HinduisHinduism and m and BuddhiBuddhi

smsm

Brahman as divine force in the universe.

HinduismHinduism

Thousands of gods and goddessesThousands of gods and goddesses One universal spirit = all gods – One universal spirit = all gods –

Brahman***Brahman*** Upanishads –Upanishads – religious writings about religious writings about

the universal spiritthe universal spirit One of the oldest religions in the worldOne of the oldest religions in the world Third largest religionThird largest religion Came from a mix of Aryan and Indian Came from a mix of Aryan and Indian

religionreligion

The Five Beliefs of The Five Beliefs of HinduismHinduism

BrahmanBrahman (universal spirit) (universal spirit) Deities ( all gods are part of one Deities ( all gods are part of one

universal spirit)universal spirit) DharmaDharma (perform your duty of your (perform your duty of your

caste: the Divine law)caste: the Divine law) KarmaKarma (consequences of how a person (consequences of how a person

lives- good life= good karma; closer to lives- good life= good karma; closer to Brahman)Brahman)

SamsaraSamsara (person moves through various (person moves through various life stages, ending with death and then life stages, ending with death and then rebirth into a new body)rebirth into a new body)

Brahma – creator of the Brahma – creator of the worldworld

Vishnu – preserver of Vishnu – preserver of worldworld

Siva – destroyer of worldSiva – destroyer of world

Ganesha – lord of existing Ganesha – lord of existing beingsbeings

remover of obstaclesremover of obstacles

Krishna – teacher of worldKrishna – teacher of world

Lakshmi – goddess of light, Lakshmi – goddess of light, beauty,beauty,

good fortune, and wealthgood fortune, and wealth

Saraswati – goddess of Saraswati – goddess of knowledge,knowledge,

music, creative artsmusic, creative arts

Parvati – universal Parvati – universal mothermother

Siva with Parvati Siva with Parvati and son Ganeshaand son Ganesha

Surya – god of the sunSurya – god of the sun

DharmaDharma Dharma – the duties Dharma – the duties

of life, of the casteof life, of the caste If you follow your If you follow your

dharma, you will dharma, you will have good karma.have good karma.

This picture shows This picture shows people doing the people doing the duties within their duties within their varna. Can you varna. Can you guess the five guess the five classes?classes?

Karma-Karma-the consequences of the consequences of how a person liveshow a person lives

Good karma? Move up a casteGood karma? Move up a caste Bad karma? Move down a casteBad karma? Move down a caste

Reincarnation – Reincarnation – after a person after a person dies, he is born into a new life (a dies, he is born into a new life (a better life if he has good karma)better life if he has good karma)

This This represents represents Karma as Karma as it shows it shows different different levels of levels of existence existence into which into which people can people can be reborn be reborn according according to their to their actions.actions.

SamsaraSamsaraSamsara was the Hindu

belief that a person

progresses through

various life stages, ending

with death and then

rebirth into a new body.

BuddhismBuddhism

Buddhism – religion founded by Buddhism – religion founded by Siddhartha GautamaSiddhartha Gautama

The Buddha – Prince Siddhartha The Buddha – Prince Siddhartha GautamaGautama

Siddhartha GautamaSiddhartha Gautama

Rich princeRich prince Left his richesLeft his riches Spent the rest of his life wandering Spent the rest of his life wandering

and teachingand teaching He believed: He believed:

- Everyday world is an illusion- Everyday world is an illusion

- Everyone should give up all worldly - Everyone should give up all worldly desiresdesires

BuddhismBuddhism

Nirvana – state of wisdom one Nirvana – state of wisdom one achieves after giving up everythingachieves after giving up everything

Heart of Buddha’s teachings – The Heart of Buddha’s teachings – The Four Noble Truths:Four Noble Truths:

- Life is full of suffering- Life is full of suffering

-***People suffer because they desire -***People suffer because they desire worldly worldly things and self-satisfactionthings and self-satisfaction

- The way to end suffering is to stop - The way to end suffering is to stop desiring desiring thingsthings

- Follow the Eightfold Path- Follow the Eightfold Path

BuddhismBuddhism

Buddha did not accept caste systemBuddha did not accept caste system Buddhism became popular with Buddhism became popular with

untouchables and lower caste peopleuntouchables and lower caste people They, too, could reach They, too, could reach

enlightenmentenlightenment

What two groups did Buddhism split What two groups did Buddhism split into?into?

Theravada BuddhismTheravada Buddhism

Buddha a teacher, not a godBuddha a teacher, not a god Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand,

Cambodia, LaosCambodia, Laos

Mahayana BuddhismMahayana Buddhism

Buddha – a godBuddha – a god Following Eightfold Path too hardFollowing Eightfold Path too hard Must worship BuddhaMust worship Buddha Then after in heaven, follow Then after in heaven, follow

Eightfold PathEightfold Path Spread to: China, Korea, Japan, Spread to: China, Korea, Japan,

Tibet ***Tibet ***

BuddhismBuddhism

Dalai Lama – leader of governmentDalai Lama – leader of government Panchen Lama – religious leaderPanchen Lama – religious leader

Both considered reincarnations of Both considered reincarnations of BuddhaBuddha

Tenzin Gyatso, 14Tenzin Gyatso, 14thth Dalai Dalai Lama, TibetLama, Tibet

JainismJainism

Jainism – religionJainism – religion Rejected caste systemRejected caste system Taught Taught ahimsa,ahimsa, nonviolence nonviolence Did not want to harm Did not want to harm anything anything on earthon earth If someone is nice to everyone, they If someone is nice to everyone, they

could achieve nirvanacould achieve nirvana Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr.

practiced ahimsa.practiced ahimsa.

GandhiGandhi

Martin Luther King, Jr.Martin Luther King, Jr.