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Hierarchy of Biological Organization
Levels of Organization
Life is organizedLife is highly organized into
structural levels.Each level builds on the levels
below it.
AtomsChemical building blocks of
materOrganized into biological
molecules
OrganellesMolecules are
organized into small structures called organelles
Organelles are the components of cells
CellsSubunits of organisms.Cell is the smallest unit capable
of all life functionsSome organisms are only 1 cell. Ex. Amoeba
AMOEBA
Types of Blood cells
TissuesSimilar cells are grouped into
tissues.Nervous tissue, epithelial tissue,
muscle tissue, connective tissue
OrgansSpecific arrangement of different
tissue form organsHeart, lung, kidneyOrgans form organ systems like
the nervous system
Organ SystemsWhen organs work together they
form systems. Ex. Circulatory system
OrganismAll the other
parts form an organism that is part of a larger population.
Can continue to communities, ecosystems, and biosphere.
Beyond Individual OrganismThere are tiers beyond the
individual.◦Population: A group of species◦Community: Groups of populations of
species◦Ecosystem: Community interactions
that include non-living features.
Emergent PropertiesEach step upward in the
hierarchy of order, different properties emerge that were not present at the simpler level of organization.
Ex: Properties of proteins have attributes that were not exhibited by any of it’s component atoms.
Emergent Properties Cont.Emergent properties are integral
to the formation of life as non-living things are organized into what we perceive life to be.
This is what “life” resists a simple one-sentence definition.