History of Internet in Africa

By

Nii Quaynor

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ICT Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Outline Introduction African Connectivity African ccTLDs African IXPs African Governance Institutions Conclusion

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Approach Countries as the object Study is largely based on publicly available

information May be approximate in some cases NSRC a very useful source

Relates geographic space and time Produced by an independent consulting

assistant who deserves the credit for this style of visualization AfTLD secretariat, AfNOG, AfriNIC and AfREN

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

Connectivity in Africa

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

African ccTLDs

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

Africa IXPs

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

Internet Exchange Points in Africa

Country Name IXP

City Peering

1 Angola ANG-IXP Luanda 2 Botswana BIXP Gabaronne 3 DR Congo KINIX Kinshasa

4 Egypt CAI-IX Cairo 5 Egypt CR-IX Cairo 6 Ghana GIX Accra 7 Ghana AIX Accra 8 Kenya KIXP Nairobi

9 Mozambique MozIX Maputo

10 Mauritius MIXP Port Loius 11 Nigeria IBIX Ibadan 12 Nigeria NIXP Lagos 13 Rwanda RINEX Kigali 14 South Africa GINX Grahamtown 15 South Africa JINX Johannesburg

16 Swaziland SZIX Mbabane 17 Tanzania TIX Dar es Salam 18 Tanzania AIXP Arusha

19 Uganda UIXP Kampala

Key 1-5 6-10 11-15 16 – 25

26+

African Governance Institutions

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

INET

AfriNIC

AfNOG

AfTLD

INET '93

INET '94

INET '95

IGF in Cotonu

ICANN BOARD

Formal Proposal

AfriNIC 1

ICANN Recog.

INET Africa

'08

AfriNIC 08

IncorpMauritius

APTLD Host

NewBoard

2nd ccTLD Event

1st Nii

Quaynor

AfNOG09

AfNOG 01

CurrentKatim Tourey

AfTLD – Africa Top Level Domain

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Development AfTLD incorporated as Company by Guarantee in

Mauritius -2002 Board

Yan Kwok

Board Expanded in 2003 Nii Quaynor Brian Longwe

APTLD Request Hosting AfTLD person for training -2003 Eric Akimiah from .gh – Three Months in Bangkok, Thailand

Marrakesh AfTLD Meeting – 2006 Board Expanded to include 8 members

.za, .mw., .sd, .ke, .bi, .br, .mg, .eg

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Renewal From Marrakesh

First AfTLD ccTLD Event in 2007 – Cairo, Egypt Hosted by Egypt’s National Telecommunication Regulatory

Authority Second AfTLD ccTLD Event in 2008 – Johannesburg, SA

Hosted by Department of Communication (DOC) Third AfTLD ccTLD Event in 2009 – Arusha, Tanzania

Hosted by Tanzania Network Information Centre tzNIC ccTLD Training Workshops

Francophone West Africa ccTLD Workshop in the offering Secretariat in Accra Managed by Eric Akumiah, General

Manager of AfTLD Currently 17 formal members

AfriNIC

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity

AfNOG – Africa Network Operators Group

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s Capacity04/21/2310 years of building Africa's capacity27

Outreach

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Trained over 1,000 Internet engineers Many from Educational and research institutions, govt and civil

society

Former students are now instructors Building new curriculum based on needs in the African

region New tracks progressively added to cater for training

needs

Achievements

04/21/232810 years of building Africa's capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Achievements

04/21/232910 years of building Africa's capacity

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

AfREN Collaboration formalised through MoU First meeting in Nairobi during AfNOG7/AfriNIC4

(May 2006) Objective: collaboration to address specific needs

of academic and research community Strong support from IDRC and NSRC AfREN not an organisation, but a forum used as

platform for collaboration among African research and education networking community and between this community and the international REN community

Focus on campus networks and research and education networking

Joint initiative of AAU, AfNOG and AfriNIC

AfNOG 10 Years of Building Africa’s ict Capacity

Conclusion It’s a 10 year history (fast) Lots of contributors