Holography.vol2.No2(8pages)

8/10/2019 Holography.vol2.No2(8pages)

1/8

VOLU;\IE 2

Nn I ER

2

APRIL

199

SPIE s

International

Technical

Working

Group

Newsletter

Working toward

the color

desktop holoprinter

INS I E

MoH

closes

Holography s creative

challenge

he

automatic, 3-D, hard-copy device has of ten

been cited as potentially being

one

of the main

applications

of

holography

in

imaging.

The

F lens Sl , ......,

enllcular ns

sh l

Figure 1.

Sket::h

of Tokyo Instituteof

Technology s

one-step wnann

synthesis

system (page 8).

development

of

such a machine would provide

the major breakthough in non-embossed holog

raphy which the industry has been awaiting for

years. At the Practical Holography VI confer

ence held at SPIE/lS T's Electronic Imaging

meeting in February, two groups presented pa

pers describing systems that they believe may

form the basis for a desktop color holographic

printer.

At the MIT

Media

Lab., a holoprint er

has

been a research goal since the Spatial Imaging

Group received its charter six years ago. Since

thattime,

anumberofadvanceshavebeenmade

toward

this

goal, including the development

of

the Alcove transmission hologram, the reflec

tion Alcove, and the Ultragram, around which

their work currently centers.

Ultragram is a term given to a computer

graphics post-processing and optical system

that enables placement of projection screens

and optical components at any position in the

recording frustum

of

the fmal holographic ste

reogram. The Ultragram marks a unification of

previous one- and two-step systems since

it

allows conversion of perspective views gath

ered

by

the standard track-scanning method into

stereogram

component

images that will pro

duce a one-step image-plane hologram. The

program takes as i nput perspective views gath

ered

or

generated from the fmal view-distance

and diffusion and anamorphic optical charac

teristics of the stereogram optical system.

I t

generates properly pre-distorted images that

can be

recorded one-by-one in the stereogram

printer.

Recent work has concentrated

on

making

Ultragrams in full color. One-step holographic

stereograms,

made

with a single wavelength

laser, inherently chromatically distort the image

llumination integration

Tribute to Weitzen

volume.

This

usually results inhorizontalstre

ing distortion of the image based on reconst

tion wavelength. By using a reflection form

and thus limiting the bandwidth playout

of

final hologram, three discrete images can

produced corresponding to three color pri

ries: as opposed to the continuous spectrum

is played

out

from a transmission hologr

Chromatic distortion is removed via a lin

continued o b ck

Cutting the computation

The Spatial Imaging Group at MIT's

Media

Lab. has used a computer to generate small, 3

D, holographic images, and reconstructed them using an acousto-optic-based optical system

As withany real-time display, the computer generated holograms (CGHs)must becalculated

quickly for the images to be dynamic

and

interactive. However, numerical synthesis o

holographic interference patterns demands an enormous amount of computation, making

rapid (less than one second) generation of even limited-size holograms impossible with

conventional computers. As presented at Practical Holography VI several methods o

reducing computation complexity have

been

devised to cut calculation times to as little as one

second using a data-parallel-processing supercomputer.

For decades, researchers used purely physical models

of

lightdiffraction and interferenc

to numerically synthesize holograms.

The

first simplification acknowledges that not al

irtformation relating to physical diffraction needs to

be

included for imaging purposes.

Th

fringe created

when

each image point source interferes with reference beam light is all tha

is required. In fact, by computing only the bipolar intensity fringes, the image is brighte

due to the

lack

of any reference bias build-up, and less noisy due to the lack of object self

interference. Summation of these bipolar fringes is linear and involves only real-valued

continued

on

page


2/8

olography

rom the editor

Practical Holography VI

This year's Practical

olography

VI

meeting (11-

13

February

,

San Jose

,

Calif

.)

featured the world's

flTst i

nternational session on electro-holography,

a

erm intended

to describe the various

ap-

proaches

to electronically

transmitted

and moving

image display holography

. h

s not

a

very f i m ~ i n g

term, as

h ncludes

holographic cinema

under

i

ntended d e f i n ~ i o n (although nary an electron

is

involved; well,

a

few

p/loto-electrons

perhaps)

,

but

will distinguish this new

field

from electronic

holography

, which

generally

signifies

electronic

speckle interferometry (or ESPI)

.

Also

in

San Jose

at the

Holography Working Group meeting

,

we

changed the name of the conference to olo-

graphic Imaging and

Materials

to

better reflect the

changing

charter

of

the

meeting as we move

toward fewer and

better

focused

meetings.

Over

the past

year,

SPIE has had

a

chance to

look at

the

actual operating

costs

of wor


3/8

olography

PRIL 19

The Museum of Holography, founded by Jody

Bums and

Posy Jackson, opened

to

the

public on

9

December 1976,

and provided

the

world s

first

permanent

venue for

the e x h i ~ i o n

of holograms,

collection

of ~ artifacts, and education

about

princples

and app6ca1ions. Mhough originally

emphasizing

the

promotion

of

holography

as

an

art

medium,

the

Museum

came

to

embrace the

scientific, industrial,

and

commercial aspects

of

the

medium as

programs developed

.

The

All

queued

up t go

on line

Museum s space expanded to indude two

floors,

induding

the Dennis Gabor Laboratory for

Holography

and

a teaching space for school

programs. It also published a newsletter,

Ho osphere.

Unlike many New York

cuHural

i n s t ~ u t i o n s the

Museum

was primarily supported

by

admissions income, as holography had not

reached

the

mainstream stature

necessary for

major

arts

foundation

funding. The

Board

of

Trustees

is hopeful

that

the Museum will eventually

reopen

in

a

new

location,

but

there are

obviously

a

host of problems to solve

in

the meantime .

Our electronic newsletter is now up and run-

ning thanks to Mike Halle, Spatial Imaging

Group,MITMedia Lab. We decided to try an

unmoderated format. That means information

will not need to pass through SPIE headquar

ters before going to working group members.

This

is the way it works:

1. Working group members who have given

their addresses to SPIE are on a listserver

[email protected]

send mail

to

people on

t is

list. Please be

selective when sending information

to t is

address:

i f oo much

'1unkmail is sent,mem

bers will remove their name from the list, and

we will have to move to a moderated fQrmat.

2. f you are not sure the information is

appropriate to

be

broadcast through the net

work, or

i f

you would like it

to

be edited,

please send it

to

splebolo-news@medla.

mltedu.

That is also the address to send

articles for or comments about the print news

letter or general enquiries about SPIE, work-

tephen

A Benton

Chairman,

Working

Group Executive o m m ~ e e

I f

you're using an

ion laser for a single

frequency application

like holography, you

know that mode-hops

are one of the biggest

obstacles to increasing

your productivity.

The unpredictable

power losses and fre

quency shifts associated

with mode-hops can

ruin a complex exposure,

forcing you to repeat a

run, without any assur

ance that a mode-hop

won't occur again at an

inopportune moment.

Coherent's Innova

family of ion lasers offer

single-frequencyopera

tion that is mode-hop

Highest Power

Shorter

Exposures

Larger Holograms

Higher Throughput

Unsurpassed Stability

No Mode-Hops

Fewer Rejects

Better Quality

HandsOff Operation

Automatic Mirror

Alignment

Automatic Etalon

Set-Up

Automatic Etalon

Stabilization

free.

Our

ModeTrack

software continuously

monitors the laser out

put, then controls the

laser to provide long

term, hands-off, stable

single-frequency per

formance .

This

means

that for your critical

single-frequency appli

cation, mode-hops are

completely eliminated.

The Innova family

includes small and large

frame ion lasers. Both

with higher specified

single-frequency power

than is available from

anyone else. And all the

productivity-enhancing

features that have made

Coherent the leading

light in lasers.

Our lasers are backed

by outstanding customer

care unmatched by

ing groups, meetings, administration. etc

Please state whether the information sent

t

t is

address

is

for e-mail broadcast,

for

th

print

newsletter, or not for publication.

3. fyou are noton the list to receiveworkin

group mail, or wish to delete or change your e

mail address, please send a message t

[email protected] (workin

group members only).

4.

Hyou have issues you wish to discuss

wit

theworking

group

administration(serious

con

ference scheduling clashes.

important

agend

items for working group meetings. etc.

send a

brief

message to splebolo

[email protected] and we will

addres

your concerns. Information sent

to t is

ad

dress will not

be

published.

f you have any questions about the way

th

network operates, please send them to th

spieholo-news address (address

2

above), o

to Sunny Bains atSPIE, P.O.Box

10,

Belling

ham, WA 98227-0010, Fax 206/647-1445.

anyone in the business.

It's a corporate culture

that reaches from our

president, who gives his

home phone number to

customers in case of

problems, to our superb

staff of field service

engineers.No one sup

ports you better, or

faster, anywhere

in the world

than Coherent. ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ l

Call 800-

527-3786, ext.

365 for your free

single-frequency

ion laser selection

guide today.

We'll show you how

added stability can make

you far more productive.

UK (0223) 420501,

Germany

(06074) 9

140

, Japan (03) 3648 8115, outside Stales (415) 858-7582, FA X (415) 8587631

*IER EnT.


4/8

olography

Do

commercial holograms have

z-axis n

their

future?

To what is commercial holographic imaging

always bound? Are the only good holograms

limited to those that can

be

seen in diffuse

lighting? f hat is the case,

why

produce holo

grams? Whynot produce 2-D diffractionprints-

glitter color.

It

is the responsibility of those

working in holographic imaging to develop an

understanding

of

true holographic images.

By

doing that, we are actually accomplishing two

goals: expanding the

public's

perception of the

potential of holographic imagery and recaptur

ing the full palette of holographic potential for

our own use.

There is substance

to

the argument that most

commercially produced holograms must func

tion, to an extent, with diffuse lighting as the

main source of illumination. However, every

thing that holographic images bring to commer

cial art is

not

limited to the 2-D surface

of

the

paper/substrate.

There

is so

much

more: depth,

image, transposition, animation, and morphing,

to name but a few.

Take, for example, the recent interest in i m

age morphism in commercial computer graphic

art. That technique is practically begging to be

used in holographic stereography and could

be

easily accommodated by the

100-120

frame

capability of an embossed color stereogram.

Today, such an image is usually reduced to a

two channel image, losing all the beauty inher

ent in the original process. The challenge has

less to dowithdevelopment of maging technol

ogy, and more to do with understanding what

the time component in holographic images

brings to commercial

art.

The

operative word is extent. True, the

successful commercial hologram must

be

able

to

function with

some

substance under diffuse

illumination. But this should only be a lead in

ahook

to attract attention, so that the viewer can

take the hologram to better illumination where

the real intent

of

the image can be seen. When

more holograms function in this manner, the

public's fascination with holography will be

revitalized.

Perhaps we must simply extend the

public's

enjoyment of holographic imagery in general.

f

we can do this to the extent that viewers

demand the same qualities in commerciafholo

grams as they have

come to expect from holo

graphic art, then our clients may allow us to

show the world what holography can do.

Steve

Smith

The Lasersmith

PRIL

19

olography

The

Holography

newsletter is published

by

SPI

The

International Society for Optical Engineeri

for its

In1tmatiooal

T eclmical Working Group

Holography. Present circulation is

5,000.

xecutive diJor

Stephen

A.

Benton

Technical Editor

Sunny Bains

Managing diJor

Andrea Patrick

Graphics Karen Long

dvertising alu

Patricia Rosedale

Address

all

submissions to Sunny Bains, SPIE, P

Box 10, Bellingham. WA

982Z7-OO10.

Articles

this newsletter

do

not necessarily

constiWle

n o r

ment or the opinions of the editors or SPIE.

Adv

tising and copy are subject

to accq>Lance by

editors.

SPIE-The

Intemational Society for Opti

ngineering (Society of Pboto-Optical

strumentation Engineers) is a nonprofit educatio

society dedicated to advanc.ng engineering and s

entific applications of optical,

e1eclrcHlptical, a

optoelectronic instrwnentation, systems, and te

nologies.

1992 Society

of

Photo-Optical lnstrwnentat

Engineers.

All

rights reserved.

SPIE-The

International

Society

for Optical

En

neering, P.O.

Box 10, Bellingham,

WA 98227-00

USA. T e i e p h o n e 2 6 6 7 ~ 3 2 9 Teiefax2061647-14

Teiex 46-7053. OPTO-UNK 206m3 2998. inlc

[email protected]

. CompuServe 71630,2177.

In

Europe: Xantmer Slrasse

22,

D

1000

Berlin IS,

Germany.

Telephone 49-30-881 5047. Telefax

49-

882 2028.

Telex

181479

speco d.

In

Japan:

SPIE, c/o

01'0 esearch Corp

., Takeu

Bldg., 1-34-12

Takatanobaba, Shinjukuku,

Tokyo 1

Japan. Telephone 03/3208-7821. Telex

232 41

O1 ORES

1.

Telefax

03/3200-2889.

HOLOGRAPHY CLASSES

FULL 3-DAY WORKSHOP

450

Students produce their own laser viewable white light reflection

holograms. All aspects are learned, including history, marketing, types,

applications and advanced formats.

(Multiplex, embossed, dichromate, rainbow and photopolymer)

FULL LINE OF HOLOGRAPHY SERVICES AVAILABLE

Visit our 4,000 sq.

ft.

gallery in Woodland Hills

CA.

For information call or write:

WHITE LIGHT WORKS, INC.

(818)

703-1111

Fax (818) 703-1182

P.O. Box 851 Woodland Hills, CA. 91365

4


5/8

olography

Alabama s

alternative

to edge-lit?

A

3-D

holographic image with substantial depth

has

been

created, using a display

unit

that

integrates a rainbow hologram and a white

light illumination source,

at

the University of

Alabama at Huntsville, Mechanical Engineer

ing

Department With

only a

power cord

at

tached to the bottom of the frame, the compact,

self-contained system, about I-inch thick, is

ready to hang on the wall and can be viewed in

almost any display environment (Fig. 1).

igure

1.

The

integrated steep illumination rainbow

hologr m displ y

The integrated hologram system is a hybrid

of a conventional white

light

transmission ho

logram and an edge-lit rainbow hologram. It

consists of three parts: light guide, rainbow

hologram, and light source. The

light

guide

consists of two sheets of glass

placed

parallel

with an air

gap

between them. A specially

made

rainbow hologram is laminated to one of

the glass sheets.

The

source is a miniature,

white light bulb placed between and near the

edge of the glass sheets. A moderate distance

between the hologram and

light

source is nec

essary to provide a relatively uniform illumina

tion. The light emitted from the bulb is guided

to the hologram area through multiple reflection

from the glass sheets. Near the source, aluminum

mirrors are laminated on the light guide to

pre

vent light leaks and decrease the temperature of

the glass. A major proportion of the light illumi

nates the hologram with a very steep incidence.

To achieve efficient reconstruction, the holo

gram is recorded with optical geometry similar

to that one used for recording edge-lit rainbow

holograms.

The

system offers relaxation for

the lighting restrictions with con

ventional white light transmission

holography. The spatial require

ment for conventional display ho

logram illumination has been

eliminated, making holographic

displays

more compact and

self

contained, and

therefore more

practical. This improvement

should increase the commercial

value of display holography

and

expand its market.

Though

related to the edge-lit

rainbow hologram, the integrated,

steep illumination rainbow holo

gram

display provides solutions

to

some

of the engineering diffi

culties. The recording configura

tion for the hologram used in this

system is rather conventional .

Only a free space reference beam

is needed. Consequently, the re

quirements of using a glass block,

immersion tank, and index match

ing for edge-lit work

can

be re-

laxed,

and

there is no Fresnel re

flection problem. In addition, the

image

created by this system has considerably

lower Rayleigh scattering noise. Furthermore,

this integrated system has effectively avoided

the heat dissipation problem.

There

is plenty of

air

space between the glass sheets to disperse the

heat

generated by the light source, and the alumi

num mirrors act as heat sinks.For instance, using

a 12V,

20

W halogen bulb the

maximum

tem

perature around the system

was

approximately

65C.

This

guarantees the safety of nstalling the

light source in the picture frame.

QlangHuang

DepL of Phys. Univ.

o

Alabama, HWI1aville

AI

35899,

2 0 S / 8 9 5 ~ 9 x l 2 S Internet: [email protected].

5

APRIL 99

Computation

conliooed

from

p ge

I

numbers, consequently doubling computatio

speed. So, by computing only what the hol

graphic imaging sy stem needs, this method ca

culates a better

image in half

the time.

Substantially more speed is obtained by u

ing a look-u p table containing all possib

elemental bipolar fringes .This is pre-comput

once for a given i mage resolution and displ

geometry. Rather than computing fringes

needed, the table

maps each

desired image poi

to

the appropriate elemental fringe pattern. E

sentially, the physics of light propagation, a

therefore all the time-consuming calculation

are contained within the look-up table. CG

computation proceeds by reading in a poi

from the desired image, using its position

index the table, scaling the elemental fringe

the desired image po int brightness, and fina

combining this scaled fringe into the total frin

pattern.

This

is repeated for each image poi

until the entire pattern is computed. On a Co

nection Machine Model 2 supercomputer, th

approach can increase computation speed

more

than

one

order

of

magnitude. For a

megabyte CGH from an image composed

10,000 points, frame times are less than o

second. (Such a computation traditionally occ

pies a mainframe computer for hours.) T

look-up table accelerates the process even

fu

ther on less sophisticated computers.

Currently, the real-time display system at t

MIT

produces an image occupying a volume

roughly 4 cm on

each

side, with a view angle

16 degrees. By turning

one

of several di

interfaced to the computer, the viewer m

manipulate the image in any way: change t

object s rotation, size, location, etc. With a

proximately one refresh per second, this is tru

the first interac tive holographic display.

Mark

Lucente

MIT

Media

Lab.

RefeIel1ccs

I . P.

SL

-

Hilaire

et

aI.

''Electronic display system for

computational holography, SPlE Vol 1212, (199

2. P. SL-Hi1aire, et

aI. Real time

holographic cli.pla

improvementa using a multichannel acousto-optic

modulator

and holographic optical elementa. SPl

Vol

1461,

(1991).

3. P. SL-Hi1aire, S. A. Benton, M. Lucente, Color

imagea with the MIT holographic video display,

SPIE Vol 1667, publication expected July 1992.

4. M. Lucente, Optimization of hologram computat

for real-time display,

SPIE Vol

1461, publication

expected July I 992.


6/8

olography

n th

n ws

COHERENT, INC. HAS PURCHASED

a

10 percent equity interest

in

Holo-Or Ltd.

lo

cated in Rehovot,

Israel.

Holo-Or is a start-up

company specializing in the design

and

proto

type

fabrication

of

diffractive optical elements.

Coherent

and

Holo-Or have

been

working

to -

gether for several years to commercialize

dif-

fractive teclmology for use in laser delivery

systems. Coherent currently marlcets these lenses

to COl laser

users

for a number

of

applications

in which high energy density

or

special beam

shaping is required. These lenses offer advan

tages such as low weight, complex optical func

tions, and aberration-free

performance.

Diffrac

tive optics utilize semiconductor lithographic

manufacturing techniques to create computer

designed phase structures which replace tradi

tional optics.

AN EXIflBIT of

fine art holograms is being

displayed through

30

June

at

the Holography

World Center

of

the Art, Science and Teclmol

ogy Institute, Washington, DC. Displays in

clude Dietmar Ohlmann's

Scream

and

Human

in Hyper-Space,

and Randy James'

lrllersec

tion.

Other artists

at

the exhibit include Rudie

Berkhout, Peter Miller, Jeffrey Robb, Eduardo

Ko, and John Kaufman.

THE

TASK

OF

SELLING HOLOGRAMS

can be difficult and demanding in part because

there has been

no

documentation

of

vital sales

data. olan Report

now provides a warehouse

of

information

on

holograms.

It

demonstrates

that there is a functioning system that buys and

sells holographic

art-art

that commands fair

and

reasonable prices in line with those paid for

other types of fine art. Information for the report

is provided

by

subscribers who submit a com

pleted sales report whenever they make a sale.

Every

three

months, beginning May 1992, all

reported sales will

be

published in Holart.

To

obtain a sales report form or for inforri'tarion

about subscribing, contact Holart Consultants,

18 Bonview St,

San Francisco,

CA94110

USA.

Phone 415(282-3646. Fax 415(282-4013.

WAVEFRONT, which stopped publication in

1987, will

be

coming out with a special issue in

April.

The

issue, edited by

AI

Razutis and Mel

issa Crenshaw, will include the collapse

of

the

NY

Museum

of

Holography, images in time and

space. and more. Send $7 to WAVEFRONT,

Box

74584, Kitsilano Postal Outlet, 2803 W.

4th

Ave., Vancouver,BC,CANADA V6KIR2.

APRIL

19

H O L O G R P H E R S N D O T H E R S w i

to protest the use

of

the

term

hologram

describe the

3-D

arcade game Time Travele

should use a designated file number when w

ing to the Federal Trade Commission, acco

ing to Jeff Levine

of

MezMerized Marketi

Using the flle number will enable the

FfC

identify letters rela ted to the issue and quan

the level

of

protest, Levine said. Letters sho

refer to FfCConsumerFileNo. 231915, and

addressed to: Federal Trade Commission, A

Eugene Lipkowitz, 150 William Street, 1

Floor, New Yorlc

NY 10602

Levine

is coo

nating a campaign to persuade

the FfC

to

voke trademark permission for the use

of

term

hologram by computer game manu

turer Sega in connection with its Time Tr

eler

n

game.

The

game uses a parabolic ref

tor to display 2-D computer graphics as ste

images and includes no holographic teclmol

(Holography,

Vol. 2 No. I, February 1992

=II_OLOGRAPHICS

\ :J 1J1 l1

NT E R

NAT

ION

A L

Featuring

= -

1

9

9

2

The 1992 SPIE Holographies International

Directory Resource Guide

Tbe industry S most comprebensive guide to bolography

>

Over 2,000 companies, researchers, professionals,

and

artists

> Review articles on HOEs, imaging,

NDT

art,

and

displays

>

Extensive patent, paper,

and

publication listings

>

Indexes

of

people

and

companies in

46

countries

> Nearly 200 pages of essential contacts and infonnation

SPIFJWorking Group Member $35 Nonmember $50

Mall

01' fax

yOUI'

order (with payment to:

SPIE. P.O. Box 10 Bellingham, WA 98227-0010

USA

Telephone

: 2061676-3290

Telefax: 206/647-1445 Telex: 46-7053

OPTO-UNK:

2061733 2998

SPIFr-The International Sodety for Optical Engtneertng


7/8

olography

21-25 April 1992

Pulsed-Laser

Hlliography Wcrkshop,

Evanston,

IL

Conducted

by H. Bje\khagen and M. Marhic,

Northwcslcm

Univ. Cattact Brooks Institule ofPbo

tography,805 S64-1475.

18-20 May

Int.

Conr.

OIl

>D Media Tedmology,

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Canada.

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DIg1ta1

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by SPIE Czech0-

slovakia

Chapter.

Endorsed by InL Commission for

Optics (ICO). SPIE is a cooperating organizllion.

Alois Pesl,

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6-10

July

1992

Intro. to

Holography

Wcrkshop,

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Forest, IL

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for Photonics Studies, Lake Forest College,

555

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Phone 708{234-3100 x340.

13-17

July

1992

Tutorials

on

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IL Center for Photonics Studies, Lake Forest Col

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Applied

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short CO D'SCS

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92,

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rect Canmunications GmbH,

Xmener

SlrUs 22, D

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Fax 49

30

8822028.

22-26 Sept 1992

Inti.

Card Manufacturers

Assn.

Convention. Con

tactICMA,I4

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Junction, NJ 08550.

Phone f:IJ9{l99-7032.

15-17 Oct 1992

Security Printers

Com., Giardini Noes, Sidly.

ContactA. Ca-penticr,lmcrgraf, SquareMIWie>Louise

18 (Ble

25-27),8-1040

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+3232308646. Fax

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.

25-30 Oct 1992

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on

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APRIL 19

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May

1993

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ng

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Sponsored

by

SPIE

S o v i e t ~

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and

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Univ.,

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o(

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The Polaroid Corporation

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for their generous contributions

in

sup-

port of the Practical Holography

VI

conference at SPlEIIS T s

Electronic

Imaging

: Science Technology 9-14

Feb

.

1992 San

Jose,

Calif.

+

Holographies

International

back Issues available

Hologramas M crograbado, Mexico City, is looking for aholographer with

experience

in

shooting photoresist masters.

The

individual should know

how to shoot the following holograms:

2D/3D, 3D, 3D/2D,

and double

channel, as well as have experience

in

computer generated holograms.

Salary $50,000-$100,000 depending

on

experience and qualifications. Fax

525/596-8230. Phone 525/251-1336.

A few remaining full sets of eight issues of

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magazine

are

currently available for USS50/GBP30

per

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induding

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Some

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order

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The Manual

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is now available to working group members for 2 )l1o off of the

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Express, check)

is

required for orders from home addresses.

Purchase orderslbilling are available for businesses . f you are

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Fax: 617/279-4851. You must mention that you are a working

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7

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8/8

Holoprinter

continued

from

page

1

horizontal stretch of the two component image

sets that reconstruct

at

wavelengths shorter than

the recording wavelength.

Current state

of the

Figure 2a n

example

of perspective

surface images of

the head

.

art is a full-color, one-step, 10 x 8-inch, reflec

tion, image-plane, holograph ic

stereogram with

an 68

horizontal view

zone produced with

a

single-wavelength laser.

At the Imaging Science and Engineering

Laboratory

at

the Tokyo Institute

of

Techno

logy, researchers

have been working on

a sys

tem which

uses three

wavelengths instead

of

one to encode color.'The

optical system

used,

shown in Fig. 1 (see

page

I),

has

similarities to

a system

devised at the

Universityof Dayton,4

in

that

it

uses a lenticul ar

sheet

to

broaden the

final

view zone

of

he hologram.Thestereo-slit

width

used is 2mm, but the slit is

moved by

only

O.5mm

between

frames.

Thus, each

0.

5mm slit

has

been exposed four

times

which helps

both

image

continuity and prevents

the hologram

from appearing to be covered

with

lines. A total

of 400 such frames is exposed, resulting

in

a

final

hologram has

a

60 viewing

anglo. This

system uses pre-distortion

of

the stereogram

data (Fig. 2) in order to compensate for wave

length dispersion

and

illumination

source

size.

S

6

Figure 2b An image

which

has been

pre

distortsd

us

ing Tokyo

Institute

of

Technology s image

processing technique

References

I . UUltngram: a generalized holographic stereogram:'

SPIE Proc. Vol. 1461. 1991.

2 Full color

Ultngrsms.

SPIE Proc, Vol. 1667, to

be published July 1992.

3. uOno-step Lippmann Holographic Stereogram."

SPIE Proc. Vol

1667, to be published July 1992.

4. L Huff, R. L Fulck, ''Color holographic l .ereo

graml," Optical E ,iMcri Vol. 19 No.5. 1980.

5. "Image proceasing technique for arbitruy image

positioning

in

holographic ltereogram," Opt. CO .,

Vol. 80, 1990.

6. "Large one-step holographic stereogram." SPlE

Proc. Vol. /46/,1991.

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P.o. Box

10

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98227 ()()10 USA

ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED

D TED M TERI L

tribute to

Weitzen

Until 1990,

Edward

Weitzen was

CEO

of

In

national Banknote Company, which he joi

in 1968. and the leader of the American B

Note and

ABN

Holographies subsidiaries.

der his leadership, ABNH became the lar

mass

producer

of holograms

in

the world.

Weitzen put ABNH together

in

1981 (or

nally retaining the name

of

Eidetic Images f

an

acquiredcompany)

in order

to implemen

ideas for

using holograms

on security do

ments.

This concept was

visionary becau

except for highly

technical applications.

holography

field was

quite

dormant and

glected Several million dollars were spen

Weitzen's project., and

many

derisive arti

were

written about

it. But his conviction

inspiration led to the creation

of

accepta

images in

mass-production. Weitzen sold

ideas to

MasterCard

and

VISA

(and late

NatioTUlI

Geographic

magazine),

creatin

public

awareness of holography.

Weitzen was extreme ly considerate and g

erous in

dealing

with

his colleagues and su

dinates, and above

all,

he was very hon

Unfortunately,

holography

entrepreneurs o

regarded him as wlfairly attempting to ben

from his acquisition

of

the original Leith

Upatnieks patents.

In

fact., Weitzen resi

enforcement

of

patents by

his lieutenants,

ticularly against individual holographers.

Ed

Weitzen

will

be

most remembered

fo

pioneering work in establishing a commer

holography

industry. The holography com

nity

h s benefitted immeasurably from

achievement., and we are indebted to him.

EDWARD H

WEITZEN

died

30

Septem

1991

Ken Haines

Simian Co.

Non-Profit Or

U.S. Postage P

Society

of

Photo-Optica

Instrumentati

Engineers

Documents

Holography.vol2.No2(8pages)