High Speed Trains - Censec · operation is allowed on all AC and DC lines for true European interoperability. • Running at up to 360 km/h, it is Europe’sfastest serial production

High Speed Trains

DTU June 2019

Lasse Toylsbjerg-Petersen

Time matters

© Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.2

What is High Speed?

2

0 – 189 km/h 190 – 249 km/h 250 - km/h

Coventional Rail High Speed Very High Speed

The European Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) defines three different speeds for Rail

Trend: Infrastructure for High Speed can be

established for ”same” costs as conventional

Trend: Conventional Rolling

Stock can be developed up to

200 kph

…but in many cases VHS Rolling Stock

can be ”down scaled” to 200 kph with

better Total Costs of Ownership


Especially ”Cross Speeds” leads to VHS solutions for 200 kph

3

250 km/h 250 km/h500 km/h

0 – 189 km/t 190 – 249 km/t 250 - km/t

When train passes eachother at high speed, the cross wind lead to specific technical requirements for

the trains.

With cross speeds at 400+ kph, comfort for the passengers are low, - thus from 200 kph trains starts

to be pressuretight – leading to ”one plate doors” (not small doors)

In addition there is a safety issue to ensure doors and windows are not ”pushed in” at cross speeds of

420+ kph


Market trends

Key industry trends for HS and VHS trains

Author | Organizational abbreviation | Date (Month DD, YYYY) | Rev. x.x | Confidentiality level

Mega city trend

increases

demand for

intercity and

airport

connections

More people will

commute

Speed: Time

matters

Liberalization

Private rail

competitors

Buses

Individual

transport

through

automation and

low fuel prices

Increasing

competition

between

operators

Digitalization

Automation

Last mile

(door-to-door)

Efficient high-

speed

operations and

connections

Total cost of

ownership

High capacity

and availability

Work and relax

Passenger

amenities

Safe and

convenient way

of transport

Cross-border

operation

Energy

efficiency

Carbon neutral

Emission free

transport

Ban of

combustion

engines, bad

image of diesel

engine

Urbanization and

globalization

Competition Innovations Customer

demand

Environmental

awareness


Market trends



Mega city trend

increases

demand for

intercity and

airport

connections

More people will

commute

Speed: Time

matters

Liberalization

Private rail

competitors

Buses

Individual

transport

through

automation and

low fuel prices

Increasing

competition

between

operators

Digitalization

Automation

Last mile

(door-to-door)

Efficient high-

speed

operations and

connections

Total cost of

ownership

High capacity

and availability

Work and relax

Passenger

amenities

Safe and

convenient way

of transport

Cross-border

operation

Energy

efficiency

Carbon neutral

Emission free

transport

Ban of

combustion

engines, bad

image of diesel

engine

Urbanization and

globalization


demand

Environmental

awareness

KTH: ”By every % you

cut from transport time,

you gain 1% more

passengers”

You need to utilize your

rolling stock and staff to

the maximum

If rail does not develop –

other transport modes will


Market trends



Mega city trend

increases

demand for

intercity and

airport

connections

More people will

commute

Speed: Time

matters

Liberalization

Private rail

competitors

Buses

Individual

transport

through

automation and

low fuel prices

Increasing

competition

between

operators

Digitalization

Automation

Last mile

(door-to-door)

Efficient high-

speed

operations and

connections

Total cost of

ownership

High capacity

and availability

Work and relax

Passenger

amenities

Safe and

convenient way

of transport

Cross-border

operation

Energy

efficiency

Carbon neutral

Emission free

transport

Ban of

combustion

engines, bad

image of diesel

engine

Urbanization and

globalization


demand

Environmental

awareness

KTH: ”By every % you

cut from transport time,

you gain 1% more

passengers”

You need to utilize your

rolling stock and staff to

the maximum

If rail does not develop –

other transport modes will

Customers are not buying HS or VHS trains

– they are investing in a long-term success

Very High Speed trains

Bombardier ZEFIRO Speed

250 – 380 kph


General

ZEFIRO380 China*

Author | Organisational abbreviation | Date (Month DD, YYYY) | Rev. x.x | Confidentiality level

8

* Named CRH380D by the customer Chinese Railway Corporation

The ZEFIRO380 China sets the benchmark for clean speed and long-distance rail travel.

As one of the world’s fastest series-production trains, it balances the demands of economy and ecology. It has an aerodynamic design that

benefits from Bombardier Aerospace know-how and, fueled by unique BOMBARDIER ECO4 technologies, delivers the lowest energy

consumption per seat in this segment.

In September 2009 the Chinese Ministry of Railways (MOR) ordered 80 CRH380D trains for the country’s rapidly expanding VHS rail network. In

May 2012, the contract was changed and finalized to 70 CRH380D 8-car trains (and 106 CRH1 8-car trains). In September 2015 the customer

ordered 15 more 8-car train sets.

All these trains were developed together with and produced in our JV Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation (BST).


CRH380DCRC (China Railway Corporation), China


Vehicle data

Type of vehicle EMU

Quantity 70 trains + 15 on order; 680 cars

Configurations Seater coaches, 8-car or 16-car

Power supply 25 kV AC,

Train length / system length 215 m (8 cars), 428 m (16 cars)

Train control Chinese ETCS

Capacity Up to 664 seats on a 8-car train,

Up to 1,336 seats on a 16-car train

Speed 380 km/h

Max acceleration > 0.48 m/s²

Propulsion Up to 20 MW

Carbody Aluminum

Axle Load 17 t

Project history

Order year September 2009, September 2012

In service March 2015

Joint-Venture Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation

Ltd. (BST)

Services

Contract type Full maintenance contract for heavy

maintenance


V300ZEFIRO Italy*

• Consortium with Hitachi Rail Italy

• Offers unprecedented capacity and comfort levels in the high speed segment.

• Provide multi-voltage technology and TSI compliance: including different power supply, signalling and train control systems, cross-border

operation is allowed on all AC and DC lines for true European interoperability.

• Running at up to 360 km/h, it is Europe’s fastest serial production train.

• can operate on any TSI high speed rail networks and cross country corridors, riding on both dedicated and non-dedicated tracks.

• sets new benchmarks in the maintenance of the train with CBM (condition-based maintenance), leading edge concept for an efficient

operational management of the fleet.

Major Milestones:

• September 30°, 2010 Trenitalia ordered 50 train sets

• In December 2014 signature of maintenance contract

• Certified with TSI 2008 in April 2015 (valid until March 2022)

• 2015 June 14: Start of commercial service

• Test speed of 390,7 km/h reached on Dec.1°, 2015.

• VO French corridor received in December 2017

• May 21st, 2019: order of additional 14 train sets

*named Frecciarossa 1000 by the customer Trenitalia, Italy


V300ZEFIRO ItalyFSTrenitalia (Italian National Railways), Italy


Vehicle/system data

Type of vehicle EMU

Quantity 50 trains; 400 cars

Configurations 8-car

Power supply Up to 4 systems per train (25 kV AC;

15 kV AC; 3kV DC; 1.5 kV DC)

Train length / system length 202 m

Train control ETCS local ATP systems IT, FR

Capacity 455 seats + 2 PRM

Speed 25 kV AC: 360 km/h

15 kV AC, 3 kV DC: 300 km/h

1,5 kV DC: 220 km/h


Propulsion 9.6 MW

Carbody Aluminum

Axle Load (TSI) 17 t

Project history

Order year September 2010

In service 2015

Consortium Bombardier Transportation Italy in partnership with Hitachi

Services

Contract type Full maintenance contract for Bombardier’s scope


V300ZEFIRO ItalyOperability

V300ZEFIRO is a multi-voltage train conforming to the European Technical

Specifications for Interoperability (TSI).

It will be able to cross boarders

and travel on the following

EU corridors:

(Incl. national ATC systems

and ETCS 1&2)

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Motor Bogie

Trailer Bogie

Main transformer

Motor converter

Auxiliary converter

Batteries /-charger

Brake resistor

DC Chopper

DM1Executive Service Level

TT2 Business Service Level

M3Business Service Level

T4Premium Service Level

DM8Standard Service Level

TT7Standard Service Level

M6Standard Service Level

T5Premium Service Level

Vehicle Concept SummaryDonor Product V300ZEFIRO Italy - Configuration


Examples of interior from ZEFIRO VHS trains

High Speed trains

Bombardier ZEFIRO Express

200 – 250 kph


SE

Gauge

Bombardier ZEFIRO Express

For HS trains several changes to the standard VHS train is possible


ZEFIRO Express full variability to cover a wide market range

Adjustable configuration

Adjustable Operating Speed

Adjustable Gauge

250 km/h 200 km/h

UIC 2825

mm

DK 3200

mm

SE 3450

mm

Adjustable intermediate cars

LF / 1 door

HF / 1 door

LF / 2 door

DK

Gauge

54m

213m

380 km/h for reference


Wide carbody and doors designed for high-capacity routes

Maximized capacity


Open design and 3+2 seating arrangements provide capacity for up to 800 seats.

UIC 2825 mm

DK 3260 mm

SE 3450 mm

The ZEFIRO solution incorporates a highly flexible carbody

Width can be adapted according to country specific network

requirements, allowing for comfortable 2+3 seating if

required

Quick boarding and departure with 1,400 mm doors and an

interior that enables the passengers to quickly locate

available seats


Best comfort level to satisfy your customers

High comfort and accessibility


Pressure tightness, wide carbody, plus high-level and low-level boarding, ensures comfort and accessibility.

Boarding height is flexible and allows passengers with reduced mobility to board the train without assistance

Step-free entrance into the train and the area for passengers with limited mobility is accessible without steps

1,400 mm wide doors for easy access

Boarding is rapid and convenient, increasing reliability by allowing the train to stay on schedule

High-floor and low-floor

Highest possible passenger comfort level based on high-speed platform

experience built into the ZEFIRO Express

Pressure tight cars to increase comfort when passing tunnels and other trains, and to

reduce noise when travelling at high speeds

Spacious environment with high ceiling and wide carbody

Comfort that will improve customer satisfaction and increase ridership

Passenger comfort


Main technical data

Bombardier’s solution – ZEFIRO Express train


Service speed range 200 km/h to 250 km/h

Variants Seater coaches, up to 8-car, low-

floor and high-floor entrance

Capacity range Up to 800 seats on a 213 m train

(in wide body 2+3 seating)

Train length Flexible configuration from 2-cars

(54m) to 8-cars (213 m)

Carbody Aluminum carbody, pressure tight,

UIC profile and wide body

applications, 1 or 2 doors per side

Voltage 15 / 25 kV AC

Propulsion Asynchronous motors, forced

cooling, high redundant single axle

drive, scalable propulsion for all

customer needs

Multiple operation Multiple operation of up to 4 possible

Max acceleration Up to 0.9 m/s²

Axle load 20 t

Bogie FLEXX Compact


The ZEFIRO Express is derived from our Chineese CRH1A/B/EChina Ministry of Railways, China


Vehicle data

Type of vehicle EMU

Quantity 168 trains; 1,664 cars

Configurations 8-car and 16-car

Power supply 25 kV AC

Train length / system length 216 - 429 m

Train control Chinese ETCS

Capacity Sleeper 16-car configuration:

122 seats, 480 beds, 16 luxury beds

Speed 250 km/h


Propulsion Up to 13.5 MW

Carbody Stainless steel carbody, later aluminum

Axle Load 16.5 t

Project history

Order year October 2007, July 2010,

September 2012

In service January 2007

Joint-Venture Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation

Ltd. (BST)

Services

Contract type Full maintenance contract for heavy

maintenance


The CRH1A is among others used at the Hainan High Speed Ring


Hainan is a Chinese Island in the

South China Sea. As part of the

development of the Island for tourism

many industries where relocated to

main land, while the entire

infrastrucutre was redesigned. Of this

First the ”Eastern” high speed line

opened in 2010, then the ”Western”

High speed line opened in 2017. Both

serve the two main cities of the Island

Haikou and Sanya.

Today op to 35 trains travel pr

direction pr day. 9 of these make a

complete circle.

Picture of the same street in the

city of Guilinyang in year 2012

(left) and 2018 (right) showing

the development of the Island


The Hainan High Speed is interesting in a Danish perspective


Hainan Western Line

Sanya – Haikou 308 km

Travel time 1t, 57 min

Stops 4 stop

Max speed 250 km/t

Population Sanya 685.000

Populatione Haikou 2.046.000

Max train length 400 meter

Max capacity pr hour* 3.600 pax

”Timemodellen” / One Hour Model

Copenhagen - Aarhus 302 km

Travel time 1t, 55 min

Stops 1 stop

Max speed 250 km/t

Population Aarhus 335.000

Population Copenhagen 1.295.000

Max train length 320 meter

Max capacity pr hour* 1.900 pax

The Hainan High Speed serves larger cities than in

Denmark, but the distances and speed are similar

to the Danish ”One Hour Model”.

Huge passenger growth of 300% is linked to the

shorter travel time


Generic comparisons of trains types for the Copenhagen – Aarhus line

HS and VHS trains in a Danish perspective

*: 162 meter train lenght (only 108 meter for ”One Hour Model”)


Today

Travel time

Fleet size (hourly service)

Train investment pr train (index)*

Estimated TCO index

Estimated Passenger growth

2h 51m

8 trains

200 kph

2h 20m

7 trains

100

117

+18%

w/o full One

Hour Model”






Today 200 kph 250 kph

With the ”One Hour Model”

Travel time



Estimated TCO index


2h 51m 2h 02m 1h 55m

8 trains 6 trains 5 trains

100 100

100 80

+28% +32%

200 kph

2h 20m

7 trains

100

117

+18%

w/o full One

Hour Model”






Today 200 kph 250 kph 250 kph 380 kph

With the ”One Hour Model” With a fixed link accross Kattegat

Travel time



Estimated TCO index


2h 51m 2h 02m 1h 55m 59 m 45 m

8 trains 6 trains 5 trains 3 trains 2 trains

100 100 150* 150*

100 80 75 50

+28% +32% +65% +74%

200 kph

2h 20m

7 trains

100

117

+18%

w/o full One

Hour Model”


ZEFIRO Express offers the ideal solution for non-electrified lines up to 100 km

And why not go for batteries on the fixed Kattegat link?


4. Improved operability 5. Infrastructure cost reduction

Improved operability and flexibility due

to fleet standardization, new

connections, and replacement of diesel

fleet; BEMU/EMU multiple operation

Avoids costly catenary electrification

(ca. 1M€ / km) thanks to 100% electric

battery train operation.

6. Increased passenger comfort

Direct connections and reduced travel

times, leading to better services and

increased ridership.

.

3. Reduced noise and vibrations1. Reduced costs

The TCO of the battery-powered train is

comparable with a traditional EMU

Vibrations and noise emission are

reduced by up to 7 decibels, providing

passengers with a comfortable ride.

2. Reduced emissions

Reduction of CO2, NOx and particle

emissions thanks to battery operation

on non-electrified lines without diesel

engine.

If a fixed link across Kattegat is considered, there is no need to invest in catenary all the way. Modern High

Speed and Very High Speed trains will be able to shoq same performance in battery mode as in electric mode.

TCO = Total cost of ownership

DTU

June 2019

Lasse Toylsbjerg-Petersen

Bombardier Transportation Denmark

Phone: 2440 0664

Mail: [email protected]

Thank you very much!


Did you know?

Facts and figures


Over 1,200 high-

speed trains

delivered in the past

25 years

Able to operate in

-40 degrees

Celsius to +35

degrees Celsius

Operational costs

are 800,000 EUR

less over the

lifetime of a train

ZEFIRO trains

operate 500,000

km every day

500K°C

Documents

High Speed Trains - Censec · operation is allowed on all AC and DC lines for true European interoperability. • Running at up to 360 km/h, it is Europe’sfastest serial production