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Hispanic

Structuring ofthe ColonialSpace

By: DANNIE LOU RELACION

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MANILA: THE GENESIS OF ANINTRAMURAL COLONIAL CITY

Royal instructions dispensed to Miguel Lopezde Legaspis expedition required the

establishment of a permanent urban base inthe the Philippines from which to springboardthe imperial agenda in Southeasth Asia.Spains immdiate objectives in the Philippineswere to use the islands as a base for furtherexpansion, to establish the colony as acenter for the production and export oftropical spices, and to convert the natives toChristianity.

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GEOGRAPHER ROBERT REED (1978, 16)REPORTS:

TheAdelantado (Miguel Lopez de Legaspi)was told consider a number of potential sites

before making a choice because strategiesof efficient exploration, balanced territorialexpansion, and profitable trade ultimatelyhinged on the selection of a strategicallylocated headquarters. In addition, Spanishauthorities offerded advice concerning theproper layout of the proposed colonialcapital. They envisaged a substantial fortressas the nucleus of the imperial outpost.

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1570- Legaspi sent his lieutenant, Martinde Goiti, on a mission to Manila whoreturned a year later.

May 19, 1571- Legaspi laid the foundationof Manila from the charred remains of

Sulaymans palisaded kingdom.

June 24, 1571- Legaspi officiallyinaugurated a municipal council andproclaimed Manila as the capital of the

new territories under the Spanish Crown.

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The newly conquered settlement was

described by Legaspi in a letter to the King ofSpain dated April 20, 1572:

The village of Maynilad is situated on thetongue of land extending from east to westbetween the river and the sea, and a fort hadbeen built at the extreme western end of thepeninsula at the entrance of the fort. The seamakes a very large harbor about thirtyleagues in circumference. Around the fort, ahundred and fifty huts for the Spanish officerswere built by native labor, and the landaround the city was apportioned to men ofthe colonizing party (Filipiniana Book Guild1965, 195).

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June 24, 1574 by a decree by Philip II- Manila

was envisioned as the Spanish almacen de lafe (display window of the Faith), andbestowed the title El Insigne y Siempre LealCiudad

1590The colonialist proclaimed thefoundation of three primary ciudades deespaoles in Cebu, Nueva Caceres (Naga),and Nueva Segovia (Lal-lo, Cagayan) andtwo villas de espaoles in Vigan (in ilocos Sur)and Arevalo (in Iloilo). Only Cebu, Naga, andVigan flourished as major urban centers forthey were sustained by a concentration ofpopulation and economic activities resultingfrom their entitlements as diocesan capitals.

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Map of Manila Diccionario Geografico-

Estadistico-Historico De Las IslasFilipinas. Madrid 1851.

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The Great Urban and ArchitecturalTransformation

Cabildo - (a municipal building), and ageneral market.

Middle of the1580s Domingo Salazar, thefirst Bishop of Manila, and Father AntonioSedeo, a jesuit, pushed for theconstruction of buildings and houses using

stones and tiles

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The city of manila from an oil painting on the

interior of a wooden chest, circa 1640-50Museo de Arte Jose Luis Bello, Puebla, Mexico

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Intramuros: The Bastion of Authority

1590when governor-general Gomez perezdasmarinas undertook the massive project of

building the 3, 916 meter pentagonal perimeterwalls of volcanic tuff(adobe) and brick fill in withearth, with 1 bastion in each angle.

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EXTRAMUROS: Living Beyond the Walls

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THE CHINESE PARIAN

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THATS ALL FOR ME, THANKYOU FOR LISTENING