History of Industrial Design Spring 2019

History of Industrial DesignSpring 2019Matthew BirdThis list creates a chronological path through the reading so that it lines up better with the in-class lectures.

You need to do more than just read; you need to invent a method of taking notes to extract and record the information you find interesting, important, or worth remembering. Do not write down everything you read. Don’t use speech-to-text and just read the books into word files. Decide what you want to have as

a record of the ideas and information you encounter. Drawings are great! Bullet points are good! Finding ideas that relate to each other converts information into ideas.

Turn your notes in as you get them done, but no more than 2 weeks at once. No notes accepted after May 17.Turn them in on paper in class, or via email to [email protected].

It would be foolish (impossible?) to wait for the last week to do this. Make a schedule for yourself. Turn the notes in weekly, or bi-weekly. Remember that the books contain information that is not in the lectures, so keeping up with the reading will let you connect the two and give you a better experience. You will get them back, so why not create something you are excited to keep for future reference?

The last day to turn in notes is May 17. You are not required to read the complete text in our books, but doing so would strengthen your understanding of the other entries, help you relate the content to the lectures, and create a better learning experience. You SHOULD read it all. But you are not required to.

UPPER CASE = REQUIREDlower case = recommended

Each week’s reading notes are worth up to 20 points towards your grade.

• Difference Engine No.1 – first automatic calculator (precursor to digital calculator and modern-day computer)

Cyrus Hall Mccormick (pg. 377) • Developed agricultural implements, including first practical mechanical reaper (patented

1834) • Revolutionized agricultural production by drastically improving the cutting of wheat –

turned west into bountiful wheatland and transformed North America’s economy during Civil War

John Deere (pg. 182) • Designed first commercially successful self-scouring steel plough (1837) and began

manufacturing and selling them to local farms – transformed farming in west • Introduced first tractor (1923) I K Brunel (pg. 126) • Chief engineer to Great Western Railway and introduced broad-gauge railway track

(spanning 7’) • This made trains more comfortable and safer because of engine’s lower center of gravity,

and increased speed/travel time • Also well-known for bridge designs, work as marine engineer and construction of Thames

Tunnel Elias Howe (pg. 298) • Built first practical sewing machine (1845) • Patented his handwheel-operated lock-stitch sewing machine • Patent/legal issues, but eventually was paid royalties and given credit Minton (pg. 393) • Mass-producing transfer-printed earthenware • Well-known for blue and white “Willow Pattern” • Also made floor tiles Michael Thonet (pg. 530) • ~1831 experimented with laminated wood • Produced chairs in Biedermeier style – was recognized for new process of bending wood

laminates (1842) • Developed techniques for mass-producing furniture Stanley (pg. 498) • Began with a hardware company that made bolts and hinges, and high-quality planes

(1843) • 1920’s products were available in every continent • Today creates hand tools that are ergonomically designed Sir Henry Cole (pg. 161)

4/1/2017 March 13 Notes - Google Docs

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aNRRljSRhBy_wiEC-yoH2sC1pHpdhDpX4K5JsDaT53E/edit 1/10

THE INDUSTRIAL DESIGN READER Candace Wheeler, “Decorative and Applied Art”

1893

● Perhaps the first woman to run a successful design firm in America (yas girl power)

● Committed to training women to earn their own livings by employing them in traditionally “feminine” craft enterprises, particularly needlework

● Society of Decorative Art (1877), cofounded the New York Exchange for Woman’s Work in 1878

○ Both organizations intended to promote the work of female craftspeople and artwork

● Wheeler and her employees designed innovative textiles and embroideries ● Argues that the quality of one’s craft and design must conform to laws - design laws, to

create what people perceive as beauty ● “Decorative and applied art are the utmost importance to mankind” whats the difference

between decorative and applied art? ● “Applied art is to decorative art what the child is to the man” so applied art is born from

decorative art? ● Applied art - elevates our habits, invests our customs with dignity ● Adds a human factor to products, integrates it into our lives better, speaks with a human

voice, in a way gives it personality/character that reflects the owner’s Henry van de Velde, “A Chapter on the Design and

Construction of Modern Furniture” 1897

● Belgian painter, architect and designer ● One of the originators of the Art Nouveau style ● Promoted the ideas of William Morris ● In his essay he expresses his wish to design for

mass production, and to create products whose forms are “rational”, “honest”, “modern” and well suited to machine manufacture

● His ideal would be to have his projects executed a thousand times, with strict supervision

● “Honest” - true, doesn’t change from his original design, “a model can deteriorate through dishonest or misguided handling until its effect is as worthless as the one it was destined to counteract”

Reading for February 25/27UPPER CASE = REQUIREDlower case = recommended

The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEHORATIO GREENOUGH 11JOHN RUSKIN 14OWEN JONES 19

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEINTRODUCTION 6COALBROOKDALE 156JOSIAH WEDGWOOD 564James Hargreaves 283Richard Arkwright 41JAMES WATT 561 ELI WHITNEY 574Springfield Armory 496PORTSMOUTH BLOCK MILLS 448Humphrey Davy 176G & R STEPHENSON 510Edwin Budding 129CHARLES BABBAGE 52Cyrus Hall Mccormick 377John Deere 182I K BRUNEL 126ELIAS HOWE 298Minton 393MICHAEL THONET 530Stanley 498Sir Henry Cole 161SAMUEL COLT 166THE GREAT EXHIBITION 276

Reading for March 4/6


The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEKARL MARX 22CHARLES EASTLAKE 25CHRISTOPHER DRESSER 28WILLIAM MORRIS 35

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGESINGER 483Case 140REMINGTON 455CHRISTOPHER DRESSER 192ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 76Junghans 328THOMAS ALVA EDISON 207KODAK 337Westinghouse 572General Electric 252Thomas Crapper 170Victorinox 546Parker Pens 425SEARS, ROEBUCK & CO. 473Siemens 478Mercedes-Benz 384Bell Telephone Company 79GUGLIELMO MARCONI 374Yamaha 583GILLETTE 265W.A.S. BENSON 82Meccano 381MIELE 389WILBUR & ORVILLE WRIGHT 576



The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGE

CANDACE WHEELER 44HENRY VAN DE VELDE 47HOFFMANN/MOSER 61

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEAEG 10Bosch 105HARLEY DAVIDSON 284FORD 238Thermos 529DEUTSCHER WERKBUND 189Hoover 296Olivetti 421PETER BEHRENS 70Zeppelin 586Rosenthal 463Corning 168ROLLS-ROYCE 459Tag Heuer 516STEELCASE 504BOEING 99Leica 350Wilhelm Kage 330Burg Giebichenstein 133BAUHAUS 59MARIANNE BRANDT 108Walter Gropius 280Paul Jaray 323Ettore Bugatti 130Mcdonnell Douglas 378SHÜTE-LIHOTZKY 470WILHELM WAGENFELD 557



The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEEARNEST ELMO CALKINS 129NORMAN BEL GEDDES 135HELEN APPLETON READ 113

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEBang & Olufsen 56Gustav Dalén 173Joseph Sinel 482General Motors 256Lockheed Martin 353Snap-on 489Iittala 304LOUIS POULSEN 364Jaguar 320Caterpillar 148Chrysler 150VOLVO 555Christian Dell 184Gerhard Marcks 372RAYMOND LOEWY 356Oskar Barnack 58MARCEL BREUER 118JEAN HEIBERG 286ERICSSON 222GEORGE CARWARDINE 138BUCKMINSTER FULLER 248DONALD DESKEY 188NORMAN BEL GEDDES 251London Transport 362Carl Breer 117Wells Coates 159ISOKON 310WALTER MARIA KERSTING 335

Reading for April 1/3


The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEFW TAYLOR 84CHRISTINE FREDERICK 92HENRY FORD 121

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEPeter Müler-Munk 400Sir Giles Gilbert Scott 472WALTER DORWIN TEAGUE 518Toshiba 532HERMAN MILLER 287Arzberg 45Edouard-Wilfrid Buquet 132VOLKSWAGEN 550Euclid 226PHILCO 430Toyota 534Fiat 229NY WORLD'S FAIR 403Jeep (Willys-Overland) 326Electrolux 215North American 416Dante Giacosa 264Reginald Mitchell 394HENRY DREYFUSS 195LASZLÓ BIRÓ 89CASTIGLIONIS 144Messerschmitt 388GIO PONTI 440W. A. WELDEN 570Igor Sikorsky 480HAROLD VAN DOREN 544EGMONT ARENS 40



The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGETHEO VAN DOESBURG 101LE CORBUSIER 106 BARR AND JOHNSON 132

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEBell Helicopter 78Bombardier 103Erwin Komenda 341LEGO 349HEWLETT-PACKARD 289Unimog 542De Havilland 178Ekco Company 212Piaggio 433Design Council 185CHARLES & RAY EAMES 203IBM 299CITROŒN 154Ghia 262NIKON 410BRAUN 110HARLEY EARL 205Pininfarina 434Philips 431Airstream 18POLAROID 437TUPPERWARE 540Xerox 578Design Research Unit 186Sixten Sason 468MARCELLO NIZZOLI 414SONY 490



The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEHENRY DREYFUSS 162RAYMOND LOEWY 155BABBITT/KOGAN 137HAROLD VAN DOREN 142

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGECanon 135Achille Gaggia 250ALEC ISSIGONIS 311KARTELL 331TETRA PAK 524George Nelson 401Jcb 324Ezio Pirali 436DOUGLAS SCOTT 471Acton Bjøn 91ARNE JACOBSEN 319SIGVARD BERNADOTTE 84Max Bill 87Misha Black 92KENJI EKUAN 213ROBIN DAY 177HANS GUGELOT 282Gino Colombini 162LG 351Ducati 198DIETER RAMS 450Fiskars 232Renault 457Alfa Romeo 24Bertone 85BMW 94



The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEEDGAR KAUFMANN, JR. 146

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEFerrari 227Porsche 443IKEA 305Bodum 97HONDA 292MARCO ZANUSO 584Danese 175GK DESIGN GROUP 271Krups 342David Bache 54Sigurd Persson 429Roberto Sambonet 465Ettore Sottsass 495Carl Aubock 46KENNETH GRANGE 272GERD ALFRED MÜLER 399Stelton 508ELIOT FETTE NOYES 417Sir Christopher Cockerell 160Reinhold Weiss 568Brionvega 122JOE COLOMBO 163Gino Valle 543Alex Moulton 398RICHARD SAPPER 466Roger Tallon 517Giorgetto Giugiaro 269Antti Nurmesniemi 419Hans Erich Slany 485 Flos 235Enzo Mari 376LAMY 346Robert Welch 569Lear 348Kawasaki 334Black & Decker 93Erco 219Nissan 412TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 526Casio 142JC DECAUX 180

Reading for April 29/May 1

The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGENIXON/KHRUSHCHEV 172DIETER RAMS 208

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGEArtemide 42Lamborghini 344OLOF BÄKSTRÖM 55Massimo Vignelli 547Nike 407MARIO BELLINI 80Jacob Jensen 327PENTAGRAM 427FA Porsche 446Dietrich Lubs 368Clive Sinclair 481Erik Magnussen 371Knud Holscher 291Airbus 14Brompton Bicycle 124Sunseeker International 512Oakley 420Audi 47ALESSI 20HARMUT ESSLINGER 224Mag Instruments 370Hans Theo Baumann 64APPLE 30FROG 242NIELS DIFFRIENT 191ERGONOMI DESIGN 220Authentics 51Nick Butler 134Michele De Lucchi 179 Emilio Ambasz 28King & Miranda 336SMART DESIGN 486SWATCH 514Komin Yamada 582Aprilia 36Ideo 302

Reading for May 6/8

The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGER. BUCKMINSTER FULLER 186VICTOR PAPANEK 188RICHARD NIXON 191

Industrial Design A to ZTITLE START PAGESeymour Powell 475FSB 244JAMES DYSON 200JASPER MORRISON 395PHILIPPE STARCK 500Alberto Meda 383Ron Arad 38Aprila 36ENERCON 217MOTIVATION 397MARC NEWSON 404Viking Range Corp. 548Karim Rashid 454JONATHAN IVE 314NAOTO FUKASAWA 246ROSS LOVEGROVE 366YVES BÉHAR 66KONSTANTIN GRCIC 274Industrial Facility 307Transrapid 538TESLA MOTORS 522CRRC 171

Reading for May 13/15

NOTE: You are probably, understandably, thinking about skipping these because you have a lot else going on this week. But these are probably the readings you will most enjoy this whole semester. They bring what we have been looking at into many of the challenges of your own age. So don’t skip them!

The Industrial Design ReaderTITLE START PAGEKRIPPENDORFF/BUTTER 201JAPAN MANAGEMENT 211ADA 215KENJI EKUAN 227DONALD NORMAN 230

Documents

History of Industrial Design Spring 2019