HERTFORDSHIRE WASTE LOCAL PLAN REVIEW Draft Capacity … · This Draft Capacity Gap Report (CGR) is intended to be read alongside the Hertfordshire ... paper). Instead, waste is mainly

HERTFORDSHIRE

WASTE LOCAL PLAN REVIEW

Draft Capacity Gap Report

For

Initial Consultation

NOVEMBER 2017

2016-2031

Contents

1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1

2. Background to Draft Capacity Gap Report ........................................................................ 2

Waste Local Plan Review ....................................................................................................... 2

Capacity Gap Report .............................................................................................................. 2

Development of the Capacity Gap Methodology .................................................................. 3

Limitations to the Study ......................................................................................................... 4

Summary ................................................................................................................................ 6

3. Waste Arisings .................................................................................................................... 7

Non-Hazardous Waste ........................................................................................................... 7

Local Authority Collected Waste ........................................................................................... 7

Commercial and Industrial Waste ......................................................................................... 8

Construction, Demolition and Excavation Waste .................................................................. 9

Hazardous Waste ................................................................................................................. 10

Low Level Radioactive Waste............................................................................................... 11

Agricultural Waste ............................................................................................................... 11

Waste Water ........................................................................................................................ 12

4. Waste Arising Projections ................................................................................................ 13

Local Authority Collected Waste ......................................................................................... 13

Commercial and Industrial Waste ....................................................................................... 15

Non-Hazardous Waste Total ................................................................................................ 18

Construction, Demolition and Excavation Waste ................................................................ 19

Hazardous Waste ................................................................................................................. 20

5. Waste Movements ........................................................................................................... 22

Waste Imports...................................................................................................................... 22

Who exports to Herts? ......................................................................................................... 22

Key Waste Imports ............................................................................................................... 23

Facilities Receiving Imports.................................................................................................. 23

Waste from London ............................................................................................................. 24

Future Imports from London ............................................................................................... 24

Waste Exports ...................................................................................................................... 25

Where does Hertfordshire export to? ................................................................................. 25

Summary .............................................................................................................................. 27

6. Waste Capacity ................................................................................................................ 28

Overall Capacity ................................................................................................................... 28

Treatment and Metals Recycling Capacity .......................................................................... 29

Landfill Capacity ................................................................................................................... 30

Hazardous Waste ................................................................................................................. 32

7. Capacity Gap .................................................................................................................... 33

Non-Hazardous Waste ......................................................................................................... 33

Construction, Demolition & Excavation Waste ................................................................... 35

Hazardous Waste ................................................................................................................. 36

Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 36

8. Next Steps ........................................................................................................................ 38

Appendix 1 – List and capacity of waste facilities in Hertfordshire ......................................... 39

1

1. Introduction

This Draft Capacity Gap Report (CGR) is intended to be read alongside the Hertfordshire

Waste Local Plan Initial Consultation document, found at: http://hertscc-

consult.objective.co.uk/portal. The report’s purpose is to act as a starting point from which

the county council will be able to determine if any capacity gaps exist in Hertfordshire’s

waste management sector. If gaps are found, the CGR will also be able to indicate how many

additional waste facilities will be required over the Plan period of the emerging Waste Local

Plan.

The CGR breaks the waste management sector into three key waste streams and looks to

ascertain the best way to quantify the historical arisings, projected arisings and

management capacities of each waste stream. This report sets out the assumptions used

and presents a high and low growth scenario for future arisings of each waste stream.

The Initial Consultation document seeks the views of consultees on whether the

assumptions are appropriate and on the scenarios which should be incorporated into the

final Capacity Gap Report. When the assumptions and scenarios are finalised, the county

council will produce a final CGR to identify the expected capacity gaps for waste

management in Hertfordshire and will plan for those gaps in the emerging Waste Local Plan.

http://hertscc-consult.objective.co.uk/portal


2

2. Background to Draft Capacity Gap Report

Waste Local Plan Review

Hertfordshire County Council (HCC) is the Waste Planning Authority (WPA) for Hertfordshire

and has a statutory responsibility to prepare a Waste Local Plan (WLP) in line with national

policy and regulations. The county council has an adopted WLP which comprises the Waste

Core Strategy and Development Management Policies document (adopted 2012) and the

Waste Site Allocations document (adopted 2014). The Waste Core Strategy and

Development Management Policies document (WCS&DM) sets out the strategic, spatial

element of the WLP and contains development management policies against which planning

applications for waste management in the county can be assessed. The Waste Site

Allocation document (WSA) identifies sites and Employment Land Areas of Search (ELAS)

required to meet the need for additional waste management capacity in the county. In

addition, the Employment Areas of Search Supplementary Planning Document (2015) (ELAS

SPD) was produced to accompany the WLP by providing further guidance into the suitability

of waste-related development on the ELAS identified within the WSA.

The WSA states that ‘the plan will be reviewed in full every five years and a partial review

may be undertaken sooner than that if required’1. In accordance with this commitment and

in line with the county council’s adopted Minerals and Waste Development Scheme

(MWDS)2, the council is in the early stages of reviewing all three of Hertfordshire’s waste

planning documents.

National planning practice guidance makes clear the Government’s preference for each local

authority to prepare a single Local Plan unless there is clear justification for preparing

additional Local Plans3. The emerging Waste Local Plan (eWLP) is therefore expected to

comprise one document which will identify the vision, objectives, policies and site

allocations for waste management in Hertfordshire for the Plan period between 2016 and

2031.

Capacity Gap Report

A Capacity Gap Report (CGR) is an important part of the evidence base for the development

of the eWLP as it quantifies the need for additional waste management capacity in the

county. The estimated capacity gap will help to justify the allocation or exclusion of

potential waste sites in the eWLP and will help to shape the policies which will be used to

determine individual planning applications throughout the Plan period.

1 Waste Site Allocations document (adopted 2014) paragraph 3.10

2 HCC Minerals and Waste Development Scheme (November 2016) available

https://www.hertfordshire.gov.uk/services/recycling-waste-and-environment/planning/planning-in-hertfordshire/minerals-and-waste-planning/minerals-and-waste-planning.aspx 3 NPPG Paragraph: 012 Reference ID: 12-012-20140306

https://www.hertfordshire.gov.uk/services/recycling-waste-and-environment/planning/planning-in-hertfordshire/minerals-and-waste-planning/minerals-and-waste-planning.aspx

https://www.hertfordshire.gov.uk/services/recycling-waste-and-environment/planning/planning-in-hertfordshire/minerals-and-waste-planning/minerals-and-waste-planning.aspx

3

The CGR seeks to quantify three elements of waste management for the key waste streams

identified:

Waste arisings

Future waste arisings

Existing capacity of operational waste facilities.

By combining these three elements, it will be possible to identify gaps in the county’s waste

management capacity during the Plan period.

The circumstances for waste planning constantly change with the publication of new

regulations, policy and guidance, and the approval of new planning consents. This Draft CGR

was written at a specific point in time and to fit with the county council’s AMR and cycle of

surveying, the date was taken as 31 March 2017. The CGR will be updated at a later stage of

Plan production, taking account of responses to the Initial Consultation document and more

up to date waste data.

Development of the Capacity Gap Methodology

The National Planning Policy Guidance (NPPG) sets out the overarching method for WPAs to

undertake in order to identify waste requirements in Local Plans.

“Information on the available waste management capacity in the relevant area will help

inform forward planning in Local Plans of waste infrastructure required to meet need. It

will also require an assessment of future requirements for additional waste management

infrastructure, with reference to forecasts for future waste arisings. Assessing waste

management needs for Local Plan making is likely to involve:

understanding waste arisings from within the planning authority area, including imports and exports

identifying the waste management capacity gaps in total and by particular waste streams

forecasting the waste arisings both at the end of the period that is being planned for and interim dates

assessing the waste management capacity required to deal with forecast arisings at the interim dates and end of the plan period.”

(Paragraph 022 - Reference ID: 28-022-20141016)

Hertfordshire County Council is a member of the East of England Waste Technical Advisory

Board (EoE WTAB) along with the 10 other WPAs in the East of England, some of which are

working together to plan for waste. These WPAs are:

Bedfordshire Authorities (combining Bedford, Central Bedfordshire and Luton)

Cambridgeshire and Peterborough

Essex and Southend-on-Sea

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Norfolk

Suffolk

Thurrock

Since the abolition of the East of England Plan, there has been no overall framework for

planning for waste management in the East of England and each WPA has had to develop

their own evidence base in support of emerging WLPs. To achieve a more consistent and

joined up approach to waste planning in the region, the WPAs in the EoE WTAB agreed a

joint methodology to calculate waste arisings, capacities and movements. The outline of this

approach was agreed at the EoE WTAB meeting of 30th January 2017 with the aim of

strengthening the evidence base for all WPAs in the region and to assist in the duty to

cooperate. The approach reflects the guidance of the National Planning Policy for Waste,

the Waste Management Plan for England, and the latest thinking in waste forecasts. It takes

account of historical data and studies into future arisings and forms the basis of the

methodology in this Draft Capacity Gap Report.

Limitations to the Study

There are inherent uncertainties and difficulties involved in recording waste management

and forecasting future waste arisings. Information on waste arisings, imports, exports and

capacity is incomplete and varies by waste stream and from local authority to local

authority.

The CGR justifies all the methodologies and sources of information used in its production.

The document describes the options that were available to the WPA for all aspects of the

CGR and explains the reasoning for the selections and omissions made. This provides the

reader with a transparent understanding of the processes used throughout the study and

will ensure robustness of the report’s quantified findings.

Uncertainties related to waste data remain. Quality of waste data nationwide has been

historically poor due to inconsistent data gathering, incomplete coverage of studies and

varied interpretations of waste types and surveys. Limitations must be borne in mind and

are briefly summarised below.

Data Quality – Waste Arisings

The majority of waste arisings are not systematically measured and as such, there are

discrepancies in the robustness of figures for different waste streams. Due to the exhaustive

data capture needed, it would be impossible to record and predict waste arisings on a

material-by-material basis (ie. plastics, wood, paper). Instead, waste is mainly categorised

by its source. The common categories of waste are:

Local Authority Collected Waste,

Commercial and Industrial Waste

5

Construction, Demolition and Excavation Waste

Hazardous Waste

Radioactive Waste

Agricultural Waste

Waste Water.

This categorisation can lead to further difficulties because particular aspects of waste can be

produced by multiple sources, thereby requiring similar processing but being included in

more than one notional waste stream. However, this is the commonly accepted way of

recording waste data and provides consistency with previous studies and most-readily

available sources of waste data. Using this categorisation, Local Authority Collected Waste

(LACW) has the most robust data as it is recorded by or on behalf of local authorities during

kerbside collections from households or at Household Waste Recycling Centres (HWRCs).

Although the composition of LACW and Commercial and Industrial (C&I) waste streams may

be similar, there is no obligation for businesses to monitor the amount of waste they

produce so the C&I waste data has to be sourced from national or independent local

studies. This can give rise to issues of double counting and accuracy when assessed at the

local scale. Construction, Demolition and Excavation (C, D & E) waste arisings have the

poorest data set of the large waste streams with little available information. Additionally,

much of its management occurs at sites with permit exemptions that have either not been

through the planning system or are not directly regulated by the Environment Agency. This

means that not all waste arisings are recorded.

Data Quality – Future Projections

As with historical arisings, predictions for future waste arisings must be considered with

variable amounts of certainty depending on the waste category. Even the most robust

predictions incorporate estimates that cannot be considered certain.

LACW projections, for example, are provided by the Waste Disposal Authority (WDA) who

have access to accurate waste recordings. The future projections are based on estimates

that could take account of population changes, production of waste by individual

households, collection service changes and the implementation of district and borough

planning permissions. As this is the most certain waste stream, the projections for others,

such as C, D & E waste, can be viewed with even less certainty.

Data Quality – Facility Capacity

Waste facilities frequently do not run at full capacity and facilities may even be constructed

at a capacity less than that specified in planning permission or in an environmental permit.

Also, the capacity of a facility may be effected by operational or management practises that

do not require changes in planning permission or permit.

6

Therefore, whilst the regulatory bodies for waste management may know the theoretical

capacity of an individual site, they may never know the practical capacity. This means the

WPA has to make a judgement on how to determine the capacity of sites and whether this

will change from site-to-site based on local investigations.

Summary

Future waste management must be planned for. This CGR is based on the agreed EoE WTAB

methodology and aims to minimise uncertainty where possible and provide an overview of

potential capacity gaps for the eWLP Plan period

This document has been produced to sit alongside the Waste Local Plan Initial Consultation

document, allowing consultees the opportunity to provide their views on the assumptions

used in the CGR and the scenarios the eWLP should be based on.

7

3. Waste Arisings

Non-Hazardous Waste

Non-hazardous waste comprises two main waste streams: Local Authority Collected Waste

(LACW) and Commercial and Industrial Waste (C&I). LACW and C&I are recorded and

collected separately but the physical similarity between the two wastes ensures they

require similar processing which frequently occurs at the same facilities. Whilst historical

arisings and future trends are based on different data sources, the operational capacity to

deal with the two waste streams should be linked.

Local Authority Collected Waste

Records of LACW are considered reliable due to the systematic processes of measuring the

waste collected at kerbside collections by the Waste Collection Authorities (WCAs) or at

Household Waste Recycling Centres by the Waste Disposal Authority (WDA). This data is

collated nationally and is updated quarterly on a web-based database called WasteDataFlow

which is publically accessible at: http://www.wastedataflow.org/home.aspx.

As part of a pilot scheme to improve the accuracy of information on waste movements,

some of Hertfordshire’s WCAs were asked to complete a new ‘question’ which has resulted

in the information not being included in reports generated from the online database.

Therefore historical LACW information was taken directly from the Waste Disposal

Authority4.

Table 1 - Local Authority Collected Waste Arisings

Year Landfill Energy

Recovery Recycled Composted Total LACW

% Recycled or Composted

2004/05 381,863 32,852 90,999 49,886 555,600 25.4%

2005/06 353,784 34,627 99,887 78,319 566,617 31.5%

2006/07 359,942 36,862 109,328 88,873 595,005 33.3%

2007/08 318,697 40,767 115,754 90,718 565,936 36.5%

2008/09 290,172 36,743 120,359 111,009 558,283 41.4%

2009/10 275,159 26,839 125,393 116,310 543,701 44.5%

2010/11 242,384 41,304 129,688 123,706 537,082 47.2%

2011/12 200,725 73,365 131,874 132,555 538,519 49.1%

2012/13 190,558 100,283 118,730 117,580 527,151 44.8%

2013/14 191,926 86,464 134,069 127,126 539,585 48.4%

2014/15 140,115 134,482 134,037 122,308 530,942 48.3%

2015/16 98,076 167,589 144,153 118,474 528,292 49.7%

4 HCC LACW Spatial Strategy 2016

http://www.wastedataflow.org/home.aspx

8


Commercial and Industrial waste (C&I) is waste produced by commercial businesses and

industries. It is collected and measured by private waste companies who manage the waste

stream. Individual companies will have records of the waste they collect and send for

treatment or disposal but data for the original waste arisings is not collated and remains

unavailable to WPAs.

There are two main options available to WPAs to assess waste arisings of C&I waste.

The first option is to use the Waste Data Interrogator (WDI) which is published annually by

the Environment Agency. The WDI compiles all the information from individual waste

transfer notes which registered waste carriers must complete for each of their transactions

of waste material under the Duty of Care system. The WDI gives waste-types, waste origins,

its destination and facility-type.

The WDI combines figures for LACW and C&I waste together as Household, Industrial and

Commercial waste (HIC). This is due to the previously mentioned similarity in the

composition of the waste streams and the fact that waste managers will not necessarily

know the exact origin of the waste. Because LACW waste is recorded accurately by the WCA

and WDAs in WasteDateFlow, it is possible to get a proxy for historical C&I waste arisings by

subtracting the WasteDataFlow figures from the WDI output for HIC waste. The WDI only

goes back to 2010 so figures do not cover as long a time period from which to analyse

trends and the WDI reports waste figures in calendar years whereas WasteDataFlow uses

financial years. However, five years of data is considered sufficient to identify trends and a

comparison can be made by assuming the start year of each financial year matches the

calendar year from the WDI. For example, 2014 from the WDI combines with 2014/15 from

WasteDataFlow.

It must be noted that although the Environment Agency carry out quality assurance before

the WDI figures are published, errors are inevitable due to submission errors on the original

waste transfer notes and the unmeasurable element of double-counting which occurs as a

result of waste being managed at more than one facility.

Table 2 - Commercial and Industrial Waste arisings from WDI

Year WDI HIC (tonnes)

WasteDataFlow (tonnes)

C&I (tonnes)

2011/12 968,690 538,519 430,171

2012/13 1,041,833 527,151 514,682

2013/14 1,049,385 539,585 509,800

2014/15 1,233,293 530,942 702,351 2015/16 1,338,214 528,292 809,922

The second option to determine C&I waste arisings would be to use survey data. The most

recent national survey was commissioned by Defra and undertaken by Jacobs in 2009. The

9

survey produced data for the East of England region rather than individual WPAs and the

division of regional data into local authority data adds further inaccuracy to the already

outdated survey. With no other surveys available, estimates of C&I waste arisings in

Hertfordshire were estimated for 2011 and included in the Draft East of England Plan

published in 2010 as 1,011,000 tonnes and extrapolated from this point.

Table 3 - Commercial and Industrial Waste Arisings from Defra Study 2009

Year

Draft EoE Plan C&I Waste arisings

(tonnes)

2011 1,011,000

2012 1,020,000

2013 1,030,000

2014 1,038,000 2015 1,046,000

The Defra Study figures are higher than the WDI-derived figures although the gap has

decreased since 2011, perhaps as the submission of waste transfer notes becomes more

commonplace and the coverage of the WDI becomes more representative.

Because the Defra Study is now eight years old, it is proposed to use the 2015 figures

calculated from the WDI with an acceptance that unseen waste managed at exempt

facilities also arises.


Data for C, D & E waste is not extensive and is considered unreliable. Waste operations

treating C, D & E waste are often regarded as low risk in terms of protection of human

health and the environment meaning that the operator can apply for an exemption to the

Environment Agency’s permitting system. Operating under an exemption means that details

of quantity and waste origin do not need to be submitted to the Environment Agency under

the Duty of Care system so cannot be compiled and published in the WDI.

The EoE WTAB carried out a study into waste managed at exempt sites in 2012 and

ascertained that operators managing C, D & E waste do not generally keep records of

geographic origin and often record quantity in terms of skip loads rather than tonnage.

National surveys of C, D & E waste were carried out by central Government most recently in

2005 but these surveys are over 10 years old and are acknowledged to contain a very high

margin of error. Therefore, the WDI figure, which presents the C, D & E waste managed

through permitted facilities under the category of Inert/Construction and Demolition waste,

are considered the most reliable to use in the CGR.

10

Table 4 – Commercial, Demolition & Excavation Waste Arisings from WDI

Total Inert/C+D waste arisings (tonnes)

2011 1,854,502

2012 1,804,795

2013 1,912,588

2014 2,559,328

2015 2,614,803

Table 5 - Commercial, Demolition & Excavation Waste Arisings from WDI (omitting transfer facilities to avoid double counting)

Total Inert/C+D waste arisings (tonnes)

2012 1,175,017

2013 1,617,084

2014 1,800,515 2015 2,052,634

A drawback to this data source is that the figures in Tables 4 & 5 do not account for all C, D

& E waste. Waste can be managed without passing through a permitted facility, either by

being used on-site, by being sent straight for recycling or by being managed at facilities that

are exempt from the Environment Agency’s environmental permitting system. The figures in

Tables 4 & 5 are therefore a better representation of C, D & E waste managed rather than C,

D & E waste arisings. However, there are limited alternative options to calculate the

arisings.

WRAP published a national study in C, D & E waste arisings in 2008 which calculated that

86.93 million tonnes were generated in 2008. By scaling this national figure to Hertfordshire

using population figures, it is possible to get an estimate for the county. ONS population

estimates for 2008 and 2017 suggest that Hertfordshire has approximately 2.1 % of

England’s population (2008: 1,083,000 out of 51,464,000, 2017: 1,176,000 out of

55,268,000). As a sense-check, 2.1% of 86.93 = 1.83 million tonnes, which is comparable to

the recent WDI figures gained when excluding transfer stations. This adds a little certainty to

the use of the figures in Table 5 in the CGR.

Hazardous Waste

Hazardous wastes are harmful to human health and to the environment. Due to the

potential harm from these waste streams, their management rarely occurs at facilities

exempt from the Environment Agency’s permitting system. Hazardous waste operators

therefore submit waste transfer notes to the Environment Agency which can be collated in

the WDI and the Hazardous Waste Data Interrogator (HWDI). The HWDI is regarded as the

more accurate source and will be used in this study. The following data omits the waste sent

to transfer facilities to avoid double-counting the material.

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Table 6 - Hazardous Waste Arisings

Total Hazardous Waste Arisings (tonnes)

2011 41,720

2012 43,953

2013 33,745

2014 46,756 2015 45,608

Low Level Radioactive Waste

There are two types of Low Level Radioactive Waste (LLRW):

• Nuclear Waste

• Non-Nuclear Waste

Nuclear Waste arises from nuclear power stations. Responsibility for the management of

this waste stream lies with the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority and local facilities in the

East of England for the management of this waste stream are not planned.

Non-Nuclear Waste is generated at medical facilities and educational establishments. This

waste stream is usually managed at conventional disposal facilities, or sent to the nearest

site with a specific permit for the disposal of this waste stream which is at Kings Cliffe in

Northamptonshire. Some radioactive waste from medical or academic use can be managed

at conventional hazardous waste facilities or specialist hazardous landfill sites that have a

permit to dispose of radioactive waste.

The data on this waste stream is weak and limited to the Defra-commissioned report

published by Atkins in 2009. This report suggested 1.06m3 arose in 2008 which is not

considered sufficient to justify the development of dedicated radioactive management

facilities.

Due to the small tonnages involved, it is not considered necessary to develop sites to

manage this waste stream in each WPA. Waste Plans should take account of the fact that

this type of waste arising in their Plan Area is being managed in neighbouring authorities

and include policies to acknowledge this.

Agricultural Waste

Agricultural waste is waste material generated from agricultural premises. Historically, the

waste stream has not been regulated. The vast majority of agricultural wastes are bulk

materials and can be attributed to animal matter or vegetable and plant waste, leaving a

small portion of the waste stream classed as non-natural. This is a “controlled waste” under

12

the European Waste Framework Directive5 and the majority is thought to be managed at

household collection or within the C&I stream.

Government guidance does not recommend a methodology for planning for agricultural

waste. Due to the small arisings of waste that requires management and the expectation

that this quantity is included within two other waste streams, agricultural waste is not

included within the scope of this CGR.

Waste Water

The need for additional wastewater capacity in Hertfordshire is identified by the borough

and district planning authorities when producing a Local Plan and when determining

individual planning applications. The relevant wastewater service provider is involved in this

process.

Hertfordshire County Council, as Waste Planning Authority, will determine applications for

up to 350,000m3 of additional wastewater infrastructure, where a requirement has been

identified, but is not responsible for identifying the requirement. As such, wastewater

arisings and capacity is not included in the scope of this CGR.

5 As a member of the European Union, the legislative framework for the UK waste management industry is

derived from the Waste Framework Directive (2008).

13

4. Waste Arising Projections

Forecasting waste arisings involves uncertainty but is required to determine whether or not

a need exists to plan for additional waste management capacity in the future. The NPPG

provides advice on how WPAs should forecast arisings although the advice leaves a degree

of freedom for individual WPAs to consider the most appropriate methodology. As

previously mentioned, the following projections were undertaken using the agreed EoE

WTAB methodology as a starting point.

For each significant waste stream, a high and a low growth scenario has been presented to

provide a better view of the possible requirements of waste management sector for the

expected Plan period of the eWLP between 2016 and 2031.

Local Authority Collected Waste

LACW is the easiest waste stream to forecast with a high degree of certainty, in part due to

the systematic historical recording. Waste Collection Authorities (WCAs) and Waste Disposal

Authorities (WDAs) have to plan for their future services including the provision of kerbside

collection services, HWRCs and subsequent disposal of residual waste. Therefore, growth

projections are updated regularly and with input from teams across the local authorities,

ensuring varying interests are incorporated. This provides an element of sense-checking and

greater certainty in the findings.

Hertfordshire County Council, as WDA, updated the Local Authority Collected Waste Spatial

Strategy in October 2016. It included projections of LACW waste arisings up to the year

2031, covering the entire duration of the expected Plan period.

The overall waste projections were based on the Objectively Assessed Needs for housing

that each of the district and borough councils within the county are planning for in their

Local Plans and emerging Local Plans. This totalled a 15% increase in growth across the

county by 2031. The growth percentages were applied to the entire waste stream which

was then split into a higher and lower recycling rate driven by the target to recycle or

compost 65% of waste by 2031. The residual fraction of LACW waste was projected to fall in

a linear fashion to meet the 2031 target and the proportion of waste recycled and

composted rose to balance the fall in residual waste whilst maintaining the same ratio

between them as recorded in 2015. The lower recycling rate was presented based on the

assumption that a recycling and composting rate of 60% would be achieved by 2031.

Whilst the two recycling/composting rates give an upper and lower scenario to be used in

the CGR, looking at recycling rates, it was not considered necessary to include an alternative

growth figure for the overall waste stream due to the relative confidence of these

projections. The figures are provided in Tables 7 and 8.

14

Table 7 - Projected LACW Arisings (assuming 65% rec/comp by 2031)

Year Residual Recycling/Reuse Organic Total % Rec/Comp

2016/17 262,240 147,762 118,697 528,699 50%

2017/18 258,475 152,376 122,844 533,695 52%

2018/19 254,710 156,990 126,992 538,691 53%

2019/20 250,944 161,603 131,139 543,687 54%

2020/21 247,179 166,217 135,287 548,683 55%

2021/22 243,413 170,831 139,434 553,678 56%

2022/23 239,648 175,445 143,582 558,674 57%

2023/24 235,882 180,059 147,729 563,670 58%

2024/25 232,117 184,672 151,877 568,666 59%

2025/26 228,352 189,286 156,024 573,662 60%

2026/27 224,586 193,900 160,172 578,658 61%

2027/28 220,821 198,514 164,319 583,654 62%

2028/29 217,055 203,128 168,467 588,650 63%

2029/30 213,290 207,742 172,614 593,646 64%

2030/31 209,525 212,355 176,762 598,642 65%

2031/32 205,759 216,969 180,909 603,638 66%

Table 8 - Projected LACW Arisings (assuming 60% rec/comp by 2031)

Year Residual Recycling/Reuse Organic Total % Rec/Comp

2016/17 262,240 147,762 118,697 528,699 50%

2017/18 260,613 151,209 121,873 533,695 51%

2018/19 258,986 154,656 125,049 538,691 52%

2019/20 257,358 158,103 128,225 543,687 53%

2020/21 255,731 161,550 131,402 548,683 53%

2021/22 254,103 164,997 134,578 553,678 54%

2022/23 252,476 168,444 137,754 558,674 55%

2023/24 250,849 171,891 140,931 563,670 55%

2024/25 249,221 175,338 144,107 568,666 56%

2025/26 247,594 178,785 147,283 573,662 57%

2026/27 245,966 182,232 150,460 578,658 57%

2027/28 244,339 185,679 153,636 583,654 58%

2028/29 242,712 189,126 156,812 588,650 59%

2029/30 241,084 192,573 159,988 593,646 59%

2030/31 239,457 196,020 163,165 598,642 60%

2031/32 237,829 199,467 166,341 603,638 61%

Waste compositional analysis in 20156 identified that 51.2% of the waste placed into

residual bins at the kerbside and 49.1% of waste deposited in the residual waste section at

HWRCs could have been recycled or reused. This shows that even without the introduction

6 See Appendix 2 of HCC LACW Spatial Strategy 2016

15

of new recycling targets, there is potential to significantly reduce the quantity of residual

waste being produced from this waste stream.


Historically, C&I waste has been linked to economic activity but recently, production of

waste has anecdotally been de-coupled from economic development. This has been brought

about by efficiencies in production and packaging that have been driven by a greater

awareness of the importance of reducing waste for environmental and financial reasons. It

is hard to quantify the exact effect of this de-coupling at a WPA or national scale so

economic forecasts and population increases remain key to projecting C&I waste arisings.

An additional problem is that economic forecasts themselves are unreliable because of the

number of assumptions they are based on. Nevertheless, economic forecasts are widely

used (not just in the waste sector) and are updated regularly. They are considered the most

reliable basis for future projections of C&I waste and provide consistency with previous

models as well as methodologies for forecasting in other sectors.

The NPPG provides general guidance of how WPAs should plan for future C&I waste arisings:

“How can waste planning authorities forecast future commercial and industrial waste arisings? Waste planning authorities can prepare growth profiles, similar to municipal waste, to forecast future commercial and industrial waste arisings. In doing so, however, they should:

set out clear assumptions on which they make their forecast, and if necessary forecast on the basis of different assumptions to provide a range of waste to be managed

be clear on rate of growth in arisings being assumed. Waste planning authorities should assume a certain level of growth in waste arisings unless there is clear evidence to demonstrate otherwise.

Paragraph: 032 Reference ID: 28-032-20141016

Taking this into account, and in line with the agreed EoE WTAB Methodology, the CGR uses

the East of England Forecast Model (EEFM) as a basis for projecting growth in the C&I waste

stream. The EEFM is maintained by Cambridge Econometrics on behalf of the East of

England Local Government Association and can be accessed at

http://cambridgeshireinsight.org.uk/EEFM.

The model provides projections for a range of sectors, giving outputs related to land use,

employment rates and overall economic growth. The model is not a waste-specific

forecasting tool so it was considered most appropriate to ‘map’ the sectoral outputs of this

model onto the waste streams reported in the Defra Waste Study 2009 to ensure that the

http://cambridgeshireinsight.org.uk/EEFM

16

EEFM’s projected growth is focussed on relevant waste-specific outputs. The EEFM sectors

were applied to the Defra study as follows:

Table 9 - EEFM to Defra Waste Study Sector/Waste Stream 'Mapping'

Defra Waste Study 2009 Waste Streams EEFM Sectors

Food, drink & tobacco GVA3: Manufacturing - food manufacturing

Textiles / wood / paper / publishing GVA18: Publishing & broadcasting

Power & utilities GVA10: Utilities

Chemicals / non-metallic minerals manufacture GVA5: Manufacturing - chemicals only

GVA6: Manufacturing - pharmaceuticals

Metal manufacturing GVA7: Manufacturing - metals

manufacturing

Machinery & equipment (other manufacture) GVA4: Manufacturing - general

manufacturing

Retail & wholesale GVA13: Wholesale

GVA14: Retail

Hotels & catering GVA17: Accommodation & food services

Public administration & social work GVA27: Public administration

Education GVA28: Education

Transport & storage GVA15: Land transport

GVA16: Water & air transport

Other services GVA23: Professional services

GVA31: Other services

The latest forecasts were published in August 2016 and although economic indicators

constantly change, this provides a relatively up-to-date basis with which to provide

forecasts.

Using the ‘mapped’ sectors included in Table 3: Employment by Sector in the EEFM, a

breakdown of the 2015 total C&I waste arisings (that were calculated in Table 3 in the

previous chapter) could be broken down with a tonnage apportioned to each of the Defra

Waste Study 2009 waste streams. These were used as the 2015 starting point and

extrapolated into the future using the annual percentage changes for each sector found in

Table 4: Employment by Sector (Annual Percentage change) in the EEFM. Each individual

waste stream was projected to 2031 and collated to give an overall annual arising for C&I

waste. This was used as a low growth scenario.

17

As a high growth alternative scenario, the EEFM also produces a forecast for ‘Total GVA’

which is a measure of the value of the overall economy on a regional scale. Using this as a

scenario would use the assumption that waste arisings have not been de-coupled from

economic development so is an appropriate option for a high waste growth scenario. To

forecast the waste arisings, the 2015 total was multiplied by the annual change in GVA

projected by the EEFM.

For the high and low growth scenarios, targets are applied in line with, but 5% less than, the

targets to recycle/compost 65% of the LACW waste stream by 2031. This follows the

approach of the adopted WLP for C&I treatment. The adopted WLP took account of the

Draft Revision of the East of England Regional Spatial Strategy (March 2010) which stated

that ‘the target for all of C&I waste arising to be recycled, composted or treated by 2031 is

comparable to the target for MSW7’. The adopted WLP considered it unlikely that C&I

management would be able to match that of LACW which undergoes greater sorting prior to

collection. The adopted WLP reduced the LACW targets by 5% as a best estimate of

potential C&I management in the future. The targets enable the future quantity of residual

waste arisings to be identified for each year of the Plan period.

Table 10 - C&I Waste Arisings using EEFM sector employment growth projections and Total GVA Projections

Low Growth Scenario High Growth Scenario

Year Total Waste

(t)

Recycled or

Composted Waste (t)

Residual Waste (t)

Total Waste (t)

Recycled or Composted Waste (t)

Residual Waste (t)

% Rec/ comp

2016 819,144 371,883 447,261 829,671 376,662 453,008 45%

2017 826,374 384,832 441,542 844,652 393,344 451,307 47%

2018 830,522 396,301 434,221 859,022 409,899 449,122 48%

2019 833,479 407,103 426,376 874,293 427,038 447,254 49%

2020 836,164 417,668 418,496 891,244 445,180 446,063 50%

2021 838,370 427,880 410,490 906,640 462,722 443,917 51%

2022 841,843 438,637 403,206 922,482 480,652 441,829 52%

2023 845,094 449,188 395,906 938,763 498,975 439,787 53%

2024 848,206 459,577 388,629 954,747 517,302 437,444 54%

2025 851,502 469,978 381,524 970,401 535,602 434,798 55%

2026 855,061 480,446 374,615 988,473 555,407 433,065 56%

2027 857,919 490,436 367,483 1,005,307 574,691 430,615 57%

2028 860,608 500,243 360,365 1,022,388 594,279 428,108 58%

2029 862,992 509,780 353,212 1,039,532 614,063 425,468 59%

2030 865,378 519,226 346,152 1,056,988 634,192 422,795 60%

2031 867,584 528,474 339,110 1,075,874 655,350 420,523 61%

7 MSW – Municipal Solid Waste – now commonly known as Local Authority Collected Waste.

18

As can be seen, this outputs a significant difference of approx. 210,000 tonnes for total C&I

waste arisings by the end of the Plan period. Considering the lack of certainty in the baseline

data, it is important to bear in mind the potential variations at this stage of Plan production.

As a sense-check, the regional C&I waste projections included in the draft Revision of the

Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) are shown below.

Table 11 - C&I Waste Arisings reported in Draft EoE RSS 2010

Year C&I Waste Arisings

(tonnes)

2016/17 1,054,000

2021/22 1,086,000

2026/27 1,128,000

2030/31 1,169,000

The tonnage reported in the RSS starts significantly higher than both the low and high

growth scenarios using the EEFM but rises at a similar rate to the low growth scenario

providing extra confidence in the projections in Table 10.

Non-Hazardous Waste Total

Combining the LACW and C&I Waste streams, the forecast waste arisings for high and low

growth scenarios can be calculated for non-hazardous waste, and are shown in Table 12.

Table 12 - Combined Non-Hazardous Waste Arisings

Low Growth Scenarios High Growth Scenarios

Year Total

Waste (t) Residual Waste (t)

Total Waste (t)

Residual Waste (t)

2016 1,347,843 709,501 1,358,370 715,249

2017 1,360,069 700,017 1,378,347 711,920

2018 1,369,213 688,931 1,397,713 708,107

2019 1,377,166 677,320 1,417,980 704,612

2020 1,384,847 665,675 1,439,927 701,793

2021 1,392,048 653,904 1,460,318 698,020

2022 1,400,517 642,854 1,481,156 694,304

2023 1,408,764 631,788 1,502,433 690,635

2024 1,416,872 620,746 1,523,413 686,665

2025 1,425,164 609,876 1,544,063 682,391

2026 1,433,719 599,202 1,567,131 679,031

2027 1,441,573 588,304 1,588,961 674,954

2028 1,449,258 577,421 1,611,038 670,819

2029 1,456,638 566,502 1,633,178 666,552

2030 1,464,020 555,676 1,655,630 662,252

2031 1,471,222 548,869 1,679,512 658,352

19


The NPPG provides advice on how WPAs should forecast future C, D & E waste arisings:

“How should waste planning authorities forecast future construction and

demolition waste arisings?

Waste planning authorities should start from the basis that net arisings of

construction and demolition waste will remain constant over time as there is likely to

be a reduced evidence base on which forward projections can be based for

construction and demolition wastes. However, when forecasting construction and

demolition waste arisings, the following may be relevant:

• annual existing returns from waste management facilities

• data from site waste management plans (where available)

• the fact that a sizeable proportion of construction and demolition waste arisings

are managed or re-used on-site, or exempt sites, so it is critical that some

provision is made for unseen capacity in this way

• any significant planned regeneration or major infrastructure projects over the

timescale of the Plan.”


By stating that C, D & E waste arisings will remain constant over time, this provides an

obvious low growth scenario that can be based on the most recent recorded arisings, as

shown in Table 5.

Because of the potential for significant quantities of C, D & E waste arisings to be unseen

and previously unrecorded, and because of the planned growth agenda for housing

provision and urban regeneration proposed in the recently adopted and emerging district

Local Plans in Hertfordshire, it is important to have a high scenario as well. One option

would be to base a high growth scenario on the recorded trends extrapolated to the end of

the Plan period. Due to the recent and rapid upturn in C, D & E arisings recorded in the WDI,

which in part is due to the upturn in development as the economy recovers out of recession,

this rate of growth is unlikely to continue for a further 15 years. Instead, because

construction activity is a good proxy for economic activity, albeit with a short lag, a similar

method has been used to that used for the high growth scenario for C&I waste, using the

Total GVA projections from the EEFM, starting with the 2015 arisings reported in the WDI.

For the high and low growth scenarios, forecast recovery rates for the waste are included

based on two specific targets. The Waste Management Plan for England targets the

recovery of 70% of C, D & E by 2020 and the Draft Revision of the Regional Spatial Strategy

2010 targeted the diversion of 90% of C, D & E waste from landfill by 20318. A linear trend of

recovery rates between the two targets was included in the forecasts and extrapolated

backwards to the start of the Plan period.

8 The use of C, D & E waste in quarry restoration counts toward both of these targets.

20

Table 13 - C, D & E Forecast Waste Arisings


Year Total Arisings (t)

Requiring Recovery* (t)

Total Arisings (t)

Requiring Recovery* (t)

% Recovery

2016 2,052,634 1,287,561 2,102,684 1,318,956 63%

2017 2,052,634 1,324,882 2,140,653 1,381,694 65%

2018 2,052,634 1,362,203 2,177,072 1,444,784 66%

2019 2,052,634 1,399,523 2,215,772 1,510,754 68%

2020 2,052,634 1,436,844 2,258,733 1,581,113 70%

2021 2,052,634 1,474,164 2,297,753 1,650,204 72%

2022 2,052,634 1,511,485 2,337,901 1,721,545 74%

2023 2,052,634 1,548,806 2,379,162 1,795,186 75%

2024 2,052,634 1,586,126 2,419,673 1,869,747 77%

2025 2,052,634 1,623,447 2,459,345 1,945,118 79%

2026 2,052,634 1,660,768 2,505,147 2,026,892 81%

2027 2,052,634 1,698,088 2,547,809 2,107,733 83%

2028 2,052,634 1,735,409 2,591,099 2,190,656 85%

2029 2,052,634 1,772,729 2,634,549 2,275,292 86%

2030 2,052,634 1,810,050 2,678,788 2,362,204 88%

2031 2,052,634 1,847,371 2,726,651 2,453,986 90%

This gives a significant difference of over 700,000t by the end of the Plan period for total

arisings and approximately 600,000t for the quantity of C, D & E waste requiring recovery.

Considering the uncertainty related to C, D & E waste data, it is considered appropriate to

have identified the potential variations at this stage of Plan production.

Hazardous Waste

The NPPG provides guidance on how WPAs should forecast future hazardous waste arisings:

How should waste planning authorities forecast future hazardous waste arisings?

Since existing data on hazardous waste arisings is likely to be robust, waste planning

authorities should plan for future hazardous wastes arisings based on extrapolating

time series data. View guidance on hazardous substances.


To provide consistency with other waste types in this study, two scenarios were generated.

A low growth scenario assumes that hazardous waste arisings remain constant at the level

reported by the HWDI in 2015. A high growth scenario extrapolates the figures reported by

the HWDI since 2011 to the end of the Plan period. An alternative high growth scenario

would have been to base forecasts on the Total GVA projections from the EEFM but because

21

the recorded HWDI data is considered reliable, it was considered more robust to base

forecasts on the recorded figures.

Table 14 - Forecast Hazardous Waste Arisings

Total Low growth

Scenario (tonnes) High growth

Scenario (tonnes)

2016 45,608 45,530

2017 45,608 46,588

2018 45,608 47,646

2019 45,608 48,704

2020 45,608 49,762

2021 45,608 50,820

2022 45,608 51,878

2023 45,608 52,935

2024 45,608 53,993

2025 45,608 55,051

2026 45,608 56,109

2027 45,608 57,167

2028 45,608 58,225

2029 45,608 59,283

2030 45,608 60,341

2031 45,608 61,399

22

5. Waste Movements

It is important to note that waste does not necessarily remain within the authority, or even

the region, where it arises. This provides further uncertainty with regards to planning for

waste’s management. It is possible that some WPAs manage more waste than they

generate and the level of inter-authority transfer can change significantly from year to year

based on the development of new sites, changes to WCA services or merely commercial

decision-making.

The best source of data to record waste movements is the WDI which categorises waste as

Household, Industrial and Commercial (HIC), Inert/Construction and Demolition (Inert/C&D)

or Hazardous. In this instance, it was considered appropriate to leave LACW and C&I waste

together rather than attempt to separate them. The WDI does not report waste movements

to incinerators and it is known that a significant portion of Hertfordshire’s LACW waste is

sent to out-of-county incinerators. This would reduce confidence in LACW figures, adding

uncertainty when trying to isolate the C&I figures.

To provide an overview of recorded waste movements, data of movements from the

previous four years is presented throughout the remainder of this chapter. The source of

Hazardous waste movements is the HWDI, rather than the WDI.

Waste Imports

Table 15 - Hertfordshire Waste Imports

Year Total HIC Inert To LF

2012 1,285,515 486,368 767,867 441,326

2013 1,266,975 421,686 812,402 523,076

2014 1,965,731 646,841 1,287,207 821,457

2015 1,751,823 662,933 1,038,152 664,689

This shows that a quantity of waste greater than that of the entire recorded non-hazardous

arisings in Hertfordshire is imported into the county having arisen elsewhere. This adds a

significant amount of waste to the Hertfordshire waste management sector.

Who exports to Herts?

Table 16 - Key Waste Exporters to Hertfordshire

Year London Bucks Essex Bedfordshire Cambs

2012 684,298 45,174 124,666 21,132 8,864

2013 747,755 81,781 121,512 26,116 11,367

2014 703,456 150,090 165,316 39,329 29,359

2015 973,703 126,764 176,618 51,191 20,395

23

The majority of waste transported into Hertfordshire originates in London and other nearby

authorities in the East of England. However, waste is imported from many locations and

roughly 400,000 tonnes of waste came to Hertfordshire from further afield than these

locations in 2015.

Key Waste Imports

Table 17 - HIC Imports

Year Total To Landfill

2012 486,368 171,639

2013 421,686 128,724

2014 646,841 147,099

2015 662,933 161,513

Approximately one third of imported waste is HIC waste, of which roughly one quarter is

disposed of in Hertfordshire’s single non-hazardous landfill site.

Table 18 - Inert/C&D Imports

Year Total To Landfill

2012 767,867 268,823

2013 812,402 394,352

2014 1,287,207 668,331

2015 1,038,152 503,175

The largest proportion of waste imports is Inert/C&D waste of which approximately 50% is

disposed of in landfill (including both non-hazardous and inert landfills).

Facilities Receiving Imports

Table 19 - Management of Waste Imports

Year LF Metals

recycling

On/in land Transfer Treatment Use of

waste

2012 440,462 260,762 205,992 216,645 95,592 60,767

2013 523,076 241,532 157,774 157,995 183,628 2,970

2014 815,430 285,592 285,914 251,582 289,791 16,000

2015 664,688 195,634 284,279 236,354 328,868 42,000

The largest receptor of Hertfordshire’s waste imports is landfill. When considering the large

quantity of inert waste imported and the fact that a significant proportion of waste is

deposited on/in land, it becomes obvious that a key issue of Hertfordshire’s waste imports is

the quantity of C, D & E waste and the lack of facilities to process it for re-use or recycling.

24

Waste from London

Table 20 - Waste Imports from London

Year Total HIC to LF Inert to LF

2012 684,298 145,238 218,518

2013 747,755 97,012 346,213

2014 703,456 105,906 212,394

2015 973,703 104,494 401,156

London is by far the biggest contributor of waste to Hertfordshire, accounting for over 50%

of imports in three of the last four years. A significant proportion of this is disposed of in

landfill, with a particularly significant amount of C, D & E waste sent to inert landfill. This

further illustrates the lack of capacity to reprocess C, D & E waste for re-use and recycling.

Future Imports from London

The Greater London Authority (GLA) is in the process of updating the London Plan and has

committed to planning for net self-sufficiency whereby the capital will look to provide

enough waste management capacity to manage the equivalent of London’s waste arisings.

The London Plan will be supported by a waste data study. The draft London Plan Document:

Waste Forecasts and Apportionments - Task 3: Strategic Waste Data, published in May 2017

gives waste arising projections from London (shown in Table 21). They can be compared

with historic trends and the amount sent to the East of England and specifically

Hertfordshire.

Table 21 - Projected London Waste Arisings

Year HIC C&I CD&E Hazardous

2021 3,207,000 5,009,000 10,000,000 350,000

2026 3,287,000 5,012,000 10,500,000 360,000

2031 3,348,000 5,021,000 11,000,000 370,000

2036 3,453,000 5,097,000 11,500,000 380,000

The current projections show a relatively minor increase in all waste streams apart from C, D

& E which is due to increase by 1.5 million tpa from 2021-2036. Regardless of the aim to

achieve net self-sufficiency, it is likely that there will be an increase in waste exported to

Hertfordshire, specifically C, D & E waste which London does not have enough capacity to

dispose of or use on/in land.

25

Table 22 - Waste Exported from London

Year To Hertfordshire To East of England % of EoE to Herts

2012 684,298 3,213,329 21.3%

2013 747,755 4,960,116 15.1%

2014 703,456 5,064,675 13.9%

2015 973,703 4,884,675 20.0%

The draft London Plan document states that the East of England received 70-80% of

London’s C, D & E waste during 2012-2015 and Table 22 shows that Hertfordshire received

an average of 17.5% of the waste London exported to the East of England during the same

period. If these trends continue, Hertfordshire could receive 1.4 million tpa of C, D & E

waste from London in 2021, rising to 1.54 million tpa by 2031 (assuming the EoE receives

80% of the C, D & E waste). This would be an increase of approximately 0.5 million tonnes

compared to what London exported to Hertfordshire in 2015.

Waste Exports

Table 23 - Hertfordshire Waste Exports

Year Total HIC HIC to LF Inert Inert to LF Haz

2012 709,364 381,651 275,568 298,440 193,067 29,274

2013 1,091,180 430,203 316,727 638,967 278,648 22,010

2014 1,278,386 504,948 310,238 688,763 273,933 84,672

2015 1,136,271 452,794 253,032 644,913 393,482 38,564

As can be seen when comparing Hertfordshire’s waste exports and imports, Hertfordshire is

a net importer of waste although it is considered that much of the imported waste is

subsequently exported, suggesting that Hertfordshire is merely a stopping point for the

waste on its way to treatment elsewhere. This includes the exportation of significant

quantities of HIC and Inert/C&D waste out of the county. A large proportion of these waste

streams are sent to landfill. This indicates that Hertfordshire has a lack of facilities to

manage residual waste or re-process Inert/C&D waste.

Where does Hertfordshire export to?

Table 24 - Hertfordshire Waste Export Locations

Year London Bucks Essex Bedfordshire Cambs

2012 63,867 105,912 37,606 152,246 46,441

2013 66,933 112,884 51,827 499,748 31,682

2014 170,415 119,696 45,648 407,829 65,014

2015 104,758 110,241 78,672 336,849 65,434

26

Historically, the largest receivers of Hertfordshire’s waste are Bedfordshire and

Buckinghamshire.

Table 25 - Waste Exports to Bedfordshire

Year Total HIC Inert Hazardous

2012 152,246 13,627 138,015 605

2013 499,748 7,702 491,350 696

2014 407,829 5,132 400,513 2,185

2015 336,849 2,790 333,103 951

Table 26 - Waste Exports to Buckinghamshire


2012 105,912 57,969 47,657 287

2013 112,884 97,797 15,051 36

2014 119,696 94,893 24,736 67

2015 110,241 84,246 25,864 130

As can be seen, the majority of waste exported to Bedfordshire is inert waste, especially

during 2013-2015, and a significant amount of the waste exported to Buckinghamshire is

HIC, of which the majority is disposed of in landfill at the Calvert and Gerrard’s Cross landfill

sites. Once again, this indicates that Hertfordshire lacks the in-county capacity to re-process

Inert/C&D waste and to manage residual HIC waste.

Table 27 - Waste Exports to London


2012 63,868 40,803 21,635 1,430

2013 66,933 35,278 30,589 1,066

2014 170,415 76,846 37,160 56,4099

2015 104,786 51,250 46,496 7,039

Hertfordshire does not export as much waste to London as it exports to Bedfordshire and

Buckinghamshire. However, it is valuable to look at the exports as a direct comparison of

what London exports to Hertfordshire. Hertfordshire has commonly exported only 10% of

the amount of waste that London has exported to Hertfordshire. Again, the fact that a

significant proportion of this waste is HIC waste sent to treatment facilities is an illustration

that Hertfordshire does not possess the capacity to manage residual HIC waste.

9 This includes one record of 55,321t

27

Summary

The eWLP will seek to ensure that Hertfordshire can be net self-sufficient with regards to

waste management. This means that the county will have sufficient waste management

capacity to manage the equivalent quantity of waste that arises in Hertfordshire. The waste

movements shown in this chapter do not affect the total capacity of waste management

that Hertfordshire requires, but help to highlight the waste streams that capacity is required

for.

The comparison of imports and exports and the projected increase in London’s waste

arisings shows that Hertfordshire has a need to focus on the management of residual non-

hazardous waste and additional C, D and E processing facilities.

28

6. Waste Capacity

As with waste arisings and forecasts, data related to waste management capacity lacks

certainty. Waste facilities frequently do not run at full capacity and facilities may even be

constructed at a capacity less than that specified in planning permission or in an

environmental permit. Also, the capacity of a facility may be effected by operational or

management practises that do not require changes in planning permission or permit.

Therefore, whilst the regulatory bodies for waste management may know the theoretical

capacity of an individual site, they may not know the actual maximum quantity of waste that

a facility will manage annually.

The WPA has to make a judgement on how to determine the capacity of sites and whether

this will change from site-to-site based on local investigations. This section provides an

overview of waste management facilities in Hertfordshire to identify the current capacity.

Overall Capacity

As a starting point, the WDI has been used to show the throughput of each type of facility

and waste in Hertfordshire. The highest of these annual figures could be used as a maximum

annual capacity.

Table 28 - Hertfordshire Waste Management (WDI)

2012 2013 2014 2015

Transfer Total 595,917 562,322 634,906 652,179

HIC 437,684 419,016 457,867 462,517

Inert 153,515 138,703 170,649 161,743

Haz 4,718 4,603 6,389 27,920

Treatment Total 489,149 731,118 785,070 932,582

HIC 226,765 323,091 461,413 553,946

Inert 242,361 377,835 317,267 349,479

Haz 20,022 30,192 6,389 29,157

MRS Total 336,890 330,483 347,607 265,908

HIC 112,570 103,379 96,602 103,419

Inert 210,712 209,696 237,310 145,193

Haz 13,608 17,408 13,695 17,297

Landfill & Total 1,395,508 1386,353 2,035,513 2,077,102

On/in HIC 264,813 203,899 217,411 218,332

Land Inert 1,123,891 1182,453 1,818,103 1,858,770

Haz 6,804 0 0 0

These figures incorporate an unavoidable element of double-counting so are not used in the

CGR. They can be used as a sense-check for the alternative capacity calculations.

29

Treatment and Metals Recycling Capacity

Whilst Table 28 gives capacity based on historical throughput of the facility, the county

council’s own annual surveys of local waste sites reveals discrepancies in the way that waste

operators have reported annual waste throughput to regulatory bodies. As such, rather than

base capacity on overall facility-type throughput from one source, each known waste site

was analysed individually so that a capacity could be determined based on a combination of

WPA survey returns, WDI figures, planning permissions and environmental permits. This

gave an element of flexibility where evidence was limited for a facility and allowed the WPA

to select what seemed the most appropriate figure for a realistic capacity. Table 29 shows a

summary of the compiled waste management capacity and Appendix 1 provides the

information used to determine the capacity at each site.

Table 29 - Hertfordshire Waste Management Capacity

Total 2,300,815t Transfer (which includes Hazardous Transfer)

814,705t (43,805t)

HWRC 97,800t Treatment 663,960

Metal Recycling 53,500t ELV 337,600t Organic 333,250t

Combining the treatment and metal recycling facilities, this gives a total capacity of circa.

715,000 tpa. It is not possible to say what portion of the capacity at ELV sites is used for

metal recycling and what is for hazardous materials, but it is expected that ELV sites will

provide additional capacity for recycling.

Further detail regarding the Treatment capacity can be gained from the authority’s Annual

Aggregate Surveys for the processing of Inert/C&D waste, as reported in the Hertfordshire

Local Aggregate Assessment. As Mineral Planning Authority for Hertfordshire, the county

council gathers data about the quantity of secondary and recycled aggregate which can be

used instead of extracting primary mineral resources. This aggregate is made up of C, D and

E waste so the data serves a dual purpose as waste management data as well as aggregate

provision.

30

Table 30 - Secondary and Recycled Aggregate Supplies

Year Recycled and Secondary Aggregate Processing

(tonnes)10 2012 316,941

2013 329,457

2014 362,203

2015 317,314

Table 30 shows the quantity of secondary and recycled aggregate produced in the county

for the last four years and indicates that Hertfordshire has approximately 350,000tpa of

capacity for the reprocessing of C, D &E waste.

The figures for Treatment can be split even further as shown in Table 31 and explained

below.

Table 31 - Breakdown of Treatment and Metal Recycling Capacity

Combined Treatment & Metal Recycling 717,460t C, D and E Waste Re-processing 350,000t

Residual Non-Haz Treatment 100,000t

Hazardous 84,950t

Remaining Treatment/Recycling Capacity 182,510t

Upon completion of an advanced thermal treatment facility at Land at Ratty’s Lane

(expected 2018) 100,000tpa of the combined Treatment and Metal Recycling capacity will

be used for the treatment of residual Non-Hazardous waste. A further 84,950t is used to

manage Hazardous Waste at the Redbournbury Special Waste Site.

This means that only 182,510tpa and an unknown proportion of the 337,600tpa capacity of

End of Life Vehicle sites exists for the management of the Non-Hazardous waste which is

suitable for recycling. An additional 333,250tpa capacity exists to manage Non-Hazardous

organic waste.

Landfill Capacity

Hertfordshire has a limited amount of landfill sites and because of groundwater sensitivities,

is unlikely to gain planning permission for a new Non-Hazardous landfill site.

Data for landfill capacity in the county is held by the Environment Agency who provided the

following information:

10

HCC LAA 2016

31

Table 32 - Hertfordshire Landfill Capacity

Facility Name

Facility Type Description

Remaining Capacity end 2014

(cubic metres)

Remaining Capacity end 2015 (cubic

metres)

Remaining Capacity end 2016 (cubic

metres)

Annual Capacity (tonnes)

Westmill II Waste

Management Facility

L04 - Non Hazardous

2,584,514 2,018,090 1,812,000 350,000 to 31 Dec

2017

Great Westwood

Quarry

L05 - Inert Landfill

50,830 44,897 62,017 225,000 to 2019 (new permission)

Tyttenhanger Landfill Site


8,140,650 7,964,980 No update 500,000 to 2032

Anstey Chalk Quarry


295,360 101,000 187,000 85,500 to June 2020

Bunkers Landfill Quarry


0 -80,000 0 0

Panshanger Area F & H

L05 0 940,000 940,000 150,000 to 2028

Total - 11,071,354 10,988,967 10,965,997

Breaking this down, Hertfordshire has a non-hazardous landfill capacity of 1,812,000 cubic

meters at Westmill Landfill Site and 9,153,997 cubic meters of inert landfill.

Planning permission for the disposal of non-hazardous waste at Westmill Landfill expires at

the end of 2017. In practice, the input rates have been lower at the site than permission was

granted for. The adopted WLP supports the continued disposal of residual waste at Westmill

and non-hazardous landfill is likely to occur beyond 2020.

Inert landfill capacity is spread across a few sites but is mainly provided by Tyttenhanger

Landfill Site. This will be supplemented by relatively long-term importation at Panshanger

and short-term importation at Great Westwood Quarry which has recently been granted

planning permission. Taking information from individual planning permissions, Table 33

shows that the volume of void space equates to a peak capacity of 960,500 tpa for material

to be disposed of at inert landfill with the knowledge that most of the smaller sites will not

be open for the entire Plan period. Because the inert landfill sites are being used to restore

mineral extraction sites, this capacity counts towards the recovery and diversion from

landfill of C, D & E waste.

32

Table 33 - Inert Landfill Capacity throughout Plan Period

Year Tyttenhanger

(tpa)

Panshanger

(tpa)

Great

Westwood

(tpa)

Anstey

(tpa)

Total

(tpa)

2016 500,000 0 0 85,500 585,500

2017 500,000 0 0 85,500 585,500

2018 500,000 150,000 225,000 85,500 960,500

2019 500,000 150,000 225,000 85,500 960,500

2020 500,000 150,000 0 42,750 692,750

2021 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2022 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2023 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2024 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2025 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2026 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2027 500,000 150,000 0 0 650,000

2028 500,000 0 0 0 500,000

2029 500,000 0 0 0 500,000

2031 500,000 0 0 0 500,000

Hazardous Waste

As mentioned in Table 31, Hertfordshire has capacity for 43,805t of hazardous waste

transfer and 84,950tpa of hazardous waste management. In addition to this, all of the

county HWRCs have capacity for hazardous waste (which adds to the transfer capacity) and

an unknown portion of the 337,600t of end of life vehicle waste sites is used for hazardous

waste.

33

7. Capacity Gap

Hertfordshire signed a Memorandum of Understanding with all the WPAs in the East of

England which committed all the authorities to plan for net self-sufficiency and plan

positively to meet any shortfalls in recovery and disposal capacity. Each WPA is planning for

enough waste management capacity to manage an amount of waste equivalent to the

arisings of their own county. This does not prevent the importation and exportation of

waste, but seeks to reduce the need to export waste great distances and ensure that the

region as a whole can manage its own waste.

The NPPW states that WPAs should work collaboratively through the Duty to Cooperate to

provide a suitable network of facilities to deliver sustainable waste management and the

NPPG says WPA should engage constructively, actively and on an ongoing basis with other

authorities, under the Duty to Cooperate, to help manage London’s waste. As shown in the

Waste Movements chapter, waste exported from London is a key issue for Hertfordshire

and it can be expected that London will continue to export significant quantities of waste to

Hertfordshire.

Focussing on Hertfordshire’s waste arisings, the quantity of waste that the eWLP should

plan for, shown in the Waste Arisings and Waste Arisings Projections chapters, is compiled

into Tables 34 and 35.

Table 34 - Capacity Required for Net Self-Sufficiency (Low Growth Scenarios)

Year Non-

Hazardous

C, D & E Hazardous Total

2016 1,347,843 2,052,634 45,608 3,446,085

2021 1,392,048 2,052,634 45,608 3,490,290

2026 1,433,719 2,052,634 45,608 3,531,961

2031 1,471,222 2,052,634 45,608 3,569,464

Table 35 - Capacity Required for Net Self-Sufficiency (High Growth Scenarios)

Year Non-

Hazardous

C, D & E Hazardous Total

2016 1,358,370 2,102,684 45,530 3,506,584

2021 1,460,318 2,297,753 50,820 3,808,891

2026 1,567,131 2,505,147 56,109 4,128,387

2031 1,679,512 2,726,651 61,399 4,467,562

Non-Hazardous Waste

Waste Suitable for Recycling/Composting:

Table 29 shows that Hertfordshire has 2.3 million tpa management capacity (excluding

landfill) to manage waste. Table 31 shows that, of this, 100,000tpa will be used to treat

34

residual waste, 350,000tpa is used to reprocess C, D & E waste, 84,950tpa is used to manage

Hazardous Waste and 43,805 for Hazardous Waste transfer. The use of a further 337,600tpa

capacity is unknown due to the difficulties determining how much of End of Life Vehicle

facilities are used for non-hazardous waste recycling. This leaves 1.4 million tpa capacity to

manage the portion of non-hazardous waste suitable for recycling and composting.

Of this, 868,700 tpa exists for the transfer (combining the ‘transfer’ and ‘HWRC’ categories

excluding Hazardous Transfer) and 515,760tpa for the treatment (‘treatment’, ‘metal

recycling’ and ‘organic recycling’) of the waste stream. Table 36 shows the transfer and

treatment capacity gaps for non-residual non-hazardous waste in Hertfordshire.

Table 36 – Non-Hazardous Recycling and Composting Capacity Gap


Year Rec/Comp

Transfer

Capacity (t)

Rec/Comp

Capacity (t)

Arisings

suitable for

Rec/Comp (t)

Capacity

Gap (t)

Arisings

suitable for

Rec/Comp (t)

Capacity

Gap (t)

2016 868,700 515,760 638,342 122,582 643,121 127,361

2021 868,700 515,760 738,144 222,384 762,297 246,537

2026 868,700 515,760 834,517 318,757 888,100 372,340

2031 868,700 515,760 922,588 406,828 1,019,532 503,772

(Plus unknown

portion of ELV)

It is likely that the capacity of facilities that can recycle or compost Non-Hazardous waste

will fall throughout the Plan period as planning permissions expire so Table 36 actually

shows a smaller capacity gap than is likely to occur if new facilities are not developed.

Table 36 indicates that there will be a significant deficit of capacity to manage Non-

Hazardous waste suitable for recycling and composting from the start of the Plan period.

This increases significantly towards 2031. A portion of the identified capacity gaps could be

met by the operational ELV sites, depending on what portion of the granted permission is

used for metal recycling and what is used for hazardous recycling, but this is not known and

will not cover the entire capacity gaps towards the end of the Plan period.

Sufficient transfer capacity exists from the start of the Plan period until a deficit occurs in

the last few years. The significance of this gap depends on the scenario used to forecast

arisings.

Residual Waste:

Westmill Landfill is the only site in the county used for the disposal of Non-hazardous

residual waste. This site has permission to accept 350,000 tpa until 31 December 2017. In

practice, the void has been infilled at a slower rate than allowed by the permission. The

adopted WLP supports the continued use of Westmill for the disposal of Non-Hazardous

waste and it is likely to accept waste beyond 2020. There are no facilities currently

35

operational to treat residual waste. Permission exists for a facility at Land at Ratty’s Lane to

treat 100,000tpa of residual waste. The site is expected to become operational in 2018. The

combination of Ratty’s Lane and Westmill Landfill equates to 450,000tpa.

Table 37 shows the non-hazardous residual waste capacity gap assuming that Westmill

Landfill remains open beyond its current planning permission and Land at Ratty’s Lane

becomes operational in 2018. Table 37 - Non-Hazardous Residual Waste Capacity Gap


Year Residual

Capacity (t)

Residual

Arisings (t)

Residual

Capacity

Gap (t)

Residual

Arisings

(t)

Residual

Capacity Gap

(t)

2016 350,000 709,501 359,501 715,249 365,249

2021 450,000 653,904 203,904 698,021 248,021

2026 450,000 599,202 149,202 679,031 229,031

2031 450,000 548,634 98,634 659,980 209,980

The county will have a significant deficit of residual management capacity from the start of

the Plan period. The quantity of residual waste requiring treatment or disposal is expected

to decrease over the Plan period and the capacity gap reduces as a result. However, the

capacity gap remains significant to the end of the Plan period.

Construction, Demolition & Excavation Waste

Recovery:

Hertfordshire has approximately 900,000tpa of capacity for the recovery of C, D &E waste.

Table 38 compares the treatment capacity against the recovery targets in Table 13, along

with the associated capacity gaps:

Table 38 - C, D & E Treatment Capacity Gap


Year C, D & E

Recovery

Capacity (t)

C, D & E

Recovery

Target (t)

Recovery

Capacity Gap

(t)

C, D & E

Recovery

Target (t)

Recovery

Capacity Gap

(t)

2016 935,500 1,287,561 352,061 1,318,956 383,456

2021 1,000,000 1,474,164 474,164 1,650,204 650,204

2026 1,000,000 1,660,768 660,768 2,026,892 1,026,892

2031 850,000 1,847,371 997,371 2,453,986 1,603,986

Regardless of the growth scenario used for the waste stream and discounting the expected

increase in Inert/C&D imports from London, there is a significant shortfall of capacity for the

recovery of C, D & E waste. This capacity gap varies from approximately 0.4 million tpa to

1.6 million tpa during the Plan period.

36

Without additional facilities to recover the waste stream, C, D & E waste will require

disposal at Westmill Landfill or exportation out of the county, with material likely to

continue to be exported to Bedfordshire.

Within the capacity to recover C, D & E waste, there is a reliance on depositing waste into

the ground when it would be more beneficial to process the material for re-use and

recycling. This would also reduce the demand for excavation of primary, land-won aggregate

because recycled C, D & E waste can be used in construction.

Hazardous Waste

The forecast arisings and capacity to manage hazardous waste is shown in Table 39.

Table 39 - Hazardous Waste Capacity Gap


Year Haz Waste

Transfer

Capacity (t)

Hazardous

Waste

Capacity (t)

Haz Waste

Arisings (t)

Capacity

Gap (t)

Haz Waste

Arisings (t)

Capacity

Gap (t)

2016 43,805 84,950 45,608 -39,342 45,530 -39,420

2021 43,805 84,950 45,608 -39,342 50,820 -34,130

2026 43,805 84,950 45,608 -39,342 56,109 -28,841

2031 43,805 (Plus capacity

at HWRCs)

84,950 (Plus unknown

portion of ELV)

45,608 -39,342 61,399 -23,551

Hertfordshire has sufficient capacity to manage hazardous waste and is expected to have

throughout the duration of the Plan period. Table 39 identifies a minor deficit of hazardous

transfer capacity from the outset of the Plan period but it is considered that sufficient

additional capacity is provided by the existing HWRCs to meet this gap.

Conclusion

This chapter has used the findings of the Waste Arisings, Waste Arisings Projections and

Capacity chapters to forecast the waste management capacity gaps for the Plan period of

the emerging WLP.

Based on the assumptions used and irrespective of the growth scenarios used for individual

waste streams, the county will have significant capacity gaps for the management of the

two largest waste streams: Non-Hazardous and Construction, Demolition and Excavation

waste.

There will be a significant shortfall in capacity for the recycling and composting of non-

hazardous waste from the start of the Plan period and this is set to increase as arisings

increase. There is also a significant shortfall to treat or dispose of the residual element of

the non-hazardous waste stream. This gap should decrease over the Plan period as recycling

37

rates increase but will only do so if sufficient facilities to recycle and compost the non-

residual portion of the waste are developed.

The most significant capacity gap identified is for the recovery of C, D & E waste.

Hertfordshire has a number of mineral extraction sites which require inert material for

restoration purposes but only one of these sites is set to accept waste material for the

entire Plan period. Combined with a relatively small capacity to process C, D & E waste for

re-use and recycling, this is not sufficient for the forecast increase in arisings.

38

8. Next Steps

The responses to the Hertfordshire Waste Local Plan Initial Consultation document will be

taken into account to select the assumptions and growth scenarios used in the final Capacity

Gap Report. The final Capacity Gap Report will be an important part of the evidence base to

guide the preparation of subsequent consultation documents during WLP plan production.

The Initial Consultation document can be found at http://hertscc-

consult.objective.co.uk/portal with the consultation period open between 9am 05 February

2018 and 5pm on 30 March 2018.



39

Appendix 1 – List and capacity of waste facilities in Hertfordshire

Site Name Type of Facility

Highest throughput - HCC Survey

(HCC)

Highest throughput - WDI entry

(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)

Chosen data source (HCC, WDI, PP, EA)

Capacity for CGR

Council Depot - Broxbourne (Fairways)

Transfer 3,863 4,676 - 5,000 EA 5,000

Essex Road

Transfer - 17,251 - - WDI 17,500

HWRC Hoddesdon (Pindar Road)

Waste treatment

2,440 2,704 - 24,999 WDI 2,750

HWRC Turnford (Brookfield Farm)

Waste treatment

5,330 6,743 - 24,999 WDI 7,000

Land at Bridge Works, Rye Park Industrial Estate

ELV & metal

recycling 40,893 58,098 - 80,000 WDI 60,000

Land at Ratty's Lane, Hoddesdon

Waste treatment

- - 100,000 - PP 100,000

Land at Ratty's Lane, Hoddesdon

Organic waste

treatment - - 60,000 - PP 60,000

TES Oil & Water Plant (Bio Marsh Environmental Ltd)

Transfer - 7,653 - - WDI 7,750

Unit 23 Monro Trading Estate ELV & metal

recycling 470 447 - - HCC 500

Council Depot - Cupid Green Transfer 45,184 38,032 - 73,200 HCC 50,000

HWRC Berkhamsted, Northbridge Road

Waste treatment

2,781 2,936 - 24,999 HCC 3,000

40



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

HWRC Hemel Hempsted, Cupid Green

Waste treatment

5,469 6,208 - 24,999 WDI 6,500

Hemel Carbreakers, Cupid Green Yard

ELV & metal

recycling 2,920 2,170 - - HCC 3,000

Land at Mark Road, Hemel Hempstead

Transfer - 40,726 - - WDI 45,000

Lodge Way, Chesham Road ELV & metal

recycling - 12,074 - 25,000 WDI 12,500

Maxted Close

Transfer - 45,421 75,000 - WDI 50,000

Land off Birchall Lane Waste

treatment 197,508 198,612 - 200,000 HCC / EA 200,000

Calais Wood

Transfer 42,307 19,912 - 24,999 HCC 45,000

Lower Hatfield Road/Skinner Transfer 11,648 10,026 - 5,000 WDI / EA 12,000

Sunnyside

Transfer 8,882 - - - HCC 9,000

Anstey Chalk Quarry Waste

treatment 17,360 38,848 - 22,800 WDI 40,000

Buttermilk Hall Farm

Transfer - 2,179 - 75,000 WDI 2,250

Carmaggeddon Salvage ELV & metal

recycling 344 246 - - HCC 350

Cole Green Service Station, B&T Motors

ELV & metal

recycling - 7,099 - 2,500 WDI 7,250

41



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

HWRC Bishop's Stortford Waste

treatment 4,740 6,257 - 24,999 WDI 6,500

HWRC Buntingford Waste

treatment 795 740 - 24,999 HCC 800

HWRC Cole Green Waste

treatment 3,392 3,795 - 24,999 HCC 3,800

HWRC Westmill Waste

treatment 4,044 4,725 - 24,999 WDI 4,750

Hunsdon Skips Ltd

Transfer - 13,110 - - WDI 13,500

Maguire Yard ELV & metal

recycling 440 - - - HCC 500

The Nurseries, Green Tye Waste

treatment 22,855 22,855 - 10,000 HCC 23,000

Westmill Quarry Waste

treatment 16,092 - - - HCC 16,500

Council Depot - Hertsmere (Cranborne Road)

Transfer - 3,696 - - WDI 4,000

Coursers Farm Organic waste

treatment 558 - 48,500 - PP 48,500

FMS Recovery Centre/Oakridge Lane

ELV & metal

recycling 8,383 7,576 - 12,000 HCC 8,500

HWRC Elstree (Allum Lane) Waste

treatment 3,387 3,313 - 24,999 WDI 3,400

42



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

HWRC Potters Bar (Cranborne Road)

Waste treatment

4,041 4,287 - 24,999 WDI 4,300

Land at Cranborne Road Industrial Estate

Transfer - 5,451 - - WDI 3,500

Land at Elstree Hill South Organic waste

treatment - 38,395 78,000 - WDI 40,000

Land at Redwell Wood Farm, Ridge

Organic waste

treatment 51,887 56,657 75,000 75,000 WDI 57,000

Warren Fields, Houndswood Farm

Organic waste

treatment 750 - 750 750 PP 750

H Williams & Sons Ltd ELV & metal

recycling 133,322 228,462 - 280,000 WDI 230,000

Land adjacent to the B197, North of Graveley

Waste treatment

1,842 11,682 - 75,000 WDI 12,000

5 Hunting Gate, Hitchin Transfer - 35,212 - 75,000 WDI 35,500

Codicote Quarry Waste

treatment - 28,675 - 75,000 WDI 30,000

Cumberlow Green Farm Organic waste

treatment 32,000 35,993 40,000 40,000 PP 40,000

Dog Kennel Farm

ELV 478 - - 24,999 HCC 500

Dog Kennel Farm Metal

recycling 485 1,270 -

WDI 500

43



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

Eaglens, Unit 5

Transfer 4,500 5,400 5,000 75,000 WDI 5,500

Electronic Waste Recycling, Units 1 & 2 Woodside industrial

Park

Waste treatment

281 276 25,000 - HCC 300

Goodwins Yard, Burymead Road

Transfer - 39,322 - 74,999 WDI 40,000

HWRC Letchworth (Blackhorse Road)

Waste treatment

6,603 7,783 - 24,999 WDI 8,000

HWRC Royston (York Way) Waste

treatment 2,980 7,580 - 3,300 WDI 8,000

Land at Bygrave Lodge Organic waste

treatment 50,205 51,082 48,500 54,000 EA 54,000

S B Wheeler & Sons Ltd Metal

recycling - 14,538 - 25,000 WDI 14,000

The New Barn, J10 A1(M) Waste

treatment - - - 22,600 PP 9,860

Veolia Depot, Acrewood Way Transfer 52,975 55,843 70,000 50,000 PP 70,000

Pearce House, Acrewood Way Transfer - 41,028 - - WDI 42,000

Council Depot - St Albans (St Albans Road) Sandridge

Business Centre Transfer - 1,322 - 7,000 WDI 1,350

Harper Lane (Rail Loop) Waste

treatment - 20,650 - - PP 30,000

Harper Lodge Farm, Radlett Transfer - 29,806 - - PP 50,000

44



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

HWRC Harpenden (Dark Lane) Waste

treatment 4,268 5,128

8,000 PP 8,000

HWRC St Albans (St Albans Road)

Waste treatment

5,736 5,906 - 24,000 HCC 6,000

Redbournbury Special Waste Site

Waste treatment

33,793 60,627 - 76,950 PP 76,950

102 Leyden Road

Transfer - 7,321 - - WDI 7,500

Alchemy Metals Ltd, Cavendish Road

Metal recycling

- 18,307 - - WDI 18,500

Council Depot - Stevenage (Cavendish Road)

Transfer - 13,009 - 25,000 WDI 13,500

HWRC Stevenage (Caxton Way)

Waste treatment

9,733 9,259 - 12,000 HCC 10,000

Land off Leyden Road Waste

treatment - 3,630 - - WDI 3,650

Ultratec Ltd, Stevenage Waste

treatment 219 77 - 75,000 HCC 250

ASM Metal Recycling Centre Metal

recycling 12,126 12,124 - - WDI 13,000

ASM Metal Recycling Centre ELV facility - 6,343 - - WDI 6,500

HWRC Rickmansworth (Riverside Drive)

Waste treatment

5,855 6,290 - 24,999 WDI 6,500

HWRC Waterdale

Transfer 8,087 1,523 - 24,999 HCC 8,500

AAR, Langley Wharf, Kings Langley

Transfer 26 54 - - WDI 55

45



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

Waterdale Waste Transfer Station

Transfer 199,478 194,099 - 315,300 HCC 200,000

Blackbirds Farm Organic waste

treatment 8,000 3,820 8,000 - HCC 8,000

275 Sheepcot Lane, Watford (north and south)

Waste treatment

- 516 950 - PP 950

Colne Way Transfer - -

- (60,000tpa in application statement)

-

PP 60,000

Council Depot - Watford (Wiggenhall Road Industrial

Estate) Transfer 1,226 1,226 - 3,640 HCC 1,300

Burnside (Peter Brother's Ltd) Waste

treatment 18,000 18,430 25,000 - HCC 18,000

Burnside (BP Mitchell Ltd) Waste

treatment 3,947 3,947 - 154,000 HCC 4,000

Burnside (BP Mitchell Ltd) Waste

treatment - 13,890 - - WDI 14,000

Welwyn Garden City Hazardous Waste Treatment and Transfer

Facility

Waste treatment

7,628 7,995 - 52,000 WDI 8,000

Cattlegate Farm, Enfield Organic waste

treatment 12,130 13,475 - >75t/day PP 14,500

Cattlegate Farm, Enfield Waste

treatment 2,612 1,266 - 75,000 PP 10,500

46



(HCC)


(WDI)

Planning Permission

capacity (PP)

Env Permit capacity

(EA)


Capacity for CGR

Chas Storer Waste

treatment 85,000 - - - HCC 85,000

Tewin Road Depot

Transfer 5,969 5,473 - 24,999 HCC 6,000

Tewin Road Depot

Transfer - 8,889 - - WDI 9,000

Unit 2, Alpha Business Park, Welham Green

Metal recycling

- 7,082 - - WDI 7,500

WGC Metals (Bridgefields) ELV & metal

recycling - 7,652 - 25,000 WDI 8,000

Total 2,300,815

Documents

HERTFORDSHIRE WASTE LOCAL PLAN REVIEW Draft Capacity … · This Draft Capacity Gap Report (CGR) is intended to be read alongside the Hertfordshire ... paper). Instead, waste is mainly