History in 12 Weeks Columbus to the Industrial Revolution ...site.ajourneythroughlearning.net/12WeeksHistorySample.pdf · First, take the time to ... now known as “Pilgrims,”

Grades 2-6

A Journey Through Learning www.ajourneythroughlearning.com

History in 12 Weeks

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1492-1840Columbus to the Industrial Revolution

Copyright 2014 A Journey Through Learning 1

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Authors-Paula Winget and Nancy Fileccia

Copyright © 2014 A Journey Through Learning

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Thank you for purchasing from A Journey Through Learning. We hope that you enjoy our new History in 12 Weeks activity book. The activity book is perfect to use as a quick, to the point study of history, but LOADED with fun activities! First, take the time to just browse through the pages to familiarize yourself with the layout. In this activity book, you will find many topics!

Each lesson will include:

Study Guide

Each of the topics has an information page to read to your child.

Activity Page

After the information page has been read, it is time to do the activity that is found right after the information page. Some of these activities are more for fun while others are more challenging. All of them will enrich your child’s understanding and

knowledge of each topic.

Research and/or Report Sheet

Craft Page and/or Cooking Fun

Coloring Sheet

How Long Does it Take to Complete This Activity Book?

This activity book contains 12 weeks of study. This program is simple enough that it can easily be used with other programs to help cover the high points. Yet, it is detailed enough that it can also serve as a quick overview or as a half year history program. However, you can expand the study portion and make it last as long as you like! That’s the beauty of homeschooling! Do it YOUR way!


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Week 1: Christopher Columbus

Week 2: Pilgrims

Week 3: American Revolution

Week 4: Declaration of Independence

Week 5: George Washington

Week 6: Louisiana Purchase

Week 7: War of 1812

Week 8: Missouri Compromise

Week 9: Underground Railroad

Week 10: Civil War

Week 11: Abraham Lincoln

Week 12: Industrial Revolution

What’s covered each week?


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Spain had been trying for centuries to take their land back from the Moors. Finally, in 1492, they were successful. This period in Spanish history is known as La Reconquista. Spanish monarchs Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon got married. Together they championed the Spanish cause pushing the Moors out of Spain forever. The Spanish were so busy with their war that they did not share their neighbor’s, Portugal, enthusiasm for exploration and discovery.

Then the war ended. All of the sudden, the Spanish monarchs were free to think of other things beside war. So, when an Italian sailor, Christopher Columbus, (1451-1506) came by asking for money to embark on a voyage to find a new route to the Indies, the Spanish monarchs were in.

They gave Columbus enough money to outfit three ships. Columbus gathered enough supplies and men to outfit his three ships - the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria. Columbus was convinced that if he sailed west from Spain, he would eventually get to India. Full of hope and confidence, Columbus left from Palos, a port in Spain, in 1492, stopping at the Canary Islands to get more provisions, before heading out. The trip was an eventful one, full of dangers and adventure. Sometimes there was no wind so they could not go forward. At times, the three ships got caught in strong storms. Days passed without any sign of land. The sailors were getting desperate. On October 12, 1492, they finally sighted land.

They landed on a small island they named San Salvador, one of the many islands in the Caribbean Sea. The Spanish explorers spent the next two months exploring the territory. When they came to Cuba, Columbus was convinced he had reached Japan. They were not very well received by the natives. So, they left. Next, they came to another big island, which they named Hispaniola (today this island is shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti). It was in Hispaniola that they suffered an accident - the Santa Maria wrecked. They could not fit all the sailors of the Santa Maria aboard the other two ships, so Columbus decided to leave a contingency of sailors in Hispaniola. They would guard the land they had claimed for Spain.

Eager to make his discoveries known, Columbus then set sail back to Spain. He left the Caribbean convinced that he had reached the Indies. The voyage back to Spain was long and arduous. Exhausted, the sailors reached Spain in March 1493. Columbus gained instant fame.

Seven months later, Columbus was ready to go back. This time he was in command of a large 17 ship fleet. He was anxious to go back and find the riches he knew were in the Indies. On this second voyage, Columbus discovered other islands like Dominica and Puerto Rico. When he reached Hispaniola, he discovered that the men he had left behind had been killed. After this trip, Columbus would make three other trips.

When Columbus had the idea of sailing west to reach India, he underestimated the distance from Spain to Asia. He thought the world was a lot smaller than it really is. Columbus did not know that when you sail west, a great mass of land, a continent, stood between Europe and Asia. Until his death, Columbus remained sure that he had reached India.

Christopher Columbus

Read Study Guide- Week 1


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Fun Facts About Columbus

Draw a picture of what you think Columbus would dress like on one of his voyages.

What did their homes look like?

Activity Page- Week 1

compass

Write the name of each ship on the flags.


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Biography Book Report on Christopher Columbus

Title:

Author:

This book was about:

From reading this book, I learned

This person was famous or remembered for

Date of Birth:

Date of Death:

Report- Week 1


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Make a compass:

1. Lay just the eye of the needle over any magnet; one from your refrigerator will do. Leave it there overnight. In the morning, the needle will have become a magnet!

2. Stick the needle through a small piece of cork

3. Next, fill a bowl with water. Fill it about halfway and drop the cork with the needle in the middle.

4. The needle should slowly turn until it is pointing in a certain direction. Now give the needle a little spin, then see where it settles.

Explorers like Christopher Columbus used many different devices to help them find their way while out on the ocean. Let’s see if you can use some of the same inventions.

In the northern hemisphere, navigators use an astrolabe and the North Star as a way to determine their latitude. The North Star is the first star in the handle of the Little Dipper. The angle that the North Star is above the horizon is equal to the latitude of the observer. Go outside tonight and see if you can find the North Star and the dippers!

A compass is an important navigational tool. A compass uses a magnetic needle with one end that always points to the north. Because the needle always points north, you can figure out in what direction you are traveling: north, south, east, west, or any direction in between

A Compass

The Stars

Craft- Week 1

Paper Towel Telescope

Decorate a paper towel roll as a telescope. Pretend you are Columbus looking across the ocean.


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Coloring Sheet- Week 1


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Who were the Puritans?

The Puritans were a group of people who wanted to remain part of the Church of England but wanted to change its practices and the way it was run. They were called “Puritans” because they wanted to “purify” the church. They lived by a very strict Puritan code. The Puritan way of living had numerous rules that were expected to be followed at all times. During church services, men and women sat on opposite sides of the room through very long services. Women were not allowed to speak in church, and it was against the law to miss a church service.

The Puritan lifestyle was hard and rigid. The church dictated the course of life. A Puritan was expected to work hard and show no emotion. Puritans dressed very plainly in black and white clothing. The Puritans believed that when bad things happened (such as the illness of your child), that it was due to some hidden sin in your life. They believed that it was God's way of bringing one to repentance. Puritans believed that Satan hunted out the weak and the insane to act out his work. They felt that Satan would attack anyone, including women and children. Those who followed Satan were called witches. Witchcraft was the greatest crime that a person could commit. The punishment for witchcraft was death.

Puritan children were expected to behave under an extremely strict code. The showing of anger, fear, or even excitement was considered a sin. Playtime was not allowed, and toys were very seldom owned. Most days consisted of chores, cooking, and attending church.

The Separatists were a group of people who wanted to separate entirely from the Church of England. Separatists, believing in very simple worship, rejected the rituals and symbols of the Anglican Church. They believed that the New Testament was the example to follow. They also believed that not only should the state not dictate religion but that one should be able to worship freely as he chooses.

The Separatists also did not like the lax standards of social behavior like drunkenness and the failure to observe the Sabbath. The Separatists believed they had been chosen by God for salvation and feared being sent to hell if they worshiped with those outside of their church. They commonly referred to outsiders as “The Strangers.”

In 1607, William Brewster, along with his church of Separatists, tried to make their first attempt to leave England for Amsterdam, Holland. Their plan was found out, and he and many of his people were jailed and beaten. In 1608, the congregation made another attempt to leave England, only to be found out once again. The Separatists men had already boarded the ship while the women waited on shore. As the authorities arrived, the ship's captain left the dock. The men and the women were separated. The authorities soon released the women, and they joined their men in Holland.

In Holland, the Separatists were finally allowed to worship freely. The Separatist were now known as “Pilgrims,” because they had left their homeland on a “pilgrimage” to discover

something new. But, they quickly began to yearn for more freedom. News began to circulate of total freedom of religion in a new place called “America.” So, the Pilgrims left Holland in 1620 bound for America.

Who were the Separatists? (Pilgrims)



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Write a Cinquain

Line 1One word title

Line 22 describing words

about Line 1

Line 33 action words about Line 1

Line 44 words describing

a feeling about Line 1

Line 51 word ( a

synonym) about Line 1

Report- Week 2

Write a Cinquain poem about the Puritans.


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The Pilgrims Come to America-

The Mayflower Journey

The Pilgrims, who left England 11 years earlier to obtain freedom of worship in Holland, began to dream of leaving their home in Holland and traveling across the Atlantic to America. They began their journey aboard the Speedwell, which took them to Southampton, England. There they joined another group of Separatists.

On September 6, 1620, they set out on the Mayflower for America. The brave men and women had given up everything in their past to commit themselves to a new life; a life they hoped to base solely on the Bible and a relationship with God.

Once again, they were on a search for a new place to live. Even though they could not bring many personal items with them, they did bring their culture, spiritual beliefs, and deeply rooted family values to the New World. They were determined to establish an improved foundation of English society in this unknown land.

Life on the voyage was not at all comfortable. There were 102 passengers and 30 crewmembers. The Mayflower was a merchant ship, not a passenger ship, so there were no cabins in which to live or sleep. The pilgrims slept in the scallops or on the gun deck. Sleeping was done in triple tier bunks, which had been built between the decks. Each family had about a 5' x 5' square of space. Here they slept, cooked, and lived. Most of the belongings that they did carry with them were stored in the hold of the ship in trunks. There was no privacy and little room for the 32 children on board to play. The foods that they ate included salted meat, and fish, peas, beans, beer, and hard cheese.

Even though the Mayflower left late in the summer, it did not arrive in America until winter. While at sea, the pilgrims encountered a strong storm that almost forced them to return to England. The ship became severely shaken, even more leaky, and received a cracked beam. The Pilgrims used a giant iron screw, which they had brought from Holland, to raise the beam back into its place. But, even with the fear of sinking, the pilgrims committed themselves to the will of God and resolved to proceed.



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Daily Routine on the Mayflower

To understand the size of the Mayflower and how crowded it was, mark off the size of the ship on your driveway.

With chalk, draw a ship shape ( 68 feet long and 22 feet wide) pointed in the front and narrow at the back. This will be the approximate size of the lower deck where most of the Pilgrims would have been located. Remember, the shallop was also stored in this area between decks. That quickly removes some 30 feet in length and 6 to 8 feet in width. Bring boxes to load the ship and see just how small the space would seem with about 90 people crowded together in the remaining room with all their personal belongings.

· Wake up, put away the bedding

· Prayers

· Breakfast

· In good weather, activities like reading, games, exercise on deck

· Cooking by the women in good weather

· Dinner (noon meal)

· Activities similar to the morning

· Supper

· Prayers

· Sleep

Write out YOUR daily routine

Activity Page- Week 2


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The First Laws-

Mayflower Compact

During the planning stages of their voyage to America, the pilgrims met with their pastor, John Robinson, to receive his advice in establishing a new government. They knew that it would be based on democracy. They also knew that they needed rules and laws that everyone would have to follow. The leaders on the Mayflower proposed that a document be written that would bind them all to a common consent. To solve this problem, the Pilgrims came up with the Mayflower Compact.

The Compact was an agreement that was signed by all the men on board the ship, including the indentured servants. The Mayflower Compact was the first document written in the new world. It set the standard for the free democracy that we still enjoy today. In the document, they stated that the new America would be a government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” It further stated that they would be allowed to elect their own leaders

and to write their own laws. The Mayflower Compact was signed by 41 men on November 21, 1620 aboard the Mayflower. After the signing, the men elected John Carver as the first governor. The Mayflower Compact stayed in effect until about 1686.

William Brewster was a scrooby from Holland. He was a preacher and a colonist leader. Brewster and his wife, Mary, traveled to the new world aboard the Mayflower. Brewster was the first elder elected to the new colony. He also served as a major religious leader and an aide to Governor William Bradford. He was the only member of the new colony that had a university education.



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IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of

our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and

Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc.

Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith and honor of

our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do

by these presents, solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and of one another,

covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and

preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute

and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to

time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony: unto

which we promise all due submission and obedience.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the 11 of

November, the year of the reign of our sovereign Lord James; of England, France and Ireland

the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Ano Dom. 1620.

John Carver

William Bradford

Edward Winslow

William Brewster

Isaac Allerton

Myles Standish

John Alden

Samuel Fuller

Christopher Martin

William Mullins

William White

Richard Warren

John Howland

Stephen Hopkins

Edward Tilly

John Tilly

Francis Cooke

Thomas Rogers

Thomas Tinker

John Rigdale

Edward Fuller

John Turner

Francis Eaton

James Chilton

John Crackston

John Billington

Moses Fletcher

John Goodman

Degory Priest

Thomas Williams

Gilbert Winslow

Edmond Margeson

Peter Brown

Richard Britteridge

George Soule

Richard Clarke

Richard Gardiner

John Allerton

Thomas English

Edward Doty

The Mayflower Compact

(Note: November 21st of our Calendar is the same as

November 11th of the Old Style Calendar.)



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The Meaning of The Mayflower Compact

Activity- Week 2


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Because homes in the 17th century were very cold and drafty, every colonial home had quilts. One type of quilt was the “Friendship Quilt.” Colonial women

would share their quilt squares and scrapes of material Each woman would write her own name in a block and embroider it with a colorful thread. The women then sewed all of the squares together to make the quilt.

Instructions:

Cut wallpaper in to twelve 3" x 3" squares. Have each child autograph their 12 squares then swap them with other children. Glue the twelve square to poster board. Let your friends sign the squares.

You need:

· Wallpaper Samples or other paper

· Markers

· Poster Board

· Glue

· Quilt Squares

Craft- Week 2


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Coloring Sheet- Week 2


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Documents

History in 12 Weeks Columbus to the Industrial Revolution ...site.ajourneythroughlearning.net/12WeeksHistorySample.pdf · First, take the time to ... now known as “Pilgrims,”