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NASAMissionManagementUpdatestotheHinode ScienceWorkingGroup
September2016
OnbehalfoftheUSinstrumentteams
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20160014900 2018-11-12T20:41:33+00:00Z
FocusedModeCoordination
§ Status:Operable§ Nomajorissuesreportedfromtheteams.§ PlansforQSconditionsnotcompletelyresolved
§ ReminderforFocusedModeHOPssenttocommunityviaSolarNews.§ (releasedSept1,2016)
§ FocusedModecoordination§ FocusedModeLiaisonnotusedsincelastSWG
§ Relyingonweeklyinstrumentteammeetingsforcommunication
§ Prioritylistcirculatingwithweeklymeetings§ ActiveRegionevolution(fluxemergence,wavesinsunspots,flaremonitoring)§ CoronalHoles§ Prominence/Filament§ Disk-center(longbaselinesynopticscans)§ Polarmagneticnetwork
FocusedModeCoordination
§ FlareWatchDog§ Yumi Bamba-sanhasbeenfillingthispositionverywell.Hasnowgraduated,but
stillworkingwiththemission.§ Talkon
§ Suggestionsforsuccessorforuptickinactivity…eventually?Continuewithagraduatestudent?
*Shimizu,SWG2014
FocusedModeCalendar
November23rd isThanksgivingweek(lessUSsupportalready).FMduringDec/Janholidays.
PROPOSED PROPOSED PROPOSED PROPOSED PROPOSED PROPOSED
***Hi-CIIlaunchinJuly?***;Otherlaunches/campaigns?
HOPs
LeadHOPinformationsite:http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/home/solar/guidance/index.html
NASAHOPinformationsite:http://hinode.msfc.nasa.gov/hops.html
SubmissionForm:https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1mvUqVsIlEZ0ta4hbzkVqKKv_kW8x6IHI584IkvaOzX8/viewform
HOPs
Currentreport(asofSept.2,2016):
91HOPsreporting(~28%forHOPs72-325&2<71)251*TotalProductivityOutputs123RefereedPublications20Non-refereedPublications[e.g.,Conf.Proceedings]46EPOActivities62OtherOutputs[e.g.,Talks,Posters]
TotalProductsPerYear
TotalProductsPerHOP
Non-Refereed
EPO
Other
Refereed
*Totalslightlybelowlastyear’sreportduetoduplicatedN-rpubs&EPOsubmissionsdiscovered.Havenotsentoutacallyetthisyear.
HOPs
IcombinethestudytablewiththeproductoutputinformationforeachHOP(notjustrefereedpapers!).IncompleteduetonothavinginformationforeachHOP(e.g.,eclipses,SRs)andneedssomecloserinspectionperHOP,butit’sadecentfirstorderproxyforassessingwhatHinodehasbeenmostsuccessfulatobservingthusfar.Showstherichnessofthecampaigns.
HOPCoordinations
Hinoderegularlycoordinateswithbothground- andspace-basedobservatoriesandcomplementsseveralregularlyscheduleddata-collectingobservatories(*).Hinodealsoco-observeswithsoundingrocketandballoontechnologydevelopmentdemonstrations.MuchofthecoordinationisscheduledthroughtheHinodeOperationsPlan(HOP)program.Since2008,partneringsitesandinstrumentationinclude(butnotlimitedto):
Space-based:
ActiveCavityRadiometerIrradianceMonitorSatellite(ACRIM)*AdvancedCompositionExplorer(ACE)Akatsuki (Venusprobe)Cassini(Saturnmission)HubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)[WFPC3]InterfaceRegionImagingSpectrograph(IRIS)MercurySurface,SpaceEnvironment,Geochemistry,andRanging(Mercurymission)NuclearSpectroscopicTelescopeArray(NuSTAR)ProjectforOnBoard Autonomy2(PROBA2)[SWAP]*Ramaty HighEnergySolarSpectroscopicImager(RHESSI)SolarandHeliosphericObservatory(SOHO)[SUMER/EIT/CDS/UVCS/MDI/LASCO]*SolarDynamicsObservatory(SDO)[AIA/EVE/HMI/MinXSS]SolarRadiationandClimateExperiment(SORCE)[TIM]*SolarTerrestrialRelationsObservatory(STEREO)[EUVI]TelescopesforEUVSpectralImagingoftheSun(TESIS)[CORONAS]TimeHistoryofEventsandMacroscale InteractionsduringSubstorms(THEMIS)TransientRegionandCoronalExplorer(TRACE)*Wind:ComprehensiveSolarWindLaboratoryforLong-TermSolarWindMeasurements
Ground-based:
AtacamaLargeMillimeter/Submillimeter Array(ALMA)– ChileBialkow Observatory– PolandBigBearSolarObservatory(BBSO)[NST/FISS/IRIM]– NewJerseyDunnSolarTelescope(DST/NSO)[IBIS/ROSA/SHAZAM/FIRS]– NewMexicoDutchOpenTelescope(DOT)– LaPalmaFuxian LakeSolarObservatory[NVST]– ChinaGREGORSolarTelescope[GRIS]– TenerifeHaleakalaObservatory– HawaiiHida Observatory[DST]– JapanIitate RadioTelescope(IPRT)– TohokuUniversity/JapanKanzelhohe SolarObservatory(KSO)– AustriaLomnicky PeakObservatory[CoMP]– CzechRepublicMaunaLoaSolarObservatory(MLSO)[CoMP]– HawaiiMcMath-PierceTelescope(NSO)– NewMexicoMeudon SolarTower– ParisOndrejov Observatory– CzechRepublicPicduMidiObservatory– FranceSolarMagneticActivityResearchTelescope(SMART)– JapanSolarTerrestrialLaboratory[IPS]– NagoyaUniversity/JapanSolarTowerTelescopeofNanjingUniversity– ChinaSwedishSolarTelescope(SST)[CRISP/TRIPPEL]– LaPalmaSynopticOpticalLong-termInvestigationsoftheSun(SOLIS/NSO)– NewMexicoVacuumTowerTelescope(VTT)– TenerifeVeryLargeArray(VLA)
(Note:SeveralHighSchoolsandScienceMuseumsinJapan)
TechnologyDemonstrations:
SUMIRAISESUNRISE(Balloon)EUNIS
HIC(1,2)FOXSIVERISMOSES(1&2)
VAULTCLASP
52TotalObservatories/Rockets/Balloons;atleast69instrumentcoordinations
NASAsituation
SeniorReviewUpcoming(earlythisyeartolineupwithNASAbudgetreviews)
AnnouncementofOpportunityexpectedwithinthenextmonthPresentationtoPanel~March2017Results~May2017
Needto:
ScheduleUSteammeetingatHinode10.SetPrioritizedScienceGoalsforthenextfewyears.DeterminesufficiencyofresponsetopreviousPSGs.Pulltogetherimpactfulcoordinatedobservations(IRIS,NuSTAR,ALMA).SendoutcallforHOPoutputs.
• OnOctober9,2014acoronalcavitywasobservedbyHinodeandIRISaspartofIHOP264
• ThecavitystructureisclearlyintheEISFeXII,andFeXIIIrasterscans,buthecavitywallisnotvisibleintheEISFeXVline,indicatingthatthecavitydefiningstructuresarelessthan~2MK.
• ThecavityisalsovisibleintheXRTThin-Befilter,thoughforegroundandbackgroundloopsarealsovisible.
Jibben,Reeves,&Su,FrontiersinAstronomyandSpaceSciences,submitted
AIA193XRTThin-Be
EIS
ViatheHinode/XRTteamthroughtheSmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory
HinodeHighlights:CoronalCavityStructure
Jibben,Reeves,&Su,FrontiersinAstronomyandSpaceSciences,submitted
IRISmoviefromtheslit-jawimagershowsadisturbancethatcausesplasmatoflowoverandaroundtheprominence,outliningthecavitystructure
AcombinationXRT/SOTmovieshowsthatanincursionofhotplasmafromthenorthisresponsibleforthedisturbance.XRTdataalsoindicatesheatingaroundthetipoftheprominence
IRIS1400SJI
XRT(orange)SOT(grey)
ViatheHinode/XRTteamthroughtheSmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory
HinodeHighlights:CoronalCavityStructure
HinodeHighlights:CoronalCavityStructure
• IRISobservationsshowareasofdecreasedSiIVemissionalongtheneutralline,indicatingthepresenceofa“baldpatch”magneticconfiguration,wherefieldshaveaconcave-upshapeneartheSun’ssurface.
Jibben,Reeves,&Su,FrontiersinAstronomyandSpaceSciences,submitted
• Modelingshowsthataweaklytwistedmagneticfluxropeisconsistentwiththeobservationsforthiscavity,includingtheexistenceofa“bald patch”attheneutralline.
ViatheHinode/XRTteamthroughtheSmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory
• WhatdeterminestheboundarybetweenUmbraandPenumbra?• Intensity?Flowfield?MagneticField?
• Priorto2011,103yearsafterHale’s discoveryofsunspotmagneticfields,nomagneticpropertyfortheboundarywasfound.
• Jurcak (A&A2011):“Theverticalcomponentofthemagneticfield[attheboundary]ispossiblyindependentoftheumbral area.”
• Alargersurveyin2015hasconfirmedthisandfoundacanonicalvalueforBver attheboundary.
• ForBver >1860Gauss,theefficiencyofconvectionissuppressedanddarkumbraresults,withintermittentconvectiveumbral dots.
• ForBver <1860Gauss,theuniquemodeofpenumbralmagneto-convectiontakesover:penumbralfilamentswiththesamebrightnessandflowstructureregardlessofspotsize.
Whydidittake100yearstofindthis?• Measuredmagneticfieldsdependon
instrumentalcharacteristics,especiallyseeingandstraylight.
• HinodeSpectro-Polarimetermeasuresallsunspotsinanidenticalwaywithuniformpointspreadfunctionandpointingstability.
SOTCNBandhead 3883Å
ContributedbytheHinode/SOTteamthroughtheLockheedMartinSolarAstrophysicalLaboratory
HinodeHighlights:SunspotMagneticFields100YearsLater
ThecanonicalvalueofBver isconfirmedforspotsofallshapesandsizes,aslongastheyhavestablepenumbra.
SunspotsfromtheHinodeSPLevel-2archive,showingthe1860GausscontourinBver(Schlichenmaier,2015)
ContributedbytheHinode/SOTteamthroughtheLockheedMartinSolarAstrophysicalLaboratory
HinodeHighlights:SunspotMagneticFields100YearsLater
HinodeHighlights:SunspotMagneticFields100YearsLater
a)Temperature;b)MagneticFieldStrength;c)Magneticinclinationanglefromvertical;d)Dopplervelocity;allattau=1inthephotosphere.
ModernComputationalPowerAppliedtoSpectro-PolarimeterData• Aclevernewtechniquesolvesa
massivespatially-coupledoptimizationproblemtomakebestestimatesfortheatmosphericparameters(B,V,T,etc.)ateachpoint,correctingfortheblurringbydiffraction.Themapsshowsmall-scalestructuressharperthanintheoriginaldata(vanNoort,A&A2013).
• RecentapplicationbyTiwari etal(A&A2015)notonlyderivesthesharpestmapsevermadeofsunspotpropertiesbutalsomeasuresthedepthdependenceoftemperature,velocity,andmagneticfieldstrength,inclinationandtwist.
ContributedbytheHinode/SOTteamthroughtheLockheedMartinSolarAstrophysicalLaboratory
Chromospheric EvaporationFlowsandDensityChangesDeducedfromHinode/EISDuringanM1.6Flare
Gomory,Veronig,Su,Temmer,Thalmann,A&A,A6,2016
• ObservationsofanM1.6flarewithHinode/EIS,SDO/AIA,andRHESSI
• EISDopplershiftsandelectrondensitiesarecomparedwiththeenergyfluxmeasuredwithRHESSI
• Spectroscopicresultssupportexplosivechromosphericevaporationandshowthedependenceoftheupflow velocityonthesteepnessoftheenergydistribution
ContributedbytheHinode/EISteamthroughtheNavalResearchLaboratory
HinodeHighlights:ChromosphericEvaporationDuringFlares
HinodeHighlights:ChromosphericEvaporationDuringFlares
SimultaneousIrisandHinode/EISObservationsandModelingOfThe2014October27X2.0ClassFlare
Polito,Reep,Simones,Dudik,DelZanna,Mason,andGolub,ApJ,816,2016
• ObservationsofanX2flarewithHinode/EIS+XRT,IRIS,SDO/AIA,andRHESSI
• HightemperaturelineprofilesinEISgenerallyshowbothabluewingandstationarycomponentbutarecompletelyblueshiftedinIRIS,suggestingthatevaporationisresolvedwithIRIS.
• Hydrodynamicsimulationssupportanelectronbeamheatingmodel.
IRIS
EIS
ContributedbytheHinode/EISteamthroughtheNavalResearchLaboratory
Hinode’sSolarOpticalTelescope(SOT)capturesimagesofmagneticallydrivenstructuresonthesolarsurfacewithitshigh-resolutionSpectro-Polarimeter(SP),whichusesaslittodisperselight.SOT/SPimagesarecreatedbyeitherscanningaregionwithaslit(rasteringmode)orbyallowingaregiontodriftpasttheslitastheSunrotates(sitandstaremode).
ByscanningtheslitacrossaregionwhereMercurywasexpectedtotraverse,SOTcapturedthisbeautifulimageoftheplanetinfrontofsolargranules(roughlythesizeofTexas)ontheSun’ssurface.Ittookover10minutestoscanthefullfieldofviewwith512verticalslits.BecauseMercurymovedwhileitwasbeingscanning,theplanetappearselliptical.
Imagecredit:JAXA/NASA/LockheedMartinSolarandAstrophysicsLaboratory(LMSAL)
TransitofMercury– May9,2016
Hinode/SOT
Forthisstunningimage,theslitwasheldinafixedpositionwhileMercuryandtheSundriftedbyoveraperiodof3.4minutes.Theimageconsistsof828verticalstrips,eachone~110kilometerswide,thatarestitchedtogether.Thebackgroundshowshowthesolargranulesinthepreviousimagechangewithtimeasconvectioncausesmaterialtoflowupanddownduringtheheatingandcoolingprocess.
Imagecredit:JAXA/NASA/LMSAL
TransitofMercury – May9,2016
Hinode/SOT
Hinode’sExtremeultravioletImagingSpectrometer(EIS)alsocreatesimagesbyrasteringwithaslit,butitisoptimizedtoobservethehottertemperaturesolarmaterialintheSun’satmosphere.ThisimagefromEISshowsMercuryasitapproachestheEastlimboftheSun.ThebackgroundsolarimageiscenteredontheFeXIIline(195Å)andshowsmaterialthatisover1milliondegreesKelvin.
Imagecredit:JAXA/NASA/UKSA/NavalResearchLaboratory(NRL)
TransitofMercury – May9,2016
Hinode’sthirdandfinalinstrument,theX-RayTelescope(XRT),iscapableoftakingfull-SunimagesofthehotsolaratmosphereinsoftX-rays.
Imagecredit:JAXA/NASA/SmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory(SAO)
TransitofMercury – May9,2016
Mercury
Hinode/XRT
UsingitsAl-polyfilter,whichcapturesthelightfromcoronalmaterialatmillionsofdegrees,XRTtrackedMercuryfromlimbtolimb. TheslightapparentwobbleofMercury’spathinfrontoftheSunisanopticaleffectcalledparallaxcausedbyHinode’sorbitaroundtheEarthfrompoletopole.
Moviecredit:JAXA/NASA/SAO/MontanaStateUniversity
TransitofMercury– May9,2016
OnOctober27,2014,anX2flarewasobservedwithSDO,IRISandHinode.IRISwasrolledby90degrees,sotheIRISandEISfieldsofviewoverlapped.
Polito etal.ApJ,2016
IRIS1330A
ViatheHinode/XRTteamthroughtheSmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory
HinodeHighlights:X2flareonOctober27,2014
Evidenceforchromospheric evaporation:theEISFeXXIIIlineshowsblueshifts of~200km/s.TheIRISFeXXIlineshowscompleteblueshifts (indicatingflowsareresolved),thatdecreasewithtime.
Polito etal.ApJ,2016EISFeXXIII
ViatheHinode/XRTteamthroughtheSmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory
HinodeHighlights:X2flareonOctober27,2014
HinodeHighlights:X2flareonOctober27,2014
• TemperaturesfromAIAandXRTshowthathotemission(log(T[K])>7.2)isfirstconcentratedatthefootpoints beforefillingtheloops.
• Density-sensitivelinesfromIRISandEISgiveestimatesofelectronnumberdensityof≳1012 cm-3 inthetransitionregionlinesand1010cm-3 inthecoronallinesduringtheimpulsivephase.
Polito etal.ApJ,2016
• Modelingindicatesthisdataisconsistentwithanelectronbeamheatingmodelratherthanthermalconduction– keytodistinguishingbetweenflareheatingsources
ViatheHinode/XRTteamthroughtheSmithsonianAstrophysicalObservatory
HinodeHighlights:WhatisSOTdoingnow?
SincetheFiltergraph camerafailedinFebruary,2016,theSolarOpticalTelescope’sscienceinstrumentisnowtheSpectro-Polarimeter (SP),whichisworkingnominally.Theseslidesshowwhatdataitcollects,bothongoingobservationsforalmost10yearsandnewmodesenabledbyadditionaltelemetryandIRIScoordination.
SPisapolarization-sensitiveslitspectrometer.Itsspectraareprocessedtomakelineprofilesintwophotospheric FeIlinesandStokesimages.StokesQUVshowthepresenceofmagneticfieldsintheatmosphere.
Inversionofthelineprofilesmakesmapsofmagneticfieldvectors,Dopplershiftsandotheratmosphericthermalparameters.
RawSpectra(madeonboard)
CalibratedLineProfilesatasinglepixel
Imagesinthefourpolarizationstates,theStokesParametersIQUV
AR12529,4/14/201612:45UT
I V
Q U
I:ContinuumIntensity V:LOSMagneticField
Q:TransverseField,+/-45◦ U:TransverseField,0or90◦
I V
Q U
ContributedbytheHinode/SOTteamthroughtheLockheedMartinSolarAstrophysicalLaboratory
HinodeHighlights:WhatisSOTdoingnow?
MoretelemetryisavailablenowforSPandforXRTandEIS.Asaresult,SPcantakemorefull-resolutionspectra(0.16,not0.32arcsecond pixels). FewfullresolutionmapsortimeserieshavebeenmadesincetheX-bandfailure
in2008,becausethetelemetryneededis4xgreater.
Thesefull-resolutionSPimagesshowthemixedpolarityregionoutsideofasunspotwiththehighestresolutionandsensitivityavailablefromanyobservatory.ThebottomtwoimagesarederivedbyinversionoftheStokes
spectra;thescatterednoisypixelsarelocationsofveryweakmagneticfieldwheretheinversionfailedtoconverge.
AR12529,4/15/201618:21UT
ContinuumIntensity LOSMagneticField
MagneticFieldStrength MagneticInclinationAngle
Hinode/SOT
ContributedbytheHinode/SOTteamthroughtheLockheedMartinSolarAstrophysicalLaboratory
HinodeHighlights:WhatisSOTdoingnow?
ManyIRIS&Hinode sciencegoalsrequiresensitivemagneticfieldmeasurementswithhighcadence,coveringtheIRISslit.NewSPobservingprogramsmake
repeatedtall,skinnymapswith0.5– 20minutecadence.Withcarefulplanning,theIRISandSPrasterareasoverlapto~2arcsecond accuracyinthenarrowdimension.
SimultaneousSP magnetogramsandIRISMgIIspectrographimagesofJune13.Thereisaverticaloffset
butalignmentinthenarrowhorizontaldimensionisgood.
Bothmoviesonthisslidehave9x42arcsecond FOV.
SPmoviesfromaHOP313observationonJune13,2016.
Thisgoalistosearchforchromosphericmanifestationsofsuper-sonicdownflows
seeninthephotosphere.
FullresolutionSPmoviesfromanIRIS&SOTstudyofexplosiveeventsinthemixedpolarity
outsideofthesunspotonApril2,2016.
I VelBlos Btv
I VelBlos Btv
ContributedbytheHinode/SOTteamthroughtheLockheedMartinSolarAstrophysicalLaboratory