HIV / AIDS IN KENYA

00002-E-1 – 1 December 2000

HIV / AIDS IN KENYA

IMPACT OF THE EPIDEMIC

DR. MOHAMED S. ABDULLAH

CHAIRMAN

NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL COUNCIL

00002-E-2 – 1 December 2000

Children (<15 years) estimated to be living Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000

Western Europe4 1004 100

North Africa & Middle East

16 00016 000Sub-Saharan

Africa1.5 million1.5 million

Eastern Europe &Central Asia15 00015 000

East Asia & Pacific7 2007 200South

& South-East Asia210 000210 000

Australia & New Zealand

< 200< 200

North America11 00011 000

Caribbean11 00011 000

Latin America30 00030 000

Total: 2.0 millionTotal: 2.0 million

00002-E-3 – 1 December 2000

Estimated adult and child deaths Estimated adult and child deaths from HIV/AIDS during 2000from HIV/AIDS during 2000





Eastern Europe &Central Asia14 00014 000 East Asia & Pacific

25 00025 000South & South-East Asia

470 000470 000


< 500< 500





00002-E-4 – 1 December 2000

Adults and children estimated to be living Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000





Eastern Europe & Central Asia700 000700 000

South & South-East Asia

5.8 million5.8 millionAustralia & New Zealand

15 00015 000


Caribbean390 000390 000

Latin America1.4 million1.4 million


East Asia & Pacific640 000640 000

00002-E-5 – 1 December 2000

Estimated deaths in children Estimated deaths in children (<15 years)(<15 years) from HIV/AIDS during 2000from HIV/AIDS during 2000

Western Europe< 100< 100



Africa500 000500 000

Eastern Europe &Central Asia< 500< 500

East Asia & Pacific1 0001 000South

& South-East Asia40 00040 000


< 100< 100

North America< 100< 100

Caribbean3 1003 100


Total: 600 000Total: 600 000

00002-E-6 – 1 December 2000

Estimated number of adults and childrenEstimated number of adults and childrennewly infected with HIV during 2000newly infected with HIV during 2000





Eastern Europe &Central Asia250 000250 000East Asia & Pacific


780 000780 000Australia & New Zealand

500500





00002-E-7 – 1 December 2000

Estimated number of children Estimated number of children (<15 years)(<15 years) newly infected with HIV during 2000newly infected with HIV during 2000

Western Europe< 500< 500



Africa620 000620 000

Eastern Europe &Central Asia600600 East Asia & Pacific



< 100< 100

North America< 500< 500

Caribbean4 2004 200


Total: 800 000Total: 800 000

00002-E-8 – 1 December 2000

Cumulative number of children estimated to have Cumulative number of children estimated to have been orphaned by AIDS* at age 14 or youngerbeen orphaned by AIDS* at age 14 or younger

at the end of 1999at the end of 1999





Eastern Europe &Central Asia 500500 East Asia & Pacific



< 500< 500




Total: 15.2 millionTotal: 15.2 million * HIV-negative children who have lost their mother or both parents to AIDS before the age of 15 years

00002-E-9 – 1 December 2000

IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA

Demographic Impact Highest sero-prevalence in women is between 25-29 years

Highest sero-prevalence in men is between 30-39 years

Women five times more infected than men (15-19 years age group)

More than one million orphans generated by epidemic

More than 2.2 million Kenyans infected at present

00002-E-10 – 1 December 2000


Demographic Impact Life expectancy: 52 years from 64 years

Infant mortality rate: 74 from 53

Child mortality rate: 113 from 92 Maternal mortality: 650 from 240

00002-E-11 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Education Skilled and experienced teachers are dying

Significant others are alive but incapacitated

Newly trained teachers are reduced by illness and death.

Production has either stagnated or even reduced

Teaching, research production, national develop planning affected

Leadership in implementation of strategies affected

00002-E-12 – 1 December 2000


Impact in EducationLarge numbers of children are kept out of school because:

they are needed to help at home,

they have to care for sick family members

they have to work to increase the family income.

families cannot afford school fees

00002-E-13 – 1 December 2000


Impact on Children Increased proportion of vulnerable children

Increased incidence of child labour.

House holds are headed by children

No support from the state or family around them.

Rising rates of child sexual abuse

00002-E-14 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Agriculture Agriculture is the primary economic sector of Kenya

Engages about 74% of the labour force

Accounts for 24.5% per cent of gross domestic product.

Main production of food either for themselves or for the country

A threat to the country’s food security

Fertile lands of families remain idle shortage of agricultural labour

Loss of skills and experience in large & small scale farming

00002-E-15 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Health Increases number of people seeking health services

it increases demand on health care providers

Increases demand on health facilities

increases need for human resource production

it increases the overall cost of health care in the country.

00002-E-16 – 1 December 2000

IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA The Dilema treating AIDS versus preventing HIV infection

treating AIDS versus treating other illnesses

spending on health versus spending on other demanding public services

skilled health personnel have died, Replacing them Vs Other cadre

Many are rendered incapable of further service, but need the income

direct cost of treating a new AIDS patient at Kshs.45,680,

indirect costs amount to Kshs 638,560

access to and quality of health care have worsened

00002-E-17 – 1 December 2000


Industrial Sector Industrial Sector accounts for 13.3% of GDP

Frequency of absenteeism increased

Expenditures on illness and death have increased

52 per cent of total costs are HIV/AIDS-related costs.

00002-E-18 – 1 December 2000


Industrial Sector loss of skilled manpower,

demand for manufactured products has reduced

industrial sector economically vulnerable.

per capita expenditure on health is $ 9 per year.

Cost per employee is $ 30 per year.

informal sector 47.4% of the GDP also affected

00002-E-19 – 1 December 2000


Social Impact survivors are dependants left without economic support

epidemic has overwhelmed traditional systems of adoption

OVC without a steady resource base.

early teens heading households,

Children & Women are on the streets

increased crime rates

Increased psychologic and spiritual needs.

traumatic effects of bereavement

00002-E-20 – 1 December 2000


Presidents Statement:“AIDS is not just a serious threat to our social and economic

development, it is a real threat to our very existence… AIDS has reduced many families to the status of beggars… no family in Kenya remains untouched by the suffering and death caused by AIDS… the real solution of the spread of AIDS lies with each and everyone of us”

00002-E-21 – 1 December 2000


Government Accelerated Intervention:

- Declaration of AIDS as a national disaster- Formation of the National AIDS Control Council- Formulation of the National Strategic Plan- Formation of a comprehensive Institutional Framework- Formulation of Legal Framework and Policy Guidelines- Allocation of Dedicated Resources for HIV/AIDS- Enhancement of Political Commitment

00002-E-22 – 1 December 2000


Priority Interventions

Advocacy for Prevention Treatment, Continuum of Care and Support Mitigation of Socio-Economic Impacts Monitoring, Evaluation and Research Effective Management and Coordination of the National

Response

Documents

HIV / AIDS IN KENYA