Hong Kong Today - ls.hkep.comls.hkep.com/nssls/teacher/sources/bg_02_E.pdf · Hong Kong Today 27 a. The national identity of Hong Kong people Given Hong Kong’s unique colonial history,

Hong Kong Today

Theme 1: Quality of life

Theme 2: Rule of law and socio-political participation

Theme 3: Identity

1. RevisionofJuniorSecondaryLiberalStudiesKnowledge...........26

1.1 RelatedTerms............................................................................................................. 26

1.2ConceptCheckpoint................................................................................................... 27

1.3Let’sReview................................................................................................................ 29

2.KeyPointsofSeniorSecondaryLiberalStudies..........................32

2.1 IssueofExploration: HowdidtheSichuanEarthquakeshowtheHongKongpeople’ssenseofbelongingtoChina?................................. 33

Step1: Selectionofenquiryareasand/ortheme............................................ 33

Step2:Collectionofdata.................................................................................... 33

Step3:Organizationofdatacollected.............................................................. 35

Step4:Analysisofdatacollected...................................................................... 35

EnquiringFocus1:WhatistherelationshipbetweentheSichuanEarthquakeandHongKongpeople’sidentity?.................................... 36

EnquiringFocus2:HowdoestheSichuanEarthquakereflectthefactorsformingpeople’sidentity?................................................... 37

Step5:Evaluationofdifferentviewpoints,drawingaconclusion.................. 39

Step6:Presentationofresultsandproductionoftheproduct....................... 39

2.2ExtendedExploration:WhataretheelementsformingHongKongpeople’sidentities?........................................................................... 39

25Hong Kong Today

Theme 3: Identity

Hong Kong Today

26 Bridging Materials

1. RevisionofJuniorSecondaryLiberalStudiesKnowledgeSenior Secondary Liberal Studies is closely related to our lives. Apart from the information you have

obtained outside school, you have also acquired knowledge relevant to the theme ‘identity’. This theme may include topics as the importance of identity, Chinese and Hong Kong citizenship in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Hong Kong history and its relationship with the development of Chinese history, and the historical events that affect the identity of Hong Kong people.

This section aims to help you revise the knowledge you have acquired on identity during junior secondary school. The following are definitions and concepts related to the theme to assist you in revising what you have learned:

Identity

The position in which one is placed. In other words, the role of a person in specific groups or different stages in life. There are different types of groups, including one’s family, school, work unit, society, country and the world. Certain identities remain unchanged, such as ‘son’, ‘daughter’ or ‘female’. Certain identities change with time and changes in the environment, such as ‘student’ or ‘member of the Brownie’.

Identification

A sense of recognition as a member of a certain group; a sense of belonging and responsibility to that group entailing concern for what happens in that group.

Nationality

One of the important references for determining a person’s national identity. It refers to one’s country of citizenship and related civic rights and responsibilities to that country.

Ancestral home

In general, it refers to the birthplace or hometown of a person. Nowadays, we usually adopt our fathers’ ancestral homes. Ancestral home can be considered the place of origin of one’s family, which helps us find our roots.

Local consciousness

A consciousness that makes people aware of their belonging to a local community and that they share certain characteristics, beliefs and thoughts that make them different from the ‘outsiders’.

Patriotism

There are different definitions of this concept and not just one absolute standard of measurement. On one view, patriotism refers to citizens’ strong recognition of their country.

1.1 RelatedTerms1.1 RelatedTerms

國民身份認同　第二版國民身份認同　第二版


27Hong Kong Today

a. The national identity of Hong Kong people

Given Hong Kong’s unique colonial history, Hong Kong people have previously been confused about their national identity. When Hong Kong was under British rule, the government did not deal with the concept of national identity. As a result, many Hong Kong people were confused about their identity and nationality, and uncertain if they were Chinese or British.

After the the PRC government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997, the HKSAR government actively promoted national education to enhance people’s understanding of their country. Moreover, as China’s national strength has been rising in recent years, more Hong Kong people feel a sense of national belonging and they have more of an understanding and recognition of their national identity.

b. Events related to the Hong Kong people’s identity:

1.2 ConceptCheckpoint1.2 ConceptCheckpoint


國民身份認同　第二版

1850

1900

1950

2000

1842The Qing government ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain

1898The New Territories was leased to Britain

1980–90China was to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. China and Britain discussed the related issues

2008China he ld the Olympic Games

1860The Qing government c e d e d K o w l o o n Peninsula to Britain

1949The People’s Republic of China was established

1997C h i n a re s u m e d t h e exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong


C. The multiple identities of Hong Kong people – what is a Hong Kong resident, a Chinese citizen and a global citizen?

As Hong Kong society develops, the identity of Hong Kong people is becoming more complicated. Apart from their identity as Hong Kong residents, they are also Chinese citizens and are increasingly recognizing their Chinese identity after China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. In addition, under the rapid development of technology and transportation, people from all over the world are connected more closely, whether in economic, political, cultural or social ways. As a cosmopolitan city, Hong Kong is interacting with the rest of the world at different levels. Therefore, Hong Kong people are also global citizens.


‘HongKongToday’,Theme

3:‘Identity’‘HongKongToday’,Theme

3:‘Identity’

Formoreinformationabout

Chinese nationality and

the Hong Kong people's

i d e n t i t y , r e f e r t o t h e

websiteoftheImmigration

Department:

http://www.immd.gov.hk

Non-permanent

resident

Permanent resident

A pe rson who, be fo re the establishment of the HKSAR, had the right of abode in Hong Kong only

A Chinese citizen born in Hong Kong

A Chinese c i t izen who has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 7 years

A person born outside Hong Kong to a parent who is a Hong Kong resident

A person not of Chinese nationality who has entered HK with a valid travel document, has ordinarily resided in HK for a continuous period of not less than 7 years and has taken HK as his place of permanent residence

*Global citizen

Chinese citizen

Any person born in China or abroad whose parents are both Chinese nationals or one of whose parents is a Chinese national (but whose parents have not settled abroad when the person was born)

A person whose l i fe, work and leisure life is not restricted by national boundaries and sovereignty

* The concept of global citizenwillbeexploredmoredeeplyinTheme3: Identityofmodule2:HongKongToday.

Hong Kong resident

Chinese national

Non-Chinese national

Hong Kong

People

29Hong Kong Today

a. The Chinese national flag and national emblem

Identify the symbolism in the Chinese national flag and emblem:

The national flag

The red colour:

The yellow colour of the stars:

The larger star:

The smaller stars:

The national emblem

Stalks of grain and the cogwheel:

The 5 stars:

Tiananmen:

b. How much do you know about your mother country?

The following is a map of China. Write the alphabet letters representing

information about China in the correct representing different places.

1.3 Let’sReview1.3 Let’sReview

Formoreinformationabout

theChinesenational flag

andnationalemblem,refer

to thewebsiteof thePRC

government:http://www.

gov.cn/test/2005-05/24/

c o n t e n t _ 1 8 2 4 7 . h t m

a n d h t t p : / / w w w. g o v.

c n / t e s t / 2 0 0 5 - 0 5 / 2 4 /

content_345.htm

A. The birthplace of Chinese civilization

B. The city where the 2008 Olympic Games were held

C. An earthquake measured at 8 Ms took place here in May 2008

D. China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over this place in 1999

E. China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over this place in 1997

F. Its sovereignty led to conflicts between China and Japan

F o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n

about the geography,

races and the SARs of

China,refertothewebsite

o f t h e C o m m i t t e e o f

the Promot ion of C iv ic

Education, and browse

the ‘Understanding the

motherlandintheLearning

Trail’:http://www.cpce.gov.hk/

A B

F

D

E

C

Theunityof theChinesepeopleunder

The unity of the

ThebirthofnewChina

The4classesof

TheCommunistPartyofChina

The dawn of a new

Revolution

eraovertheland

Chinesepeople

peasantpopulationandtheworkingclass

theleadershipoftheChineseCommunistParty


c. The transformation of the identity of Hong Kong people

The following timeline and photos reflect the changes in the national identity of Hong Kong people. Write the correct answers in the blanks contained in the boxes.

There was an influx of people from the mainland into Hong Kong. These people saw Hong Kong as a

and did not have a great sense of belonging to Hong Kong.

The new genera t ion o f Hong Kong people who were born and raised in Hong Kong cultivated a

to Hong Kong because of their shared living experience.

After China resumed the exercise

of sovereignty over Hong Kong, the

national identity of Hong Kong people

gradually .

Identify 2 reasons for this:

1.

2.

China was to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. The understanding of Hong Kong people wi th respect to China has been deepening, but many of the people still recognize their

identity better.

1960

1945

1990

2000

In the1950s,manypeople fromGuangdongenteredquicklyintoHongKongbysea.

HongKongpeoplecelebratingChina’sresumptionoftheexerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKong

ThenationalstrengthofChinahasbeen

increasing,makingHongKongpeople

prouder

The HKSAR governmen t ac t ive ly

promotednationaleducationafterChina

resumedtheexerciseofsovereigntyover

HongKong

increased

strongsenseofbelonging

temporaryresidence

HongKong

31Hong Kong Today

d. What kind of Hong Kong resident am I?

Study the following dialogue between the 4 people and answer the questions.

1. What kinds of Hong Kong resident are the each of the 4 of them? Put a ‘✓’ in the appropriate boxes.

PersonPermanent resident Non-permanent

residentChinese national Non-Chinese national

Fanny

Chris

Henry

Carmen

2. Both Fanny and Carmen were born in the UK. Are they the same kind of Hong Kong resident? Explain.

I was born in Shanghai and both of my parents are Chinese nationals. We all moved to Hong Kong 4 years ago.

My parents were born and raised in Hong Kong. They are both Chinese nationals. I decided to go to the US 2 years from now to continue my education.

Fanny

HenryChris

Carmen

Both of my parents are Hong Kong citizens and live in Hong Kong permanently. My parents took me back to Hong Kong right after my birth in the UK and we settled in Hong Kong.

I was born in the UK and have lived there since then. My dad is British and my mum is Chinese. I moved to Hong Kong 8 years ago and began to live here because my parents work here.

No,becauseCarmen’sparentsweresettledintheUKwhenshewasborn,sosheisaHongKongpermanentresident

butnotaChinesenational.Fanny'sparentsareChinesenationals,andherparentsweresettledinHongKongwhenshe

wasbornabroad.ShealsocamebacktoHongKongimmediatelyaftershewasborn.Therefore,sheisaHongKong

permanentresidentwithChinesenationality.

✓

✓

✓

✓


1. KeyPointsofSeniorSecondaryLiberalStudiesTheme 3 ‘Identity’ of module 2 ‘Hong Kong Today’ in the Senior Secondary Liberal Studies Curriculum aims to explore how the identities of Hong Kong residents have developed. The following mind map shows the 4 angles to help you explore the theme:

Theme3: ‘Identity’, Hong

KongToday

Identity

Cultural reflection and innovation

Diversity and multiple voices in society

Increasing thresholds of freedom and adaptability

Feelings and responses towards local and national symbols, national historical events, culture and landscape

Participation in and contribution to local, national and global affairs

Feelings and responses to major local, national and global events

Responses to internationl competitions

Responses and reflections, as shown in polls and surveys on the issue of identity

Feelings and responses towards symbols of social groups and major events related to them

Participation in and contribution to social groups

Mulitlicity of identities of Hong Kong residents

Hong Kong people’s multiple identities

Interrelationships among Hong Kong residents’ different identities

Historical development

Developments in political, economic, social and cultural life

Agents of socialization

Traditional culture

Popular culture

The input of the

government and NGOs

Education

Characteristics of Hong Kong residences’ identity

Factors affecting the sense of belonging and identity

Significance of multiple identities

The showing of identity and the sense of belonging

The theme ‘Identity’ is extensive. The following section will use the topic ‘feelings and responses to major local, national and global events’ and set out an issue of exploration by way of an example to help students explore the theme step by step.

33Hong Kong Today

Step 1 : Selection of enquiry areas and/or theme

Many events that took place in 2008 affected the identity of Hong Kong people. One of them was the Sichuan Earthquake that occurred in May. This section will use ‘How did the Sichuan Earthquake show the Hong Kong people’s sense of belonging fo China’ as an issue of exploration, and will guide you to explore how reactions to the earthquake reflected the Hong Kong people’s sense of belonging to the mainland and their recognition of their Chinese identity, as well as how the earthquake showed the factors that affect people's identity.

Step 2 : Collection of data

When we explore an issue, we need to collect relevant data. The following are data related to the Sichuan Earthquake. Study them carefully in order to learn about the development, impact and topics of concern of the disaster.

WhereisSichuan?

2.1IssueofExploration:HowdidtheSichuanEarthquakeshowtheHongKongpeople’ssenseofbelongingtoChina?

2.1IssueofExploration:HowdidtheSichuanEarthquakeshowtheHongKongpeople’ssenseofbelongingtoChina?

Thesteps forexploringan

issueareasfollows:

1.Selectionofenquiryareas

and/ortheme

2.Collectionofdata

3.Organ iza t ion o f da ta

collected

4.Analysisofdatacollected

5.Evaluation of di f ferent

viewpoints, drawing a

conclusion

6.Presentation of results

and production of the

product


F o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n

aboutearthquake,refer to

thewebsiteofGatewayto

Geography:http://ihouse.

hkedcity.net/~hm1203/

hazard/quake.htm

Why do earthquakes happen in Sichuan?Most earthquakes occur on the unstable areas of the earth’s crust

( 地殼 ) – especially at the junctions between plates. Earthquakes are active in these regions.

The stratum ( 地層 ) on which China is situated is divided into 6 plates, including the Qinghai-Tibetan Plate, South China Plate and North China Plate. Wenchuan County, Sichuan is located on an earthquake fault zone and thus is located in an active earthquake zone.

The spot where the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake happened is located on a large seismic zone ( 地震帶 ) in China, that is, the South-North Seismic Zone that covers areas from Ningxia to east Gansu, and from west Sichuan to Yunnan. It is also located on the Sichuan’s Longmenshan fracture zone, and therefore there is a higher chance of earthquakes there.

Apart from the above data, you can also collect more data related to the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake and other earthquakes from the Internet and the library. The following are some reference books and websites:

Reference books:

• 東方仁著：《四川大地震》，香港：中華書局（香港）有限公司， 2008 年。• MySinaBlog 著：《不要忘記．好好活著 : 512 四川地震災區親歷記錄》，香港：Why 出版， 2008 年。

Sichuan Earthquake resulted in over 300 thousand people killed or injuredAn earthquake measured at 8Ms occurred in Wenchuan county,

Sichuan in China on 12 May 2008. Approximately 80,000 people were killed, over 300,000 people were injured and many thousands of houses collapsed. This earthquake marked the first time that the Chinese government let the media report on a disaster at anytime. It also aroused widespread concern from the international community and donations came from both within and outside of China. Apart from the rescue team mobilized by the military, the largest during time of peace, humanitarian rescue teams and numerous volunteers from China and other countries also helped in the relief work. Other people participated by giving donations, which amounted to RMB 0.4 billion.

A1 Cross-strait Daily News 31 May 2008

AnoldmanwhosurvivedintheSichuanEarthquakelooksathisruinedhome(21June2008)

(Source:Adaptedfromvariousmainlandnewspapers.)

(Source:Adaptedfromvariousmainlandnewspapers)

35Hong Kong Today

Step 3 : Organization of data collected

After collecting data, students can begin to classity the data and organize them systematically.

After organizing the data, students can write down the key words or concepts related to this issue by drawing a mind map so as to carry out a thorough analysis in the next step. For example:

Whenanalyzingdata,you

can refer to thecontents

of ‘Related Terms’ and

‘ConceptCheckpoint’.

Step 4 : Analysis of data collected

Afterwards, students can carry out an analysis using the mind map above and the data collected in order to learn about the facts, explain a certain phenomenon or dissect a certain question. We can set out certain enquiring focuses for an in-depth analysis and identify the messages contained in different data. Students can explore from the following 2 enquiring focuses to develop data analysis skills.

Reference websites:

• Hong Kong Observatory: http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/equake/equake_sichuan_c.htm


Enquiring focus 1: What is the relationship between the Sichuan earthquake and Hong Kong people’s identity?

The 2008 Sichuan Earthquake clearly reflected the recognition of Hong Kong people of their Chinese identity. The following data and issue of exploration will give students an understanding of the relationship between the earthquake and the identity of Hong Kong people. Study the following data and answer the questions:

Source 1

After the Sichuan Earthquake took place, many Hong Kong people actively participated in relief work. A public opinion survey conducted by the Chinese University of Hong Kong revealed that more than 90% of the interviewees were concerned about the earthquake and felt a bond with the people in the mainland. More than 80% of the interviewees had made donations. As of last week, donations from Hong Kong people amounted to HK$2 billion. Apart from allocating HK$0.35 billion for the relief work approved by the Legislative Council, the Hong Kong government also sent professional rescue teams and medical teams to the earthquake areas. The Chief Executive, Donald Tsang Yam-kuen, led a special committee with members including the Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs, Stephen Lam Sui-lung, and Secretary for Development, Mrs. Carrie Lam Cheng Yuet-ngor, to visit Sichuan. Various social groups and volunteers also took part in the reconstruction of Sichuan as well as the consoling of victims there. Hong Kong celebrities initiated different activities, such as selling photo collections in memory of the victims of the earthquake and raising funds in collaboration with celebrities from the mainland and Taiwan. About 10,000 people attended these activities.

Hong Kong people actively participate in Sichuan Earthquake Relief

(Source:Adaptedfromvariousmainlandnewspapers)

A5 Local Daily News 6 July 2008

Source 2

AsurveyontheidentityofHongKongpeople

IamconcernedaboutthenewsoftheSichuanEarthquake 99.2%

IhavemadedonationsfortheSichuanEarthquake 84.6%

IamsatisfiedwiththeperformanceofthecentralgovernmentintheSichuanEarthquake 85.1%

Itrustthecentralgovernment 72.3%

Ifeelabondwithpeopleinthemainland 89.6%

IthinkIamaChinesepersonmorethanaHongKongperson 55.9%

%in

October2007

%in

April2008

%in

May2008

HongKongperson 51.57 51.5 28.1

Chineseperson 35.9 37.4 55.9

Bothoftheabove 11.1 9.8 13.2

Noneoftheabove 0.4 0.1 0.5

Idon’tknow/it'shardtosay 0.9 1.2 2.3

Total (808) (820) (1,110)

Note:TheaboveinformationisadaptedfromtheCentreforSocialandPoliticalDevelopmentStudiesofHongKongInstituteofAsia-PacificStudies,ChineseUniversityofHongKong,22May2008.Downloadedfromhttp://www.cuhk.edu.hk/cpr/pressrelease/080522.htm.

37Hong Kong Today

(a) According to Source 1, how did Hong Kong people participate in the relief work of the Sichuan

Earthquake? (3 marks) Knowledge & Understanding

(b) According to Source 2, what changes did the identity of Hong Kong people undergo?

(4 marks) Analysis & Exploring Change & Continuity

(c) According to Sources 1 & 2 and your knowledge, what is the relationship between the Sichuan

Earthquake and the identity of Hong Kong people? (5 marks) Analysis

Enquiring focus 2: How did the Sichuan Earthquake reflect the factors forming people’s identity?

Different people have expressed different opinions about the Sichuan Earthquake. The following data will give students an understanding of the level of sense of belonging of certain people and the factors that affect their identity. Study the following information adapted from online forums and diaries and answer the questions.

TheSichuanEarthquake tookplace inMay2008.According toSource2,moreHongKongpeople identified

themselvesasChinesepeopleaftertheSichuanEarthquake.ThepercentageofpeoplewhofeltthattheywereChinese

rosesignificantlyfrom35.9%inOctober2007to55.9%inMay2008.Ontheotherhand,thepercentageofthosewho

felttheywereHongKongpeopledroppedalmost25%inthesameperiod,from51.7%to28.1%.

TheSichuanEarthquakehadagreatinfluenceontheidentityofHongKongpeople.HongKongpeopleexpressedtheir

recognitionoftheirChineseidentityaftertheearthquake.Notonlydidtheygivemoneyandlabourtohelpthevictims

ofthedisasters,asurveyontheidentityofHongKongpeoplereflectedthatmorepeoplefeltthattheywereChinese

people.Therefore,theearthquakearousedtheconcernandrecognitionofHongKongpeopletowardsChinaandtheir

comrades.

AccordingtoSource1,HongKongpeopleactivelytookpartinthereliefwork.ApartfromdonatingmorethanHK$2

billion,somesocialgroupsandvolunteerspaidvisitstoconsolevictimsoftheearthquakeinSichuanandhelpedinthe

reconstructionoftheprovince.OtherHongKongpeopleparticipatedinfundraisingactivitiesheldinHongKong.In

relationtothegovernment,theChiefExecutiveallocatedHK$0.35billionreliefandreconstructionworkandformeda

committeeconsistingofgovernmentofficialswhovisitedSichuananddiscussedhowHongKongcouldhelpwiththe

reconstructionwork.


Feelings about the Sichuan Earthquake:I feelverysadabout theevent.Howcouldanythingsomiserable

happentomyrace,mycountry?Ican’thelpmytearswhenIseethepoorstateofmycomrades.

Humanlivesaresodelicate.IwishIcouldgotoSichuanrightnowandsave thepeople...but Iamstillyoungandcannotdosuchagreatthing.SoIhavedecidedtotrymybesttohelpthemandgivemoneyandlabouratallcosts.

WAKOO message boardThe May 12 Sichuan Earthquake has become a heated topic of the city.People from all over the world have donated a lot of money to help the people in Sichuan.But how come no one donates money to help the pandas?I don’t have much money...how can I make a donation?...I don’t have many feelings for Sichuan. What do events that happen there have to do with me?I don't feel sadness or sympathy when I watch the news.Why should I make myself unhappy?

(a) How does Source 1 reflect the writer's identity? (3 marks) Knowledge & Understanding

(b) According to Source 2, why did the writer feel nonchalant towards the Sichuan Earthquake?

(3 marks) Knowledge & Understanding

(c) According to Sources 1 and 2, identify 2 factors that affect our identity. (6 marks) Analysis

Source 1Source 1

Source 2Source 2

AccordingtoSource1,aperson’snationalityandskincolouraffectidentity.Thewriterfeltsadbecausehebelongedtothe

sameraceandsamecountryasthevictimsoftheSichuanEarthquake.Source2showsthatpersonalpsychologyaffectsidentity,

becausealthoughthewriterisalsoChinese,hedidnotsympathizewiththevictimsoftheearthquakeandthoughtthatthe

disasterhadnothingtodowithhim.

ThewriterinSource1showedhisrecognitionofhisChineseidentity.Hefeltsadandcriedbecausehisraceandcountry

weretormentedbyadisaster.Itreflectshisconcern,senseofbelongingandsenseofresponsibilitytowardsChina.

ThiswriterfeltnonchalantbecausehedidnothaveanyfeelingsforSichuan.Hethoughtthatwhathappenedtherehad

nothingtodowithhimandthatheshouldnotmakehimselfunhappybecauseoftheearthquake.

39Hong Kong Today

Step 5 : Evaluation of different viewpoints, drawing a conclusion

From the data analysis above, we can see the impact of the Sichuan Earthquake on Hong Kong people’s identity, as well as the factors affecting our identity. Afterwards, we can evaluate the different viewpoints and come to a conclusion based on our judgment. For example:

Conclusion• Hong Kong people’s responses to the Sichuan Earthquake: a lot of

people felt sad, but some thought that the issue was not related to them.

• Factors affecting Hong Kong people’s sense of belonging to China: examples are nationality, skin colour, personal psychology and national events.

Step 6 : Presentation of results and production of the product

Lastly, sum up the data collected and the above conclusion to produce a short presentation report from your views. Formats may include an essay (around 500 words), PowerPoint presentation and data set.

Apart from disasters, other factors also affect our identity. What are the elements forming Hong Kong people’s identities? We can think about the direction for exploring this issue using the following mind map:

From the above mind map, we can learn about the factors affecting Hong Kong people’s identities. Consider the following data and answer the questions.

2.2 ExtendedExploration:WhataretheelementsformingHongKongpeople’sidentities?

2.2 ExtendedExploration:WhataretheelementsformingHongKongpeople’sidentities?


(a) According to Source 1, what changes did the identity of Hong Kong people undergo in 1998-2008?

(4 marks) Knowledge & Understanding & Identification

Source 1Source 1

1/10/08 National Day of China celebrates the country's accomplishments

27/9/08 Chinese astronauts walk in space for the first time in history

25/9/08 Shenzhou 7 is launched successfully

28/8/08 The mainland and Hong Kong sign new agreement on energy

12/5/08 Sichuan Earthquake occurs

8/5/08 Olympic flame reaches the summit of Mount Everest for the first time

30/4/08 The Beijing Olympic torch arrives in Hong Kong

22/4/08The Hong Kong government decides to build the Hong Kong section of the Guangzhou-Hong Kong rail

31/3/08 The Beijing Olympic torch relay begins

24/3/08 The Beijing Olympic torch is lit in the old Olympic site

1/2/08Snowstorm in the mainland persists. Social groups in Hong Kong donates money and commodities to affected people

Note:TheaboveinformationisadaptedfromHKUPOPsite,3November2008.Downloadedfromhttp://hku-pop.hku.hk/.

Opinion Daily 20081/10/08 National Day of China celebrates the country's accomplishments

27/9/08 Chinese astronauts walk in space for the first time in history

25/9/08 Shenzhou 7 is launched successfully

28/8/08 The mainland and Hong Kong sign new agreement on energy

12/5/08 Sichuan Earthquake occurs

8/5/08 Olympic flame reaches the summit of Mount Everest for the first time

30/4/08 The Beijing Olympic torch arrives in Hong Kong

22/4/08The Hong Kong government decides to build the Hong Kong section of the Guangzhou-Hong Kong rail

31/3/08 The Beijing Olympic torch relay begins

24/3/08 The Beijing Olympic torch is lit in the old Olympic site

1/2/08Snowstorm in the mainland persists. Social groups in Hong Kong donates money and commodities to affected people

Note:TheaboveinformationisadaptedfromHKUPOPsite,3November2008.Downloadedfromhttp://hku-pop.hku.hk/.

Opinion Daily 2008

Source 2

Ingeneral, thepercentageofpeoplewhofelt thattheywereHongKongpersonshadfallen,whilethepercentageof

peoplewhofeltthattheywereChinesepersonshadrisen.

41Hong Kong Today

(b) According to Sources 1 and 2 and your knowledge, suggest 2 reasons to explain the changes you

identified in (a). (6 marks) Analysis & Exploring Change & Continuity

(c) What are the factors affecting our identity? Suggest 2 which relate to the situation of Hong Kong

people. (6 marks) Association & Giving Evidence

(d) Name 2 measures carried out by the Hong Kong government to improve the national identity of Hong

Kong people, and comment on their effectiveness. (8 marks) Analysis & Expressing Opinions

Freeanswers.Forexample, thereason thatpeoplerecognize theirChinese identitymorenowis thatafterChina

resumedtheexerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKongin1997,theHongKonggovernmentpromotedciviceducation

activelytoallowHongKongpeopletounderstandChinabetterandthusbolstertheirsenseofbelongingtotheirmother

country.Also,theincreaseinChina’snationalstrength,asshownin,forexample,China’sorganizationoftheBeijing

2008OlympicGames,alsofosteredthenationalprideofHongKongpeople.

Freeanswers.Forexample,HongKong’shistoricalbackgroundisoneofthefactorsaffectingtheidentityofHong

Kongpeople.HongKongbecameacolonyin1842andwasunderBritishrulesincethenuntilChinaresumedthe

exerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKong.TheBritishgovernmentdidnotraisetheissueofnationalidentityinorder

to facilitate its rule.ThisweakenedHongKongpeople’sconceptofnational identity.Another factor thataffects

theidentityofHongKongpeopleisthedevelopmentofChina.ThishasbeenrapidinrecentyearsandtheChinese

economyis improvingdaybyday.Eventssuchas theBeijing2008OlympicGamesandthe launchofspaceship

Shenzhou 7demonstratetheincreasingnationalstrengthofChina,whoserisinginternationalstatusmakesHongKong

peopleproud.

Freeanswers.Forexample, theHongKonggovernmentorganizesevents tocelebrateChina’s resumptionof the

exerciseofsovereigntyoverHongKongeveryyeartomaketheHongKongpeoplefeelhappyaboutbeingpartofthe

Chineserace.I thinkthismeasureiseffective,becausetheeventsarebroadcastonTVandthepublicisaffectedby

theatmosphere.ThegovernmentalsopromotesciviceducationsuchasincludingidentityinthecurriculumofSenior

SecondaryLiberalStudiestoimprovestudents’understandingoftheirnationalidentity.Thismeasureisalsoeffective

becauseitcultivatesstudents’senseofbelongingtoChinaastheirunderstandingoftheirmothercountryandnational

identityisdeepened.


Apart from the data in this book, you may also collect more data to learn more about identity. The following is for your reference:

Reference books:• 鄭宏泰、黃紹倫：《香港身份證透視》，香港：三聯書店， 2004 年。• 葉國華：《葉國華說中國國情──新香港人》，香港：中華書局， 2008 年。

Reference websites:• Committee on the Promotion of Civic Education: http://www.cpce.gov.hk/

• 香港教育城 ─ 香港回歸十周年網頁：http://www.hkedcity.net/article/special/hksar/

Documents

Hong Kong Today - ls.hkep.comls.hkep.com/nssls/teacher/sources/bg_02_E.pdf · Hong Kong Today 27 a. The national identity of Hong Kong people Given Hong Kong’s unique colonial history,