5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 1/19

Intel Corporation

The current logo, used since December 2005.

Headquarters in Santa Clara, California

Type Public

Traded as NASDAQ: INTC(http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/intc)Dow Jones Industrial AverageComponentNASDAQ­100 ComponentS&P 500 Component

Industry Semiconductors

Founded July 18, 1968

Founder Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce

Headquarters Santa Clara, California, U.S.[1]

Area served Worldwide

Key people Andy Bryant(Chairman)Brian Krzanich(CEO)Renée James(President)

Products Bluetooth chipsets, flash memory,microprocessors, motherboardchipsets, network interface cards,mobile phones, solid state drives,processors

Revenue US$ 55.870 billion (2014)[2]

Operatingincome

US$ 15.201 billion (2014)[2]

Net income US$ 11.704 billion (2014)[2]

Total assets US$ 91.956 billion (2014)[2]

Total equity US$ 55.865 billion (2014)[2]

Number ofemployees

106,700 (2014)[3]

Slogan Look Inside.

Website www.intel.com(http://www.intel.com)

IntelFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California. Intel is one ofthe world's largest and highest valued semiconductor chip makers, based on revenue.[4] It is the inventor of the x86series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers.

Intel Corporation, founded on July 18, 1968, is a portmanteau of Integrated Electronics (the fact that "intel" is theterm for intelligence information also made the name appropriate).[5] Intel also makes motherboard chipsets, networkinterface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic chips, embedded processors and other devicesrelated to communications and computing. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore andwidely associated with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip designcapability with a leading­edge manufacturing capability. Though Intel was originally known primarily to engineersand technologists, its "Intel Inside" advertising campaign of the 1990s made it a household name, along with itsPentium processors.

Intel was an early developer of SRAM and DRAM memory chips, and this represented the majority of its businessuntil 1981. Although Intel created the world's first commercial microprocessor chip in 1971, it was not until thesuccess of the personal computer (PC) that this became its primary business. During the 1990s, Intel invested heavilyin new microprocessor designs fostering the rapid growth of the computer industry. During this period Intel becamethe dominant supplier of microprocessors for PCs, and was known for aggressive and sometimes illegal tactics indefense of its market position, particularly against Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), as well as a struggle withMicrosoft for control over the direction of the PC industry.[6][7]

The 2013 rankings of the world's 100 most valuable brands published by Millward Brown Optimor showed thecompany's brand value at number 61.[8]

Intel has also begun research into electrical transmission and generation.[9][10] Intel has recently introduced a 3­Dtransistor that improves performance and energy efficiency.[11] Intel has begun mass­producing this 3­D transistor,named the Tri­Gate transistor, with their 22 nm process, which is currently used in their 3rd generation coreprocessors initially released on April 29, 2012.[12] In 2011, SpectraWatt Inc., a solar cell spinoff of Intel, filed forbankruptcy under Chapter 11.[13] In June 2013, Intel unveiled its fourth generation of Intel Core processors (Haswell)in an event named Computex in Taipei.[14]

The Open Source Technology Center at Intel hosts PowerTOP and LatencyTOP, and supports other open­sourceprojects such as Wayland, Intel Array Building Blocks, Threading Building Blocks (TBB), and Xen.[15][16]

Contents

1 Corporate history1.1 Origins1.2 Early history1.3 Slowing demand and challenges to dominance1.4 Regaining of momentum1.5 Sale of XScale processor business1.6 Acquisitions

2 Acquisition table2.1 Expansions2.2 Opening up the foundries

3 Product and market history3.1 SRAMS and the microprocessor3.2 From DRAM to microprocessors3.3 Intel, x86 processors, and the IBM PC

3.3.1 386 microprocessor3.3.2 486, Pentium, and Itanium3.3.3 Pentium flaw3.3.4 "Intel Inside" and other 1990s programs

3.4 Solid­state drives (SSD)3.5 Supercomputers3.6 Competition, antitrust and espionage3.7 Partnership with Apple3.8 Core 2 Duo advertisement controversy3.9 Classmate PC3.10 Mobile processor3.11 Server chips3.12 22 nm processors3.13 Personal Office Energy Monitor (POEM)3.14 IT Manager 3: Unseen Forces3.15 Car Security System3.16 High­Bandwidth Digital Content Protection3.17 Move from Wintel desktop to open mobile platforms3.18 Wearable fashion

4 Corporate affairs4.1 Leadership and corporate structure

Coordinates: 37°23′16.54″N 121°57′48.74″W

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 2/19

Andy Grove, Robert Noyceand Gordon Moore (1978)

The old Intel logo used from July 18,1968, until December 2005

Federico Faggin, the designer ofIntel 4004.

4.2 Employment4.2.1 Diversity

4.3 Economic impact4.4 School funding4.5 Ultrabook fund4.6 Finances4.7 Advertising and brand management

4.7.1 Intel Inside4.7.2 Sonic logo4.7.3 Naming strategy

4.8 Open source support4.9 Corporate responsibility record4.10 Religious controversy4.11 Age discrimination4.12 Land dispute

5 Competition5.1 Lawsuits5.2 Anti­competitive allegations

5.2.1 Japan5.2.2 European Union5.2.3 South Korea5.2.4 United States

6 Market share7 See also8 References9 External links

Corporate history

Origins

Intel was founded in Mountain View, California in 1968 by Gordon E. Moore (of "Moore's Law" fame), a chemist, and Robert Noyce, aphysicist and co­inventor of the integrated circuit. Arthur Rock (investor and venture capitalist) helped them find investors, while MaxPalevsky was on the board from an early stage.[17] Moore and Noyce had left Fairchild Semiconductor to found Intel. Rock was not anemployee, but he was an investor and was chairman of the board.[18][19] The total initial investment in Intel was $2.5 million convertibledebentures and $10,000 from Rock. Just 2 years later, Intel completed their initial public offering (IPO), raising $6.8 million ($23.50 pershare).[18] Intel's third employee was Andy Grove,[20] a chemical engineer, who later ran the company through much of the 1980s and thehigh­growth 1990s.

In deciding on a name, Moore and Noyce quickly rejected "Moore Noyce",[21] homophone for "more noise" – an ill­suited name for anelectronics company, since noise in electronics is usually very undesirable and typically associated with bad interference. Instead they usedthe name NM Electronics before renaming their company Integrated Electronics or "Intel" for short.[22] Since "Intel" was alreadytrademarked by the hotel chain Intelco, they had to buy the rights for the name.[18][23]

Early history

At its founding, Intel was distinguished by its ability to make semiconductors. Its first product, in 1969, was the 3101 SchottkyTTL bipolar 64­bit static random­access memory (SRAM), which was nearly twice as fast as earlier Schottky diodeimplementations by Fairchild and the Electrotechnical Laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan.[24][25] In the same year Intel also producedthe 3301 Schottky bipolar 1024­bit read­only memory (ROM)[26] and the first commercial metal–oxide–semiconductor field­effecttransistor (MOSFET) silicon gate SRAM chip, the 256­bit 1101.[18][27][28] Intel's business grew during the 1970s as it expanded andimproved its manufacturing processes and produced a wider range of products, still dominated by various memory devices.

While Intel created the first commercially available microprocessor (Intel 4004) in 1971[18] and one of the first microcomputers in1972,[27][29] by the early 1980s its business was dominated by dynamic random­access memory chips. However, increasedcompetition from Japanese semiconductor manufacturers had, by 1983, dramatically reduced the profitability of this market. Thegrowing success of the IBM personal computer, based on an Intel microprocessor, was among factors that convinced Gordon Moore(CEO since 1975) to shift the company's focus to microprocessors, and to change fundamental aspects of that business model. Moore'sdecision to sole­source Intel's 386 chip played into the company's continuing success.

By the end of the 1980s, buoyed by its fortuitous position as microprocessor supplier to IBM and IBM's competitors within the rapidlygrowing personal computer market, Intel embarked on a 10­year period of unprecedented growth as the primary (and most profitable)hardware supplier to the PC industry, part of the winning 'Wintel' combination. Moore handed over to Andy Grove in 1987. Bylaunching its Intel Inside marketing campaign in 1991, Intel was able to associate brand loyalty with consumer selection, so that by theend of the 1990s, its line of Pentium processors had become a household name.

Slowing demand and challenges to dominance

After 2000, growth in demand for high­end microprocessors slowed. Competitors, notably AMD (Intel's largest competitor in itsprimary x86 architecture market), garnered significant market share, initially in low­end and mid­range processors but ultimatelyacross the product range, and Intel's dominant position in its core market was greatly reduced.[30] In the early 2000s then­CEO CraigBarrett attempted to diversify the company's business beyond semiconductors, but few of these activities were ultimately successful.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 3/19

Intel had also for a number of years been embroiled in litigation. US law did not initially recognize intellectual property rights related to microprocessor topology (circuitlayouts), until the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984, a law sought by Intel and the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA).[31] During the late 1980s and1990s (after this law was passed), Intel also sued companies that tried to develop competitor chips to the 80386 CPU.[32] The lawsuits were noted to significantly burdenthe competition with legal bills, even if Intel lost the suits.[32] Antitrust allegations had been simmering since the early 1990s and had been the cause of one lawsuit againstIntel in 1991. In 2004 and 2005, AMD brought further claims against Intel related to unfair competition.

In 2005, CEO Paul Otellini reorganized the company to refocus its core processor and chipset business on platforms (enterprise, digital home, digital health, and mobility).In 2013, Intel partnered with Medopad, an enterprise mobile health solution provider to support the deployment of Medopad across the 60+ BMI Healthcare hospitals.[33]

Regaining of momentum

In 2007, Intel unveiled its Core microarchitecture to widespread critical acclaim;[34] the product range was perceived as an exceptional leap in processor performance thatat a stroke regained much of its leadership of the field.[35][36] In 2008, Intel had another "tick," when it introduced the Penryn microarchitecture, which was 45 nm. Laterthat year, Intel released a processor with the Nehalem architecture. Nehalem had positive reviews.[37]

Sale of XScale processor business

On June 27, 2006, the sale of Intel's XScale assets was announced. Intel agreed to sell the XScale processor business to Marvell Technology Group for an estimated$600 million and the assumption of unspecified liabilities. The move was intended to permit Intel to focus its resources on its core x86 and server businesses, and theacquisition completed on November 9, 2006.[38]

Acquisitions

On August 19, 2010, Intel announced that it planned to purchase McAfee, a manufacturer of computer security technology. The purchase price was $7.68 billion, and thecompanies said that if the deal were approved, new products would be released early in 2011.[39] On January 26, 2011, the European Union approved the acquisition, afterIntel agreed to provide rival security firms with all necessary information that would allow their products to use Intel's chips and personal computers.[40] After theacquisition, Intel had about 90,000 employees, including about 12,000 software engineers.[41]

On August 30, 2010, Intel and Infineon Technologies announced that Intel would acquire Infineon's Wireless Solutions business.[42] Intel planned to use Infineon'stechnology in laptops, smart phones, netbooks, tablets and embedded computers in consumer products, eventually integrating its wireless modem into Intel's siliconchips.[43]

In March 2011, Intel bought most of the assets of Cairo­based SySDSoft.[44]

In July 2011, Intel announced that it had agreed to acquire Fulcrum Microsystems Inc., a company specializing in network switches.[45] The company was previouslyincluded on the EE Times list of 60 Emerging Startups.[45]

On October 1, 2011, Intel reached a deal to acquire Telmap, an Israeli­based navigation software company. The purchase price was not disclosed, but Israeli mediareported values around $300 million to $350 million.[46]

In July 2012, Intel Corporation agreed to buy 10 percent shares of ASML Holding NV for $2.1 billion and another $1 billon for 5 percent shares that need shareholderapproval to fund relevant research and development efforts, as part of a EUR3.3 billion ($4.1 billion) deal to accelerate the development of 450­millimeter wafertechnology and extreme ultra­violet lithography by as much as two years.[47]

In July 2013, Intel confirmed the acquisition of Omek Interactive, an Israeli company that makes technology for gesture­based interfaces, without disclosing the monetaryvalue of the deal. An official statement from Intel read: "The acquisition of Omek Interactive will help increase Intel's capabilities in the delivery of more immersiveperceptual computing experiences." One report estimated the value of the acquisition between US$30 million and $50 million.[48]

The acquisition of a Spanish natural language recognition startup named Indisys was announced on September 13, 2013. The terms of the deal were not disclosed but anemail from an Intel representative stated: "Intel has acquired Indisys, a privately held company based in Seville, Spain. The majority of Indisys employees joined Intel. Wesigned the agreement to acquire the company on May 31 and the deal has been completed." Indysis explains that its artificial intelligence (AI) technology "is a humanimage, which converses fluently and with common sense in multiple languages and also works in different platforms."[49]

In December 2014, Intel bought PasswordBox.[50]

In January 2015, Intel purchased a 30% stake in Vuzix, a smart glasses manufacturer. The deal was worth $24.8 million.[51]

In February 2015, Intel announced its agreement to purchase German network chipmaker Lantiq, to aid in its expansion of its range of chips in devices with Internetconnection capability.[52]

Acquisition table

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 4/19

Number Acquisitiondate Company Business Country Price Used as or integrated with Ref(s).

1 June 4, 2009 Wind River Systems Embedded Systems US $884M Software [53]

2 August 19, 2010 McAfee Security US $7.6B Software [54]

3 August 30, 2010 Infineon Wireless Germany $1.4B Mobile CPUs [55]

4 March 17, 2011 Silicon Hive DSP Netherlands N/A Mobile CPUs [56]

5 September 29, 2011 Telmap Software Israel N/A Location Services [57]

6 April 13, 2013 Mashery Cloud Software US $180M Software [58]

7 May 3, 2013 Aepona SDN Ireland N/A Software [59]

8 May 6, 2013 Stonesoft Corporation Security Finland $389M Software [60]

9 July 16, 2013 Omek Interactive Gesture Israel N/A Software [48]

10 September 13, 2013 Indisys Natural language processing Spain N/A Software [49]

11 March 25, 2014 BASIS Wearable US N/A New Devices [61]

12 August 13, 2014 Avago Technologies Semiconductor US N/A Communications Processors [62]

13 December 1, 2014 PasswordBox Security Canada N/A Software [63]

14 January 5, 2015 Vuzix Wearable US $24.8M New Devices [64]

Expansions

In 2008, Intel spun off key assets of a solar startup business effort to form an independent company, SpectraWatt Inc. However, as of 2011, SpectraWatt has filed forbankruptcy.[13]

In February 2011, Intel announced plans to build a new microprocessor manufacturing facility in Chandler, Arizona, which is expected to be completed in 2013, at a costof $5 billion.[65] It will accommodate 4,000 employees. The company produces three­quarters of their products in the United States, although three­quarters of theirrevenue comes from overseas.[66]

In April 2011, Intel began a pilot project with ZTE Corporation to produce smartphones using the Intel Atom processor for China's domestic market. This project isintended to challenge the domination of ARM processors in mobile phones.[67]

In December 2011, Intel announced that it reorganized several of its business units to form a new mobile and communications group.[68] This group will be responsible forthe company's smartphone, tablet and wireless efforts, and will be headed by Hermann Eul and Mike Bell.

Opening up the foundries

Finding itself with excess fab capacity after the failure of the Ultrabook to gain market traction and with PC sales declining, in 2013 Intel reached a foundry agreement toproduce chips for Altera using 14­nm process. General Manager of Intel's custom foundry division Sunit Rikhi indicated that Intel would pursue further such deals in thefuture.[69] This was after poor sales of Windows 8 hardware caused a major retrenchment for most of the major semiconductor manufacturers, except for Qualcomm,which continued to see healthy purchases from its largest customer, Apple.[70]

As of July 2013, five companies were using Intel's fabs via the Intel Custom Foundry division: Achronix, Tabula, Netronome, Microsemi, and Altera—most are Field­programmable gate array (FPGA) makers, but Netronome designs network processors. Only Achronix began shipping chips made by Intel using the 22­nm Tri­Gateprocess.[71][72] Several other customers also exist but were not announced at the time.[73]

The Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI) was launched in October 2013 and Intel is part of the coalition of public and private organisations that also includesFacebook, Google, and Microsoft. Led by Sir Tim Berners­Lee, the A4AI seeks to make Internet access more affordable so that access is broadened in the developingworld, where only 31% of people are online. Google will help to decrease internet access prices so that they fall below the UN Broadband Commission's worldwide targetof 5% of monthly income.[74]

Product and market history

SRAMS and the microprocessor

Intel's first products were shift register memory and random­access memory integrated circuits, and Intel grew to be a leader in the fiercely competitive DRAM, SRAM,and ROM markets throughout the 1970s. Concurrently, Intel engineers Marcian Hoff, Federico Faggin, Stanley Mazor and Masatoshi Shima invented Intel's firstmicroprocessor. Originally developed for the Japanese company Busicom to replace a number of ASICs in a calculator already produced by Busicom, the Intel 4004 wasintroduced to the mass market on November 15, 1971, though the microprocessor did not become the core of Intel's business until the mid­1980s. (Note: Intel is usuallygiven credit with Texas Instruments for the almost­simultaneous invention of the microprocessor)

From DRAM to microprocessors

In 1983, at the dawn of the personal computer era, Intel's profits came under increased pressure from Japanese memory­chip manufacturers, and then­president AndyGrove focused the company on microprocessors. Grove described this transition in the book Only the Paranoid Survive. A key element of his plan was the notion, thenconsidered radical, of becoming the single source for successors to the popular 8086 microprocessor.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 5/19

The die from an Intel 8742, an 8­bitmicrocontroller that includes a CPUrunning at 12 MHz, 128 bytes ofRAM, 2048 bytes of EPROM, and I/Oin the same chip.

Until then, the manufacture of complex integrated circuits was not reliable enough for customers to depend on a single supplier, but Grove began producing processors inthree geographically distinct factories, and ceased licensing the chip designs to competitors such as Zilog and AMD. When the PC industry boomed in the late 1980s and1990s, Intel was one of the primary beneficiaries.

Intel, x86 processors, and the IBM PC

Despite the ultimate importance of the microprocessor, the 4004 and its successors the 8008 and the 8080 were never majorrevenue contributors at Intel. As the next processor, the 8086 (and its variant the 8088) was completed in 1978, Intel embarked ona major marketing and sales campaign for that chip nicknamed "Operation Crush", and intended to win as many customers for theprocessor as possible. One design win was the newly created IBM PC division, though the importance of this was not fullyrealized at the time.

IBM introduced its personal computer in 1981, and it was rapidly successful. In 1982, Intel created the 80286 microprocessor,which, two years later, was used in the IBM PC/AT. Compaq, the first IBM PC "clone" manufacturer, produced a desktop systembased on the faster 80286 processor in 1985 and in 1986 quickly followed with the first 80386­based system, beating IBM andestablishing a competitive market for PC­compatible systems and setting up Intel as a key component supplier.

In 1975, the company had started a project to develop a highly advanced 32­bit microprocessor, finally released in 1981 as theIntel iAPX 432. The project was too ambitious and the processor was never able to meet its performance objectives, and it failedin the marketplace. Intel extended the x86 architecture to 32 bits instead.[75][76]

386 microprocessor

During this period Andrew Grove dramatically redirected the company, closing much of its DRAM business and directing resources to the microprocessor business. Ofperhaps greater importance was his decision to "single­source" the 386 microprocessor. Prior to this, microprocessor manufacturing was in its infancy, and manufacturingproblems frequently reduced or stopped production, interrupting supplies to customers. To mitigate this risk, these customers typically insisted that multiple manufacturersproduce chips they could use to ensure a consistent supply. The 8080 and 8086­series microprocessors were produced by several companies, notably AMD. Grove madethe decision not to license the 386 design to other manufacturers, instead producing it in three geographically distinct factories: Santa Clara, California; Hillsboro, Oregon;and Chandler, a suburb of Phoenix, Arizona. He convinced customers that this would ensure consistent delivery. As the success of Compaq's Deskpro 386 established the386 as the dominant CPU choice, Intel achieved a position of near­exclusive dominance as its supplier. Profits from this funded rapid development of both higher­performance chip designs and higher­performance manufacturing capabilities, propelling Intel to a position of unquestioned leadership by the early 1990s.

486, Pentium, and Itanium

Intel introduced the 486 microprocessor in 1989, and in 1990 formally established a second design team, designing the processors code­named "P5" and "P6" in paralleland committing to a major new processor every two years, versus the four or more years such designs had previously taken. Engineers Vinod Dham and RajeevChandrasekhar (Member of Parliament, India) were key figures on the core team that invented the 486 chip and later, Intel's signature Pentium chip. The P5 was earlierknown as "Operation Bicycle," referring to the cycles of the processor. The P5 was introduced in 1993 as the Intel Pentium, substituting a registered trademark name forthe former part number (numbers, such as 486, are hard to register as a trademark). The P6 followed in 1995 as the Pentium Pro and improved into the Pentium II in 1997.New architectures were developed alternately in Santa Clara, California and Hillsboro, Oregon.

The Santa Clara design team embarked in 1993 on a successor to the x86 architecture, codenamed "P7". The first attempt was dropped a year later, but quickly revived ina cooperative program with Hewlett­Packard engineers, though Intel soon took over primary design responsibility. The resulting implementation of the IA­64 64­bitarchitecture was the Itanium, finally introduced in June 2001. The Itanium's performance running legacy x86 code did not meet expectations, and it failed to competeeffectively with x86­64, which was AMD's 64­bit extensions to the original x86 architecture (Intel uses the name Intel 64, previously EM64T). As of 2012, Intelcontinues to develop and deploy the Itanium; known planning continues into 2014.

The Hillsboro team designed the Willamette processors (initially code­named P68), which were marketed as the Pentium 4.

Pentium flaw

In June 1994, Intel engineers discovered a flaw in the floating­point math subsection of the P5 Pentium microprocessor. Under certain data­dependent conditions, the low­order bits of the result of a floating­point division would be incorrect. The error could compound in subsequent calculations. Intel corrected the error in a future chiprevision.

In October 1994, Thomas Nicely, Professor of Mathematics at Lynchburg College, independently discovered the bug. He contacted Intel, but received no response. OnOctober 30, he posted a message on the Internet.[77] Word of the bug spread quickly and reached the industry press. The bug was easy to replicate; a user could enterspecific numbers into the calculator on the operating system. Consequently, many users did not accept Intel's statements that the error was minor and "not even anerratum." During Thanksgiving, in 1994, The New York Times ran a piece by journalist John Markoff spotlighting the error. Intel changed its position and offered toreplace every chip, quickly putting in place a large end­user support organization. This resulted in a $500 million charge against Intel's 1994 revenue.

The "Pentium flaw" incident, Intel's response to it, and the surrounding media coverage propelled Intel from being a technology supplier generally unknown to mostcomputer users to a household name. Dovetailing with an uptick in the "Intel Inside" campaign, the episode is considered to have been a positive event for Intel, changingsome of its business practices to be more end­user focused and generating substantial public awareness, while avoiding a lasting negative impression.[78]

"Intel Inside" and other 1990s programs

During this period, Intel undertook two major supporting programs. The first is widely known: the 1991 "Intel Inside" marketing and branding campaign. The idea ofingredient branding was new at the time with only Nutrasweet and a few others making attempts to do so.[79] This campaign established Intel, which had been acomponent supplier little­known outside the PC industry, as a household name.

The second program is little­known: Intel's Systems Group began, in the early 1990s, manufacturing PC "motherboards", the main board component of a personalcomputer, and the one into which the processor (CPU) and memory (RAM) chips are plugged.[80] Shortly after, Intel began manufacturing fully configured "white box"systems for the dozens of PC clone companies that rapidly sprang up. At its peak in the mid­1990s, Intel manufactured over 15% of all PCs, making it the third­largestsupplier at the time.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 6/19

An Intel X25­M SSD

During the 1990s, Intel's Architecture Lab (IAL) was responsible for many of the hardware innovations of the personal computer, including the PCI Bus, the PCI Express(PCIe) bus, the Universal Serial Bus (USB). IAL's software efforts met with a more mixed fate; its video and graphics software was important in the development ofsoftware digital video, but later its efforts were largely overshadowed by competition from Microsoft. The competition between Intel and Microsoft was revealed intestimony by IAL Vice­President Steven McGeady at the Microsoft antitrust trial.

Solid­state drives (SSD)

On September 8, 2008, Intel began shipping its first mainstream solid­state drives, the X18­M and X25­M with 80GBand 160GB storage capacities.[81] Reviews measured high performance with these MLC­based drives.[82][83][84][85]Intel released their SLC­based Enterprise X25­E Extreme SSDs on October 15 that same year in capacities of 32GBand 64GB.[86]

In July 2009, Intel refreshed their X25­M and X18­M lines by moving from a 50­nanometer to a 34­nanometerprocess. These new drives, dubbed by the press as the X25­M and X18­M G2[87][88] (or generation 2), reduced pricesby up to 60 percent while offering lower latency and improved performance.[89]

On February 1, 2010, Intel and Micron announced that they were gearing up for production of NAND flash memoryusing a new 25­nanometer process.[90] In March of that same year, Intel entered the budget SSD segment with theirX25­V drives with an initial capacity of 40GB.[91] The SSD 310, Intel's first mSATA drive was released on December2010, providing X25­M G2 performance in a much smaller package.[92][93]

March 2011 saw the introduction of two new SSD lines from Intel. The first, the SSD 510, used a SATA 6 Gigabit per second interface to reach speeds of up to 500MegaBytes per second.[94] The drive, which uses a controller from Marvell Technology Group,[95] was released using 34 nm NAND Flash and came in capacities of120GB and 250GB. The second product announcement, the SSD 320, is the successor to Intel's earlier X25­M. It uses the new 25 nm process that Intel and Micronannounced in 2010, and was released in capacities of 40 GB, 80 GB, 120 GB, 160 GB, 300 GB and 600 GB.[96] Sequential read performance maxes out at 270 MB/s dueto the older SATA 3 Gbit/s interface, and sequential write performance varies greatly based on the size of the drive with sequential write performance of the 40 GB modelpeaking at 45 MB/s and the 600 GB at 220 MB/s.[97]

Micron and Intel announced that they were producing their first 20 nm MLC NAND flash on April 14, 2011.[98]

In February 2012, Intel launched the SSD 520 series solid state drives using the SandForce SF­2200 controller with sequential read and write speeds of 550 and 520 MB/srespectively with random read and write IOPS as high as 80,000. These drives will replace the 510 series.[99] Intel has released the budget 330 series solid state drive in 60,120, and 180GB capacities using 25 nm flash memory and a SandForce controller that have replaced the 320 series.[100][101]

Intel SSDs

Model Codename Capacities (GB) NANDtype Interface Form factor Controller

Seq.read/writeMB/s

Rnd 4KBread/writeIOPS (K)

Introduced Comment /Source

X18­M/X25­

MEphraim 80/160 50 nm

MLCSATA 3Gbit/s 1.8"/2.5" Intel 250 / 70 35 /

3.300–0.35Sept 2008(now EOL)

[81][102]

X25­E Ephraim 32/64 50 nmSLC

SATA 3Gbit/s 2.5" Intel 250 / 170 35 / 3.3 Oct 2008 [86][88]

X18­MG2 /

X25­MG2

Postville 80/120/160 34 nmMLC

SATA 3Gbit/s 1.8"/2.5" Intel 250 / 100 35 / 6.6–

0.3 July 2009 [87][88][103]

X25­V Glenbrook 40 34 nmMLC

SATA 3Gbit/s 2.5" Intel 170 / 35 25 / 2.5–? Mar 2010 [91][104]

310 Soda Creek 40/80 34 nmMLC

SATA 3Gbit/s mSATA Intel 200/70 35/2.6 Dec 2010 [92][105][106]

510 Elmcrest 120/250 34 nmMLC

SATA 6Gbit/s 2.5" Marvell 500/315 20/8 Mar 2011 [94][107]

320 PostvilleRefresh 40/80/120/160/300/600 25 nm

MLCSATA 3Gbit/s 1.8"/2.5" Intel[108] 270/220 39.5/23 Mar 2011

Originally to bereleased Oct2010, namedX18­M G3 &X25­M G3, the1.8" was released

later in2011[88][96][109]

311 LarsenCreek 20 34 nm

SLCSATA 3Gbit/s 2.5"/mSATA Intel 200/105 37/3.3 May 2011

Special lowcapacity SLC

SSD for use withIntel

SRT[110][111][112]

710 Lyndonville 100/200/30025 nmMLC­HET

SATA 3Gbit/s 2.5" Intel 270/210 38.5/2.7 Q3 2011 [113][114]

520 Cherryville 60/120/180/240/480 25 nmMLC

SATA 6Gbit/s 2.5" SandForce 550/520 50/80 February

2012 Replaces 510[99]

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 7/19

313 HawleyCreek

20/24 25 nmSLC

SATA 3Gbit/s

2.5"/mSATA Intel 220/115 36/4 April 2012 Replaces 311; foruse with SRT[115]

330 Maple Crest 60/120/180/240 25 nmMLC

SATA 6Gbit/s 2.5" SandForce 500/450 22.5/33 April 2012 [100][101]

910 Ramsdale 400/80025 nmMLC­HET

PCIe 2.0× 8 PCIe Intel/Hitachi 2000/1000 180/75 April 2012 [116][117]

335 Jay Crest 80/180/240 20 nmMLC

SATA 6Gbit/s 2.5" SandForce 500/450 42/52 October

2012[118][119]

DCS3700 Taylorsville 100/200/400/800

25 nmMLC­HET

SATA 6Gbit/s 1.8"/2.5" Intel 500/450 72/34 November

2012[120][121]

525 LincolnCrest 30/60/120/180/240 25 nm

MLCSATA 6Gbit/s mSATA SandForce 550/520 50/60 January

2013[122][123]

DCS3500 Wolfsville 80/120/160/240/300/400/480/600/800 20 nm

MLCSATA 6Gbit/s 1.8"/2.5" Intel 475/450 75/11.5 June 2013 [124][125]

530 Dale Crest 80/120/180/240/360/480 20 nmMLC

SATA 6Gbit/s M.2/mSATA/2.5" SandForce 540/490 41/80 July 2013 [126][127]

Pro1500 Sierra Star 80/120/180/240/360/480 20 nm

MLCSATA 6Gbit/s M.2/2.5" SandForce 540/490 41/80 Sept 2013 [128][129][130]

Pro2500 Temple Star 80/180/240/360/480 20 nm

MLCSATA 6Gbit/s M.2/2.5" SandForce? 540/490 42/52 Q2 2014 [131][132]

DCP3700 Fultondale 200/400/800/1600/2000

20 nmMLC­HET

PCIe (2.5"/AIC) Intel 2800/1700 450/150 Q2 2014Custom Intel

NVMecontroller[131][132]

DCP3500 Pleasantdale 250/500/1000/2000 20 nm

MLC PCIe (2.5"/AIC) Intel 2800/1700 450/40 Q2 2014Custom Intel

NVMecontroller[131][132]

730 JacksonRidge 240/480 20 nm

MLCSATA 6Gbit/s 2.5" Intel 550/470 89/74 March

2014[133]

DCP3600 400/800/1200/1600/2000 20 nm

MLC PCIe (2.5"/AIC) Intel 2600/1700 450/56 June 2014 [134][135]

Model Codename Capacities (GB) NANDtype Interface Form factor Controller

Seq.read/writeMB/s

Rnd 4KBread/writeIOPS (K)

Introduced Comment /Source

Supercomputers

The Intel Scientific Computers division was founded in 1984 by Justin Rattner, in order to design and produce parallel computers based on Intel microprocessorsconnected in hypercube topologies.[136] In 1992 the name was changed to the Intel Supercomputing Systems Division, and development of the iWarp architecture was alsosubsumed.[137] The division designed several supercomputer systems, including the Intel iPSC/1, iPSC/2, iPSC/860, Paragon and ASCI Red. In November 2014, Intelrevealed that it is going to use light beams to speed up supercomputers.[138] The renowned chip maker has also disclosed that all its Supercomputer forms will use opticaltechnology for data transfer from 2015.

Competition, antitrust and espionage

Two factors combined to end this dominance: the slowing of PC demand growth beginning in 2000 and the rise of the low cost PC. By the end of the 1990s,microprocessor performance had outstripped software demand for that CPU power. Aside from high­end server systems and software, whose demand dropped with theend of the "dot­com bubble", consumer systems ran effectively on increasingly low­cost systems after 2000. Intel's strategy of producing ever­more­powerful processorsand obsoleting their predecessors stumbled, leaving an opportunity for rapid gains by competitors, notably AMD. This in turn lowered the profitability of the processorline and ended an era of unprecedented dominance of the PC hardware by Intel.

Intel's dominance in the x86 microprocessor market led to numerous charges of antitrust violations over the years, including FTC investigations in both the late 1980s andin 1999, and civil actions such as the 1997 suit by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and a patent suit by Intergraph. Intel's market dominance (at one time itcontrolled over 85% of the market for 32­bit x86 microprocessors) combined with Intel's own hardball legal tactics (such as its infamous 338 patent suit versus PCmanufacturers)[139] made it an attractive target for litigation, but few of the lawsuits ever amounted to anything.

A case of industrial espionage arose in 1995 that involved both Intel and AMD. Bill Gaede, an Argentine formerly employed both at AMD and at Intel's Arizona plant,was arrested for attempting in 1993 to sell the i486 and P5 Pentium designs to AMD and to certain foreign powers.[140] Gaede videotaped data from his computer screen atIntel and mailed it to AMD, which immediately alerted Intel and authorities, resulting in Gaede's arrest. Gaede was convicted and sentenced to 33 months in prison in June1996.[141][142]

Partnership with Apple

On June 6, 2005, Steve Jobs, then CEO of Apple, announced that Apple would be transitioning from its long favored PowerPC architecture to the Intel x86 architecture,because the future PowerPC road map was unable to satisfy Apple's needs. The first Macintosh computers containing Intel CPUs were announced on January 10, 2006,and Apple had its entire line of consumer Macs running on Intel processors by early August 2006. The Apple Xserve server was updated to Intel Xeon processors fromNovember 2006, and was offered in a configuration similar to Apple's Mac Pro.[143]

Core 2 Duo advertisement controversy

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 8/19

In 2007, the company released a print advertisement for its Core 2 Duo processor featuring six African American runners appearing to bow down to a Caucasian maleinside of an office setting (due to the posture taken by runners on starting blocks). According to Nancy Bhagat, Vice President of Intel Corporate Marketing, the generalpublic found the ad to be "insensitive and insulting."[144] The campaign was quickly pulled and several Intel executives made public apologies on the corporatewebsite.[145]

Classmate PC

Intel's Classmate PC is the company's first low­cost netbook computer.[146] One of the models, designed by TEAMS Design [4] (http://www.teamsdesign.com/com/) intheir Shanghai office, won many design awards, such as the Appliance Design EID Award,[147] the 2008 Spark Award,[148] and the iF 2008 China Award.[149]

Mobile processor

In June 2011, Intel introduced the first Pentium mobile processor based on the Sandy Bridge core. The B940, clocked at 2 GHz, is faster than existing or upcoming mobileCelerons, although it is almost identical to dual­core Celeron CPUs in all other aspects.[150] According to IHS iSuppli's report on September 28, 2011, Sandy Bridge chipshave helped Intel increase its market share in global processor market to 81.8%, while AMD's market share dropped to 10.4%.[151]

Intel planned to introduce Medfield – a processor for tablets and smartphones – to the market in 2012, as an effort to compete with ARM.[152] As a 32­nanometerprocessor, Medfield is designed to be energy­efficient, which is one of the core features in ARM's chips.[153]

At the Intel Developers Forum (IDF) 2011 in San Francisco, Intel's partnership with Google was announced. By January 2012, Google's Android 2.3 will use Intel's Atommicroprocessor.[154][155][156]

Server chips

In July 2011, Intel announced that its server chips, the Xeon series, will use new sensors that can improve data center cooling efficiency.[157]

22 nm processors

In 2011, Intel announced the Ivy Bridge processor family at the Intel Developer Forum.[158] Ivy Bridge supports both DDR3 memory and DDR3L chips.

Personal Office Energy Monitor (POEM)

As part of its efforts in the Positive Energy Buildings Consortium, Intel has been developing an application, called Personal Office Energy Monitor (POEM), to help officebuildings to be more energy­efficient. With this application, employees can get the power consumption info for their office machines, so that they can figure out a betterway to save energy in their working environment.[159]

IT Manager 3: Unseen Forces

IT Manager III: Unseen Forces is a web­based IT simulation game from Intel. In it you manage a company's IT department. The goal is to apply technology and skill toenable the company to grow from a small business into a global enterprise.

Car Security System

In 2011, Intel announced that it is working on a car security system that connects to smartphones via an application. The application works by streaming video to a cloudservice if your car is broken into.[160]

High­Bandwidth Digital Content Protection

Intel also developed High­Bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) to prevent access of digital audio and video content as it travels across connections.

Move from Wintel desktop to open mobile platforms

In 2013, Intel's Kirk Skaugen said that Intel's exclusive focus on Microsoft platforms was a thing of the past and that they would now support all "tier­one operatingsystems" such as Linux, Android, iOS, and Chrome.[161]

In 2014, Intel cut thousands of employees in response to "evolving market trends",[162] and offered to subsidize manufacturers for the extra costs involved in using Intelchips in their tablets.[163]

Wearable fashion

On January 6, 2014, Intel announced that it was "teaming with the Council of Fashion Designers of America, Barneys New York and Opening Ceremony around thewearable tech field."[164]

Intel has developed a reference design for wearable smart earbuds that provide biometric and fitness information. The Intel smart earbuds provide full stereo audio, andmonitor heart rate, while the applications on the user’s phone keep track of run distance and calories burned.

Corporate affairs

In September 2006, Intel had nearly 100,000 employees and 200 facilities world wide. Its 2005 revenues were $38.8 billion and its Fortune 500 ranking was 49th. Its stocksymbol is INTC, listed on the NASDAQ. As of February 2009, the biggest customers of Intel are Hewlett­Packard and Dell.[165]

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 9/19

Paul Otellini, Craig Barrett and SeanMaloney (2006)

Intel microprocessor facility in CostaRica was responsible in 2006 for 20%of Costa Rican exports and 4.9% ofthe country's GDP.[173]

Leadership and corporate structure

Robert Noyce was Intel's CEO at its founding in 1968, followed by co­founder Gordon Moore in 1975. Andy Grove became thecompany's president in 1979 and added the CEO title in 1987 when Moore became chairman. In 1998, Grove succeeded Moore asChairman, and Craig Barrett, already company president, took over. On May 18, 2005, Barrett handed the reins of the companyover to Paul Otellini, who previously was the company president and COO and who was responsible for Intel's design win in theoriginal IBM PC. The board of directors elected Otellini as President and CEO, and Barrett replaced Grove as Chairman of theBoard. Grove stepped down as chairman, but is retained as a special adviser. In May 2009, Barrett stepped down as chairman of theBoard and was succeeded by Jane Shaw. In May 2012, Intel vice chairman Andy Bryant, who had previously held the posts ofCFO (1994) and Chief Administrative Officer (2007) at Intel, succeeded Shaw as executive chairman.[166]

In November 2012, president and CEO Paul Otellini announced that he would step down in May 2013 at the age of 62, three yearsbefore the company's mandatory retirement age. During a six­month transition period, Intel's board of directors commenced asearch process for the next CEO, in which it considered both internal managers and external candidates such as Sanjay Jha andPatrick Gelsinger.[167] Financial results revealed that, under Otellini, Intel's revenue increased by 55.8 percent (US$34.2 to 53.3billion), while its net income increased by 46.7% (US$7.5 billion to 11 billion).[168]

On May 2, 2013, Executive Vice President and COO Brian Krzanich was elected as Intel's sixth CEO,[169] a selection that became effective on May 16, 2013 at thecompany's annual meeting. Reportedly, the board concluded that an insider could proceed with the role and exert an impact more quickly, without the need to learn Intel'sprocesses, and Krzanich was selected on such a basis.[170] Intel's software head Renée James was selected as president of the company, a role that is second to the CEOposition.[171]

As of May 2013, Intel's board of directors consists of Andy Bryant, John Donahoe, Frank Yeary, Ambassador Charlene Barshefsky, Susan Decker, Reed Hundt, PaulOtellini, James Plummer, David Pottruck, and David Yoffie. The board was described by former Financial Times journalist Tom Foremski as "an exemplary example ofcorporate governance of the highest order" and received a rating of ten from GovernanceMetrics International, a form of recognition that has only been awarded to twenty­one other corporate boards worldwide.[172]

Employment

The firm promotes very heavily from within, most notably in its executive suite. The company has resisted the trend towardoutsider CEOs. Paul Otellini was a 30­year veteran of the company when he assumed the role of CEO. All of his top lieutenantshave risen through the ranks after many years with the firm. In many cases, Intel's top executives have spent their entire workingcareers with Intel.

Intel has a mandatory retirement policy for its CEOs when they reach age 65. Andy Grove retired at 62, while both Robert Noyceand Gordon Moore retired at 58. Grove retired as Chairman and as a member of the board of directors in 2005 at age 68.

Intel's headquarters are located in Santa Clara, California, and the company has operations around the world. Its largest workforceconcentration anywhere is in Washington County, Oregon (in the Portland metropolitan area's "Silicon Forest"), with about 17,000employees at several facilities and major expansion under way.[174] Outside the United States, the company has facilities in China,Costa Rica, Malaysia, Israel, Ireland, India, Russia and Vietnam, 63 countries and regions internationally. In the U.S. Intel employssignificant numbers of people in California, Colorado, Massachusetts, Arizona, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Washington andUtah. In Oregon, Intel is the state's largest private employer.[174][175] The company is the largest industrial employer in NewMexico while in Arizona the company has over 10,000 employees.

Intel invests heavily in research in China and about 100 researchers – or 10% of the total number of researchers from Intel – are located in Beijing.[176]

In 2011, the Israeli government offered Intel $290 million to expand in the country. As a condition, Intel will have to employ 1,500 more workers in Kiryat Gat andbetween 600–1000 workers in the north.[177]

In January 2014, it was reported that Intel would cut about 5,000 jobs from its work force of 107,000. The announcement was made a day after it reported earnings thatmissed analyst targets.[178]

In March 2014, it was reported that Intel would embark upon a $6 billion plan to expand its activities in Israel. The plan calls for continued investment in existing and newIntel plants until 2030. As of 2014 Intel employs 10,000 workers at four development centers and two production plants in Israel.[179]

Diversity

Intel has a Diversity Initiative, including employee diversity groups as well as supplier diversity programs.[180] Like many companies with employee diversity groups, theyinclude groups based on race and nationality as well as sexual identity and religion. In 1994, Intel sanctioned one of the earliest corporate Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, andTransgender employee groups,[181] and supports a Muslim employees group,[182] a Jewish employees group,[183] and a Bible­based Christian group.[184][185]

Intel received a 100% rating on the first Corporate Equality Index released by the Human Rights Campaign in 2002. It has maintained this rating in 2003 and 2004. Inaddition, the company was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2005 by Working Mother magazine.

In January 2015, Intel announced the investment of $300 million over the next five years to enhance gender and racial diversity in their own company as well as thetechnology industry as a whole.[186][187][188][189][190]

Economic impact

In 2011, ECONorthwest conducted an economic impact analysis of Intel's economic contribution to the state of Oregon. The report found that in 2009 "the total economicimpacts attributed to Intel's operations, capital spending, contributions and taxes amounted to almost $14.6 billion in activity, including $4.3 billion in personal income and59,990 jobs."[191] Through multiplier effects, every 10 Intel jobs supported, on average, was found to create 31 jobs in other sectors of the economy.[192]

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 10/19

Intel stock price, Nov 1986 – Nov 2006

The Intel Inside logo from 1991to 2006.

2009–2011 badge design.

School funding

In Rio Rancho, New Mexico, Intel is the leading employer.[193] In 1997, a community partnership between Sandoval County and Intel Corporation funded and built RioRancho High School.[194][195]

Ultrabook fund

In 2011, Intel Capital announced a new fund to support startups working on technologies in line with the company's concept for next generation notebooks.[196] Thecompany is setting aside a $300 million fund to be spent over the next three to four years in areas related to ultrabooks.[196] Intel announced the ultrabook concept atComputex in 2011. The ultrabook is defined as a thin (less than 0.8 inches [~2 cm] thick[197]) notebook that utilizes Intel processors[197] and also incorporates tabletfeatures such as a touch screen and long battery life.[196][197]

At the Intel Developers Forum in 2011, four Taiwan ODMs showed prototype ultrabooks that used Intel's Ivy Bridge chips.[198] Intel plans to improve power consumptionof its chips for ultrabooks, like new Ivy Bridge processors in 2013, which will only have 10W default thermal design power.[199]

Intel's goal for Ultrabook's price is below $1000;[197] however, according to two presidents from Acer and Compaq, this goal will not be achieved if Intel does not lowerthe price of its chips.[200]

Finances

Intel's market capitalization is $162.97 billion (February 21, 2015). It publicly trades on NASDAQ with the symbolINTC. A widely held stock, the following indices include Intel shares: Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500,NASDAQ­100, Russell 1000 Index, Russell 1000 Growth Index and SOX (PHLX Semiconductor Sector).

On July 15, 2008, Intel announced that it had achieved the highest earnings in the history of the company during Q22008.[201]

Advertising and brand management

Intel Inside

Intel has become one of the world's most recognizable computer brands following its long­running Intel Inside campaign. Intel branding campaign originally started with"The Computer Inside" tagline in 1990 in US and Europe. The Japan chapter of Intel proposed "Intel in it" tagline and kicked of the Japanese campaign by hosting EKI­KON (means Station Concert in Japanese) at the Tokyo railway station dome on the Christmas Day of December 25 in 1990. Several months later, "The Computer Inside"incorporated the Japan idea to become "Intel Inside" which eventually elevated to the worldwide branding campaign in 1991, by Intel marketing manager DennisCarter.[202] The case study of the Inside Intel Inside was put together by Harvard Business School.[203] The five­note jingle was introduced in 1994 and by its tenthanniversary was being heard in 130 countries around the world. The initial branding agency for the Intel Inside campaign was DahlinSmithWhite Advertising of Salt LakeCity. The Intel swirl logo was the work of DahlinSmithWhite art director Steve Grigg under the direction of Intel president and CEO Andy Grove.

The Intel Inside advertising campaign sought public brand loyalty and awareness of Intel processors in consumer computers.[204] Intel paid some of the advertiser's costsfor an ad that used the Intel Inside logo and xylo­marimba jingle.[205]

In 2008, Intel planned to shift the emphasis of its Intel Inside campaign from traditional media such as television and print to newermedia such as the Internet.[206] Intel required that a minimum of 35% of the money it provided to the companies in its co­op programbe used for online marketing.[206] The Intel 2010 annual financial report indicated that $1.8 billion (6% of the gross margin and nearly16% of the total net income) was allocated to all advertising with Intel Inside being part of that.[207]

Sonic logo

The famous D D G D A xylophone/xylomarimba jingle, sonic logo, tag, audio mnemonic was produced byMusikvergnuegen and written by Walter Werzowa, once a member of the Austrian 1980s sampling band Edelweiss.[208] The sonicIntel logo has undergone substantial changes in tone since the introduction of the Pentium III, Pentium 4, and Core processors, yetkeeps the same jingle.

Naming strategy

In 2006, Intel expanded its promotion of open specification platforms beyond Centrino, to include the Viiv media center PC and thebusiness desktop Intel vPro.

In mid­January 2006, Intel announced that they were dropping the long running Pentium name from their processors. The Pentiumname was first used to refer to the P5 core Intel processors (Pent refers to the 5 in P5,) and was done to circumvent court rulings thatprevent the trademarking of a string of numbers, so competitors could not just call their processor the same name, as had been donewith the prior 386 and 486 processors (both of which had copies manufactured by IBM and AMD). They phased out the Pentium namesfrom mobile processors first, when the new Yonah chips, branded Core Solo and Core Duo, were released. The desktop processorschanged when the Core 2 line of processors were released. By 2009 Intel was using a good­better­best strategy with Celeron beinggood, Pentium better, and the Intel Core family representing the best the company has to offer.[209]

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 11/19

According to spokesman Bill Calder, Intel has maintained only the Celeron brand, the Atom brand for netbooks and the vPro lineup for businesses. Since late 2009, Intel'smainstream processors have been called Celeron, Pentium, Core i3, Core i5, and Core i7, in order of performance from lowest to highest. The first generation coreproducts carry a 3 digit name, such as i5 750, and the second generation products carry a 4 digit name, such as the i5 2500. In both cases, a K at the end of it shows that itis an unlocked processor, enabling additional overclocking abilities (for instance, 2500K). vPro products will carry the Intel Core i7 vPro processor or the Intel Core i5vPro processor name.[210] In October 2011, Intel started to sell its Core i7­2700K "Sandy Bridge" chip to customers worldwide.[211]

Beginning in 2010, "Centrino" will only be applied to Intel's WiMAX and Wi­Fi technologies; it won't be a PC brand anymore. This will be an evolutionary process takingplace over time, Intel acknowledges that multiple brands will be in the market including older ones throughout the transition.[210]

Open source support

Intel has a significant participation in the open source communities since 1999.[212] For example, in 2006 Intel released MIT­licensed X.org drivers for their integratedgraphic cards of the i965 family of chipsets. Intel released FreeBSD drivers for some networking cards,[213] available under a BSD­compatible license,[214] which werealso ported to OpenBSD.[214] Binary firmware files for non­wireless Ethernet devices were also released under a BSD licence allowing free redistribution.[215] Intel ran theMoblin project until April 23, 2009, when they handed the project over to the Linux Foundation. Intel also runs the LessWatts.org campaigns.[216]

However, after the release of the wireless products called Intel Pro/Wireless 2100, 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG and 3945ABG in 2005, Intel was criticized for notgranting free redistribution rights for the firmware that must be included in the operating system for the wireless devices to operate.[217] As a result of this, Intel became atarget of campaigns to allow free operating systems to include binary firmware on terms acceptable to the open source community. Linspire­Linux creator MichaelRobertson outlined the difficult position that Intel was in releasing to open source, as Intel did not want to upset their large customer Microsoft.[218] Theo de Raadt ofOpenBSD also claimed that Intel is being "an Open Source fraud" after an Intel employee presented a distorted view of the situation at an open­source conference.[219] Inspite of the significant negative attention Intel received as a result of the wireless dealings, the binary firmware still has not gained a license compatible with free softwareprinciples.[220]

Corporate responsibility record

Intel has been accused by some residents of Rio Rancho, New Mexico of allowing VOCs to be released in excess of their pollution permit. One resident claimed that arelease of 1.4 tons of carbon tetrachloride was measured from one acid scrubber during the fourth quarter of 2003 but an emission factor allowed Intel to report no carbontetrachloride emissions for all of 2003.[221]

Another resident alleges that Intel was responsible for the release of other VOCs from their Rio Rancho site and that a necropsy of lung tissue from two deceased dogs inthe area indicated trace amounts of toluene, hexane, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers,[222] all of which are solvents used in industrial settings but also commonly found ingasoline, retail paint thinners and retail solvents. During a sub­committee meeting of the New Mexico Environment Improvement Board, a resident claimed that Intel'sown reports documented more than 1,580 pounds (720 kg) of VOCs were released in June and July 2006.[223]

Intel's environmental performance is published annually in their corporate responsibility report.[224]

In its 2012 rankings on the progress of consumer electronics companies relating to conflict minerals, the Enough Project rated Intel the best of 24 companies, calling it a"Pioneer of progress".[225] In 2014, chief executive Brian Krzanich urged the rest of the industry to follow Intel's lead by also shunning conflict minerals.[226]

Religious controversy

Orthodox Jews have protested against Intel operating in Israel on Saturday, Shabbat. Intel ringed its office with barbed wire before the protest, but there was noviolence.[227] As of December 2009, the situation has been stable for Intel Israel while some employees reported working overtime on Shabbat.

Age discrimination

Intel has faced complaints of age discrimination in firing and layoffs. Intel was sued in 1993 by nine former employees, over allegations that they were laid off becausethey were over the age of 40.[228]

A group called FACE Intel (Former and Current Employees of Intel) claims that Intel weeds out older employees. FACE Intel claims that more than 90 percent of peoplewho have been laid off or fired from Intel are over the age of 40. Upside magazine requested data from Intel breaking out its hiring and firing by age, but the companydeclined to provide any.[229] Intel has denied that age plays any role in Intel's employment practices.[230] FACE Intel was founded by Ken Hamidi, who was fired fromIntel in 1995 at the age of 47.[229] Hamidi was blocked in a 1999 court decision from using Intel's email system to distribute criticism of the company to employees,[231]which overturned in 2003 in Intel Corp. v. Hamidi.

Land dispute

According to the Christian Science Monitor, Intel's plant at Kiryat Gat was built on the site of former Palestinian villages of Al­Faluja and Iraq al­Manshiyya; and Al­Awda — the Palestinian Right to Return Coalition — a supporter of Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions, has called on Intel to close this plant.[232]

Competition

In the 1980s, Intel was among the top ten sellers of semiconductors (10th in 1987) in the world. In 1991, Intel became the biggest chip maker by revenue and has held theposition ever since. Other top semiconductor companies include TSMC, Advanced Micro Devices, Samsung, Texas Instruments, Toshiba and STMicroelectronics.

Competitors in PC chip sets include AMD, VIA Technologies, SiS, and Nvidia. Intel's competitors in networking include Freescale, Infineon, Broadcom, MarvellTechnology Group and AMCC, and competitors in flash memory include Spansion, Samsung, Qimonda, Toshiba, STMicroelectronics, and Hynix.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 12/19

The only major competitor in the x86 processor market is Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), with which Intel has had full cross­licensing agreements since 1976: eachpartner can use the other's patented technological innovations without charge after a certain time.[233] However, the cross­licensing agreement is canceled in the event ofan AMD bankruptcy or takeover.[234] Some smaller competitors such as VIA and Transmeta produce low­power x86 processors for small factor computers and portableequipment. However, the advent of such mobile computing devices, in particular, smartphones, has in recent years led to a decline in PC sales. This is seen as the mainreason for Intel's 2013 Q1 net income drop of 25%.[235] As over 95% of the world's smartphones are currently powered by processors designed by ARM Holdings, thiscompany has become a major competitor for Intel's processor market. ARM is also planning to make inroads into the PC and server market.[236]

Lawsuits

Intel has often been accused by competitors of using legal claims to thwart competition. Intel claims that it is defending its intellectual property. Intel has been plaintiff anddefendant in numerous legal actions.

In September 2005, Intel filed a response to an AMD lawsuit,[237] disputing AMD's claims, and claiming that Intel's business practices are fair and lawful. In a rebuttal,Intel deconstructed AMD's offensive strategy and argued that AMD struggled largely as a result of its own bad business decisions, including underinvestment in essentialmanufacturing capacity and excessive reliance on contracting out chip foundries.[238] Legal analysts predicted the lawsuit would drag on for a number of years, sinceIntel's initial response indicated its unwillingness to settle with AMD.[239][240] In 2008 a court date was finally set,[241] but in 2009 Intel settled with a $1.25 billion payoutto AMD (see below).[242]

In October 2006, a Transmeta lawsuit was filed against Intel for patent infringement on computer architecture and power efficiency technologies.[243] The lawsuit wassettled in October 2007, with Intel agreeing to pay US$150 million initially and US$20 million per year for the next five years. Both companies agreed to drop lawsuitsagainst each other, while Intel was granted a perpetual non­exclusive license to use current and future patented Transmeta technologies in its chips for 10 years.[244]

On November 4, 2009, New York's attorney general filed an antitrust lawsuit against Intel Corp, claiming the company used "illegal threats and collusion" to dominate themarket for computer microprocessors.

On November 12, 2009, AMD agreed to drop the antitrust lawsuit against Intel in exchange for $1.25 billion.[242] A joint press release published by the two chip makersstated "While the relationship between the two companies has been difficult in the past, this agreement ends the legal disputes and enables the companies to focus all ofour efforts on product innovation and development."[245][246]

An antitrust lawsuit[247] and a class­action suit relating to cold calling employees of other companies is still pending.[248]

Anti­competitive allegations

Japan

In 2005, the local Fair Trade Commission found that Intel violated the Japanese Antimonopoly Act. The commission ordered Intel to eliminate discounts that haddiscriminated against AMD. To avoid a trial, Intel agreed to comply with the order.[249][250][251][252]

European Union

In July 2007, the European Commission accused Intel of anti­competitive practices, mostly against AMD.[253] The allegations, going back to 2003, include givingpreferential prices to computer makers buying most or all of their chips from Intel, paying computer makers to delay or cancel the launch of products using AMD chips,and providing chips at below standard cost to governments and educational institutions.[254] Intel responded that the allegations were unfounded and instead qualified itsmarket behavior as consumer­friendly.[254] General counsel Bruce Sewell responded that the Commission had misunderstood some factual assumptions as to pricing andmanufacturing costs.[255]

In February 2008, Intel stated that its office in Munich had been raided by European Union regulators. Intel reported that it was cooperating with investigators.[256] Intelfaced a fine of up to 10% of its annual revenue, if found guilty of stifling competition.[257] AMD subsequently launched a website promoting these allegations.[258][259] InJune 2008, the EU filed new charges against Intel.[260] In May 2009, the EU found that Intel had engaged in anti­competitive practices and subsequently fined Intel€1.06 billion (US$1.44 billion), a record amount. Intel was found to have paid companies, including Acer, Dell, HP, Lenovo and NEC,[261] to exclusively use Intel chips intheir products, and therefore harmed other companies including AMD.[261][262][263] The European Commission said that Intel had deliberately acted to keep competitorsout of the computer chip market and in doing so had made a "serious and sustained violation of the EU's antitrust rules".[261] In addition to the fine, Intel was ordered bythe Commission to immediately cease all illegal practices.[261] Intel has stated that they will appeal against the Commission's verdict. In June 2014, the General Court,which sits below the European Court of Justice, rejected the appeal.[261]

South Korea

In September 2007, South Korean regulators accused Intel of breaking antitrust law. The investigation began in February 2006, when officials raided Intel's South Koreanoffices. The company risked a penalty of up to 3% of its annual sales, if found guilty.[264] In June 2008, the Fair Trade Commission ordered Intel to pay a fine ofUS$25.5 million for taking advantage of its dominant position to offer incentives to major Korean PC manufacturers on the condition of not buying products fromAMD.[265]

United States

New York started an investigation of Intel in January 2008 on whether the company violated antitrust laws in pricing and sales of its microprocessors.[266] In June 2008,the Federal Trade Commission also began an antitrust investigation of the case.[267] In December 2009, the FTC announced it would initiate an administrative proceedingagainst Intel in September 2010.[268][269][270][271]

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 13/19

In November 2009, following a two­year investigation, New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo sued Intel, accusing them of bribery and coercion, claiming that Intelbribed computer makers to buy more of their chips than those of their rivals, and threatened to withdraw these payments if the computer makers were perceived asworking too closely with its competitors. Intel has denied these claims.[272]

On July 22, 2010, Dell agreed to a settlement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to pay $100M in penalties resulting from charges that Dell did notaccurately disclose accounting information to investors. In particular, the SEC charged that from 2002 to 2006, Dell had an agreement with Intel to receive rebates inexchange for not using chips manufactured by AMD. These substantial rebates were not disclosed to investors, but were used to help meet investor expectations regardingthe company's financial performance; "These exclusivity payments grew from 10 percent of Dell's operating income in FY 2003 to 38 percent in FY 2006, and peaked at76 percent in the first quarter of FY 2007.".[273] Dell eventually did adopt AMD as a secondary supplier in 2006, and Intel subsequently stopped their rebates, causingDell's financial performance to fall.[274][275][276]

Market share

According to IDC, while Intel still enjoys the biggest market share in both the overall worldwide PC microprocessor market (79.3%) and the mobile PC microprocessor(84.4%) in the second quarter of 2011, the numbers decreased by 1.5% and 1.9% compared to the first quarter.[277][278]

Per Passmark's (?) CPU benchmark, which takes into account individual benchmarking of their software and each system results are reported with, Intel has retained 70%and more of the active market versus AMD since Q1 2008.[279]

See also

References

ASCI RedAMDComparison of ATI Graphics Processing UnitsComparison of Intel processorsComparison of Nvidia graphics processing unitsCyrixEngineering sample (CPU)Intel Driver Update UtilityIntel GMA (Graphics Media Accelerator)Intel MuseumIntel Science Talent SearchIntel Developer Zone (Intel DZ)List of Intel chipsetsList of Intel CPU microarchitecturesList of Intel manufacturing sitesList of Intel microprocessorsList of Semiconductor Fabrication PlantsSemiconductor sales leaders by yearWintel

Intel related biographical articles on Wikipedia:

Andy GroveBill GaedeBob ColwellCraig Barrett (chief executive)Gordon MooreJustin RattnerPat GelsingerPaul OtelliniRobert NoyceSean Maloney

1. Intel Corporation Company Profile (http://www.hoovers.com/company/Intel_Corporation/rykxki­1.html?CM_ITE=intel_headquarters&CM_VEN=PAID&CM_PLA=CHQ&CM_CAT=GGL). Retrieved July 26, 2010.

2. "INTEL CORP 2013 Annual Report Form (10­K)" (http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/50863/000005086314000020/0000050863­14­000020­index.htm) (XBRL). United StatesSecurities and Exchange Commission. February 14, 2014.

3. "Employees" (http://www.intc.com/intel%2Dannual%2Dreport/2012/business/employees/). 2012 Annual Report. Intel. Retrieved March 14, 2014.4. "Intel 2007 Annual Report" (http://media.corporate­ir.net/media_files/irol/10/101302/2007annualReport/common/pdfs/intel_2007ar.pdf) (PDF). Intel. 2007. Retrieved July 6, 2011.5. "Secret of Intel's name revealed" (http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1031210/secret­intel­revealed). The Inquirer. 2007. Retrieved June 11, 2012.6. Goodin, Dan (September 23, 1998). "Microsoft's holy war on Java" (http://www.news.com/2009­1001­215854.html). news.com (CNET News.com). Retrieved January 7, 2008.7. Graham, Lea (December 14, 1998). "USA versus Microsoft: the fourth week" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/04/98/microsoft/215645.stm). BBC News. Retrieved

January 7, 2008.8. "Brandz Ranking 2011 PDF" (http://www.millwardbrown.com/Libraries/Optimor_BrandZ_Files/2011_BrandZ_Top100_Chart.sflb.ashx). Millward Brown Optimor. 2011. Retrieved

October 27, 2011.9. AFP (August 21, 2008). "Intel cuts electric cords with wireless power system" (http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iSCa­6QNqHQ7MfRAjCk2vPtCvzOQ). Google. Retrieved

July 10, 2011.10. Markoff, John (August 21, 2008). "Intel moves to free gadgets of their recharging cords" (http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/08/21/technology/21intel.php). International Herald

Tribune. Retrieved August 22, 2008.11. Millian, Mark. "New Intel tech will create smaller, faster microchips" (http://www.cnn.com/2011/TECH/mobile/05/04/intel.event/index.html). CNN. Retrieved May 5, 2011.12. Charlie Demerjian, Semi Accurate. "Intel moves transistors from 2D to 3D and more (http://semiaccurate.com/2011/08/18/intel­moves­transistors­from­2d­to­3d­and­more/)." August

18, 2011. Retrieved August 24, 2011.13. EE Times. "Intel's solar spinoff files for bankruptcy (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4219234/Intel­s­solar­spinoff­files­for­bankruptcy)." August 23, 2011. Retrieved August 25,

2011.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 14/19

2011.14. Aditya Dey. "Intel Released 4th Generation Intel Core Processors in Taipei" (http://techstake.blogspot.in/2013/06/Intel­released­4th­generation­core­processors.html). TechStake­

Technology News Blog. Retrieved June 2013.15. "What is 01.org? ­ 01.org" (https://01.org/about/what­01.org). 01.org.16. Less Watts: "About the Intel Open Source Technology Center" (https://lesswatts.org/aboutotc.php)17. David B. Green (July 24, 2013). "This day in Jewish history / Intel co­founder and self­described Luddite is born" (http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/this­day­in­jewish­

history/1.537643). Haaretz. Retrieved September 5, 2013.18. "Intel Online Museum: Corporate Timeline (Archived version)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130103012023/http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/historic­timeline.html).

Intel Museum. Intel. Archived from the original (http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/historic­timeline.html) on January 3, 2013. Retrieved July 23, 2011.19. "Silicon Genesis: Arthur Rock" (http://silicongenesis.stanford.edu/transcripts/rock.htm). Stanford University. Retrieved July 23, 2011.20. The Andrew Grove article explains how a clerical error exchanged the employee ID numbers of Grove and the fourth employee, Leslie L. Vadász, whom Grove had hired.21. "IDF Transcript: Interview with Gordon Moore" (http://download.intel.com/pressroom/kits/events/idffall_2007/TranscriptMoore­Gelsinger.pdf) (PDF). Intel Corporation. August 18,

2007. Retrieved July 29, 2009.22. Intel Corporation (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/289747/Intel­Corporation). Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved November 26, 2008.23. Valich, Theo (September 19, 2007). "Secret of Intel name revealed" (http://www.theinquirer.net/default.aspx?article=42469). The Inquirer. Retrieved September 19, 2007.24. 1969 – Schottky­Barrier Diode Doubles the Speed of TTL Memory & Logic (http://www.computerhistory.org/semiconductor/timeline/1969­Schottky.html) Computer History Museum.

Retrieved September 23, 2011.25. Schottky Bipolar 3101, 3101A RAMs (https://docs.google.com/viewer?

a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0B9rh9tVI0J5mZWJjZTRlN2MtOTJiMy00YmRmLWE0MjMtODI1ZDQ5MTU2YTFl&hl=en) Google Docs.26. Schottky Bipolar 3301A ROM (https://docs.google.com/viewer?

a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0B9rh9tVI0J5mYWM3MGM1NWItYjI2YS00MGU0LWFiOGYtZjczZDdjY2IxNGJl&hl=en) Google Docs.27. "A chronological list of Intel products. The products are sorted by date."

(https://web.archive.org/web/20070809053720/http://download.intel.com/museum/research/arc_collect/timeline/TimelineDateSort7_05.pdf) (PDF). Intel museum. Intel Corporation. July2005. Archived from the original (http://download.intel.com/museum/research/arc_collect/timeline/TimelineDateSort7_05.pdf) (PDF) on August 9, 2007. Retrieved July 31, 2007.

28. Silicon Gate MOS 1101A RAM (https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0B9rh9tVI0J5mYjBjNmY1YTktY2U2OS00MDNiLWI1YTAtZjhhOWE1NjQyN2Zk&hl=en) Google Docs.

29. Silberhorn, Gottfried; Colin Douglas Howell. "Intel Intellec Series" (http://www.old­computers.com/MUSEUM/computer.asp?c=754&st=1). old­computers.com. OLD­COMPUTERS.COM. Retrieved July 31, 2007.

30. Wong, Nicole (July 31, 2006). "Intel Core 2 Duo a big leap in chip race" (http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20060731&slug=btintelchip31). Seattle Times.Retrieved October 15, 2009.

31. The Senate Report on the bill (S.Rep. No. 425, 98th Cong., 2d Sess. (1984)) stated: "In the semiconductor industry, innovation is indispensable; research breakthroughs are essential tothe life and health of the industry. But research and innovation in the design of semiconductor chips are threatened by the inadequacies of existing legal protection against piracy andunauthorized copying. This problem, which is so critical to this essential sector of the American economy, is addressed by the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act of 1984. ...[The bill]would prohibit "chip piracy"­­the unauthorized copying and distribution of semiconductor chip products copied from the original creators of such works." Quoted in Brooktree Corp. v.Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (http://cases.justia.com/us­court­of­appeals/F2/977/1555/304802/), 977 F.2d 1555, 17 (Fed. Cir. 1992). See also Brooktree, 21–22 (copyright and patentlaw ineffective).

32. "Bill Gates Speaks", page 29. ISBN 978­0­471­40169­833. "Medopad" (http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/medopad). crunchbase.com.34. Krazit, Tom (July 14, 2006). "Intel's Core 2 Duo lives up to hype" (http://news.zdnet.com/2100­9584_22­148811.html). ZDNet News. Retrieved October 15, 2009. – citing CNET,

Anandtech, Sharky's Extreme and PC Mag as publishing similar conclusions.35. Sandhu, Tarinder (July 14, 2006). "Intel Core 2 Duo/Extreme processor review" (http://www.hexus.net/content/item.php?item=6184). Hexus technology news & reviews. Retrieved

October 15, 2009.36. Schofield, Jack (July 27, 2006). "Intel raises the bar as AMD drops prices in chip battle" (http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2006/jul/27/comment.insideit). The Guardian (UK).

Retrieved October 15, 2009.37. Nelson, Carl. "Intel Core i7 "Nehalem" CPU Review" (http://www.hardcoreware.net/reviews/review­372­11.htm). www.hardcoreware.net. Retrieved December 9, 2013.38. "Marvell buys Intel's handheld processor unit for $600 million" (http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=189601851). eetimes.com (CMP Media LLC.). June

27, 2006. Retrieved July 12, 2007.39. "Intel in $7.68bn McAfee takeover" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business­11025866). BBC News. August 19, 2010. Retrieved August 19, 2010.40. "Intel wins conditional approval from EU for McAfee acquisition of $ 7.68 billion" (http://techshrimp.com/2011/01/26/intel­wins­conditional­approval­from­eu­for­mcafee­acquisition­

of­7­68­billion/). TechShrimp. January 26, 2011. Retrieved January 26, 2011.41. "Microsoft Alliance With Intel Shows Age" (http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703808704576062073117494078.html), January 4, 2011 Wall Street Journal article42. Intel buys Infineon's wireless wing for 4G lift­off (http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/mobile­devices/2010/08/31/intel­buys­infineons­wireless­wing­for­4g­lift­off­40089960/), a August

31, 2010, ZDNet43. Intel CFO Talks About Acquisition Strategy (http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/Article.aspx?ArticleID=2726870), Institutional Investor44. Dean Takahashi, VentureBeat. "Intel buys 4G wireless software firm SySDSoft (http://venturebeat.com/2011/03/14/intel­buys­4g­lte­sysdsoft­in­egypt/)." March 14, 2011. Retrieved

March 17, 2011.45. Dylan McGrath, EE Times. "Fulcrum buy could signal shift for Intel (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4217982/Fulcrum­buy­could­signal­shift­for­Intel­)." July 19, 2011.

Retrieved July 20, 2011.46. [1] (http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/03/technology/intel­reaches­deal­to­acquire­navigation­software­maker.html?ref=business). The New York Times. Retrieved October 2, 2011.47. "Intel Investing $4.1 Billion in ASML to Speed Production" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012­07­09/intel­agrees­to­buy­10­stake­in­asml­for­about­2­1­billion.html). July 11,

2012.48. Ingrid Lunden (July 16, 2013). "Gesture In The Picture, As Intel Picks Up Omek But PrimeSense Dismisses Apple Acquisition Rumors" (http://techcrunch.com/2013/07/16/gesture­in­

the­picture­as­intel­reportedly­picks­up­omek­but­primesense­dismisses­apple­acquisition­rumors/). TechCrunch. AOL Inc. Retrieved September 14, 2013.49. Ingrid Lunden (September 13, 2013). "Intel Has Acquired Natural Language Processing Startup Indisys, Price "North" Of $26M, To Build Its AI Muscle"

(http://techcrunch.com/2013/09/13/intel­has­acquired­natural­language­processing­startup­indisys­price­north­of­26m/?ncid=tcdaily). TechCrunch. AOL Inc. Retrieved September 14,2013.

50. "Intel acquires identity management service PasswordBox" (http://thenextweb.com/apps/2014/12/01/intel­acquires­identity­management­service­passwordbox/). The Next Web.Retrieved December 1, 2014.

51. "Intel buys $25 million stake in Google Glass rival Vuzix" (http://www.theverge.com/2015/1/5/7493439/intel­buys­stake­in­google­glass­rival­vuzix). The Verge. Retrieved January 6,2014.

52. "Intel buys former Infineon "Internet of Things" chip unit Lantiq" (http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/02/02/lantiq­ma­intel­idUKL6N0VB0DP20150202). Reuters. RetrievedFebruary 2, 2015.

53. "Intel to Acquire Wind River Systems for Approximately $884 Million" (http://www.windriver.com/news/press/pr.html?ID=6921). windriver.com. June 4, 2009. RetrievedDecember 9, 2013.

54. "Announcement | McAfee, Inc" (http://www.mcafee.com/us/about/intel­mcafee.aspx). Mcafee.com. February 28, 2011. Retrieved June 14, 2013.55. Peter Ha (August 30, 2010). "Intel acquires Infineon's Wireless Solutions Business for $1.4 billion" (http://techcrunch.com/2010/08/30/intel­acquires­infineons­wireless­solutions­

business­for­1­4­billion/). TechCrunch. Retrieved June 14, 2013.56. Rue Liu (March 17, 2011). "Intel Acquires Silicon Hive In Push For Mobile Processing Chips" (http://www.slashgear.com/intel­acquires­silicon­hive­in­push­for­mobile­processing­

chips­17140712/). SlashGear. Retrieved January 21, 2014.57. Intel to acquire Telmap, dole out easy to implement location APIs to AppUp developers (http://www.engadget.com/2011/09/29/intel­to­aquire­telmap­dole­out­easy­to­implement­

location­apis/). Engadget.com. Retrieved on December 9, 2013.58. "Source: Mashery Is Selling To Intel For More Than $180M" (http://techcrunch.com/2013/04/17/source­mashery­is­selling­to­intel­for­more­than­180m). TechCrunch. April 17, 2013.

Retrieved June 14, 2013.59. Jeffrey Burt (May 3, 2013). "Intel Buys Networking Software Firm Aepona" (http://www.eweek.com/networking/intel­buys­networking­software­firm­aepona). Eweek.com. Retrieved

June 14, 2013.60. "Intel's McAfee Is Buying Stonesoft, A Finnish Networked Firewall Specialist, For $389M In Cash" (http://techcrunch.com/2013/05/06/intels­mcafee­buys­cloud­based­networked­

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 15/19

firewall­specialist­stonesoft­for­389m­in­cash/). TechCrunch. May 6, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2013.61. IntelPR. "Intel Completes Acquisition of BASIS Science Inc." (http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2014/03/25/intel­completes­acquisition­of­basis­science­

inc). Intel Newsroom.62. Ian King. "Intel to Buy Avago’s Networking Business for $650 Million" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014­08­13/intel­agrees­to­buy­avago­s­networking­business­for­

650.html). Bloomberg.com.63. "Intel Buys PasswordBox To Add ID Management To Its Security Business" (http://techcrunch.com/2014/12/01/intel­buys­passwordbox­to­add­id­management­to­its­security­

business/). TechCrunch. AOL.64. "Intel buys $25 million stake in Google Glass rival Vuzix" (http://www.theverge.com/2015/1/5/7493439/intel­buys­stake­in­google­glass­rival­vuzix). The Verge. Vox Media.65. Intel to Invest More Than $5 billion to Build New Factory in Arizona (http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20110218005980/en/Intel­Invest­5­Billion­Build­Factory­Arizona).

Business Wire (February 18, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.66. King, Ian. (February 18, 2011) "Intel Plans to Build $5 billion Chip Plant in Arizona" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011­02­18/intel­plans­to­build­5­billion­chip­plant­in­

arizona­hire­4­000­workers.html). Bloomberg. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.67. "Intel Is Said to Design Phone for ZTE for Sale in China" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011­04­11/intel­is­said­to­have­designed­phone­for­zte­to­sell­in­china.html).

Bloomberg. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.68. Sylvie Barak, EE Times. "Intel announces mobile and wirelss reorganization (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4233223/Intel­announces­mobile­and­wireless­reorganization­)."

December 14, 2011. Retrieved December 14, 2011.69. "Intel throws open chip ovens to Altera ­ but who's next: Apple?" (http://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/02/26/intel_altera_chip_deal/)70. "Intel and pals shrink their semis by $600m as demand droops." (http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2013/03/18/chip_maker_cut_inventory/)71. Intel dabbles in contract manufacturing, weighing tradeoffs (http://www.oregonlive.com/silicon­forest/index.ssf/2013/07/intel_dabbles_in_contract_manu.html) // The Oregonian, July

27, 201372. Intel to make 22­nm chips for Microsemi (http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1280814) // EETimes, February 5, 2013: "Microsemi—...—becomes Intel's fifth publicly

disclosed foundry customer, joining network processor provider Netronome and FPGA vendors Altera, Achronix and Tabula. "73. Microsemi Emerges As Another Intel Manufacturing Customer (http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2013/05/01/microsemi­emerges­as­another­intel­manufacturing­customer/) // WSJ, May 1,

2013: " Paul Otellini ... also reiterated that Intel has other foundry customers it has not announced."74. Samuel Gibbs (October 7, 2013). "Sir Tim Berners­Lee and Google lead coalition for cheaper internet" (http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/oct/07/google­berners­lee­

alliance­broadband­africa?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2&et_cid=51918&et_rid=7107573&Linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.theguardian.com%2ftechnology%2f2013%2foct%2f07%2fgoogle­berners­lee­alliance­broadband­africa). The Guardian. Retrieved October 8, 2013.

75. Maliniak, Lisa (October 21, 2002). "Ten Notable Flops: Learning From Mistakes" (http://electronicdesign.com/Articles/Index.cfm?AD=1&ArticleID=2839). Electronic Design Online.Retrieved November 27, 2007.

76. Dvorak, John C. (February 1997). "What Ever Happened to... Intel's Dream Chip?" (http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/retrocomputing/intel/iapx432/dreamchip.html). RetrievedNovember 27, 2007.

77. Nicely, Dr. Thomas R. (October 30, 1994). "Dr. Thomas Nicely's Pentium email" (http://www.emery.com/nicely.htm). Vince Emery Productions. Retrieved July 12, 2007.78. Grove, Andrew and Burgleman, Robert; Strategy Is Destiny: How Strategy­Making Shapes a Company's Future, 2001, Free Press79. Richard S. Tedlow (2007). Andy Grove: The Life and Times of an American Business Icon (http://books.google.com/books?id=zQamXENAalkC&pg=RA1­PA256). p. 256. ISBN 978­

1­59184­182­1.80. Wilson, Tracy V. "HowStuffWorks "How Motherboards Work" " (http://computer.howstuffworks.com/motherboard.htm). Computer.howstuffworks.com. Retrieved July 29, 2010.81. Intel Introduces Solid­State Drives for Notebook and Desktop Computers (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2008/20080908comp.htm). Intel (September 8, 2008).

Retrieved on July 8, 2011.82. Intel's X25­M Solid State Drive Reviewed : Intel's First Flash SSD Ready for Vertical Take­Off (http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/Intel­x25­m­SSD,2012.html). Tomshardware

(September 8, 2008). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.83. Intel X25­M SSD: Intel Delivers One of the World's Fastest Drives (http://www.anandtech.com/show/2614). AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.84. World, The PC. (October 26, 2009) The PC World 100: Best Products of 2009 (http://www.pcworld.com/article/174171/the_pc_world_100_best_products_of_2009.html). PC World.

Retrieved on July 8, 2011.85. Intel X­25M (http://www.maximumpc.com/article/reviews/intel_x25m). Maximum PC (November 17, 2008). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.86. Intel Ships Enterprise­Class Solid­State Drives (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2008/20081015comp.htm). Intel (October 15, 2008). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.87. Intel X25­M G2: Dissected and Performance Preview (http://www.anandtech.com/show/2808). AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.88. Intel's 3rd Generation X25­M SSD Specs Revealed (http://www.anandtech.com/show/3965/intels­3rd­generation­x25m­ssd­specs­revealed). AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.89. Intel Delivers Industry's First 34­Nanometer NAND Flash Solid­State Drives; Advancement Lowers Prices by Up to 60 Percent

(http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2009/20090721comp.htm). Intel (July 21, 2009). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.90. Intel, Micron Introduce 25­Nanometer NAND – The Smallest, Most Advanced Process Technology in the Semiconductor Industry

(http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2010/20100201comp.htm). Intel (February 1, 2010). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.91. Intel Brings Affordable Solid­State Computing to Netbooks and Desktop PCs (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2010/20100315comp.htm). Intel (March 15, 2010).

Retrieved on July 8, 2011.92. Intel's SSD 310: G2 Performance in an mSATA Form Factor (http://www.anandtech.com/show/4078/intels­ssd­310­g2­performance­in­an­msata­form­factor). AnandTech. Retrieved

on July 8, 2011.93. Intel Newsroom: News Stories: New Intel® Solid­State Drive 310 Series Offers Full SSD Performance in 1/8th the Size

(http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2010/12/29/new­intel­solid­state­drive­310­series­offers­full­ssd­performance­in­18th­the­size). Newsroom.intel(December 29, 2010). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.

94. Intel Newsroom: News Stories: Intel Announces Next in Solid­State Drive Line Up: Intel® SSD 510 Series Featuring Super­Fast 6Gbps SATA Throughput(http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2011/02/28/intel­announces­next­in­solid­state­drive­line­up­intel­ssd­510­series­featuring­super­fast­6gbps­sata­throughput). Newsroom.intel (February 28, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.

95. The Intel SSD 510 Review (http://www.anandtech.com/show/4202/the­intel­ssd­510­review). AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.96. Intel Newsroom: News Stories: Intel Announces Third­Generation SSD: Intel® Solid­State Drive 320 Series

(http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2011/03/28/intel­announces­third­generation­ssd­intel­solid­state­drive­320­series). Newsroom.intel (March 28, 2011).Retrieved on July 8, 2011.

97. The Intel SSD 320 Review: 25nm G3 is Finally Here (http://www.anandtech.com/show/4244/intel­ssd­320­review). AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.98. Intel & Micron Announce First 20nm MLC NAND Flash for Use in SSDs (http://www.anandtech.com/show/4271/intel­micron­announce­first­20nm­mlc­nand­flash­for­use­in­ssds).

AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.99. "Intel SSD 520 Series Solid State Drive Review" (http://hothardware.com/Reviews/Intel­SSD­520­Series­SandforceBased­Solid­State­Drive­Review/). HotHardware.com. February 6,

2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012.100. "New Intel flash hardness performs faster for less: 330­series SSD is cheap as chips" (http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/04/03/intel_330_ssd/). The Register. April 3, 2012. Retrieved

April 15, 2012.101. "Intel SSD 330 listed with SandForce and low price?" (http://www.nordichardware.com/news/86­storage/45656­intel­ssd­330­listed­with­sandforce­and­low­price.html).

NordicHardware.com. April 5, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012.102. Products (Formerly Ephraim) (http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?codeName=30284). Intel. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.103. Miller, Ross. "Intel unveils 120GB X25­M SSD, tinkers with 80GB / 160GB model price tags" (http://www.engadget.com/2010/11/13/intel­unveils­120gb­x25­m­ssd­tinkers­with­

80gb­160gb­model­p). Engadget. Retrieved April 29, 2012.104. Intel® SSD X25­V Series (40GB, 2.5in SATA 3 Gbit/s, 34nm, MLC) (http://ark.intel.com/Product.aspx?id=56607). Intel. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.105. "Intel Solid­State Drive 310 Series" (http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/product­specifications/ssd­310­specification.pdf) (PDF). Intel. February 2011.

Retrieved March 19, 2014.106. Products (Formerly Soda Creek) (http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?codeName=49053). Intel. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.107. Intel® SSD 500 Family Family (http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?familyID=56572). Intel. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.108. Intel 320 Series 300GB SATA II SSD Review – Intel Maintains Focus On SATA II SSD Consumer Need (http://thessdreview.com/our­reviews/intel­320­series­300gb­sata­ii­ssd­

review­intel­maintains­focus­on­sata­ii­ssd­consumer­need/). The SSD Review (March 28, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.109. Intel® SSD 300 Family Family (http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?familyID=56542). Intel. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 16/19

109. Intel® SSD 300 Family Family (http://ark.intel.com/ProductCollection.aspx?familyID=56542). Intel. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.110. Intel debuts 311 series SSD (http://hw­lab.com/intel­announced­ssd­311­series.html). hw­lab (May 16, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.111. "Intel Smart Response Technology Explained" (http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/Intel­Smart­Response­Technology­Explained/1292/2). Hardware Secrets. Retrieved January 8,

2013.112. Intel SSD 311 (Larson Creek): Z68­Optimized : The Intel Z68 Express Review: A Real Enthusiast Chipset (http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/intel­z68­express­smart­response­

technology­ssd­caching,2938­4.html). Tomshardware (May 11, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.113. Intel SSD 710 and 720 Series Specifications Revealed (http://www.anandtech.com/show/4452/intel­710­and­720­ssd­specifications). AnandTech. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.114. Intel 710 and 720 series SSD specs leaked (http://hw­lab.com/intel­710­and­720­series­ssd­specs­leaked.html). hw­lab (June 15, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.115. Vättö, Kristian. "Intel SSD 313 Series Launched" (http://www.anandtech.com/show/5721/intel­ssd­313­series­launched). AnandTech.com. Retrieved November 4, 2012.116. "Intel 910 Series Product Specification" (http://download.intel.com/newsroom/kits/ssd/pdfs/Intel­SSD­910­Series_ProdSpec.pdf) (PDF). April 2012. Retrieved April 23, 2012.117. Shimpi, Anand (April 4, 2012). "Intel's SSD 910: Finally a PCIe SSD from Intel" (http://www.anandtech.com/show/5743/intels­ssd­910­400800gb­mlchet­pcie­shipping­in­1h­2012).

Retrieved April 23, 2012.118. "Intel 335 Specifications" (http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/product­specifications/ssd­335­specification.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved October 29, 2012.119. Tokar, Les (October 29, 2012). "Intel 335 Series SSD Review — Low Price and Performance Through 20nm MLC Memory" (http://thessdreview.com/our­reviews/intel­335­series­

ssd­review­20nm­fab­brings­performance­and­value/). Retrieved October 29, 2012.120. "Intel Solid­State Drive DC S3700 Series: Specification" (http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/solid­state­drives/ssd­dc­s3700­spec.html). Retrieved December 7, 2012.121. Ryan, Christopher. "Intel DC S3700 Data Center SSD Review" (http://thessdreview.com/our­reviews/s3700/). Retrieved December 7, 2012.122. Seah, Lennard (November 24, 2012). "Intel SSD 525 180GB mSATA" (http://vr­zone.com/articles/intel­ssd­525­180gb­msata­­speedy­gonzales­for­small­form­factors/18034.html).

Retrieved December 3, 2012.123. "Products (Formerly Lincoln Crest)" (http://ark.intel.com/products/codename/60903/Lincoln­Crest). Retrieved March 8, 2013.124. "Intel Solid­State Drive DC S3500 Series: Specification" (http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/solid­state­drives/ssd­dc­s3500­spec.html). Retrieved December 7, 2012.125. "Products (Formerly Wolfsville)" (http://ark.intel.com/products/codename/58623/Wolfsville). Retrieved December 7, 2012.126. "Intel SSD 530 Series Product Brief" (http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/solid­state­drives/ssd­530­brief.html). July 2013. Retrieved July 24, 2013.127. brarunr (July 2, 2013). "Intel SSD 530 Series Arrives Next Week" (http://www.techpowerup.com/186565/intel­ssd­530­series­arrives­next­week.html). Retrieved July 24, 2013.128. "Intel SSD Pro 1500 Series Product Brief" (http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/solid­state­drives/ssd­pro­1500­series­brief.html). August 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2013.129. Linden, Josh (September 9, 2013). "Intel Pro 1500 Series Headlines New Intel SSD Professional Family"

(http://www.storagereview.com/intel_pro_1500_series_headlines_new_intel_ssd_professional_family). Retrieved September 9, 2013.130. Aharonovich, Amir (March 28, 2013). "Intel to Release New Enterprise and Datacenter SSDs" (http://www.storagelook.com/intel­release­enterprise­datacenter­ssds/). StorageLook.

Retrieved September 9, 2013.131. "Intel SSD Roadmap Leaks" (http://www.myce.com/news/intel­ssd­roadmap­leaks­reveals­temple­star­ssds­and­heatsinks­69768/). MyCE. December 4, 2013. Retrieved December 10,

2013.132. Kirsch, Nathan (December 5, 2013). "Intel SSD Roadmaps Leaked" (http://www.legitreviews.com/intel­ssd­roadmaps­leaked­shows­2tb­2­5­inch­ssd­coming­2014_130204).

LegitReviews. Retrieved December 10, 2013.133. "Intel 730 Jackson Ridge 240GB SSD Review" (http://www.kitguru.net/components/ssd­drives/zardon/intel­730­jackson­ridge­240gb­ssd­review/). KitGuru. Retrieved March 6, 2014.134. "Intel NVM Data Center SSD Product Brief" (http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/product­briefs/intel­ssd­dc­family­for­pcie­brief.pdf) (PDF). Intel.

Retrieved June 10, 2014.135. "Intel SSD DC P3700 Review: The PCIe SSD Transition Begins with NVMe" (http://www.anandtech.com/show/8104/intel­ssd­dc­p3700­review­the­pcie­ssd­transition­begins­with­

nvme). Anandtech.com. June 3, 2014. Retrieved June 10, 2014.136. Wilson, Gregory (1994). "The History of the Development of Parallel Computing" (http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Parallel.html). Retrieved November 11, 2010.137. "iWarp Project" (http://www­2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/iwarp/archive/WWW­pages/iwarp.html). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved November 11, 2010.138. Shah, Agam (November 17, 2014), Intel turns to light beams to speed up supercomputers (http://www.computerworld.com/article/2848400/components­processors/intel­turns­to­light­

beams­to­speed­up­supercomputers.html), Computerworld139. McCausland, Richard (May 24, 1993). "Counterpunch: Amx86 buyers get 'legal aid.' – Advanced Micro Devices offers legal aid to manufactures of Amx86­based machines warned by

Intel Corp. to take out patent licenses" (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EKF/is_n1964_v39/ai_13901771). FindArticles (LookSmart Ltd.). Retrieved July 12, 2007.140. "Worker Pleads Not Guilty in Intel Spy Case" (http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE7D81239F933A15753C1A963958260). The New York Times. October 20, 1995.

Retrieved July 12, 2007.141. "Ex­Intel Engineer Sentenced to Prison Term" (http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E01E0DE1239F936A15755C0A960958260). The New York Times. June 25, 1996.

Retrieved July 12, 2007.142. "Ex­Intel employee pleads guilty – Guillermo Gaede pleads guilty to stealing Intel trade secrets – Industry Legal Issue"

(http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EKF/is_n2109_v42/ai_18135525). findarticles.com (LookSmart, Ltd.). March 25, 1996. Retrieved July 12, 2007.143. Jobs: New Intel Macs are 'screamers' (http://archive.is/20121205231533/http://news.cnet.com/Jobs+New+Intel+Macs+are+screamers/2100­7354_3­6025409.html) news.com144. Bhagat, Nancy (July 31, 2007). "Views@Intel – Sprinter Ad (Blog post)" (http://blogs.intel.com/views/2007/07/sprinter_ad.html). blogs.intel.com. Intel Corporation. Retrieved

August 9, 2007.145. MacDonald, Don. "Apologies from Intel for Sprinter Ad" (http://raceshallslur.blogspot.com/2007/08/intel­core­duo­ad­controversy.html). Intel Corporation. Retrieved August 9, 2007.146. Lemon, Sumner. "Intel's Classmate PC Enrolls" (http://www.pcworld.com/article/132748/intels_classmate_pc_enrolls.html). PC World. Retrieved October 21, 2011.147. "2011 Excellence in Design Awards" (http://www.appliancedesign.com/HTML/EID/59b1367daf848010VgnVCM100000f932a8c0). EID Awards. Appliance Design. Retrieved

October 21, 2011.148. "Spark Award 2008" (http://www.sparkawards.com/Galleries/09_Entries.htm?appid=1948). Spark Awards. Retrieved October 21, 2011.149. "iF design award china 2008" (http://www.ifdesign.de/beitragsdetails_e.html?offset=19&sprache=1&award_id=161&beitrag_id=42577). International Design Forum Hanover. Retrieved

October 21, 2011.150. CPU World. "Intel mobile CPUs to launch in June 2011 (http://www.cpu­world.com/news_2011/2011061601_Intel_mobile_CPUs_to_launch_in_June_2011.html)." CPU World. June

16, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2011.151. Jeffrey Burt, eWeek. "Intel Gains Chip Market Share Due to Sandy Bridge: IHS iSuppli (http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops­and­Notebooks/Intel­Gains­Chip­Market­Share­Due­to­

Sandy­Bridge­IHS­iSuppli­692064/)." September 28, 2011. Retrieved October 7, 2011.152. Brooke Crothers, CNET. "Intel maps out tablet plans through 2014 (http://news.cnet.com/8301­13924_3­20075602­64/intel­maps­out­tablet­plans­through­2014/?

part=rss&subj=news&tag=2547­1_3­0­20)." June 30, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.153. Agam Shah, IDG News. "Intel's New Smartphone Chip Is Key ARM Battle (http://www.pcworld.com/article/229596/intels_new_smartphone_chip_is_key_arm_battle.html)." June 7,

2011. Retrieved July 8, 2011.154. WILL KNIGHT, Technology Review. "Intel Chases a More Power­Efficient Future (http://www.technologyreview.com/energy/38578/?p1=A4)." September 14, 2011. Retrieved

September 19, 2011.155. Chris Nuttall, Financial Times. "Intel and Google form Android chip alliance (http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/544c33a8­de3b­11e0­9fb7­00144feabdc0.html#axzz1YRA3N2Dr)."

September 13, 2011. Retrieved September 19, 2011.156. All Geek. "Intel to Officially Support Android 2.3 Gingerbread by January 2012 (http://www.allgeek.tv/2011/09/12/intel­to­officially­support­android­2­3­gingerbread­by­january­

2012/)." September 12, 2011. Retrieved September 19, 2011.157. James Niccolai, IDG News. "Intel Adds Sensors to Aid Data Center Cooling

(http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/235282/intel_adds_sensors_to_aid_data_center_cooling.html)." PC World. July 8, 2011. Retrieved July 8, 2011.158. Rick Merritt, EE Times. "Intel describes 22nm Ivy Bridge CPUs (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4227214/Intel­describes­22nm­Ivy­Bridge­CPUs)." September 13, 2011.

Retrieved September 14, 2011.159. Peter Sayer, IDG News. "Intel Hopes POEM Will Encourage Office Staff to Save Energy

(http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/234916/intel_hopes_poem_will_encourage_office_staff_to_save_energy.html)." PC World. July 8, 2011. Retrieved July 8, 2011.160. Radu Tyrsina, Mobile Mag. "Intel working on streaming video car alarm systems (http://www.mobilemag.com/2011/08/02/intel­working­on­streaming­video­car­alarm­systems/)."

August 2, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2011.161. Clark, Jack (November 22, 2013). "Chipzilla couldn't keep up with ARM­dominated mobe world" (http://www.channelregister.co.uk/2013/11/22/intel_end_of_wintel/).

channelregister.co.uk. The Register. Retrieved December 3, 2013.162. Hargreaves, Steve (January 17, 2014). "Intel to cut over 5,000 jobs" (http://money.cnn.com/2014/01/17/technology/intel­jobs/). cnn.com. CNNMoney. Retrieved January 17, 2014.163. "How Intel is buying a piece of the tablet market" (http://www.pcworld.com/article/2089421/how­intel­is­buying­a­piece­of­the­tablet­market.html). www.pcworld.com. PCWorld.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 17/19

163. "How Intel is buying a piece of the tablet market" (http://www.pcworld.com/article/2089421/how­intel­is­buying­a­piece­of­the­tablet­market.html). www.pcworld.com. PCWorld.January 17, 2014. Retrieved January 17, 2014.

164. Karimzadeh, Marc (January 7, 2014). "Intel Making Fashion Push Into Wearable Technology" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion­news/fashion­scoops/tech­to­wear­7335247). WWD.Retrieved January 13, 2014.

165. Dan Nystedt (February 24, 2009). "HP Overtakes Dell as Intel's Largest Customer" (http://www.pcworld.com/article/160080/hp_overtakes_dell_as_intels_largest_customer.html). PCWorld. Retrieved February 24, 2009.

166. "Intel Announces Management Changes" (http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2012/01/20/intel­announces­management­changes) (Press release). Intel. January20, 2012. Retrieved December 25, 2012.

167. Terrence O'Brien (November 19, 2012). "Intel CEO Paul Otellini to step down in May, leaves a legacy of x86 dominance" (http://www.engadget.com/2012/11/19/intel­ceo­paul­otellini­to­step­down­in­may/). Engadget. AOL Inc. Retrieved May 16, 2013.

168. Peter Kastner (May 6, 2013). "On the Impact of Paul Otellini's CEO Years at Intel" (http://techpinions.com/on­the­impact­of­paul­otellinis­ceo­years­at­intel/15800). Tech.pinions.Tech.pinions. Retrieved May 16, 2013.

169. ALEXIS C. MADRIGAL (May 16, 2013). "Paul Otellini's Intel: Can the Company That Built the Future Survive It?" (http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/05/can­the­company­that­built­the­future­survive­it/275825/). The Atlantic Monthly. The Atlantic Media Group. Retrieved May 16, 2013.

170. "Intel Board Elects Brian Krzanich as CEO" (http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2013/05/02/intel­board­elects­brian­krzanich­as­ceo) (Press release). Intel.Retrieved May 4, 2013.

171. DON CLARK; JOANN S. LUBLIN (May 2, 2013). "Intel's CEO Pick Is Predictable, but Not Its No. 2"(http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324766604578458650267324178.html#articleTabs%3Dvideo). The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 16, 2013.

172. Tom Foremski (May 1, 2013). "Meet Intel's King Makers ­ A Truly Exemplary Board Of Directors"(http://www.siliconvalleywatcher.com/mt/archives/2013/05/meet_intels_king_make.php). Silicon Valley Watcher. Tom Foremski. Retrieved May 16, 2013.

173. "Intel supone el 4,9 por ciento del PIB de Costa Rica" (http://eleconomista.es/empresas­finanzas/noticias/81837/10/06/Intel­supone­el­49­por­ciento­del­PIB­de­Costa­Rica.html) (inSpanish). El Economista. October 6, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2008.

174. Rogoway, Mike (October 24, 2012). "Intel makes a bet on the future, and Oregon, with massive Hillsboro expansion" (http://www.oregonlive.com/silicon­forest/index.ssf/2012/10/intel_makes_a_bet_on_oregon_an.html). The Oregonian (Portland, Oregon). Retrieved October 7, 2013.

175. Suh, Elizabeth (October 28, 2007). Home of Oregon's largest employer and much more.(http://www.oregonlive.com/special/oregonian/index.ssf?/base/news/1192589730189230.xml&coll=7) The Oregonian.

176. Mads Ølholm, semiaccurate. "Intel: Chinese microprocessor development inefficient (http://semiaccurate.com/2011/06/13/intel­chinese­microprocessor­development­inefficient/)." June13, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2011.

177. Peter Clarke, EE Times. "Israel offers Intel $290 million for expansion (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4218253/Israel­Intel­grant­expand)." July 27, 2011. Retrieved July 27,2011.

178. "Intel to cut more than 5,000 employees" (http://venturebeat.com/2014/01/17/intel­to­cut­more­than­5000­employees/#!). Venture Beat. January 18, 2014.179. IsraelBizReg — Israel Company Profiles. "Intel to invest $6 billion in Israel in unprecedented deal (https://www.israelbizreg.com/blog/intel­invest­6­billion­israel­unprecedented­

deal)." May 8, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.180. "Jobs at Intel – Diversity" (http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/index.htm). Intel Corporation. Retrieved July 28, 2007.181. Intel Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual or Transgender Employees Home Page (http://www.intelglbt.org/). Intelglbt.org (July 16, 2008). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.182. "Jobs at Intel – Diversity, Employee Groups (Intel Muslim Employee Group)"

(https://web.archive.org/web/20060624003954/http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/people/emplgroups.htm?grp=13). Intel Corporation. Archived from the original(http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/people/emplgroups.htm?grp=13) on June 24, 2006. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

183. "Jobs at Intel – Diversity, Employee Groups (Intel Jewish Community)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080202081009/http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/people/emplgroups.htm?grp=11). Intel Corporation. Archived from the original (http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/people/emplgroups.htm?grp=11) on February 2, 2008. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

184. "Jobs at Intel – Diversity, Employee Groups (Intel Bible­Based Christian Network)"(https://web.archive.org/web/20070311222133/http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/people/emplgroups.htm?grp=7). Intel Corporation. Archived from the original(http://www.intel.com/jobs/diversity/people/emplgroups.htm?grp=7) on March 11, 2007. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

185. Intel Bible­Based Christian Network (IBCN) website (http://ibcn.org/). IBCN (April 8, 2011). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.186. Intel to invest $300 million in tech, game diversity (http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/233716/Intel_to_invest_300_million_in_tech_game_diversity.php). Graft, Kris. Gamasutra.

January 7, 2015187. Intel Announces $300 Million Tech Diversity Initiative (http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2474749,00.asp). Moscaritolo, Angela. PC Magazine. January 7, 2015188. Intel CEO Outlines Future of Computing (http://newsroom.intel.com/community/intel_newsroom/blog/2015/01/06/intel­ceo­outlines­future­of­computing). Intel, January 6, 2015189. Nick Wingfield, "Intel Budgets $300 Million for Diversity (http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/07/technology/intel­budgets­300­million­for­diversity.html)", The New York Times190. Intel announces fund for greater tech diversity (http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2015­01/07/intel­diversity). Kamen, Matt. Wired UK, January 7, 2015191. Eckert, Kurt. "Intel Boosts County, State Economies." Hillsboro Argus. October 18, 2011. http://www.oregonlive.com/argus/index.ssf/2011/10/intel_boosts_county_state_econ.html192. ECONorthwest. "Economic Impacts of Intel's Oregon Operations, 2009." Prepared for Intel. October 2011.

http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/reports/intel­oregon­economic­impact­report.pdf193. "Wireless company dumps Rio Rancho" (http://www.usatoday.com/tech/wireless/data/2004­08­18­usurf­dumps­rio­rancho_x.htm). USA Today. August 18, 2004. Retrieved

February 28, 2009.194. "RIO RANCHO school district" (http://www.riorancho.com/rrsch.html). Riorancho.com. Retrieved July 29, 2010.195. "Intel in Your Community – New Mexico – News Room" (http://www.intel.com/community/newmexico/media.htm). Intel Corporation. Retrieved July 29, 2010.196. Rick Merritt, EE Times. "Intel Capital launches $300M ultrabook fund (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4218699/Intel­Capital­launches­­300M­ultrabook­fund)." August 10, 2011.

Retrieved August 11, 2011.197. Jeffrey Burt, eWeek. "Intel Ultrabook Partners Look for Cut in Chip Prices: Report (http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Mobile­and­Wireless/Intel­Ultrabook­Partners­Look­for­Cut­in­Chip­

Prices­Report­830199/)." September 20, 2011. Retrieved September 28, 2011.198. Rick Merritt, EE Times. "Intel shows progress on ultrabook vision (http://eetimes.com/electronics­news/4227333/Intel­shows­progress­on­ultrabook­vision)." September 14, 2011.

Retrieved September 14, 2011.199. Shilov, Anton. "Intel Readies "Ivy Bridge" Processors with 7W ­ 13W Power Consumption."

(http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20121205221523_Intel_Readies_Ivy_Bridge_Processors_with_10W_and_13W_Thermal_Design_Power.html). X­bit labs. RetrievedFebruary 19, 2013.

200. Aaron Lee & Joseph Tsai, DIGITIMES. "Intel downstream partners request CPU price drop (http://www.digitimes.com/news/a20110919PD214.html)." September 20, 2011. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2011.

201. Hruska, Joel. (July 15, 2008) Intel posts record­breaking Q2 earnings (http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080715­intel­posts­record­breaking­q2­earnings.html). Arstechnica.com.Retrieved on July 8, 2011.

202. "Intel Inside Program: Anatomy of a Brand Campaign" (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/intel_inside.htm). Intel Corporation. Retrieved July 22, 2011.203. http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=29096204. Elliott, Stuart (August 24, 1994). "Intel plans a huge fall campaign for Pentium, its latest and most powerful computer chip." (http://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/24/business/media­

business­advertising­intel­plans­huge­fall­campaign­for­pentium­its­latest.html). The New York Times.205. "Intel mulls branding for handheld chips" (http://news.cnet.com/Intel­mulls­branding­for­handheld­chips/2100­1041_3­1014468.html).206. Elliott, Stuart (October 11, 2007). " 'Intel inside' ad campaign shifts focus to the Web" (http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/10/11/business/adco.php?WT.mc_id=atomtechnology).

International Herald Tribune. Retrieved October 12, 2007.207. "Intel 2010 Annual Report" (http://www.intc.com/intelAR2010/financial/statements/note2/). Intel. 2010. Retrieved July 23, 2011.208. Paul Morley (October 19, 2003). "Boot me up, Dessie" (http://observer.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4774366­111639,00.html). The Observer (UK). Retrieved January 17, 2009.209. Shah, Agam. "Intel's Chip Renaming Strategy Meets Resistance" (http://www.pcworld.com/article/166973/intels_chip_renaming_strategy_meets_resistance.html). PC World. Retrieved

June 22, 2009.210. Hachman, Mark (June 17, 2009). "Intel Simplifying its Processor Branding" (http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2348923,00.asp). PC Magazine. Retrieved July 6, 2009.211. Anton Shilov, XBitLabs. "Intel Quietly Starts to Sell New "Unlocked" Core i7 Chip

(http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/cpu/display/20111024150841_Intel_Quietly_Starts_to_Sell_New_Unlocked_Core_i7_Chip.html)." October 24, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2011.212. "01.org" (https://01.org/zh/about). 01.org. Retrieved November 26, 2014.213. "FreeBSD Kernel Interfaces Manual" (http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=em). freebsd.org. The FreeBSD Project. November 27, 2005. Retrieved August 5, 2007.214. Intel Corporation. OpenBSD, ed. "if_em.c (Intel PRO/1000 10/100/Gigabit Ethernet device)" (http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/pci/if_em.c). BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 18/19

214. Intel Corporation. OpenBSD, ed. "if_em.c (Intel PRO/1000 10/100/Gigabit Ethernet device)" (http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/pci/if_em.c). BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSDsrc/sys/dev/pci/.

215. "fxp/fxp­license" (http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/sys/dev/microcode/fxp/fxp­license). BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD src/sys/dev/microcode/.216. About (http://www.lesswatts.org/about.php). Lesswatts.org. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.217. Varghese, Sam (March 1, 2005). "OpenBSD to support more wireless chipsets" (http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2005/03/01/1109546842718.html). The Age (Melbourne, Australia:

The Age Company Ltd). Retrieved August 5, 2007.218. Robertson, Michael (March 19, 2003). "Is Intel's "Centrino" Techno­Latin for "No Linux?" " (http://www.michaelrobertson.com/archive.php?minute_id=56). michaelrobertson.com.

Retrieved August 5, 2007.219. de Raadt, Theo (September 30, 2006). "Intel: Only "Open" for Business" (http://www.undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20060930232710&mode=expanded). OpenBSD Journal.

Retrieved August 5, 2007.220. "ipw.4 — Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 IEEE 802.11b wireless network device, Sh FILES" (http://bxr.su/OpenBSD/share/man/man4/ipw.4#92). BSD Cross Reference, OpenBSD

share/man/man4/. February 15, 2014. Retrieved December 28, 2014. "These firmware files are not free because Intel refuses to grant distribution rights without contractual obligations.As a result, even though OpenBSD includes the driver, the firmware files cannot be included and users have to find these files on their own. The official person to state your views toabout this issue is majid.awad@intel.com." See also: ipw (http://mdoc.su/o/ipw.4), iwi (http://mdoc.su/o/iwi.4), wpi (http://mdoc.su/o/wpi.4) and iwn (http://mdoc.su/o/iwn.4).

221. "Corrales Comment" (http://www.corralescomment.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=717&Itemid=2). corralescomment.com.222. Corrales Comment 11/25/2006 Intel Pollution Unresolved (http://www.corralescomment.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=594&Itemid=2).223. Corrales Comment: Intel Pollution Control Shut Down Probed (http://www.corralescomment.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=616&Itemid=2)224. Intel Corporate Responsibility Report (http://www.intel.com/intel/cr/gcr/overview.htm?iid=intel_corp+rhc_visit_report). Intel.com. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.225. Lezhnev, Sasha; Alex Hellmuth (Aug 2012). "Taking Conflict Out of Consumer Gadgets: Company Rankings on Conflict Minerals 2012"

(http://www.enoughproject.org/files/CorporateRankings2012.pdf) (PDF). Enough Project. Retrieved August 17, 2012.226. Miller, Joe (January 7, 2014). "Intel vows to stop using 'conflict minerals' in new chips" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology­25636001). www.bbc.co.uk. The BBC. Retrieved

January 7, 2014.227. " 'Sabbath' protest targets Intel" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8360429.stm). BBC News. November 14, 2009. Retrieved March 31, 2010.228. "Intel Sued for Discrimination", Pittsburgh Post­Gazette, January 30, 1993, B­12.229. Alster, Norm, (December 7, 1998). "Techies complain of age biases" (http://www.programmersguild.org/archives/lib/agediscimination/upm19981207older.htm), Upside Magazine.

Retrieved on July 8, 2011.230. Weinberg, Neal (September 14, 1998). "Help Wanted: Older workers need not apply" (http://www.cnn.com/TECH/computing/9809/14/tooold.idg/index.html). CNN Retrieved on July

8, 2011.231. Goodin, Dan (April 28, 1999) "Court blocks former Intel employee's spam" (http://news.cnet.com/Court­blocks­former­Intel­employees­spam/2100­1023_3­225092.html). CNET

News. Retrieved on July 8, 2011.232. "10 brands you'll have to give up if you're boycotting Israel" (http://www.csmonitor.com/World/2014/0130/10­brands­you­ll­have­to­give­up­if­you­re­boycotting­Israel/Intel).

Christian Science Monitor. August 5, 2014. Retrieved August 5, 2014.233. Fried, Ian (April 4, 2001). "Intel, AMD sign new licensing deal" (http://archive.is/9iBs). news.cnet.com (CNET Networks, Inc). Archived from the original

(http://news.cnet.com/2100­1040­257059.html) on December 16, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2007.234. "Patent Cross License Agreement – Advanced Micro Devices Inc. and Intel Corp." (http://contracts.corporate.findlaw.com/agreements/amd/intel.license.2001.01.01.html). Findlaws,

Inc. Retrieved September 15, 2007.235. Lohr, Steve. "Intel's Profit Falls 25% With Decline in Chip Sales" (http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/17/technology/intel­profits­fall­as­pc­slump­cuts­demand­for­chips.html?_r=0).

The New York Times. Retrieved April 17, 2013.236. Morgan, Timothy. "ARM Holdings eager for PC and server expansion" (http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/02/01/arm_holdings_q4_2010_numbers/). The Register. Retrieved April 17,

2013.237. "Intel Files Response To AMD Complaint" (https://web.archive.org/web/20060624004033/http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20050901corp.htm). Intel Corporation

(Press release). September 1, 2005. Archived from the original (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20050901corp.htm) on June 24, 2006. Retrieved July 28, 2007.238. Whelan, David (September 2, 2005). "Intel's Legal Strategy Takes Shape" (http://www.forbes.com/technology/2005/09/02/intel­amd­antitrust­cz_dw_0902intel.html). Forbes.

Retrieved July 28, 2007.239. "AMD, Intel Battle Wages On As EU Decision Nears" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080216022410/http://www.amd.com/us­

en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/AMD_Intel_Battle.pdf) (PDF). AMD. Portfolio Media, Inc. March 20, 2006. Archived from the original (http://www.amd.com/us­en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/AMD_Intel_Battle.pdf) (PDF) on February 16, 2008. Retrieved January 7, 2008.

240. Krazit, Tom (September 1, 2005). "Update: Intel issues formal response to AMD's antitrust lawsuit" (http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/09/01/HNintelresponse_1.html).infoworld.com (IDG News Service). Retrieved January 7, 2008.

241. "Intel, AMD Lawsuit Pushed Off to 2010" (http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops­and­Notebooks/Intel­AMD­Lawsuit­Pushed­Off­to­2010/). eWeek. Retrieved June 12, 2008.242. Shankland, Stephen (November 12, 2009). "What Intel just bought for $1.25 billion: Less risk" (http://news.cnet.com/8301­13578_3­10396798­38.html). CNET News. Retrieved

July 29, 2010.243. "Transmeta Announces Patent Infringement Lawsuit Against Intel Corporation" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070501122930/http://investor.transmeta.com/ReleaseDetail.cfm?

ReleaseID=214275). investor.transmeta.com (Press release) (Transmeta Corporation). October 11, 2006. Archived from the original (http://investor.transmeta.com/ReleaseDetail.cfm?ReleaseID=214275) on May 1, 2007. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

244. "Transmeta settles patent suit with Intel" (http://www.reuters.com/article/technology­media­telco­SP/idUSWNAS782620071024). Reuters. October 24, 2007. Retrieved October 25,2007.

245. "AMD and Intel Announce Settlement of All Antitrust and IP Disputes" (http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2009/20091112corp_a.htm?cid=rss­90004­c1­245235). IntelCorporation. Retrieved July 29, 2010.

246. "AMD and Intel Announce Settlement of All Antitrust and IP Disputes" (http://www.amd.com/us/press­releases/Pages/amd­press­release­2009nov12.aspx). Amd.com. RetrievedJuly 29, 2010.

247. Bill Singer (November 19, 2012). "After Apple, Google, Adobe, Intel, Pixar, And Intuit, Antitrust Employment Charges Hit eBay"(http://www.forbes.com/sites/billsinger/2012/11/19/after­apple­google­adobe­pixar­google­and­intuit­antitrust­employment­charges­hit­ebay/). Forbes.

248. "Apple, Google agree to settle lawsuit alleging hiring, salary conspiracy" (http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/apple­google­agree­to­settle­lawsuit­alleging­hiring­salary­conspiracy/2014/04/24/56f1bb32­cbff­11e3­95f7­7ecdde72d2ea_story.html?tid=hpModule_a2e19bf4­86a3­11e2­9d71­f0feafdd1394). Washington Post.

249. "EU files new competition charges against Intel" (http://uk.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUKL1730607220080718?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0). Reuters. July 17,2008.

250. Europe files more antitrust complaints against Intel – MarketWatch (http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/europe­files­more­antitrust­complaints/story.aspx?guid=6B204911­970B­468B­9E40­09787DDB4345&dist=msr_4). Marketwatch (July 17, 2008). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.

251. Predatory pricing or old­fashioned competition? – (http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/06/20/business/wbjoe21.php). International Herald Tribune (March 29, 2009). Retrieved on July 8,2011.

252. "Intel to abide by Japan FTC recommendations" (http://news.cnet.com/Intel­to­abide­by­Japan­FTC­recommendations/2100­1014_3­5649589.html). CNET News. Retrieved on July 8,2011.

253. "Competition: Commission confirms sending of Statement of Objections to Intel" (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/07/314&). Europa (web portal).July 27, 2007. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

254. Lawsky, David (July 27, 2007). "UPDATE 4­EU says Intel tried to squeeze out Advanced Micro Devices"(http://www.reuters.com/article/governmentFilingsNews/idUSL2783620520070727?sp=true). Reuters. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

255. Lawsky, David (July 27, 2007). "Intel says EU made errors in antitrust charges" (http://www.reuters.com/article/technology­media­telco­SP/idUSL2788098920070727?sp=true).Reuters. Retrieved July 28, 2007.

256. "EU regulator raids Intel offices" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7241022.stm). BBC News. February 12, 2008. Retrieved February 12, 2008.257. "EU outlines Intel 'market abuse' " (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6918975.stm). BBC News. July 27, 2007. Retrieved July 28, 2007.258. Clarke, Peter (August 8, 2007). "AMD sets up website to tell "the truth about Intel" " (http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=201303681). eetimes.com

(CMP Media LLC). Retrieved August 9, 2007.259. "AMD Break Free" (http://breakfree.amd.com/en­us/default.aspx). breakfree.amd.com. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. July 31, 2007. Retrieved August 9, 2007.260. Harrison, Pete (July 17, 2008). "EU files new competition charges against Intel" (http://uk.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUKL1730607220080718). Reuters. Retrieved

September 10, 2008.

5/1/2015 Intel ­ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel 19/19

Wikimedia Commons hasmedia related to Intel.

External links

Intel (https://www.dmoz.org/Computers/Companies/Product_Support/Intel) at DMOZIntel official website (http://www.intel.com/)Intel Developer Zone (http://software.intel.com/)

Business data for INTEL CORP.: · Hoover's (http://www.hoovers.com/company­information/cs/company­profile.Intel_Corporation.b4f2f5cfd938b4ec.html) ·Reuters (http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/overview?symbol=INTC) · SEC filings (https://www.sec.gov/cgi­bin/browse­edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=50863)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intel&oldid=660153927"

Categories: Intel microprocessors Companies in the NASDAQ­100 Index Intel Corporation 1968 establishments in California American brandsCompanies based in Santa Clara, California Companies established in 1968 Companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Average Companies listed on NASDAQComputer companies of the United States Computer hardware companies Foundry semiconductor companies Mobile phone manufacturersMotherboard companies Multinational companies headquartered in the United States Netbook manufacturers Semiconductor companiesSuperfund sites in California Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area

This page was last modified on 1 May 2015, at 00:33.Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution­ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use andPrivacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non­profit organization.

September 10, 2008.261. "The Chips Are Down: Intel's $1.45 billion Fine" (http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1897913,00.html). TIME. May 13, 2009. Retrieved May 13, 2009.262. "Antitrust: Commission imposes fine of €1.06 bn on Intel for abuse of dominant position; orders Intel to cease illegal practices", reference: IP/09/745, date: May 13, 2009

(http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/09/745&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en). Europa.eu (May 13, 2009). Retrieved on July 8, 2011.263. Neelie Kroes, "Commission takes antitrust action against Intel", introductory remarks at press conference, Brussels, May 13, 2009 (http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?

reference=SPEECH/09/241&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en)264. "Intel facing antitrust complaint in Korea" (http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/09/11/business/chip.php?WT.mc_id=atomtechnology). International Herald Tribune. The Associated

Press. September 11, 2007. Retrieved September 13, 2007.265. Pimentel, Benjamin (June 5, 2008). "Intel fined $25.5 million by South Korea" (http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/intel­fined­255­million­south/story.aspx?guid=5E548C55­

0A59­47BA­8910­96F61A8C23E0&dist=msr_2). marketwatch.com (MarketWatch). Retrieved July 5, 2008.266. Confessore, Nicholas (January 10, 2008). "Intel Gets New York Subpoena in Antitrust Inquiry" (http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/10/technology/10cnd­chip.html?

_r=4&ref=technology&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin&oref=slogin). The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2010.267. Labaton, Stephen (June 7, 2008). "In Turnabout, Antitrust Unit Looks at Intel" (http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/07/technology/07chip.html?

_r=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&oref=slogin). The New York Times. Retrieved December 31, 2008.268. "FTC Challenges Intel's Dominance of Worldwide Microprocessor Markets" (http://ftc.gov/opa/2009/12/intel.shtm). Ftc.gov. December 16, 2009. Retrieved July 29, 2010.269. [2] (http://online.wsj.com/article/BT­CO­20091217­712217.html)270. "United States of America Before The Federal Trade Commission" (http://www.ftc.gov/os/adjpro/d9341/091216intelcmpt.pdf) (PDF). FTC. Retrieved January 8, 2013.271. King, Ian (December 16, 2009). "FTC Wants Intel to Repent, Not Pay Up" (http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/dec2009/tc20091216_885383.htm). BusinessWeek.

Retrieved July 29, 2010.272. "Intel in threats and bribery suit" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8343179.stm). BBC News. November 4, 2009. Retrieved December 18, 2009.273. "SEC Charges Dell and Senior Executives with Disclosure and Accounting Fraud" (http://www.sec.gov/news/press/2010/2010­131.htm).274. Gibb, Gordon (July 24, 2010). "Dell Agrees to $100 in Penalties to Settle SEC Accounting Fraud Charges" (http://www.lawyersandsettlements.com/articles/14615/business­fraud­

unfair­accounting­dell.html). LawyersandSettlements.com. Retrieved July 25, 2010.275. Krantz, Matt; Swartz, Jon (July 24, 2010). "Dell settles SEC charges of fraudulent accounting" (http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2010­07­22­dell­sec­

settlement_N.htm). USA Today. Retrieved July 25, 2010.276. Reed, Kevin (July 23, 2010). "Dell pays $100m penalty to settle accounting fraud charges" (http://www.accountancyage.com/accountancyage/news/2266948/dell­pays­100m­penalty­

settle). Accountancy Age. Retrieved July 25, 2010.277. Dylan McGrath, EE Times. "IDC cuts PC microprocessor forecast (http://www.eetimes.com/electronics­news/4218438/IDC­cuts­PC­microprocessor­forecast)." August 2, 2011.

Retrieved August 2, 2011.278. Agam Shah, IDG News. "IDC Reduces Yearly Processor Shipment Growth Forecast

(http://www.pcworld.com/article/237068/idc_reduces_yearly_processor_shipment_growth_forecast.html)." August 1, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2011.279. PassMark CPU Benchmarks – AMD versus Intel market share "[3] (http://www.cpubenchmark.net/market_share.html)"