®Intel’s Labs1

HomeRF:Bringing WirelessConnectivity Home

Jim LansfordWireless Systems ArchitectIntel CorporationTechnical Committee ChairHome RF Working Group

March 9, 1999

®Intel’s Labs2

Where does wireless fit?

Part of the home intranet mix

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• Core home networking capabilities, including internet,anywhere in and around the home

• Share wireless voice and data

• Review incoming messages

• Activate other home electronic systems by voice

• Needed in countries where phone lines cannot beused

®Intel’s Labs3

●“No new wires”

●Simple to Install

●Easy to Use

●Low Cost: ~$200 for2 PCs

●Bandwidth To Support CommonHome Applications

●Industry Standards

Home Networking Solutions Designedfor the Home User

®Intel’s Labs4

Home Networking Needs 1 Mbps

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First Home NWApplications

®Intel’s Labs5

HomeRF™ Working GroupMission Statement

To enable the existence of a broadrange of interoperable consumerdevices, by establishing an openindustry specification for unlicensedRF digital communications for PCsand consumer devices anywhere, inand around the home.

®Intel’s Labs6

Establishing SWAP-CA

It happened one daye.g. ISA, Soundblaster

Standards bodye.g., ITU, IEEE, ANSI

Industry leadershipand dedicated forume.g., IrDA, TAPI, USB

SWAP-CA

Shared Wireless Access Protocol - Cordless Access

®Intel’s Labs7

Broad, cross industry supportl Communicationsl Consumer Electronicsl Home Control/Home Automationl Networkingl Peripheralsl Personal Computerl Semiconductors/Componentsl Software

70+ Member Companies

®Intel’s Labs8

Partial Membership Roster(70+ companies are now Participants)

l 3COMl Alpsl Advanced Micro Devicesl Aironetl Applel Broadcom Corporationl Butterfly

Communicationsl Casiol Cirrus Logicl Cisco Systemsl Compaql Ericsson Enterprise

Networksl Fujitsul Harris Semiconductorl Hewlett-Packardl Hosidenl IBM

l Primaxl Philips Consumer

Communications (PCC)l Proximl Raytheon Wireless Solutionsl RF Monolithicsl RF Micro Devicesl Rockwell Semiconductor

Systemsl Samsung Electronicsl Sharpl ShareWavel Siemensl Siemens Microelectronicsl Silicon Wavel Symbionicsl Symboll Texas Instrumentsl WebGear

lIntellIntellonlInterval ResearchlIndustrial Tech. ResearchliReady SystemslKansai DenkilLG ElectronicslMatsushita ElectronicslMatsushita WorkslMicrosoftlMitsubishilMotorolalNational SemiconductorlNEC Corporation lNortellOkilOsitis Software

®Intel’s Labs9

SWAP ProductDevelopment

l ButterflyCommunications

l Compaq

l Hewlett-Packardl IBMl Intel

l iReady

l Microsoft

l Motorolal Proxim

l OTC Telecoml RF Monolithicsl Samsung

l Symbionics

The following member companies aredeveloping SWAP products:

®Intel’s Labs10

Enabling the Vision

PrinterCamera Game Pad

USB

Stereo Camcorder VCR TVMultimedia (e.g. 1394)

Grandma’s Brownies3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter

HomeRF SWAP

Control Point

HomePNA

Phone

Cable1394

®Intel’s Labs11

The SWAP Network

Other Home Networks(HPNA,phone,AC)

TCP/IP BasedNetwork of

AsynchronousPeer-PeerDevices

Main Home PC

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Isochronous Clients

Grandma’s Brownies3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter

PSTNHomeRFControl Point

USB

Internet

®Intel’s Labs12

HomeRF Origins802.11

Uses CSMA/CAGood for Data

DECTUses TDMA

Good for Voice

SWAPTDMA + CSMA/CA

Good for Voice & DataOptimized for small networks (in home)

Simplified radio & protocol to reduce costBoth voice and data are important for home RF

®Intel’s Labs13

Why a new protocol?l It handles voice like DECT or PHS, but...

uFrequency hoppingu20 ms frames (better for data)uinterleaved up and down linksuRetransmission (single)

l It handles data like 802.11, but...uRelaxed PHY layer specs to reduce costuBeacons to manage isochronous trafficuSimplified protocol (no PCF)

•IP data at up to 2Mb/s and supports cordless telephony

®Intel’s Labs14

SWAP Features

lRange: >50 meters indoors

lSpeed: dual speed - supports TCP/IPtraffic at over 1Mb/s

lVoice: High quality voice channelswith retransmissionuHigh quality cordless telephonesuVoice recognition

®Intel’s Labs15

Device Types

Cordless Telephone

Isochronous (I node)> minimum latency -telephones, etc.

Asynchronous (A node)> TCP/IP traffic

Fridge pad

Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.

HOME INDEX

•CP - Connection point…can manage anetwork or act as an A node

• Can be USB, PCI, PC-Card, Device Bay, etc.• CP can place calls even when PC is down

CP

PSTN

®Intel’s Labs16

Topology

CP

Connection Point*

PSTN

SWAP Frame

• It’s a circuit switched, isochronous network

TDMAI Node TDMA

I Node

TDMAI Node

CP

CSMAA Node

Fridge pad

Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.

HOME INDEX

CSMAA Node

CP

CSMAA Node

CSMAA Node

• It’s a packet switched, asynchronous network

HOME INDEX

CSMA & TDMAA/I Node

• It’s both - I nodes get priority on bandwidth

®Intel’s Labs17

l Nominal 100 mW transmit powerl Minimum receiver sensitivity of -76 dBm

(2FSK)u range >50 m in typical homes/yards

u -85 dBm sensitivity typical

l Cost effective filter requirementsuUse MAC to reduce PHY costuMakes single-chip integration simpler

PHY Features

®Intel’s Labs18

l MAC provides good support for voice and data

l Leverages existing DECT technology for voicel Excellent integration with TCP/IP networking protocols

u easy integration with Ethernet

uSupports broadcast, multicast and fragmenting

l Data security - Basic/Enhanced levels of encryptionuBasic: 24-bit Network ID and Frequency Hopping

uEnhanced: Basic + LFSR algorithm

l Extensive power management for ultra-portable devices

MAC Features

Optimizes exis ting technology for home use

®Intel’s Labs19

The PC interfacel SWAP’s PC connection is designed for use under

Windows 98 * , Windows2000 *, and beyonduWake on ringuConnection Oriented NDIS (NDIS 5…for Windows2000 *)uA nodes appear as Ethernet devicesu I nodes become Connection Oriented clients

* Third party brands and marks areproperty of their respective owners.

®Intel’s Labs20

PC S oftware ArchitectureDiagram

RCA filterNDIS TAPI proxy

TAPI 3.0 connection-oriented client

connection-less clientDirectShow*

“Ethernet”MP/CM

connectionless I/Fconnection-oriented I/F

Windows2000*

Windows2000*

Windows2000*

* Third party brands and marks areproperty of their respective owners.

®Intel’s Labs21

Voice: Robust clarity• Service Slot used by nodes to

Page Control PointControl Point Beacon

B Contention periodCSMA/CA access mechanism

Ho

p

Service Slot

• Superframe structure controlled by Beacon

Superframe - 20ms

Ho

p

Uplink Slots

Downlink Slots

• TDMA slot pairs allocated by the Control Point

D2

U3

D3

U2

D1

U1

• Voice data transmitted in the slots in CFP #2

D4

U4

D2

U3

D3

U2

D1

U1

CFP #2Contention free periods

• Any voice data to be retransmitted is sent:– In CFP1, after a hop– frequency/time diversity & low latency

D3 D4

U3 U4

CFP #1

®Intel’s Labs22

Data transmission

• CSMA/CA during the contention period• Efficient for small networks• Tolerant of interference• Data for entire frame if no voice

Service Slot

Contention periodCSMA/CA access mechanism

Ho

p

Superframe - 20ms

B D3 D4

U3 U4

D4

U4

D2

U3

D3

U2

D1

U1

Ho

pD2

U3

D3

U2

D1

U1

CFP #2CFP #1Contention free periods

®Intel’s Labs23

Encryption Algorithm

l Open, royalty free - published in openliterature over 30 years ago

l Low gate countl Fast “warm up”l Required for CP in the US market, optional

for other devices and geographiesl Robustl Similar concept to GSM A5 algorithm, but

“stronger”

®Intel’s Labs24

Usage - Voice Control

CP IWU Co-NDIS

Application

PCCP

PSTN

TDMAI Node

Fridge pad

Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.

HOME INDEX

CSMAA Node

• Handset initiates voicetransfer to PC

• Application acceptsstreaming audio from CP

• Application performs speechrecognition and sendscommands back down stack

• For automatic callplacement, CP dials numberand connects handset

• Handset - PSTNconnection remains untilcall teardown

Data traffic can also be active

®Intel’s Labs25

Usage - ISP Sharing

TDMAI Node

Fridge pad

Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.

HOME INDEX

CSMAA Node

CSMAA Node

CP IWU Co-NDIS

Application

PCCP

PSTN

• PC initiates ISP connection(modem, ISDN, UDSL, Cable, etc.)

• Applications on host PC canaccess ISP immediately

• Remote A nodes access ISPthrough NAT and TCP/IP

• Remote A nodes can alsoshare files and printers

• Ad hoc peer-peer transfersbetween nodes do not requireresources of “server” PC

USB

Voice traffic can also be active

®Intel’s Labs26

Timeline

Home RF W

orking Group Announced

Published R0.5 (Functionally complete)

Reached 50 mem

bers

‘98Q1

‘98Q2

‘98Q3

‘98Q4

‘99Q3

‘99Q2

Sample Physical Layer radios

Define Logo Usage Requirements

‘99Q1

SWAP 1.0 Provisional Specification

‘992H

First Products

SWAP 1.1 Specification

www.homerf.org

®Intel’s Labs27

HomeRF Summary

lHome RF Working group developingopen, royalty free spec

lOver 80 member companies

lNOW is the time to beginimplementation plans

lMore info (including membership) atwww.homerf.org

l$4,800 membership fee