The Pensionado And Carnival Architects

Juan Marcos G. Arellano (b. 25 April 1888/ d. 5 Dec. 1960)

• Tondo-born child of Luis Arellano and Bartola de Guzman

• Married Naty Ocampo on May 15, 1915.

• He had three children, Oscar, Juanita and Cesar.

• His first interest was painting, studying under Fabian de la Rosa and Lorenzo Guerrero.

• After graduating from Ateneo in 1908, he pursued architecture as a government scholar at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in 1911, before finishing his course at Drexel Institute

• Trained in Beaux Arts, Arellano worked briefly in New York before his return to to the Philippines. In 1922, he was named as the chief architect of the Manila Carnival.

• He later joined the Bureau of Public WorksHe and Tomás Mapúa were then named as supervising architects. In 1927, he took a study leave and went to the United States ,where he oversaw the production of the Manila's first zoning plan

• Arellano retired in 1956 and went back to painting. In 1960, he exhibited his work at the Manila YMCA.

• He died at the age of 72 on December 5, 1960.

Works

- the Metropolitan Theater in 1935- the Jones Bridge- Legislative Building (1926),- the Manila Central Post Office Building (1926), - the Bank of the Philippine Islands - Cebu Provincial Capitol (1937)- Malcolm Hall of the University of the Philippines

- - the U.S. Embassy- National Museum of the Philippines- Jaro Municipal Building

Center for West Visayan Studies and Museum- UP Visayas - Cebu Provincial Capitol

Style :

- Neoclassic - Greco-Roman- Art Deco

• Carlos Barretto holds the distinction as the first pensionado architect, having graduated three years earlier than Mapua, earning his degree in 1908 from the prestigious Drexel University in Philadelphia.

• He was the second (after Mapua) to be officially registered as an architect in 1921, as required by law that was passed by the National Assembly that year, one of 22 Filipinos.

WORKS :

• Barretto designed the Carnival infrastructures of 1935.

• After the Liberation, a group of Filipino architects that included Barretto, organized themselves into the Philippine Institute of Architects which proved to be of great help to the Philippines’ post-war recovery.

STYLE :

ART DECO

Antonio Toledo

• Along with Carlos Baretto, Juan Arellano, and Tomas Mapua, Antonio Toledo was one of the first and the youngest pensionado for Architecture

• He graduated with the Degree of Architecture at Ohio State in 1911

• He started working for the Bureau of Public Works to work as a draftsman for William Parsons in 1911

• He was promoted to supervising Architect in 1915 and became the Consulting

Architect in 1938 until his retirement in 1954

• As the consulting Architect of the Bureau of Public Works that time, he was sent by the government under President Roxas in a study mission to study the current trends in Architecture and Engineering for the planning of the new Capital City

• He was one of the pioneer professors of Mapua Institute of Technology founded by his fellow pensionado Tomas Mapua and taught there until 1967

• He made buildings for the Burnham Plan that evokes the Manifest Destiny maxim of

America in its colony in the Orient

AWARD:

Philippine Institute of Architects Gold Medal of Merit Award, 1961

WORKS:

National Museum of the Philippines Leyte Provincial Capitol Manila City Hall Cebu Provincial Capitol Bureau of Customs Department of Tourism Building

STYLE :

Being educated in the US East Coast, he was influenced in the Neoclassical and Beaux Arts styles and his outputs leaned towards these architectural designs, which are evident in all of his major works for the Bureau of Public Works

Antonio Toledo was a master of the Neoclassic style and was among the first architect educators.

Arcadio Arellano (13 November 1872 – 20 April 1920)

• Arellano was born on 13 November 1872 in Tondo, Manila.

• He was the third child in a brood of fifteen children..

• In 1892, he received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. He took further courses in business and maestro de obras (construction foreman) from the Escuela de Artes y Oficios where he graduated in 1895.

• He was married to Amalia Ocampo, They had nine children, namely: Luis, Araceli, Natividad, Irma, Friné, Arturo, Raul, Otilio, and Elsa.

• He died on 20 April 1920.

• a consultant to Don Juan Hervas, the Spanish consulting architect, from 1887 to 1883.

• Arellano also supervised the assessments in Intramuros, Manila as ordered by the Schurman Commission.

• By 1901, he became technical director of general assessment for the whole city. He was also able to work closely with Governor W. H. Taft as his private consulting architect.

• was the first Filipino to be employed by the Americans as one of their architectural advisors.

WORKS:

• “El 82”• The former Hotel de Francia• Carmelo & Bauermann building• Gota de Leche on Lepanto Street• Casino Español on Taft Avenue• Mausoleum of the veterans of the Revolution• Legarda crypt at North Cemetery• Franciscan Church at Pinaglabanan, San Juan

• His earliest works give a hint of his Spanish exposure but his mausoleum for the Revolutionary Veterans gives us the hint that Neoclassical Architecture is already starting to define the style of architecture in Manila at that time

Tomas Arguelles (1860-1950)

• a member of the Board of Directors of Arquitectura y Agrimensura de Filipinas, the first professional organization of Architects and Engineers founded in 1902

• During the Philippine Revolution, he became a commander of the main body of Filipino Engineers in the Revolutionary Army

• He started his career in Engineering during the last years of the Spanish Period

• He was an inspector of roads for the Street Car company from 1884 to 1892 and the Manila Railroad Company from 1892-1896

• Tomas Arguelles was known as a public administrator who advocated the enforcement of the Building Code of Manila

STYLE :

ART DECO

He practiced at the time where Art Deco is also getting popular in Manila, popular enough to challenge the dominance of the Neoclassic and Beaux Arts.

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