Histogram, Fre.curve & Ogive-4aug11

8/3/2019 Histogram, Fre.curve & Ogive-4aug11.

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Check Sheet

Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 2


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Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 33175-180

6170-175

17165-170

19160-165

12155-160

3150-155

Frequencyrange

Histogram & Frequency Curve


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Histogram- Shows frequency ofsome parameter.

Frequency means quantity or Numbers of

Parameter ---Score.

(Historical Data)

Take suitable scale on x & y axisDepending upon space available.Square look

Strips(Intervals, classes) 5

Width = distance Along x axis.= 20 for each strip

Range

4

9

Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 6Friday, August 05, 2011 Prof.D.M.Apte 6

Imp.terms- 1) No. of intervals or classes or strips, .122) Interval width ..5

Is it having

square look?


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Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 7Friday, August 05, 2011 7Prof.D.M.Apte

Make Graphical Summary of Data

Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 93175-180

6170-175

17165-170

19160-165

12155-160

3150-155

FrequencyStrip range

(Exclusive)

Drawing a Histogram.

4) Make a

Frequency sheet.


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Histogram WithA smooth curve drawn by joining

the top mid points of strips. This

curve is called-

Frequency curve

If the points are joined by straight

line, then its called

Frequency Polygon

Histogram or Frequency curve

shows Distribution of frequency

These tools summarize the

Data Sets graphically for betterunderstanding.

Square look5) Draw the Histogram


Exercise-1

From the Summarized Graphical Dataset (Histogram), Determine..

How many students achieved the marks below 50 ?A scholarship is given for the students achieving the Target of 60 (or above)Marks. How many students achieve this?


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A-Most of the data are ontarget, with very littlevariation from it.

B-Although some data are ontarget, many others aredispersedaway from thetarget.

C-Even when most of thedata are close together, theyare located off the target by asignificant amount.

D-The data are off target andwidely dispersed.

Histogram

shapes

& comments

Target means the

Desired Value

(on X axis)


This pattern may beobserved if data fromseveral sources aremixed or differentmeasurementdevices are used.

Histogram

shapes

& comments


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Uses of Histogram

Histogram is used in-

H.R.

Manufacturing- Summarize the Part dimensions

Marketing- Summarize the sales data.

Sports- Summarize the Points, Marks etc.

And many other areas


Specification limits may take the form of

length, weight, density, quantity of materials to be

delivered, or whatever is important for the

product of a given process.

Compare process results with specification limits- A Gun firing hits can becompared with the desired limits and the Target.

A Use of Histogram


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A Use of Histogram

Use a tool to assist in knowing the dispersion.

Friday, August 05, 2011 Prof.D.M.Apte 17

Identify the cause of problems in a processby the shape as well as the width of thedistribution.


Stratification

Stratification is simply the creation of a set of charts

for the same data, using different possible causative

factors.



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EXERCISES


Prepare Histogram for following data


Solution preparation



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1

Ogive(Cumulative Frequency Curve)


Cumulative Frequency (CF)

Curve

(Ogive)

Exclusive


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Exercise(Ogive)


Bar Chart


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1

Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 2505/08/2011 Prof.D.M.Apte 25

Econ.

10%

Mgmt.

25%

Acct.

65%

Pie Chart

1. Shows Breakdown

of Total Quantity

into Categories

2. Useful for Showing

Relative Differences

3. Angle Size

(360)(Percent)

Majors

(360) (10%) = 36

36


Doing ParetoAnalysis


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Pareto Diagram

Friday, August 05, 2011 Dhananjay,98231 90939Prof.D.M.Apte 2805/08/2011 Prof.D.M.Apte 28

0%

33%

67%

100%

Acct. Mgmt. Econ.

Pareto Diagram

Percent

Major

Descending

Order

CumulativePolygon (Ogive)

Equal BarWidths

Vertical

Bar Chart

Bar Midpoint

Always %

Documents

Histogram, Fre.curve & Ogive-4aug11