HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS - · PDF filecover material HDPe, white, uV stabilised, type Pe100 ... Maximum Hydrotest Pressure 49 Bar / 711 psi 40 Bar / 421 psi 123 Bar / 1784

Flexible thinking

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS

2

SOLUFORCE® BENEFITS

SILOAMSPRINGS

ZARAGOZA

CHÂTEAUROUX

GAILLON

KALMTHOUT

ENKHUIZEN

CORK

STATHELL

SURNADAL

LJUNG

ÖLSREMMA

GDANSK

RADOM

OTROKOVICE

VIENNADEBRECEN

KARLOVACMIERCUREA CIUC

ISTAMBUL

THIVA

TALLINN

KAAVI

UTAJÄRVI

II

HAPARANDA

ZHUKOV

BAD ZWISHENAHN

SoluForce® rTP (reinforced Plastic Pipe) has been manufactured and used extensively since the year 2000. It is estimated that over a thousand kilometers worldwide is currently in operation.

The concept of a completely non corrosive pipe system for high pressure hydrocarbon applications came about through the demand from oil companies who proactively participated in the development and qualification of rTP. In 1998 a JIP (Joint Industrial Project) which brought together manufacturers, users (such as Saudi Aramco, Petrobras, Shell, BP) and testing institutes was created. out of the JIP was developed an API standard (API rP 15S) for rTP in 2006.

SoluForce® rTP is a complete non metallic piping system. It is qualified for Water, Hydrocarbons and Gas applications.

Manufactured by PIPelIFe in enkhuizen, The Netherlands, SoluForce® rTP is supplied on disposable wooden reels which may be easily transported by either road or ship.

SoluForce® rTP comes with a complete fitting system for its pipes. It provides welding equipment and certified welders for installation wherever the customer requires.

SoluForce® is a business unit within the PIPelIFe International group of companies and benefits from belonging to one of the world’s largest plastic pipe manufacturers.

Transportable

Robust

3

SILOAMSPRINGS

ZARAGOZA

CHÂTEAUROUX

GAILLON

KALMTHOUT

ENKHUIZEN

CORK

STATHELL

SURNADAL

LJUNG

ÖLSREMMA

GDANSK

RADOM

OTROKOVICE

VIENNADEBRECEN

KARLOVACMIERCUREA CIUC

ISTAMBUL

THIVA

TALLINN

KAAVI

UTAJÄRVI

II

HAPARANDA

ZHUKOV

BAD ZWISHENAHN

PiPelife international G.m.b.H. is a global player in the manufacture of plastic pipe systems with offices and production facilities in over 25 countries.

Benefits Pages 4 - 7Water Pages 8-11Hydrocarbons Pages 12-17

Connection Systems Pages 18-25

SUMMARY

Deployment

4


Solves corrosion problems

Maintenance Free

Very fast Installation

Design life up to 50 years

SolufoRce® RTP deployed (floating) during an offshore installation.

5


No scaling - No erosion

Very robust400 meters length per coil

Re-Usable

SolufoRce® RTP installed in the desert

6

SOLUFORCE®

STaNdaRdS, TESTINg aNd qUaLIFICaTIONS

Standards

SoluForce® complies with the following standards:

Oilfield service:

API RP 15S “Qualification of Spoolable reinforced Plastic linepipe” SOLUFORCE® Light, and SOLUFORCE® Classic pipe system

API 17J “ Specification for unbonded Flexible Pipe” SOLUFORCE® Heavy, pipe body

Gas distribution and transport:

ISO TS 18226 “reinforced Thermoplastic Piping Systems for Gaseous Fuels” (SoluForce® light and SoluForce® classic, gas transport & distribution)

DVGW VP 642 “Faserverstärkte Pe-rohre (rTP) und zugehörige Verbinder für Gasleitungen mit Betreibsdrücken über 16 Bar” (German Standard for gas distribution and transport, SoluForce® light and SoluForce® classic)

SoluForce® has a proven track record in the oil and gas industry, and has been used since 2000 for different applications, including oil and gas linepipe, water injectionpipe, water transportation, and gas distribution and transport.

SoluForce® maintains the highest quality levels with regard to the design, manufacturing and testing of their products, according to, or exceeding the requirements in international standards.

Qualification and Certification

The design, testing and qualification of SoluForce® is verified according to the applicable standards by ISo accredited independent institutes. For oilfield applications: “Det Norske Veritas” (DNV). For gas distribution and transport: rWTÜV. certification by Bureau Veritas for oil applications at 150 bars working pressure. Bureau Veritas certify that Soluforce complies with AP 17J (specification for unbonded flexible pipe) 3rd edition for sour applications.

QA/QC System

SoluForce® is developed, manufactured and marketed under ISo9001 QA/Qc system, approved by KIWA.

7

SOLUFORCE®

dESIgN aNd RELIaBILITy

The reliability of SoluForce® is guaranteed by extensive laboratory testing and long term field experience.

To assess the long-term strength, SoluForce® is pressure tested for a period of 10,000 hours (more than one year), according to internationally accepted standards. one of the most important test criteria is that the fitting system should be stronger than the pipe itself.

Next to corrosion, third party interference is the major cause of pipeline failure. SoluForce® light and classic, being completely non-metallic, including the fitting system, offer the ultimate in absolute corrosion resistance. The resistance to third party interference, earth quakes and landslides has been verified in the laboratory by falling weight impact testing, axial load and bending testing under supervision of major oil companies. In-field impact testing with digging machines has shown equal or better performance than steel pipe.

SoluForce® is field-proven since 2000, when the first flowlines were installed in the Middle east desert. These pipes have been in service since without any interruption. Meanwhile SoluForce® has been installed worldwide onshore and offshore at major oil and gas companies. No failure in service has been reported.

Axial force test

Squeeze test

Bending test

elevated temperature testingin a hot water bath at 85 c°.

Test preparation

8

SOLUFORCE® WaTER

HIGH PRESSUREPLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMSFOR WATER

9

SOLUFORCE® LIGHT : L450 - L540

A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for lower pressure applications.- effluent water- Water supply

SOLUFORCE® CLASSIC : M480 - M570

An synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for medium pressure applications.- effluent water- Saline water- Water injection

SOLUFORCE® WaTER

SOLUFORCE® HEAVY : H415 - H515

A high strength steel wire reinforcement for high pressure water applications.- High pressure water injection

SoluForce® clASSIc and lIGHT are resistant to All chemicals involved in water injection, also in extremely sour environments, including:- H2S in any concentration/pressure - (strong) inorganic acids like Hcl, H2So4 - (strong) alkaline materials, including NaoH, KoH, and NH3 solutions - co2 in any concentration/pressure - Anti-corrosion additives - Mineral salts - Hydrocarbons of any composition

10

SOLUFORCE® WaTER daTa SHEET

SOLUFORCE® WATER DATA SHEETSOLUFORCE® type L450 L540 M480 M570 H415 H515DimensionsNominal diameter 100 mm / 4" 150 mm / 6" 100 mm / 4" 150 mm / 6" 100 mm / 4" 150 mm / 6"

outside diameter 125 mm / 5" 150 mm / 6" 125 mm / 5" 150 mm / 6" 125 mm / 5" 150 mm / 6"

Inside diameter 100 mm / 4" 125 mm / 5" 100 mm / 4" 125 mm / 5" 100 mm / 4" 125 mm / 5"

Weight in air < 6 kg/m / 4.2 lb/ft <10 kg/m / 7 lb/ft

Technical Details

liner material HDPe, black, type Pe100

cover material HDPe, white, uV stabilised, type Pe100

reinforcement Aramid Fibre High strength steel wire cord

Ratings

Pressure Ratings

Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), lcl 20 years (API rP 15S)

45 Bar / 644 psi

36 Bar / 522 psi

111 Bar / 1610 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

N/A

Design pressure, FAT (API 17J) N/A195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

Short term bursting pressure (STHB)

> 144 Bar / 2088psi

> 115 Bar / 1670 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bar / 3915 psi

> 450 Bar / 6525 psi

> 360 Bar /5220 psi

Maximum continuous operating pressure (20 yrs)

36 Bar /522 psi

29 Bar /421 psi

90 Bar / 1305 psi

72 Bar / 1044 psi

150 Bar / 2200 psi

150 Bar /2200 psi

Operating temperatures

Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature

65 °c / 150 °F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature

Above freezing point of fluid

Design and Construction Parameters

flow

Hazen Williams friction factor (c) 150

Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Design lifetime

Surface installed 20 years

Buried 50 years

Minimum bending radius

In storage 1.25 m / 4´1.2’’

In service 3.00 m / 9´10.1’’

Test pressure

Maximum Hydrotest Pressure49 Bar / 711 psi

40 Bar / 421 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

195 Bar / 2828 psi

Packaging

length per coil 400 m / 1312 ´ 220 m / 721´

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

Weight per coil2200 kg / 4846 lbs

2720 kg /5991 lbs

2240 kg / 4933 lbs

2760 kg / 6079 lbs

1940 kg / 4273 lbs

2380 kg /5242 lbs

SOLUFORCE® WaTER

11

SOLUFORCE® WaTER

SOLUFORCE® LIGHT : L450 - L540With a maximum operating pressure of 36 Bar and 29 Bar for the (4” and 6” pipe resp.), SoluForce® lIGHT provides an excellent, flexible solution for medium pressure water transport. As it is fully non-metallic it serves any sour appli-cation, without restrictions regarding H2S and co2 content.


For very high operating pressures up to 223 Bar (4”) and 178 Bar (6”) a steel wire reinforced pipe is available. SoluForce® HeAVY is specially develo-ped for very high pressure (saline) water injection. It is resistant to (strong) inorganic acids like Hcl, H2So4 and (strong) alkaline materials, including NaoH, KoH, and NH3 solutions. As the pipe is steel cord reinforced the pipe has some limitations for sour H2S applications. The co2 content in the fluid can be very high, up to 7 % in the gas phase.


Available with a maximum operating pressure of 90 Bar and 72 Bar (4” and 6” resp.), SoluForce® clASSIc serves a very wide range of applications due to its unique combination of properties. Being fully non-metallic it is the ideal solution for even the toughest high pressure application such as sour service, without restrictions regarding H2S and co2 content.

Temp [°C] Uprating Factor M480 [bar]* M570 [bar]*

10 1,54 137 109

20 1,45 129 103

30 1,34 120 96

40 1,24 111 89

50 1,14 102 81

55 1,1 98 78

60 1,05 93 75

65 1 90 72

70 0,95 85 68

80 0,86 76 61

Temperature uprating factors and maximum pressure rating

*water service

12

SolufoRce® RTP oil hook up line

SOLUFORCE® HydROCaRBONS

HIGH PRESSUREPLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMSFOR HYDROCARBONS

13



A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for lower pressure applications.


A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement for medium pressure applications such as oil flow lines and water disposal lines.

SOLUFORCE® CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG

A synthetic fibre tape reinforcement with a low gas permeation grade liner for medium pressure gas applications.


A high strength steel wire reinforcement for high pressure oil flowlines.

SOLUFORCE® HEAVY PA : H415 PA - H515 PA

A high strength steel wire reinforcement with polyamide inner lining for high pressure gas applications.

14

SOLUFORCE® HydROCaRBONS daTa SHEET SyNTHETIC FIBER REINFORCEd RTP - aPI RP 15S

SOLUFORCE® HYDROCARBONS DATA SHEETSOLUFORCE® type L450 L540 M480 M570 M480 HPG M570 HPGDimensions

Nominal diameter 100 mm / 4" 150 mm / 6" 100 mm / 4" 150 mm / 6" 100 mm / 4" 150 mm / 6"

outside diameter 125 mm / 5" 150 mm / 6" 125 mm / 5" 150 mm / 6" 125 mm / 5" 150 mm / 6"

Inside diameter 100 mm / 4" 125 mm / 5" 100 mm / 4" 125 mm / 5" 100 mm / 4" 125 mm / 5"

Weight in air < 6 kg/m / 4.2 lb/ft < 10 kg/m / 7 lb/ft

Technical Details

liner material HDPe, black, type Pe100 HDPe, low permeation grade


reinforcement Aramid Fibre

Ratings

Pressure Ratings

Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), lcl 20 years (API rP 15S)

45 Bar /644 psi

36 Bar /522 psi

111 Bar /1610 psi

90 Bar /1305 psi

111 Bar /1610 psi

90 Bar/1305 psi

Short term bursting pressure (STHB)

> 144 Bar / 2088psi

> 115 Bar / 1670 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bar / 3915 psi

> 360 Bar / 5220 psi

> 270 Bar / 3915 psi


26 Bar / 377 psi

21 Bar / 305 psi

65 Bar / 943 psi

52 Bar / 754 psi

65 Bar / 943 psi

52 Bar / 754 psi


Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature

65 °c / 150 °F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature

- 40 ºc / - 40 ºF


flow


Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e)

0.0015 mm

Bubble Point (according to ASTM f316)

Maximum bubble point pressure @ 65°c / 150°F

26 Bar /377 psi

21 Bar /305 psi

21 Bar /305 psi

21 Bar /305 psi

65 Bar /943 psi

52 Bar /754 psi

Design lifetime


Buried 50 years


In storage 1.25 m / 4´1.2’’

In service 3.00 m / 9´10.1’’

Test pressure

Maximum Hydrotest Pressure49 Bar /711 psi

40 Bar / 421 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

123 Bar / 1784 psi

100 Bar / 1450 psi

Packaging

length per coil 400 m / 1312 ´

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w)400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

400 x 420 x 115 cm

410 x 420 x 146 cm

Weight per coil2200 kg / 4846 lbs

2720 kg /5991 lbs

2240 kg /4933 lbs

2760 kg /6079 lbs

2240 kg /4933 lbs

2760 kg /6079 lbs

15

SOLUFORCE® HYDROCARBONS DATA SHEETSOLUFORCE® type H415 H515 H415PA H515PADimensions

Nominal diameter 100 mm / 4’’ 150 mm / 6’’ 100 mm / 4’’ 150 mm / 6’’

outside diameter 125 mm / 5’’ 150 mm / 6’’ 125 mm / 5’’ 150 mm / 6’’

Inside diameter 100 mm / 4’’ 125 mm / 5’’ 100 mm / 4’’ 125 mm / 5’’

Weight in air <10 kg/m / 7 lb/ft

Technical Details

liner material HDPe, black, type Pe100 API grade Polyamide


reinforcement High strength steel wire cord composite

Ratings

Pressure Ratings

Design pressure, FAT (API 17J) 195 Bar / 2828 psi 195 Bar / 2828 psi 195 Bar / 2828 psi 195 Bar / 2828 psi

Short term bursting pressure (STHB) > 450 Bar / 6526 psi > 360 Bar / 5220 psi > 450 Bar / 6526 psi > 360 Bar / 5220 psi


150 Bar / 2200 psi 150 Bar / 2200 psi 150 Bar / 2200 psi 150 Bar / 2200 psi


Maximum ambient and/or fluid temperature 65 °c / 150 °F

Minimum ambient and/or fluid temperature - 40 ºc / - 40 ºF


flow


Darcy Weisbach surface roughness (e) 0.0015 mm

Bubble Point (according to ASTM f316)

Maximum bubble point pressure @ 65°c / 150 °F 21 Bar / 305 psi 21 Bar / 305 psi 150 Bar / 2200 psi 150 Bar / 2200 psi

Design lifetime


Buried 50 years


In storage 1.25 m / 4´1.2’’

In service 3.00 m / 9´10.1’’

Test pressure

Maximum Hydrotest Pressure 195 Bar / 2828 psi 195 Bar / 2828 psi 195 Bar / 2828 psi 195 Bar / 2828 psi

Packaging

length per coil 220 m / 721´

Dimensions per coil (l x h x w) 400 x 420 x 146 cm

Weight per coil 1940 kg / 4273 lbs 2380 kg / 5242 lbs 1940 kg / 4273 lbs 2380 kg / 5242 lbs

SOLUFORCE® HydROCaRBONS daTa SHEETSTEEL CORd REINFORCEd RTP - aPI 17J

16



With a maximum operating pressure of 26 Bar and 21 Bar (4” and 6” ND pipe resp.), SoluForce® lIGHT provides an excellent, flexible solution for medium pressure oil transport. For example beam pump flow lines are a typical application for this pipe. As this pipe concept is fully non-metallic it can serve any sour application, without restrictions regarding H2S and co2 content.


SoluForce® clASSIc is available with a maximum operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar (4” and 6” ND resp.). Being fully non-metallic, it is the ideal solution for even the toughest applications such as sour oil service without restrictions regarding H2S and co2 content. Applications such as beam pump flow lines or eSP (electrical submerged pumps) flow lines are areas where this pipe will prove its benefits.

SOLUFORCE® CLASSIC HPG : M480 HPG - M570 HPG

For high pressure applications with a high asso-ciated gas content SoluForce® clASSIc HPG was developed. This pipe has a special low gas permea-tion inner liner. Beam pump or eSP flow lines for oil transport with a high Gor (gas to oil ratio) will benefit from the ease of use, even with very high H2S and co2 contents. It is available with a maxi-mum operating pressure of 65 Bar and 52 Bar (4” and 6” ND resp.) for high Gor applications.

lekhwair, oman sour oil service7200 m - Pressure 735 psi - Temperature 120 f°

Installed in August 2000

Ductile iron nylon coated end flange connection

17


SOLUFORCE® HEAVY PA : H415 PA - H515 PA

SoluForce® HeAVY PA pipe, is qualified by bureau Veritas for hydrocarbon service according to API17J, irrespective of the composition of the hydrocarbon composition, with certain limitations to theconcentration of H2S and co2, The liner materials (HDPe or PA12) are fully compatible withhydrocarbons and gas up to the maximum rated temperatures.

SoluForce® HeAVY PA has a polyamide 12 (PA12) liner with a reduced rate of permeation.

As a result, SoluForce® HeAVY PA may be used up to its full hydrostatic pressure capacity for gas, or for hydrocarbons with high associated gas content.In case of dry gas service, the temperature rating of SoluForce® HeAVY PA may, under certain conditions, be increased to 85 °c (185 °F). When there is no humidity present, PA12 is not affected by hydrolysis.

lekhwair, oman sour oil service7200 m - Pressure 735 psi - Temperature 120 f°

Installed in August 2000


For very high operating pressures up to 150 Bar a steel cord reinforced pipe is available. It is resistant to (strong) inorganic acids like Hcl, H2So4 and (strong) alkaline materials, including NaoH, KoH, and NH3 solutions. As this pipe is steel wire reinforced the pipe has some limitations for sour H2S applications according to NAce Mr0175 / ISo15156. The co2 content in the fluid may be very high.

18

SOLUFORCE® CONNECTION SySTEMS

HIGH PRESSUREPLASTIC PIPE ASSEMBLY SYSTEMS

end fitting parts

19

SOLUFORCE® CONNECTION SySTEMS

pipe to pipe coupling (P2P)In-line coupling

COUPLINGS

SUMMARY

END FITTINGS

Weld Stubflange

« SOLUFORCE® Electro fusion connection system is applicable up to 120 bars - 1740 psi at max. 65°C - 150°F »

20

ELECTROFUSION SySTEM

IN-LINE COUPLINGS

• Combination of butt welding and electro fusion

• HDPE UV resistant protection sleeve

• Electro fusion only

• SoluForce® Pipe to Pipe connectorin stainless steel 316l

21

ELECTROFUSION SySTEM

END FITTINGS

• SOLUFORCE® end fitting with Stainless steel 316l weld stub (other materials can be supplied on demand)

OPTION 3 : SOLUFORCE® END FITTING WITH WELD STUB

• SOLUFORCE® end fitting with nylon coated ductile iron

• Nylon insert ensures no fluid to metal contact

OPTION 2 : SOLUFORCE® END FITTING WITH NYLON COATED DUCTILE IRON FLANGE 600 #

• SoluForce® end fitting in stainless steel 316l with electro fusion connection to the pipe.

• Other flange ratings available on demand

OPTION 1 : SOLUFORCE® END FITTING WITH STAINLESS STEEL 316L FLANGE 600 #

ELECTROFUSION MaCHINE

22

• Leak tight connection by butt fusion welding of liner pipe.• Electrofusion welding of the coupling gives strength• Completely non-metallic pipeline• Totally corrosion free• Eletrofusion welding of the end fitting• Base for - end flange - Weld stub - P2P system

coupling full installation team in a working siteend fitting

ELECTROFUSION MaCHINE COMPONENTS aNd TOOLS

23

electrofusion control box Heater plate

TrimmercNc control unit

SolufoRce® tools

« A completelycomputer controlled process

Power required to runthe machine 20 KVA »

24

SWagEd FITTINg SySTEM

SolufoRce® swaged fitting in stainless steel. SolufoRce® swaging machine.

SolufoRce® swaging machine on site. SolufoRce® can rent out swaging machines and provide swaging services upon request.

• Metal and pipe sandwich after the swaging process.

• The assembly consists in compressing the external ring against the expansion of the internal insert.

Mid-Line connection

• Grayloc• Slim line• Stub end

End Fitting

• ASTM Flange• Stub end

rTP pipe Sandwichedbetween the swagedfiting walls

Stainlesssteel insert

Stainlesssteel exteriorfiting

« SOLUFORCE® swaging system for SOLUFORCE® Heavy RTP pipe system »

25

SWagEd FITTINg SySTEM

Other alloys can be supplied on demand.

• Easy connection system.

• Light weight.

• Hooks up with Grayloc hub flange.

OPTION 1 : SOLUFORCE® SWAGE FITTING WITH GRAYLOC CONNECTOR 316L

OPTION 2 : SOLUFORCE® SWAGE FITTING WITH SLIMLINE CONNECTOR IN 316L

• Connection by steel welding.

• Hooks up with any type of weld stub flange.

OPTION 3 : SOLUFORCE® SWAGE FITTING WITH WELD STUB END IN 316L

• Easy axial load

• Heavy duty

• Hooks up with Slimline

hub flange.

26

SolufoRce® lines hooked up to existing infra structure.

Installation in tropical rain forest.

Dual lines connect by Pipe to Pipe fittings.

flange to flange connection.

uncoiling of SolufoRce® pipe along mountain road.

Handling of SolufoRce® installation equipment in the field.

aPPLICaTIONS

27

PIPE TRaNSPORT aNd LOgISTICS

Transport by seaeasy storage and manipulation

Driving out to work site on the deployment trailer.

uncoiling

Road transport

28

SOLUFORCE® OFFSHORE

HIGH PRESSUREPLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMSOFFSHORE

Special over-size drums for offshorecan be supplied on demand

29


When installed empty, the maximum external pressure on SoluForce®, depending on diameter, is about 0.3 MPa, which limits the water depth to approximately 30 meters. However, when the SoluForce® rTP system is kept pressurized or water filled during installation and operation there is no theoretical limit to the water depth.

For oil and water pipes, the maximum water depth is therefore much more than 30 meters, and limited in practice by the maximum allowable tensile load during installation. For gas pipe, the maximum water depth is determined by the hydrostatic collapse resistance.

For more information contact us directly at [email protected] or visit our website www.soluforce.com to download our brochure and submit your questions. Project references can be supplied upon demand. A design guideline for offshore installation can be obtained from Soluforce.

Conforms to API RP 15S or API 17J for spoolable composite pipe systems.SOLUFORCE® RTP is DNV certified.

SOLUFORCE® typeSOLUFORCE® CLASSIC SOLUFORCE® HEAVY

M480 M570 Standard H415 H415 StandardDimensions

Nominal diameter (mm) 100 (4“) 150 (6“) 100 (4“) 125 (5“)

Weight, empty in air (kg/m) 4,6 5,9 7,0 9,0

Weight, empty submerged (kg/m) -8,1 -12,4 -5,6 -8,9

Weight, waterfilled, submerged (kg/m) -0,3 -0,4 2,2 3,1

Maximum pressure, water service (barg) 90 72 DNV 150 150 DNV

Maximum pressure, hydrocarbon service (barg) 64 51 API rP 15S 150 150 API 17J

Maximum pressure, gas service1 (barg) 64 51 API rP 15S 150 150 API 17J

Maximum hydrotest pressure2 (barg) 123 100 DNV 195 195 DNV

Maximum service température (c°) 65 65 65 65

Internal surface roughness (Darcy Weisbach) (mm) 0,0015 0,0015 0,0015 0,0015

Hazen Williams friction factor 150 150 150 1501 Special grade HDPe linerpipe2 Max 24 hours, test medium: water. for SolufoRce® Heavy see API 17J, chapter 9.

30


SoluForce® is suitable and economical for multiple offshore applications such as water injection lines, oil flowlines, and static risers up to 6 inch diameter. SoluForce® may also be recoiled andre-used for well intervention risers and test lines.

The advantage of SoluForce® classic over (stainless) steel pipe and other flexible pipe systems is its complete corrosion resistance even in heavily sour service. SoluForce® Heavy can be used for sour service up to 0.3 Bars (4.5 psi) partial H2S pressure. SoluForce® has a completely smooth bore, as opposed to most other offshore flexible pipe solutions. This ensures a much lower flow resistance and improved flow capacity.

Designed originally for onshore operations SoluForce® has limited external pressure resistance. However installed water filled and operated water or oil filled SoluForce® may be used even in deep water. As a temporary test line, SoluForce® has been used at 900 meters (3000 ft) water depth.

empty, or oil- or gas filled, the differential external pressure should be no more than 0.3 MPa (equivalent to 30 meters / 100 ft water depth). If the water depth is more than 30 meters (100 ft), used for gas service, or oil service with high Gor (Gas to oil ratio), a subsea SoluForce® pipeline must be protected by some means to ensure that a positive differential pressure is maintained at all times. This could be, for instance, a safety shut off system. In such case, as long as the pipe is installed water filled, there is no theoretical limit to the water depth.

Being lightweight, SoluForce® must be fitted with external weight to ensure sufficient on- bottom stability. This may either be strap-on concrete blocks at regular intervals or a piggybacked heavy steel wire cable. Sometimes, concrete weight mattresses are used. In deeper water, a parallel steel wire cable is required to ensure sufficient axial strength during installation.

SoluForce® Heavy PA, with a PA12 liner has been specifically designed for subsea gas pipelines, and is approved by Bureau Veritas for such service according to API 17J.

As installation and operating conditions of flexible offshore pipelines vary widely, the over-all suitability, installation method, and economy of SoluForce® must be evaluated in detail for each individual project. Soluforce is happy to advise the offshore engineering office of your choice on this subject.

SolufoRce® classic RTP during installa-tion with concrete block attachment for sinking to bottom of sea.

31

SOLUFORCE® OFFSHORESOLUFORCE® OFFSHORE

Disclaimer:All products purchased from or supplied by PIPelIfe are subjected to terms and conditions set out in the contract, order acknowledgement and/or bill of lading. PIPelIfe warrants only that its product will meet those specifi cations designated in such contracts, order acknowledge-ments, and/or bills of loading. All other information including that herein, supplied by PIPelIfe, is considered accurate but is furnished upon the express conditions that the customer shall make his own assessment to determine the product’s suitability for a particular purpose. PIPelIfe makes no other warranty either express or implied, regarding such other information, the data upon which the same is based, or the results to be obtained from the use thereof; that any products shall be merchantable or fit for any particular purpose; or that the use of such other infor-mation or product will not infringe any patent.

SOLUFORCE®

FLEXIBLE THINKING

www.soluforce.com

PIPELIFE NEDERLAND B.V.Flevolaan 7

1601 MA eNKHuIZeNNetherlands

Tel.: +31(0) 228 355 555Fax: +31(0) 228 355 520

[email protected]

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Documents

HIGH PRESSURE PLASTIC PIPE SYSTEMS - · PDF filecover material HDPe, white, uV stabilised, type Pe100 ... Maximum Hydrotest Pressure 49 Bar / 711 psi 40 Bar / 421 psi 123 Bar / 1784