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History of the Atom

History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

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Aristotle Said that all substances are composed of four elements: Earth, Wind, Fire, and Water.

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Page 1: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

History of the Atom

Page 2: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Democritus (400 BC)

• Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles.

• Gr. atomos

Page 3: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Aristotle

• Said that all substances are composed of four elements: Earth, Wind, Fire, and Water.

Page 4: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

John Dalton (1803 AD)• the first coherent atomic theory

• Matter is composed of small particles called atoms.

• All atoms of an element are identical.

• During chemical reactions, atoms are neither created nor destroyed, but are simply rearranged.

Page 5: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

J.J. Thompson (1897 AD)

• Used cathode rays to calculate the atomic mass of atoms.

Page 6: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Cathode Ray Tube Experiment

Page 7: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Ernest Rutherford (1910 AD)

• alpha particles (He nuclei) were shot at a thin piece of gold foil.

• most of the particles passed through the foil with little or no deflection, some were deflected to a great degree.

Page 8: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Gold Foil Experiment

Page 9: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Isotopes

Page 10: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Radioactive Decay

Page 11: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

C14 Decay

Page 12: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Carbon Dating

Page 13: History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos

Carbon Dating VideoClick on the picture above to view.

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/11224-carbon-dating-video.htm

NOTES 4 – Atomic Structure. The Idea of the Atom Democritus (~400 BC) Democritus (~400 BC) Greek philosopherGreek philosopher “All matter is made of tiny,

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