High Voltage Cable Distance Protection

7/27/2019 High Voltage Cable Distance Protection

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LuisUnfollow Follow Luis

Luis Bello I totally agree Mr Mahdi the impedance characteristic change, and the way you setthe distance relay too, so you need to identify and get the real sequence impedance and so set the

protective...

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Michael J.Unfollow Follow Michael J.

Michael J. Wright Is this an underground cable?

In practice, many utilities will require a current differential on high voltage underground cables.

Most underground cable faults are permanent faults and must be cleared as fast as possible.

Distance schemes typically have Z1, Z2, and Z3. You would want the Z1 setting to look at theentire length of the cable as you dont want any part of the underground cable not protected by

your highest speed tripping.

I was the P&C engineer on a 230kV underground cable project we used current differentialprotection for both primary and secondary. Each relay had an option to use distance as a backup

so we did turn that one as well but we really trusted the current differential as what would clear

faults on this underground cable.

Hope this helps!

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4

EmmanuelUnfollow Follow Emmanuel

Emmanuel Britto A very interesting solution is to use line differential protection. If voltagetransformers are available at both ends directional overcurrent protection may be added in order

to provide backup protection.

Of course it is necessary to run fiber optics between both ends in order to transfer the

information. The limitation to use optic fiber is that the cable/optic fiber lenght does not exceed80km.



0

RadostinUnfollow Follow Radostin

Radostin Nikolov I totally agree with Mahdi.... Definetly the impedance characteristic for cable

distance relays are change, and ther is have a changes in way of setings for distance relay....Better way for cable protection for me is a phase differential relays protection.... Current is a

better values for control and mettering in cables field, than RL/RC values....



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RaymondUnfollow Follow Raymond

Raymond Lee How long is the cable ?

Is it single phase or three phase ?

What is the voltage class ?



1

ruhollahUnfollow Follow ruhollah

ruhollah baziar thanks all.As my friends have described, distance relay is a backup protection.I want improve this protection. At first, I know that Z0 of cable should be measure.

Also,I know the arc resistance in cable core to shield fault is very low about 0.1 ohm.

Now, in your opinion,which situation doesn't distance protection work??

cable characteristics:

length : 11.7 km

three phaserated voltage :230 kv

cross bonded formatlaid in tunnel


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6/12

EricUnfollow Follow Eric

Eric Stark A distance backup prot. to cables is done in many places without a problem. I

encountered it in Toronto, Canada and phi-phi island, Thailand.

The main prot. is DIFFERENTIAL, of course, and the cable MUST have sufficient impedance as

Zprimary for the relay to function correctly and securely.

Setting the Dist. relay for cables is fairly simple, after the initial impedance study.

Don't be too much concerned about the Distance part. If you have the above requirements, it will

work fine. It does for me.

Hope it helped,

Eric StarkRNItechnology

Sr. Eng. Trainer & Consultant

Protection & Control EngineeringT: 1-416-546-546-1

[email protected]

www.RNItechnology.com



4

BalajiUnfollow Follow Balaji

Balaji Gir Along with above question, i have another question for 10KV cable protection.

Differential protection is mandatory for 10kv underground cable or not?
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7/12

I think Directional earthfault/ overcurrnet is sufficient for 10kv short length cable.


Reply privately

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0


Emmanuel Britto Well, for you to have a directional protectiona it would benecessary either

having enough shortcircuit contribution(what may be difficult in some cases due to arcresistance) or a pilot transmisson sot that you may ensure that the information will be transfered

to both ends. Further, for you to use directional function you will need a voltage reference, as

well.But if you have a pikot, why not using the line (cable) differential protection?



0

MiroslavUnfollow Follow Miroslav

Miroslav Antic @Balaji I agree with you. For 10kV cables Directional earthfault/overcurrent isgood enough. It looks to me that differential protection for 10 kV cable is not necessary expense.

1 day ago Unlike Like

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8/12


9/12

Miroslav Antic Doesn't every substation X/10kV/kV have measurement at cable begining? So

if there is any 10kV measurement in substation (there must be VTs) and CTs on cable bay

(which is mandatory) it is possible to deploy directional earthfault protection. Zero component offault current is registered with CTs and that is good enough for high impedance faults. Please

advise if I'm wrong.

8 hours ago Unlike Like


0


Emmanuel Britto Dear Miroslav Antic

Directional overcurrent protection is a very good solution but to add a pilot will considerablyimprove its behavior in case low contribution to the fault ( fault through arc resistance) occurs. In

this case, you may be able to prepare a logic with the directionality.

3 hours ago Unlike Like

Reply privately

NEELAKANDAN MASILAMANI I agree with michel J.wright, the only thing we have to

take care of line diff.protection is pilot communication channel healthiness.so we have choose a

relay such that when the communication fails ,it automatically switched to dist.protection from

line dif.protn. like ALSTOM P543 RELAY



0
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10/12

TusharUnfollow Follow Tushar

Tushar Agarwal Best protection solution for the Cable is "Differential" protection with distance

or directional over current back up.

However I have not found any issue if you want to use only distance protection for the cable with

proper setting calculation.

Now a days it is also possible to use distance protection relay for the hybrid line. Separate settingoption is available for the overhead line and cable section.



1

BalajiUnfollow Follow Balaji

Balaji Gir Thnaks to all.

Now i conclude from the discussion, for high volatge cable protection Pilot wire diffferential

protection must be used along with direction OC/EF protection.

In our project we have used P543 from Alstom for 60kV cable along with pilot wire differential

protection.



1

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11/12


Emmanuel Britto ABSOLUTELY.

MAIN PROTECTION SHALL BE LINE DIFFERENTIAL TROUGH PILOT INFORMATION

TRANSFERENCE WHEREAS DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT SHALL OPERATEBACKUP PROTECTION AND ALSO WITH PILOT COMMUNICATION IN ORDER TO

TRANSFER THE INFORMATION FROM ONE END TO THE OTHER.



1

MajidUnfollow Follow Majid

Majid Hashemi HI

There are so many good advices.We have incorrect distance operation in our network.The mostproblems of distance for cables are:

1-zero sequence impedance varying with the fault current.

2-low reactant of cables that creates several problems.3-capacitance in cables are much higher than OHL

4-the zero sequence depends on many parameters and is often difficult to determine.during

unbalance faults,the ground current can return through various means,such

as:ground,sheath,ground and sheath,ground and sheath and adjacent cables5-...

Differential protection is the best but in old networks is impossible.

so,i am wondering if anyone could help me about:1-during the fault our some of distance relays detect the direction correctly(for eg reverse) but at

once that a CB opens operate in zone1.

2-in some cases during a fault in one cable , all of adjacent cables operate in zone1 ( operatecorrectly(zone 2 or 3) )
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12/12

in old network



0


Emmanuel Britto Dear Majid HashemiIf you have the possibility to lay a pilot cable or optic fiber you will be able to work on PUTT,

POTT Bloking or Unblocking systems for the existing distance protection for phase protection.

For line to ground faults, again using the pilot, you shall use directional overcurrent relays ontransfer trip logic.

But still, the best solution, either to line or ground faults would be line differential scheme plus

directional overcurrent protections.

Kind regards



0
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Documents

High Voltage Cable Distance Protection