HERE WE ARE! We are students coming from the scientific high

school of Lodi, “Gandini”.

We join in this project called “C.L.I.L.”, trying to teach you something about

EVOLUTION.

by:

Lisa,Matilde,Giulia,Amina,Mattia,Danilo,Samuele,Alessandro,Agostino

C.L.I.L. project What does C.L.I.L. mean ?

Content

Language

Integrated

Learning

The Achievements

Science in English

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Learn about evolution, natural selection and darwinism

is a change in the genetic composition of

population during successive generations,

often resulting in the development of new

species.

TRAIT

SURVIVAL H A B I T A T

MUTATION

GENE IT’S A PART OF A CELL THAT IS

PASSED FROM GENERATION

TO GENERATION

AND THAT CONTROLS

PARTICULAR CHARACTERIS

TICS

REPRODUCTION IT IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING

A NEW ORGANISM

HERITABLE ALL THE

CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE PASSED FROM PARENTS TO

A CHILD THROUGH THE GENES

SURVIVAL CONTINUING TO LIVE ALTHOUGH

DANGEROUS SITUATIONS

MUTATION

THE WAY IN

WHICH GENES

CHANGE AND

PRODUCE

PERMANENT

DIFFERENCES

SPECIES A GROUP OF

PLANTS OR ANIMALS THAT ARE

THE SAME IN SOME

WAY

TRAITS A PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTIC THAT CAN PRODUCE A PARTICULAR TYPE

OF BEHAVIOUR

HABITAT

THE NATURAL EnVIRONMENT IN

WHICH AN ORGANISM USUALLY

LIVES

D N A A NUCLEIC ACID THAT CARRIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION IN

CELLS.

IT CONSISTS of TWO LONG CHAINS OF NUCLEOTIDES WITH

COMPLEMENTARy BASES,

-ADENINE AND THYMINE

-CYTOSINE AND GUANINE

THE GENETIC CODE

THE TRIPLETS FORMED

BY NUCLEOTIDES ARE

THE BASE OF THE

GENETIC CODE.

THIS CODE IS USED TO

TRANSLATE GENETIC

MATERIAL INTO

PROTEINS.

GENOTYPE and PHENOTYPE

WHICH IS THE DIFFERENCE?

GENOTYPE

GENE

PHENOTYPE

ALLEL =

a member of genes that controls one

specific trait on the chromosome

GENOTYPE: The entire set of genes in an organism. It is your complete heritable

genetic identity.

PHENOTYPE:

The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the

genotype and the environment.

«THEORY OF INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS»

An organism changes during his life and those changes, made by what they want or need, are passed on to its offspring

What about his theory?

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Beings evolve following thier necessity to adapt to different

environnement conditions

To adapt themselves, beings develope the use

of specific organs

Species modify their features to transmit them to the prole

The best example of Lamarck’s theory is about giraffes. Lamarck believed that giraffes stretched their necks to reach food. Their offspring and later

generations inherited the resulting long necks.

• From 1831-1836, a young naturalist called Charles Darwin toured the world in HMS Beagle. • He was surprised by the amazing diversity of life and started to wonder how it might have originated

THEORY OF EVOLUTION

BY DARWIN

It consisted of two points:

1. Evolution is the process by

which a group of animals

descended from one or a few

common ancestors

2. The mechanism by which

this evolution take place is

called natural selection

Natural Selection

This exemple teaches the meaning of Darwin’s natural selection. The birds with better beack, alive. The birds with a worse beak, die. So only the birds with better beack, still alive; other birds, will extinguish

The tree of life is a

metaphor used to

describe the

relationship between

organisms both living

and extinct.