HISD Redistricting Hearings May 26, June 1, June 7 and June 9, 2011

HISD RedistrictingHearings May 26, June 1, June 7 and June 9, 2011

Andrews Kurth LLP

The Law Offices of Rolando Rios

Dr. Richard Murray

5/26/2011 Andrews Kurth2

LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR REDISTRICTING

Population Equality: “One Person — One Vote” Baker v. Carr Reynolds v. Sims

Protections Against Discrimination of Racial, Ethnic and Language Minorities

Voting Rights Act

Equal Protection/14th Amendment: Redistricting Based on Race

Shaw v. Reno Bush v. Vera

Texas Constitution: Equal Protection Clause and Equal Rights Amendment


PRIORITIES AND PRINCIPLES FOR REDISTRICTING

(1) The nine HISD Trustee Districts will be of substantially equal population and, in no event, exceed a ten percent top to bottom deviation.

(2) The new HISD Trustee Districts should be contiguous and reasonably compact.

(3) The new HISD Redistricting Plan will be based, to the extent possible, on the existing trustee district composition.

(4) Where possible, HISD will use easily identifiable geographic boundaries as district boundaries.

(5) The HISD Redistricting Plan will seek to maintain communities of interest in a single district and avoid splitting neighborhoods when drawing district lines.


(6) The HISD Redistricting Plan will use whole county voting precincts, whenever possible, to draw trustee districts.

(7) The new HISD Redistricting Plan will adhere to the Voting Rights Act and avoid retrogression in the position of racial, ethnic and language minorities with respect to the effective exercise of their right to vote.

(8) The HISD Redistricting Plan will adhere to the Equal Protection Clause and will not use race as the predominate factor in developing the plan.

(9) Recognizing the value of incumbent-constituency relations, the new HISD Redistricting Plan will seek to keep existing trustees in their existing districts.


2000 % 2010 % Change

Total Population 1,259,617 100.0 1,312,684 100.00 + 53,067 + 4.2%

Non-Hispanic Whites

371,784 29.5 342,140 26.1 - 29,644 - 8.0%

Non-Hispanic Blacks

316,624 25.1 309,685 23.6 - 6,939 - 2.2%

Hispanics 510,588 40.5 580,994 44.3 + 70,406 + 13.8%

Asians 51,332 4.1 72,621 5.5 + 21,289 + 41.5%

Others 9,289 0.7 7,244 0.6 - 2,045 - 22.0%

The Houston Independent School District encompasses a mature, inner-urban area that now includes less than 25 percent of the metropolitan area population. With little open land available for development except in the south-central part of the district, growth in HISD was just 4.2 percent over the last 10 years. Both the Anglo (Non-Hispanic White) and Black populations declined, with Hispanics accounting for the most of the growth in the district, even though their rate of increase (13.8%) was far below their percentages outside HISD. The greatest percentage increase (41.5%) in the district occurred among Asian Americans.

Population Change in the Houston Independent School District: 2000 to 2010


Population Change in HISD Trustee Districts: 2000 – 2010

The two trustee districts on the north side (1 and 2) lost population, as did Trustee District 3 in the southeast. Three districts (5, 6, and 8) experienced moderate growth over the decade. The fastest growth occurred in District 4 (10,439), District 7 (18,595), and District 9 (25,260).

Because District 9 is more than 14 percent over the mean population for all districts in HISD, and District 1 is more than 9 percent below the mean, the range of 23.51% requires redrawing the present trustee boundaries.

District 2000 2010 Change Deviation from Mean

1 134,864 132,513 - 2,351 - 1.7% - 13,341 - 9.15%

2 142,676 136,031 - 6,645 - 4.7% - 9,822 - 6.73%

3 145,819 141,324 - 4,495 - 3.1% - 4,530 - 3.11%

4 136,414 146,853 + 10,439 + 7.7% + 999 + 0.69%

5 147,053 151,794 + 4,741 + 3.2% + 5,940 + 4.00%

6 141,332 145,197 + 3,865 + 2.7% - 657 - 0.45%

7 135,847 154,442 + 18,595 + 13.7% + 8,588 + 5.89%

8 134,067 137,725 + 3,658 + 2.7% - 8,128 - 5.57%

9 141,545 166,805 + 25,260 + 17.8% +20,951 + 14.36%


Racial/Ethnic Population Change within HISD Trustee Districts 2000 – 2010 for Total Population and Voting Age Population (VAP)

District 1

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 134,864 100.0% 132,513 100.0% - 2,351 - 1.74%

Anglos 35,548 26.4% 33,742 25.5% - 1,806 - 0.9%

Blacks 7,972 5.9% 8,146 6.1% + 174 + 0.2%

Hispanics 89,504 66.4% 88,380 66.7% + 1,124 + 0.3%

Asians 938 0.7% 1,615 1.2% + 677 + 0.5%

Others 902 0.7% 630 0.5% - 272 - 0.2%

VAP Pop. 96,194 100.0% 97,401 100.0% + 1,207 + 1.3%

Anglos 30,620 31.8% 29,634 30.4% - 986 - 1.4%

Blacks 5,551 5.8% 5,929 6.1% + 378 + 0.3%

Hispanics 58,547 60.9% 60,032 61.6% + 1,485 + 0.7%

Asians 755 0.8% 1,309 1.3% + 554 + 0.5%

Others 721 0.8% 497 0.5% - 224 - 0.3%



District 2

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 142,676 100.0% 136,031 100.0% - 6,645 - 4.7%

Anglos 19,162 13.4% 16,026 11.8% - 3,136 - 1.6%

Blacks 70,072 49.1% 57,868 42.5% - 12,204 - 6.6%

Hispanics 52,183 36.6% 60,848 44.7% + 8,665 + 8.1%

Asians 718 0.5% 723 0.5% + 5 0.0%

Others 541 0.4% 566 0.4% + 25 0.0%

VAP Pop. 101,123 100.0% 99,805 100.0% - 1,318 - 1.3%

Anglos 16,205 16.0% 14,210 14.2% - 1,995 - 1.8%

Blacks 51,062 50.5% 45,243 45.3% - 5,819 - 5.2%

Hispanics 32,879 32.5% 39,324 39.4% + 6,445 + 6.9%

Asians 574 0.6% 599 0.6% + 25 0.0%

Others 403 0.4% 429 0.4% + 26 0.0%


District 3

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 145,891 100.0% 141,324 100.0% - 4,567 - 3.1%

Anglos 16,509 11.3% 9,453 6.7% - 7,056 - 4.6%

Blacks 16,998 11.7% 13,978 9.9% - 3,020 - 1.8%

Hispanics 107,721 73.9% 113,856 80.6% + 6,135 + 6.7%

Asians 3,984 2.7% 3,581 2.5% - 403 - 0.2%

Others 607 0.4% 456 0.3% - 151 - 0.1%

Total VAP 97,765 100.0% 97,439 100.0% - 326 - 0.3%

Anglos 14,341 14.7% 8,398 8.6% - 5,943 - 6.1%

Blacks 11,694 12.0% 10,488 10.8% - 1,206 - 1.2%

Hispanics 68,340 69.8% 75,472 77.5% + 7,132 + 7.7%

Asians 2,943 3.0% 2,752 2.8% - 191 - 0.2%

Others 447 0.5% 329 0.3% - 118 - 0.2%



District 4

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 136,414 100.0% 146,853 100.0% +10,439 + 7.7%

Anglos 29,253 21.4% 31,909 21.7% + 2,656 + 0.3%

Blacks 78,435 57.5% 75,151 51.2% - 3,284 - 6.3%

Hispanics 19,636 14.4% 25,286 17.2% + 5,650 + 2.8%

Asians 8,052 5.9% 13,657 9.3% + 5,605 + 3.4%

Others 1,038 0.8% 850 0.6% - 188 - 0.2%

Total VAP 105,649 100.0% 118,625 100.0% +12,976 +12.3%

Anglos 26,850 25.4% 29, 371 24.8% + 2,521 - 0.6%

Blacks 57,945 54.9% 58,517 49.3% + 572 - 5.6%

Hispanics 13,186 12.5% 17,820 15.0% + 4,634 + 2.5%

Asians 6,818 6.5% 12,195 10.3% + 5,377 + 3.8%

Others 850 0.8% 722 0.6% - 128 - 0.2%



District 5

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 147,053 100.0% 151,794 100.0% + 4,741 + 3.2%

Anglos 83,135 56.5% 74,359 49.0% - 8,776 - 7.5%

Blacks 11,354 7.7% 11,649 7.7% + 304 0.0%

Hispanics 40,074 27.3% 47,905 31.6% + 7,831 + 4.3%

Asians 11,037 7.5% 16,890 11.1% + 5,853 + 3.6%

Others 1,434 1.0% 991 0.7% - 443 - 0.3%

Total VAP 110,465 100.0% 113,609 100.0% + 3,144 + 2.8%

Anglos 65,725 59.5% 59,019 51.9% - 6,706 - 7.6%

Blacks 8,131 7.4% 8,804 7.7% + 673 + 0.3%

Hispanics 27,141 24.6% 32,333 28.5% + 5,129 + 3.9%

Asians 8,417 7.6% 12,739 11.2% + 4,322 + 3.6%

Others 1,051 1.0% 714 0.6% - 337 - 0.4%



District 6

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 141,332 100.0% 145,197 100.0% + 3,865 + 2.7%

Anglos 64,086 45.3% 49,982 34.4% - 14,104 - 10.9%

Blacks 25,145 17.8% 29,526 20.3% + 4,381 + 2.5%

Hispanics 37,783 26.7% 49,825 34.3% +12,042 + 7.6%

Asians 12,826 9.1% 14,851 10.2% + 2,025 + 1.1%

Others 1,492 1.1% 1,013 0.7% - 479 - 0.4%

Total VAP 108,694 100.0% 112,241 100.0% + 3,547 + 3.3%

Anglos 54,235 49.9% 43,283 38.6% - 10,952 - 11.3%

Blacks 17,566 16.2% 21,928 19.5% + 4,362 + 3.3%

Hispanics 25,710 23.7% 34,236 30.5% + 8,526 + 6.8%

Asians 10,067 9.3% 12,064 10.7% + 1,997 + 1.4%

Others 1,116 1.0% 730 0.7% - 386 - 0.3%



District 7

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 135,847 100.0% 154,442 100.0% + 18,595 + 13.7%

Anglos 79,842 58.8% 75,059 48.6% - 4,783 - 10.2%

Blacks 8,048 5.9% 12,611 8.2% + 4,563 + 2.3%

Hispanics 39,810 29.3% 54,807 35.5% + 14,997 + 6.2%

Asians 6,300 4.6% 10,950 7.1% + 4,650 + 2.5%

Others 1,847 1.4% 1,015 0.7% - 832 - 0.7%

Total VAP 112,313 100.0% 126,309 100.0% + 13,996 + 12.5%

Anglos 70,572 62.8% 66,330 52.5% - 4,242 - 10.3%

Blacks 6,252 5.6% 10,182 8.1% + 3,930 + 2.5%

Hispanics 28,496 25.4% 39,653 31.4% + 11,157 + 6.0%

Asians 5,463 4.9% 9,329 7.4% + 3,866 + 2.5%

Others 1,530 1.4% 815 0.6% - 715 - 0.8%



District 8

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 134,067 100.0% 137,725 100.0% + 3,658 + 2.7%

Anglos 27,773 20.7% 38,458 27.9% +10,685 + 7.2%

Blacks 16,031 12.0% 15,159 11.0% - 872 - 1.0%

Hispanics 87,249 65.0% 78,397 56.9% - 8,852 - 8.1%

Asians 2,208 1.7% 4,618 3.4% + 2,410 + 1.7%

Others 806 0.6% 1,093 0.8% + 287 + 0.2%

Total VAP 98,201 100.0% 108,554 100.0% +10,353 +10.5%

Anglos 25,704 26.2% 36,149 33.3% +10,445 + 7.1%

Blacks 11,954 12.2% 11,869 10.9% - 85 - 1.3%

Hispanics 58,037 59.1% 55,466 51.1% - 2,571 - 8.0%

Asians 1,836 1.9% 4,111 3.8% + 2,275 + 1.9%

Others 670 0.7% 959 0.9% + 289 + 0.9%



District 9

2000 2010 Change

Total Pop. 141,545 100.0% 166,805 100.0% +25,260 +17.8%

Anglos 16,476 11.6% 13,152 7.9% - 3,324 - 3.7%

Blacks 82,539 58.3% 85,597 51.3% + 3,058 - 7.0%

Hispanics 36,628 25.9% 61,690 37.0% +25,062 +11.1%

Asians 5,269 3.7% 5,736 3.4% + 467 - 0.3%

Others 633 0.5% 630 0.4% - 3 - 0.1%

Total VAP 96,573 100.0% 117,157 100.0% +20,584 +21.3%

Anglos 13,694 14.2% 11,187 9.5% - 2,512 - 4.7%

Blacks 55,545 57.5% 61,636 52.6% + 6,091 - 4.9%

Hispanics 22,943 23.8% 39,333 33.6% +16,390 + 9.8%

Asians 3,950 4.1% 4,595 3.9% + 645 - 0.2%

Others 436 0.5% 406 0.3% - 30 - 0.2%



EXISTING HISD DISTRICTS



HISD PROPOSED DISTRICTS MAP



HISD District Population Estimates Preliminary Plan

District 1 District 2 District 3

Total Pct Total Pct Total Pct

Population 142,739 145,727 141,324

Anglo 38,293 26.8% 18,434 12.6% 9,453 6.7%

Hispanic 92,796 65.0% 66,482 45.6% 113,856 80.6%

Black (Non Hisp) 9,020 6.3% 59,372 40.7% 13,978 9.9%

Black + Hispanic 101,816 71.3% 125,854 86.4% 127,834 90.5%

Asian 1,926 1.3% 827 0.6% 3,581 2.5%

Others 704 0.5% 612 0.4% 456 0.3%


HISD District Population Estimates Preliminary Plan (continued)



Population 154,051 150,281 145,412

Anglo 30,059 19.5% 76,962 51.2% 49,967 34.4%

Hispanic 25,510 16.6% 44,443 29.6% 50,063 34.4%

Black (Non Hisp) 85,392 55.4% 10,839 7.2% 29,524 20.3%

Black + Hispanic 110,902 72.0% 55,282 36.8% 79,587 54.7%

Asian 12,315 8.0% 17,034 11.3% 14,846 10.2%

Others 775 0.5% 1,003 0.7% 1,012 0.7%


HISD District Population Estimates Preliminary Plan (continued)



Population 147,810 142,570 144,695

Anglo 72,187 48.8% 38,583 27.1% 11,502 7.9%

Hispanic 49,582 33.5% 81,414 57.1% 56,450 39.0%

Black (Non Hisp) 12,995 8.8% 16,330 11.5% 71,144 49.2%

Black + Hispanic 62,577 42.3% 97,744 68.6% 127,594 88.2%

Asian 12,064 8.2% 5,048 3.5% 5,060 3.5%

Others 982 0.7% 1,195 0.8% 539 0.4%

Total Population= 1,312,684

AVG POPULATION= 145,853.78


QUESTIONS?

Gene Locke

Andrews Kurth LLP

600 Travis

Suite 4200

Houston,Texas

(713) 220-3956

Rolando Rios

The Law Offices of Rolando Rios

115 E. Travis

Suite 1024

San Antonio, Texas

(210) 222-2102

Dr. Richard Murray

Dept. of Political Science

University of Houston

Houston, Texas

(713) 743-3909

(713) 743-3927

Documents

HISD Redistricting Hearings May 26, June 1, June 7 and June 9, 2011