldraw. This length depends uponthe length of the bowhunter’sarms, the anchor point where thebowhunter rests the nock of thearrow when at full draw, and thehunter’s own style of shooting.

Arrow ShaftsArrow shafts are made fromvarious materials: wood,aluminum and fiberglass beingvery common types. Woodshafts, of course, are the mosttraditional. They are not as heavyand they cost less than othermaterials. Their light weightgives them a flat trajectory.Aluminum arrows are lighter thanfiberglass also giving them a flattrajectory. They are completelywaterproof. Their wide range ofweights and stiffness provides

bow shoots faster than a recurveor long bow, which keeps thearrow traveling in a flattertrajectory.

Draw WeightThe draw weight of a recurve bowis the number of pounds of force ittakes to draw the bow string backto full draw, or 28 inches. Foreach inch of draw above or below28 inches, add or subtract twopounds of bow weight todetermine the approximate weightof the bowhunter’s personal draw.For compound bows, draw weightis the same as peak weight – theamount of weight the bowhunterpulls through before the bow “letsoff” in weight at full draw.Hunters should use a bow with asmuch draw weight as they can

The draw length depends onthe length of the

bowhunter’s arms, andanchor point at full draw and

the hunter’s own style ofshooting.


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bowhunters with great versatility.Fiberglass arrows have theadvantage that they do not warp inwet weather and very seldombreak or shatter unless they hit arock. They are heavier thanaluminum or wood, resulting in anarching trajectory. Their addedweight, however, makes thempenetrate an animal better.

FletchingThe fletching of an arrow refers tothe feathers or plastic vanes on theback end of the arrow shaft. Thestandard arrow comes with threefeathers or vanes about five incheslong. These vanes serve tostabilize the arrow as it fliesthrough the air. The smaller thefletching, the faster it flies, thoughit becomes less stabilized. Flu-flufletching has longer feathers(about one inch high) that slow thearrow down quite fast. These areused for squirrel or bird hunting.They don’t get lost as easily andare safer because they don’t fly asfar as standard arrows.Advantages of feather fletchinginclude that they are moreforgiving of release errors, havegreater stabilizing influence, andare adaptable to all types of bows.Disadvantages of feathers aregreater drag, reduced arrowspeed, more noise in flight, andsusceptibility to weather. Syntheticvanes offer more speed, are moresensitive to release, are quieter inflight and require an arrow rest.

Arrows, arrowheads and fletchingcome in all different shapes, sizesand styles.

ArrowheadsArrows are tipped with heads…thepart that enters the target oranimal. Field points are simple,rugged steel points used for targetpractice or shooting squirrels orsmall gamebirds. Broadheads arerazor sharp tips with two to sixcutting edges used to hunt biggame, small game and turkeys.Most bowhunters prefer threeblades to ensure quick, humanekills. Blunt tips are flat-nosedarrowheads made of steel orrubber. They are used to “stump-shoot” and hunt squirrels, rabbitsand smaller gamebirds. Bluntswork well for field practicebecause they either bounce off orshallowly penetrate wood, andnever get wedged into woodtightly like field points andbroadheads sometimes do.

Arrowheads are either glued ontothe arrow shaft with hotmeltferrule cement or screwed in witha special point adaptersystem that letsthe bowhunterconvenientlyexchangearrowheads inseconds.

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quite close before releasing thebow. Camouflage clothing helpsbowhunters hide from gamebecause the cloth coloring helpsthem blend in with theirsurroundings. Leaf and barkcamouflage patterns are goodchoices for hunting in woods,depending on whether there areleaves on the trees. Surprisingly,contrasting colored plaids like ablack-and-red plaid shirt blend inwell too. A bare, shiny face is quitenoticeable against a dark outdoorbackground. Hunters should use acamouflage head net orcamouflage face paint to preventthis contrast.

Whatever the color pattern, thefield clothing must be soft andquiet to avoid alerting animals tothe bowhunter’s presence. Wooland soft cotton are extremely quietfabrics. Boots should be soft-soledfor silence and dull-colored forcamouflage. Bowhunters shouldmatch their clothes to the weather.Waterproof rain gear or woolengarments work well in rainyweather. When the weather is coolin the morning but warms by mid-day, layered clothing is best.Clothing must not interfere withthe bow while shooting. A baggysleeve will catch a bowstring andruin shooting accuracy. Hatsshould not interfere when the bowis pulled back to full draw.

Some quivers attachto your belt, likethis model.

Choose your clothing well. Make sure it ismade from soft, quiet fabric and that thecamo pattern matches your surroundings.

QuiversQuivers are the containers thathold arrows. Quivers designed tohold broadheads come with aprotective cover to prevent thebowhunter from getting seriouslycut on the sharp blades. Quiverscome in a variety of styles: backquivers, hip quivers and bowquivers. Most bowhunters preferbow quivers that clip directly to abow. This provides easy, quick andnoiseless access to the arrows.They are easy to carry throughbrushy areas and have excellentmaneuverability.

ClothingBowhunters need to hide from thegame they hunt, because theymust wait until the animals are


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Preparing Your Equipment for the FieldBows that are noisy or flashy colored will attract adeer’s attention. Camouflage paint or a camouflagesock can be used to dull down the bow and quiver.Dull lacquer or primer will prevent arrow shafts fromreflecting light. Light-colored bowstrings can bedarkened with green or brown crayons. Movablemetal parts should be lubricated with WD-40 or otherlubricating oil.

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Bowhunting Safety Rulesfor the Target Range

1. Shoot only at your target.2. Never draw or shoot your bow when anyone is

between you and your target.3. Always be sure the area behind your target is clear,

or has an adequate backstop.4. When you are done shooting your arrows, put your

bow down on the ground and wait for others onthe range to finish shooting their arrows. Wheneveryone’s bow is on the ground, all archers mayproceed out onto the range to retrieve theirarrows.

5. Never shoot up into the air or in any directionwhere you might destroy property or endangerlife.

6. Never draw and release your bowstring without anarrow in it. This is called dry firing, and candamage your bow or ruin it completely, andmight hurt you, too.

7. Be sure your bow and arrows are properly matchedto each other. Mismatched arrows can damageyour bows and will result in erratic andinconsistent performance.

8. Your bow’s draw weight and draw length should bematched to your physical abilities.

9. Be sure your arrows are of the correct length andstiffness for your bow.

10. Be sure to account for all your arrows when targetpracticing or hunting. Razor sharp arrows aredangerous if encountered unexpectedly.

11. Always cover sharp edges of hunting arrows with aprotective hood to safeguard both yourequipment and you.


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Procedure

Display and discuss the varioustypes of bowhunting equipment:recurve bows, compound bows,longbows, arrows, types ofarrowheads, quivers, arm guards,finger tabs, finger gloves, andcamouflaged clothing. Point outthe various parts of each piece ofequipment. Discuss some of thepros and cons of each type ofequipment or piece of apparel.

Using the accompanyingillustrations as a guide, point outthe various parts of each piece ofequipment. Or you can enlargethese illustrations on a copymachine and hand the copies outfor discussion.

Hand out bows and quivers ofarrows. Have participants put thequivers in a safe spot.Demonstrate how to draw backand let down a bow without usingan arrow (see steps below).Explain what dry firing is andwarn your participants to becareful not to dry fire. Next, allowparticipants to draw back thebowstring and then carefully letdown the string on several typesof bows. Continue to remindthem not to dry fire their bows.This will damage the bow! Askthem to discuss the advantages

ActivityA

Bow and Arrow Basics

and disadvantages associated witheach type of bow. This will helpshow that selecting a bow is apersonal choice with manydifferent factors to be considered.Stress that the over-riding factorinvolves the ethical requirementthat the equipment has to beadequate to bring about a quick,clean kill of the animal beinghunted.

Discuss how the compound bowhas a system of pulleys that helpminimize finger strain and musclefatigue when a bowhunter drawsthe bow back. A compound bowshoots faster than a recurve, whichkeeps the arrow traveling in aflatter trajectory. If the poundagerating of the compound bows istoo high, younger participants maynot be able to pull the string back.You will then have to demonstratehow to use the bow.

Discuss the different types ofarrow shafts, their advantages anddisadvantages.

Display some standardfletching patterns,including three and fourvane styles in straight,offset and helicalpatterns as well as one

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or more flu-flu designs. Discussthe different types of fletching andthe reasons for using the varioustypes, including personalpreference. Compare the offsetand helical fletching patterns torifling in a rifle barrel and thestabilizing effect of spinning theprojectile in flight. Discuss theadvantages and disadvantages offeathers versus synthetic vanes.Compare the fletching surfaces ontarget and hunting arrows. Askthe participants to speculate aboutthe differences in fletching. Besure to discuss the mass of thehunting head and slight variationsin shooting form or style.

Pass around examples of varioustypes of hunting and practicearrowheads. Be sure to includeboth small game and big gamearrowheads. Warn participantsthat broadhead points are razorsharp. They must handle themwith extreme caution. Point outthe use of steel or rubber bluntheads in both target practice andsmall game hunting. Comment onthe convenience of screw-in pointsand stress the importance oflubricating the threads to preventthem from corroding. Stress theimportance of setting up the bowfor broadhead performance, thenselecting other points to match thebehavior of the hunting shafts.

Next, have participants brainstormthe functions of bowhuntingquivers. Stress protection of thebroadhead and the shooter,minimizing noise and convenience.Display a variety of quivers,commenting on advantages anddisadvantages of each.

Show game recovery aids, likeengineer’s tape, toilet paper orfacial tissue. Discuss their use andremoval.

Display and discuss several types ofcamouflage patterns useful in yourarea. Consider doing a camouflagegame with the group. Stress thesignificance of covering the faceand hands. Comment on the valueof the shadow created by the hatbrim in hiding the eyes and face.

Use a fully equipped bow hunter todemonstrate the need for adequatecargo space and storage space forbow hunting gear.


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Place a medium-sized rubberband between the thumb andindex finger of your left hand,stretching it slightly. Hold theshaft of the arrow loosely inyour right hand. Exerting nopressure from your arrowhand, slide the broadhead edgeacross the rubber band. If theedge slices all the way throughthe rubber band, it is sharpenough to hunt with.Carefully attempt to shave afew hairs from your arm witheach edge. If an edge shaves,it’s ready to use on game. Thisis one of the oldest and mostwidely used sharpness tests.

Demonstrate proper broadheadsharpening technique on a simpletwo or three blade design andallow participants to practice insmall groups. Emphasize the needfor and importance of a razor edgewithout notches, teeth or otherjagged edges and discuss themerits of fixed and replaceableblades. Demonstrate the steps insharpening a broadhead:

ActivityB

Test sharpness of broadhead bycarefully sliding the edge over yourthumbnail.

Another test for the sharpness of abroadhead blade is to lightly drag itacross a taught rubber band.

❏

❏

BroadheadMaintenanceProcedure

Point out that broadhead arrowtips must be razor sharp. Thiscannot be stressed enough. Abroadhead must sharply, cleanlyand quickly slice tough hide,muscle and blood vessels topromote hemorrhage for quick,humane kills. Many broadheaddesigns need to be sharpenedbefore the hunt. There are anumber of methods for testing thesharpness of hand-sharpened andpre-sharpened broadheads.Illustrate the action of dull andsharp broadheads using thefollowing methods:

Drag each edge carefully acrossyour thumbnail. If all edges“bite” or “grab” your nail,instead of sliding smoothlyover it, the broadhead is sharpenough.

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Attach a broadhead to eacharrow shaft.

Using the arrow shaft as ahandle, file a 15-degree taperon each side of each broadheadblade with a small mill file.Use the ferrule of thebroadhead or a clamp-onsharpening guide to achievethis correct taper angle.Bring each blade to a fairlysharp edge with the file, thenrun the file backwards alongeach edge taper to remove any

large steel burrs.

Using a knife-sharpening stone,carefully hone bothsides of each edge,retaining the originaledge taper. The stoneshould be placed on asolid surface like atabletop, and thebroadhead edgerepeatedly strokedaway from you withfirm, even pressure.

Strop the blades to remove anysmall honing burrs on theedges. Do this by brisklystroking each edge taperseveral times backwards alonga razor strop, stiff strip ofleather, or flat piece of wood.Don’t push the blades forwardinto the stropping surface.This will cut the stroppingmaterial and may dull thebroadhead.

Tell your participants thatsharpening broadheads takes timeand skill. An expert sharpener willspend at least 15 minutes on afour-blade broadhead before thehead is keen enough to hunt with.

File broadhead at a15-degree taper.

Hone broadhead on a knife-sharpening Arkansas stone.

Remove burrs by strokingblade on a leather strop.

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❏

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ActivityC

with bow sights. Shootinginstinctively comes with practice.The appropriate elevation to putthe arrow in the target is sensedsubconsciously rather thandetermined through consciouseffort. Plenty of practice givesthe right “feel” for accurateaiming. An alternative to shootinginstinctively is to use bow sights.These are movable sight pinsplaced at different locations on thebow to correspond to differentshooting distances. The first, andhighest, pin might be set forshooting at 20 yards, the secondone for 30, the third for 40and so on.

To shoot at odddistances,bowhuntersmust aimhigh onone pinand low onanother, or put thetarget image betweentwo pins. Of course,using sight pins meansbowhunters must know

BowhuntingPracticeProcedure

Place groups of four participantsat the shooting line behind eachassigned target. Have them sitdown behind the shooting line.

Review the safety rules listed inthe background section.

Demonstrate the use of armguardsand finger gloves or finger tabs.Demonstrate proper grip of thebow. Explain that the arm guardprotects your forearm from the

sting of a bowstring and alsokeeps your shirt or jacket sleeveaway from the bowstring toensure accuracy and prevent noisystring slap. Finger tabs and glovesprotect fingers from blistering aswell as ensure a smooth, accuratestring release.

Explain that bowhunters mayshoot either by basic instinct or

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how to estimate range, or they willneed to purchase and use acommercial range finder.

Now, demonstrate the followingsteps of shooting, with allparticipants in the safety areabehind the line.

Stance: Stand with your feetabout 90 degrees to thetarget. Your toes should touchan imaginary line drawnbetween you and the target.Spread your feet comfortably,about a shoulder width apart.Shift your weight evenlybetween the balls of your feet.Stand with your knees relaxedand not locked. Relax andkeep very still as you prepareto shoot.

Nocking: Turn the bow toone side. Lay the arrow on thearrow rest. Place the string inthe arrow’s nock groove underthe nocking point on thestring. The index feather (theone colored differently thanthe other feathers) should bepointing away (up) from thebow. Grasp the string in thefirst joint of the fingers, withindex finger above the arrowand the second and third fingerbelow the arrow. Your fingersshould be curled well aroundthe string but the back of yourhand should be flat from thefirst knuckle to the wrist.

A proper stance isrelaxed, with feetabout 90 degreesto the target.

Nock the arrow,with the coloredindex featherpointing up.

Extend: Fully extend yourbow arm at shoulder leveltoward the target. Allow thebowstring to roll slightly inyour string fingers to keep thearrow on the arrow rest. Yourelbow joint should be turnedoutward away from the pathof the bowstring. Yourshoulders should be level.Center the pressure on thebow at the “Y” formed by thethumb and index finger of thebow hand.

Draw: With your left (bow)shoulder pushing and the right(arrow/string) shoulderpulling, move your right elbowstraight back until the stringtouches your anchor point.Your bow should be keptvertical and your bow armstraight. Your string armshould have its elbow raisedand held out about 90 degreesfrom the vertical axis of yourbody.


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Anchor: Anchoring meansplacing your bowstring handfirmly against your face soyour head is in the same placein relation to the bow andarrow on every shot. There aretwo ways of anchoring thebowstring. In the first methodyou bring the bowstring to thecenter of the nose and chinwith your index fingertouching under the center ofyour chin. Most bowhunters,

For best target accuracy,anchor the arrow, eachtime, firmly to the sameplace on your check, chinor lips.

however, opt to bring theindex finger of the string handback into the corner of yourmouth.

Hold,Tighten andAim: Holdthe bowfirmly butdon’tsqueeze ittoo hard. Ifyou graspthe bow tooloosely, itmay fly outof your handwhen youshoot. If you grip it too tightlyyou’ll probably “throw” yourbow arm to the side when you

release the string, resultingin a wild shot. Now shift

your concentration to the bowsight and your target. Youshould feel the musclesbetween your shoulder bladestighten. Both arms should beparallel to the ground.Superimpose the sight overthe center of the target.

Keep both eyes open.

Release: Keeping yourback muscles tightened,relax your draw handcompletely until the stringescapes from the hand.Tension in your back

muscles pulls the draw handstraight back along the neck.The arrow is launched. A

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smooth, relaxed release is onekey to good shooting.

Follow Through: With thearrow now in flight, hold yourstance in precisely the sameposition as it was before therelease until the arrow hits thetarget. Keep your eye on thetarget. The bow will recoil tothe side, but not until thearrow is out of the bow and onits way.

At this stage, have one participantfrom each team step up to thestations at the shooting line whereeach target has been placed at 10yards. Ask your participants tomimic each step of shooting asoutlined above, without using anyequipment. Now have them pickup their bow and arrow and once

again mimic the steps of shooting,without release of the arrow.Have one member of each teamnock an arrow at the shooting line.Talk them slowly through the stepsof shooting. Emphasize that ifthey omit any step, problems willresult. Emphasize the danger ofan arrow prematurely leaving therest. Ask their partners to checkto make sure the string will clearthe shooter’s elbow. Tell thoseparticipants who have a hard timekeeping an arrow on the arrowrest to let down the draw andstart the draw over again. Makesure they all have a good anchor.When they are ready, they mayrelease their arrow toward thetarget.

Talk the bowhunters through fourmore arrows. After all arrowshave been shot, ask the shooters

When aiming at yourtarget, hold yourself asstill and steady aspossible.


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to put their bows down, step backfrom the line. Discuss the properway to go to the target. Givethem the signal to retrieve (twowhistles or the word “retrieve”).Have everyone gather at onetarget. Demonstrate the properway to retrieve arrows from thetarget.

Allow time for participants topractice using recurve orcompound bows to shoot at white-tailed deer targets. Keepreinforcing the target range safetyrules.

After participants have had anopportunity to shoot at the deertargets at 10 yards, they canproceed to test their skills atstations 6, 7 and 8. Here they canaim at the deer targets placed at20, 30 and 40 yards, respectively.They will discover that it is muchmore difficult to shoot a deer atthese distances.

Also, for more practice, haveparticipants climb the tree standsand shoot the targets whilestrapped into the tree stand.

Retrieving Wounded DeerAfter participants have had anopportunity to shoot at deertargets, explain the proceduresinvolved in real world huntingwhen a wounded deer must betrailed and retrieved.

Tell your participants that a bowand arrow is a humane method ofhunting that has been used forthousands of years to take game.A sharp broadhead kills quickly,but doesn’t usually knock ananimal down on the spot. If youscore a hit and your animal racesout of sight, it’s wise to wait a fewminutes before following the trail.Many hunters – both gun huntersand bow hunters – automaticallywait 30 minutes before followingan animal thatdoesn’t drop in itstracks. After thisshort wait,carefully track youranimal down,following thesehelpful trailingtips:

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Mark blood spots withengineering tape, toilet paperor facial tissue so the spots areeasy to find if you lose thetrail. Be a responsible hunterand pick these up after you’vefound and tagged your deer.

Always move slowly and stayto one side of the trail;otherwise you’ll miss signs andpossibly destroy them as youhurry along. Sometimesanimals bleed internally, sofollowing tracks even if there’sno sign of a hit can lead you toyour animal.

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❏ Be persistent. Never leave thescene of a possible hit untilyou are certain that the gameis unharmed or has survived anon-fatal hit.


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With Stick and StringInternational Bowhunter Education Manual, National BowhunterEducation Foundation, Route 6, Box 199 Murray, KY 42071.(training manual).

ABC’s of Bowhunting: The Ultimate Hunting Challenge, ChuckAdams, American Archery Council, Park Rapids, MN 56470(booklet).

The ABC’s of Archery, Archery Manufacturers & MerchantsOrganization (booklet).

Bowhunting Equipment & Skills, M.R. James, G. Fred Asbell, DaveHolt, Dwight Schuh, Creative Publishing, International, Minnetonka,MN, 1997.

References

Documents

Hosting a hunting- based outdoor skills event in your communitydnr.wi.gov/education/outdoorskills/documents/lth/station... · 2005. 4. 23. · Hosting an Outdoor Skills Clinic in