THE ROLE OF THE NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS

Homeostasis

Response to the cold.

Stimulus= decrease in temperature

Receptor = hypothalamus and thermoreceptors in skin

Effectors= Act to maintain core temperatureEg. Blood vessels constrict, shivering, diversion of circulation.

Response= Maintenance of core body temperature

THE NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CO ORDINATE EFFORTS TO COMPLETE THE FEED BACK LOOP.

OVERVIEW OF THE CONTROL SYSTEMS

Homeostasis

Nervous System

Central Nervous System

Inter neurons

Message sent via axon

Peripheral Nervous System

Sensory neurons

To axon terminal of

other neurons until

Motor neurons

Reaches effector organ,

gland or muscle.

Endocrine System

Glands

Hormones

Speed up or slow down

organ’s processes

Control growth, reproduction,

breathing, body temp. etc

CNS vs PNS

CNS PNS

Consists of brain and spinal cord

Interneurons relay messages and carry impulses through the spinal cord.

Also known as connector neurons

Sensory neurons detect change in environment

Motor neurons receive impulses from interneurons

Sensory neurons relay messages to interneurons and motor neurons receive messages from interneurons which are then passes onto the effector organ, muscle or gland.

Neurons

3 Types of neurons

A. Sensory Neurons

B. Motoneurons

C. Interneurons

From neuron to hormone response

Neuron Message Endocrine Response

Message sent via axon to axon terminals which release neurotransmitters into synapse; gap between the dendrites and next neuron or organ, muscle or gland.

While impulse is passed on from one neuron to next the message changes from an electrical to chemical message.

Glands respond to neuron message by releasing hormones.

Which circulate in the bloodstream until reaching the target organ.

Hormones speed up or slow down the process carried out by the organ.

Eg. When body senses water loss, hormones target the kidney’s to reduce urine out put.

Endocrine system controls….. The endocrine

system and it’s many hormones control:

growth reproduction, blood sugar

levels Energy release

Body temperature

Breathing Thirst Hunger Emotions Sleeping Heart rate

Endocrine Glands

Endocrine glands Endocrine system

Hypothalamus Pituitary Thyroid gland Pancreas Adrenal glands Testis Ovary