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Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water Providers Jennifer Schmidt, GISP March 7, 2012 GIS Risk Analyses Results and Drinking Water Protection Geodatabase for the Clackamas River Watershed

Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Page 1: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water Providers

Jennifer Schmidt, GISP March 7, 2012

GIS Risk Analyses Results and Drinking Water Protection

Geodatabase for the Clackamas River Watershed

Page 2: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2

2

Presentation Outline

Project Background

Phase 1 (FY2010): Geodatabase Development

Phase 2 (FY2011): Water Quality Risk Analyses

GIS Risk Analyses Methods and Results

Watershed Emergency Response System

Next Steps

Page 3: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 3

3

PHASE 1: Geodatabase Development

Phase 1 (FY2010) Objectives

1. Facilitate project kick-off meetings to solicit stakeholder input.

2. Identify and gather GIS datasets related to drinking water quality in the Clackamas River watershed.

3. Construct a Drinking Water Protection geodatabase and user-friendly front end.

Page 4: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Phase 1 (FY2010) Results:

More than 100 GIS datasets gathered and processed from local, state, and federal agencies in 9 major categories

Close coordination with stakeholders such as DEQ and Clackamas County

Geodatabase to be hosted by City of Lake Oswego after completion of Phase 2

PHASE 1: Geodatabase Development

4

Page 5: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 1: Geodatabase Development

5

Zoning Canopy Cover

Page 6: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Page 7: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

PHASE 2: GIS Water Quality Risk Analyses

Phase 2 (FY2011) Objectives

1. Use GIS to assess threats to water quality from:

SEPTIC SYSTEMS

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES

URBAN EXPANSION

VULNERABLE SOILS

POINT SOURCE POLLUTANTS

FORESTRY ACTIVITIES

7

Page 8: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

PHASE 2: GIS Water Quality Risk Analyses

Phase 2 (FY2011) Objectives

2. Provide guidance on developing a GIS-based watershed emergency response system.

3. Prepare a final project report summarizing risk analyses results and conclusions.

4. Deliver project geodatabase and user front-end to the City of Lake Oswego and assist with implementation.

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Page 9: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: GIS Risk Analyses Design

Iterative approach to each risk analysis:

1. Prepare analysis approach outline based on literature review and coordination with Herrera scientists

2. Send outlines to stakeholders for review and input

3. Revise approach based on stakeholder feedback

Page 10: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Data-driven approach for identifying risk “hot spots” using these steps:

1. Identify spatial datasets that best represent risk.

2. Rank each dataset into low-to-high numerical categories.

3. Overlay and add the ranked datasets together to calculate cumulative risk.

PHASE 2: GIS Risk Matrix Approach

10

Dataset #1

Dataset #2

+

=

Dataset #3

Page 11: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Datasets Used

Sewer district and sewered city boundaries

Tax parcel boundaries

Sewer pipes and laterals

Soil and geology types

Surface water intakes

Potential contaminant sources (PCS)

Streams and waterbodies

Detailed property information, including lot size, number of bedrooms and bathrooms, and building age

PHASE 2: Septic System Analysis

Analysis Objectives:

1. Identify individual potential septic system locations at the parcel level.

2. Determine the likelihood and severity of septic system failure based on factors like age, density, and soil permeability.

3. Calculate aggregate septic system risk.

Page 12: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Phase 2: Septic System Analysis

Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria

Statistically-

significant septic

system clustering?

5 YES

4 ---

3 ---

2 ---

1 NO

Risk Factor #1: High-Density Septic System Clustering

Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria

Septic System

Count

5 > 3

4 3

3 2

2 1

1 0

Risk Factor #3: Number of Septic Systems per Two Acres

Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria

Septic System Age

(Years)

5 > 50 years

4 ---

3 25 – 50 years

2 ---

1 < 25 years

Risk Factor #2: Septic System Age

Measured Attribute Ranking Factor Ranking Criteria

Proximity to

Surface Water

Intake

5 1/8 mile

4 1/4 mile

3 1/2 mile

2 1 mile

1 > 1 mile

Risk Factor #4: Proximity to Surface Water Intake

Page 13: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Septic System Analysis

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Risk Factor #1: Septic System Clustering

+

Risk Factor #2: Potential Septic System Age

Risk Factor #3: Number of Septic Systems per

Two Acres

+

Risk Factor #4: Proximity to Surface Water

Intakes

=

CUMULATIVE SEPTIC SYSTEM RISK

+

Page 14: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Septic System Results

Page 15: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Datasets Used

Aerial photography (2009)

Crop type designations over 4 years (2008 – 2011)

Water rights points of use

Confined Animal Feed Operations (CAFOs)

Surface water intakes

Fish hatchery locations

Nursery locations

Average fertilizer, pesticide, and manure application rates by crop type from OSU Extension

PHASE 2: Agricultural Activities Analysis

Analysis Objectives:

1. Identify the locations of agricultural fields.

2. Assign crop types to each field.

3. Apply crop-specific pesticide and fertilizer application rates.

4. Map other agricultural activities (CAFOs, fish hatcheries, nurseries, etc).

5. Calculate aggregate agricultural activities risk.

Page 16: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Agricultural Activities Results

Page 17: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Urban Development Risk Analysis

Analysis Objectives:

1. Identify the extent and population density of existing urban areas in the Clackamas River watershed.

2. Develop an urbanization build-out estimate based on urban growth data, development constraints, and forecasted population data.

3. Calculate aggregate urban development risk.

Dataset

Aerial photography (2009)

UGBs (present and historic)

Census population statistics (2000 and 2010)

Census employment statistics (2000 and 2010)

City limits (present and historic)

Designated urban and rural reserve areas

Zoning data and comprehensive plans

Erosion and permeable sensitive areas

Wetland polygons

2009 – 2030 Urban Growth report

NLCD percent impervious cover

Page 18: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Urban Development Analysis Results

Page 19: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Vulnerable Soils Risk Analysis

Analysis Objectives:

1. Map datasets associated with soil vulnerability in the Clackamas River watershed.

2. Calculate potential soil loss rates using RUSLE.

3. Map historic landslide areas and areas at high risk for future landslides.

4. Calculate aggregate vulnerable soils risk.

Dataset

Aerial photography

Average annual precipitation

Erosion and permeability sensitive areas

Hydric soils

Historic landslide areas

Geologic hazard areas and fault lines

10-Meter Digital Elevation Model (DEM)

Steep slopes

Land use types including vegetative cover

Wetlands

Floodplains

Page 20: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Vulnerable Soils Results

Page 21: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Point Source Pollution Risk Analysis

Analysis Objectives:

1. Map point-source pollutants including permitted commercial and industrial facilities and storage tanks.

2. Use these locations to assess cumulative point source risk pollutant risk based on factors like: Facility type

Geographic concentration of discharge sources

Permitted discharge amount

Dataset

Aerial photography

Facility Profiler database output

Potential Contaminant Sources (PCS) from 2003 Source

Water Assessment

Underground Injection Control (IUC) locations

Storm Sewer Outfalls

Surface water intakes

Confined Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) locations

Office of State Fire Marshall (OSFM) Hazardous

Substance Information System (HSIS) list

Laboratory Analytical Storage and Retrieval Database

(LASAR) output

Page 22: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Point Source Pollutant Results

Page 23: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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Datasets Used

Private forest Notice of Operations submitted to the State Forester from 2006 through present

State and National forest timber sales information

Seasonal roadway shoulder herbicide application schedules

Potential contaminant sources (PCS) points

Aerial photography

PHASE 2: Forestry Activities Analysis

Analysis Objectives:

1. Map timber harvests in the Clackamas River watershed (2007 through 2017)

2. Map the locations of pesticide and fertilizer notices of operation on forest land.

3. Obtain and map seasonal roadway herbicide applications.

4. Calculate aggregate forestry activities risk.

CUMULATIVE RESULTS OUTPUT IN PROGRESS

Page 24: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System

Task Objectives:

1. Identify critical datasets and processes needed to implement a GIS-based watershed emergency response system.

2. Outline recommendations for a GIS system similar to what was developed by EWEB for the McKenzie Watershed.

3. Assess feasibility of integrating with existing ICWater GIS-based contaminant modeling and tracking system

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Page 25: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 25

PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System

Image courtesy of EWEB (Jan09)

Page 26: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 26

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PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System

Components of an Emergency Response System:

Identify sensitive natural, cultural and economic resources that are high priority to protect in the event of a spill.

Inventory response logistics such as equipment, command post locations, response contacts, etc.

Map reach-specific response strategies for first responders.

Model and assess risk such as contaminant travel time

Make all of this information available quickly and easily through GIS

Page 27: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

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PHASE 2: Watershed Emergency Response System

Page 28: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 28

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PHASE 2: Next Steps

Finalize Risk Analyses and Complete Project Report (April 2012)

1. Finalize risk analyses rankings

2. Feedback from presentation today will be used to help revise project report content

3. Project report will include:

Full methodology for all six GIS risk analyses including datasets used and known limitations

Analysis conclusions and discussions including trends and statistics

Memorandum dedicated to emergency response system recommendations

Page 29: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

WATER RESTORATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 29

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PHASE 2: Next Steps

Finalize Project Geodatabase (April 2012)

1. Upload risk analyses results to project geodatabase

2. Complete geodatabase web interface and coordinate with City of Lake Oswego on implementation

3. Provide metadata and guidelines for future geodatabase update

4. Provide training on geodatabase use to the CRWP

Page 30: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

Phase 2: Geodatabase and Web Interface

Geodatabase and Web Interface Functionality:

1. Quickly and easily map water quality datasets and risk analyses results at different scales.

2. Zoom in on areas of interest and view detailed attribute information.

3. Update datasets such as forestry activity notices and point source pollutant permits.

4. Hyperlink to other sources of data such as permits and water quality data hosted on the web.

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Page 31: Herrera Environmental Consultants Clackamas River Water ......Calculate aggregate urban development risk. 2009 Dataset Aerial photography (2009) UGBs (present and historic) Census

QUESTIONS?

Jennifer Schmidt, GISP Herrera Environmental Consultants

[email protected]