Honors BiologyMay 1, 2014Module 16MammalsPart 3

May 8, 2014is our last day of Class

Registration for Next YearMarine Biology

Anatomy and Physiology

Grades

Grades will be passed out next week.

If anyone needs an end of the year evaluation for the School Board or their private school have your parent contact me.

Quiz # 29Identify the following: Which are members of two orders: Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes (Flightless Birds):

HummingbirdOstrichesPenguinQuail

Which are members of Order Falconiforms (birds of prey):

OspreyTurkeyGolden EagleRed Shoulder Hawk

Which are members of Order Phoenicopteriformes:

FlamingosGeeseStorksHummingbirds

4. Which are a member of Order Apodiforms:

HummingbirdsSong BirdsEgretsPigeons

5. Which are members of Order Galliforms (game birds):

TurkeyQuailPheasantDucks

6. Which are members of Order Anseriformes (water, swimming, diving and wading):

DucksEgretsSanderlingsPelicans

7. Which are members of Order Passeriformes (song birds):

Blue birdMockingbirdCardinalAlbatross

MatchingOrder Passeriformes A. Water BirdOrder Anseriformes B. Birds of preyOrder Galliformes C. Song BirdsOrder Apodiformes D. HummingbirdsOrder Phoenicopteriformes E. Flightless BirdOrder Struthioniformes and SphenisciformesOrder Falconiformes F. Flamingos G. Game Birds

Identify the following: Which are members of two orders: Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes (Flightless Birds):

HummingbirdOstrichesPenguinQuail

Which are members of Order Falconiforms (birds of prey):

OspreyTurkeyGolden EagleRed Shoulder Hawk

Which are members of Order Phoenicopteriformes:

FlamingosGeeseStorksHummingbirds

Which are a member of Order Apodiforms:

HummingbirdsSong BirdsEgretsPigeons

Which are members of Order Galliforms (game birds):

TurkeyQuailPheasantDucks

Which are members of Order Anseriformes (water, swimming, diving and wading):

DucksEgretsSanderlingsPelicans

Which are members of Order Passeriformes (song birds):

Blue birdMockingbirdCardinalAlbatross

Order Passeriformes C. Song Birds

Order Anseriformes A. Water Bird

Order Galliformes G. Game BirdsOrder Apodiformes D. HummingbirdsOrder Phoenicopteriformes F. Flamingos Order Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes E. Flightless Bird

7. Order Falconiformes B. Birds of prey

Class MammaliaAs we finish up our Biology course we are going to discuss the class that contains people.This is one of the smaller classes in subphylum Vertebrata.

Many people confuse the term animal with mammal.

The term animal includes creatures:Sponges, hydras, fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds.

The following separate mammals from the other vertebratesHair covering the skinReproduce with internal fertilization and usually viviparous.Nourish their young with milk secreted from specialized glands.Four chambered heartEndothermic

(Notice that the last two characteristics are the same as those of birds. The first 3 characteristics set mammals apart from any other creatures in phylum Chordata.)

HairIn most mammals hair is really obvious. However, in some it is much harder to see.

Elephants: It is there in Ragged tufts that make a Patchwork across the skin.

Whales have whiskers on theirSnouts, chin or behind their Blowholes.

HairLike scales on reptiles and feathers on birds, is made of nonliving cells.

These cells are produced by hair follicles, which are tiny structures in the skin.

Most mammals haveUnderhair that is found under the Guard hair. It is soft, insulating layer of fur next to the animalsSkin.Guard Hair Usually givesMost mammalsTheir colors andDistinctiveMarkings.

Functions of Hair

InsulationCamouflageDefense mechanismAids the senses: Cat whiskers, visionHair bristles when angry or frightened

Mammal ReproductionPlacental mammals: internal fertilization. Placenta is a structure that allows an embryo to be nourished with the mothers blood supply through the umbilical cord bringing oxygen and nutrients to the developing embryo.

The gestation period is the time during which an embryo develops before being born. The gestational period for mammals varies greatly. Mice have a gestation period of about 3 weeks, horses about 1 year. The longer the gestational period, the more developed the offspring is.

Once the offspring is bornAll mammals care for their young. The female produces milk (lactating) through mammary glands.

Most mammals have some sort of family structure in which the parents teach the young survival skills before the young leave the protection of the parents.

There are exceptions to the viviparous rule.2. Nonplacental mammals. There are two orders of mammals that we will discuss shortly.

Just like birds, mammals areEndothermic: They regulate their own internal body temperature and keep it constant.

Four-chambered heart, whereby oxygen-poor blood never mixes with oxygen-rich blood in the blood vessels.

Major Order of MammalsTable 16.213 Orders of Mammals

Order MonotremataEgg-laying mammals

Order Marsupialia

Order ChiropteraFlying Mammals

Order Carnivora

Orders Sirenia and CetaceaAquatic Mammals

Order Proboscidea

Orders Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla

Order Rodentia

Order Lagomorpha

Order Edentata (Xenarthra)

Order Tubulidentata

Order Insectivora

Order Primates

Experiment Characteristics of mammals

ID at least 3 mammals to include their orders. Draw.

Observe the microscope: Bat and MoleID their Orders and draw

HomeworkFinish Module 16Take Module 16 TestQuiz: The 13 Orders of Mammals: The five characteristics of mammals; Difference between a rabbit and a hare