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HISTORY OF AUTOMOBILES Origin of the word Early transport machines Steam engine Petroleum fuelled engine Different eras Recent developments Ultra modern vehicle Indian auto milestones Indian auto industry Cars by price Conclusion
ORIGINE OF THE WORD
7/2/20082
• Automobilecomes via the French language, from the Greek language
• By combining auto [self] with mobilis [moving];A vehiclethat moves itself, rather than being pulled or pushed by a separate animal or another vehicle.
• The alternative name caris believed to originate from the Latinword carrus or carrum[wheeled vehicle], or the Middle Englishword carre [cart] (from Old North French), and karros; a Gallic wagon
The dawn of automobile actually goes back to 4000 years when the first wheel was used for transportation in India.
In the beginning of 15th century Portuguese arrived in China and the interaction of the two cultures led to a variety of new technologies, including the creation of a wheel that turned under its own powerBy 1600s small steam-powered engine models was developed, but it took another century before a full-sized engine-powered vehicle was created
Early Transport
6/29/20083
•Steam-powered self-propelled vehicles were devised in the late 17th century.
• A Flemish priest, Ferdinand Verbiest, was thought to have demonstrated in 1678 a small (24 in.61 cm) long) steam 'car' to the Chinese emperor, yet there is no evidence for it.
Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot A French Engineer demonstrated an experimental steam-driven
artillery tractor, in 1770 and 1771. Cugnot's steam wagon, the second (1771) version
• By 1784 william murdoch had built a working model of a steam carriage in redruth, and in 1801 richard trevithick was running a full-sized vehicle on the road
• A backlash against these large speedy vehicles resulted in passing a law, the Locomotive Act, in 1865 requiring self-propelled vehicles on public roads in the United Kingdom be preceded by a man on foot waving a red flag and blowing a horn
Steam Engine in ACTION
1801 A replica of Richard Trevithick's road locomotive 'Puffing Devil'
1870, Vienna, Austria: world's #1 gasoline-run vehicle, the First Marcus Car
Second Marcus Car of 1888
1885-built Benz Patent Motorwagen, the first car with an internal combustion engine
Carl Benz
Karl Benz's "Velo" model (1894) -
Portrait of Henry Ford (ca. 1919)
Ford Model T, 1927,
This Nuclear-powered automobile was designed, based on the assumption that future nuclear reactors would be smaller, safer, lighter and
more portable The design called for a "power capsule" located in the rear of the car, charging stations replacing gas stations and 5,000 miles
of driving before recharging or replacing the fuel.
Ford never built the Nucleon -- only a model car half the size of a normal
In the 1950s, Ford developed a concept car Ford Nucleon
T-model Ford car parked outside GEELONG Library at its launch in Australia in 1915 THE Edwardien Era or Brass Era 1905-1914
Vintage era (1919-1929) 1926 Austin 7 Box saloon
Pre War Era (1930-1948) Citroën Traction Avant
Moriss Minor 1953 ( Post War Era-1949-
Yank Tank in Havana, Cuba
Modern Era (Minus 25 years from Now)
1967 NSU Ro 80
2007 Mark II (BMW) Mini Cooper
Baverishe Motoren Werke AG (BMW), (English: Bavarian Motor Works) is an
independent German automobile manufacturer founded in
1913. BMW is a worldwide manufacturer of high-performance and luxury
automobiles and motorcycles, and is the current parent company of both the MINI
and Rolls-Royce car brands.
Hydrogen powered FCHV (Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle) was developed by Toyota in 2005
TOYOTA FCHV(Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle). The fuel cell hybrid car which runs from the
hydrogen which Toyota Motor developed
Toyota FCHV is one of the sets which has only 12 sets in the Japan and the U.S.
which Nagoya-shi is using as a public vehicle.
Indian Automobile History
The first car rolled out on the streets of Mumbai (then Bombay) in 1898 three cars were imported in Mumbai (India).
, Within decade there were total of 1025 cars in the city. Automobiles were imported till 1947
•1944- Premier automobiles started
•1945 Establishment of Tata Engineering and Locomotive Co. Ltd. to manufacture locomotives and other engineering products.
•1953- The Government of India decreed that only those firms which have a manufacturing program should be allowed to operate
Ashok Leyland1948- First Vehicle in 1955
Tata Motors launches its first truck in collaboration with Mercedes-Benz 1954
1945: Mahindra & Mahindra a part of the Mahindra Group and was established manufacture general-purpose utility vehicles.
• 1955- Only seven firms, namely, HM, API, ALL, SMPIL, PAL, M& M and TELCO received approval.
• 1960 - 1970 - The two, three wheeler industry established a foothold in the Indian scenario.
• 1970 - 1980 - Not much change in• The major factors affecting the industry were the
Implementation of the MRTP Act (Monopolies and Trade Restrictive Practices Act), FERA (Foreign Exchange Regulation Act) and the Oil Shock of 1973 and 1979.
• 1980 - 1990 - The first phase of liberalization -Government's protectionist policies, the advantages hitherto enjoyed by the Indian car manufacturers
like monopoly, oligopoly, slowly began to disappear
•1981-Maruthi Udyoug Limited in coloboration with Suzuki Japan Started manufacturing
cars
PREESNT SCENARIO• In India there are 100 people per
vehicle, while this figure is 82 in China. It is expected that Indian automobile industry will achieve mass motorization
status by 2014. · India is the largest three-wheeler market in the world. · India is the largest two-wheeler manufacturer in the world. · India is the second largest tractor manufacturer in the world. ·India is the 5th largest commercial vehicle manufacturer in the world. · The number one global motorcycle manufacturer is in India India is the fourth largest car market in Asia –
The Electric Car REVA
Indian Automobile Companies
Ashok Leyland Ltd. Bajaj Auto Ltd. Hindustan Motors Ltd. TELCO. Premier Auto Ltd. Mahindra Mahindra
Ltd. Kinetic Engineering. Maruthi Udyog Ltd. TVS Motors Ltd. Royal Enfield Ltd.
Hyundai Motors. Daewoo Motors. Escorts Ltd. Eicher Motors. Suzuki Motors India. Yamaha Motors Swaraj mazda. Toyota Kirloskar Motors Skoda Auto India Volvo India
Hero Honda Motors.Hero Motors.Force Motors Ltd.General Motors.FORD India.Fiat India.Punjab Tractors Ltd,TAFE Ltd.Hindustan Tractors Ltd.API Ltd.
Apollo Tyres.Vikrant Tyres MRF Ltd.Simpson Motors.TVS ElectricalsPiston India Ltd.Carburettors India td.Gabriel Industry
Cars by Price Range Under
3 LakhsMaruthi 800, Alto, Omni.Reva
Rs. 3-5 Lakhs
•Ambassodor •Fiat, Palio•Hyundai Santro, Getz•Chevrolet Opel Corsa •Maruthi Zen, Wagon R, Versa, Esteem, Gypsy •Ford Icon & Fiesta•Tata Indica,Indigo XL, Indigo Marina
Rs. 5-10 Lakhs
• Chevrolet Swing, Optra Magnum,tavera
• Hyundai Accent, Flantra
• Mahindra Scorpio
• Maruthi baleno
• Toyota Innova
• Tata safari
• Mitsubishi lancer,Mitsubishi Cedia
• Honda City ZX
• Mahindra Bolero
• Hyundai SonataEmbera
Rs. 10-15 Lakhs
Rs. 15-30 Lakh
• Toyota Corola
• Ford Mondeo & Endeavour
• Chevrolet Forester
• Skoda Octavia & Combi
Honda Civic
• Bentley Arnage,Bentley Continental GT & Flying Spur
• Rolls Royce Phantom
Maybach
•Audi A6, A8 & Audi TT •BMW X5, 5 Series & 7 Series •Mercedes E Class, S Class, SLK, SL & CLS-Class •Porsche Boxster, Cayenne, 911 Carrera & Cayman S Toyota Prado
Rs. 30-90 Lakhs
•Bentley Arnage,•Bentley Continental GT•Flying Spur•Rolls Royce Phantom•Maybach
Above
Rs. 1 Crore
· Strong masculine on road presence· Twin bi-Xenon headlamps with Rear LED tail lights· 19" 5-spoke alloy wheels· Electronic Tyre Pressure Monitor (TPM) & Electronic cruise control system· Electronically adjustable door mirrors with memory functions· Rain-sensing wind screen wipers· High quality plush interior fabrics· 4 spoke, Multi-function steering wheel· Integrated 6xCD changer · Dual-zone electronic climate control Bentley has allotted only 25 Cars for sale in Indian market.
Bently Continental GTC
costs ONLY Rs. 2.10 Crore (ex-showroom Delhi).
And the ever relying vehicle
