Chapter 10: A Blending of CulturesSection 3: Spanish-Speaking South America

Objectives• By the end of class today, you should be able

to do the following:1. Identify the cultural mosaic of South

America.2. Explain economic resources and trade.3. Describe the future prospects in South

America.4. Discuss current events in Latin America.

Topic 1: History of South America

• South America is divided into two groupings– Spanish-speaking countries– Brazil

• Political/religious division

Two parts of South America

Papal Line of Demarcation

Inca civilization

• Lived in the Andes Mountains– Biggest settlements were in Peru

• Conquered other tribes to build an empire

Inca

Inca civilization

Here come the Spanish

• Francisco Pizarro meets the Incas• Enslaved the natives, but laws guaranteed

some rights and protection• Laws were ignored by landlords

Francisco Pizarro

Quechua

• Inca language• Spanish conquerors imposed

Spanish language• Quechua still exists in some areas

Quechua

Portuguese exploration

• Patagonia: The region at the bottom of South America– Series of highland steppes – “Tierra del Fuego” at the tip

• Magellan: first circumnavigation of the Earth– He didn’t make it

Strait of Magellan

Independence Movements

• Physical Geography made it hard to govern• Countries won independence from Spain in

early 1800’s

Topic 2: Economics

Governments

• South America has a problem with bad governments

• Oligarchies: rule by a few people• Authoritarianism: stresses obedience to

authority over individual freedom

Economics

• Region has varied industries– Mining– Fishing– Farming– Ranching

• “Mercosur” trade group• Strength of economy varies by country

Topic 3: Present-day culture

Cultural Mosaic

• South America is culturally complex• Arts and Crafts are predominant in the region– Folk art– Household goods

Folk Art

Folk Art

Folk Art

Folk Art

Musical styles

• Rock: very similar to rock in the United States– América, Tiro de Gracia

• Tango: intimate, rhythmic dance of South America– Milonga– TAKE THE LEAD

• Zamba: national dance of Argentina, stately– NIÑA, BAILA LA ZAMBA

Post-testA. Inca B. Francisco Pizarro C. Quechua

D. Authoritarian Rule E. Mercosur

1. ___________ and his army conquered the Inca Empire.2. The economic common market that began operating in the

southern region of South America in 1995 is called __________.3. The ____________ created one of the greatest civilizations in the

Americas in the mountains of Peru.4. One lasting legacy of the Inca is that their language, ___________ ,

is still spoken by millions of native people today.5. ___________ stresses obedience to authority over individual

freedom.