Herb Writen Up

8/10/2019 Herb Writen Up

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Introduction

A herbaceous plant normally inbotanical use simply herb, is aplant that hasleaves andstems that

die down at the end of the growing season to the soil level. They have no persistent woody stem above

ground. Herbaceous plants may beannuals,biennials orperennials.

Annual herbaceous plants die completely at the end of the growing season or when they have

flowered and fruited, and they then grow again from seed. Herbaceous perennial and biennial plants

havestems that die at the end of the growing season, but parts of the plant survive under or close to the

ground from season to season meanwhile for biennials plant, until the next growing season, when they

flower and die.

New growth develops from living tissues remaining on or under the ground, includingroots,

acaudex which is known as a thickened portion of the stem at ground level or various types

ofunderground stems,such asbulbs,corms,rhizomes andtubers.

Besides, examples of herbaceous biennials includecarrot,parsnip andcommon ragwort.

Otherwise, herbaceous perennials includepeony,mint,mostferns and mostgrasses.

Some relatively fast-growing herbaceous plants, especially annuals arepioneers, or early-

success species. Others form the main vegetation of many stable habitats, occurring for example in the

ground layer offorests,or in naturally openhabitats such asmeadow,salt marshordesert.

Some herbaceous plants can grow rather large, such as theMusa genus, to which thebanana

belongs. The age of some herbaceous perennial plants can be determined by analyzing annual growth

rings in the secondary root xylem, a method calledherb chronology.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_stemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annual_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biennial_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perennial_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_stemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caudexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_stemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizomeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsniphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senecio_jacobaeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_(herb)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foresthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_marshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_(genus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bananahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bananahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbchronologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbchronologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bananahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_(genus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_marshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meadowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foresthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poaceaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mint_(herb)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senecio_jacobaeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsniphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizomeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_stemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caudexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_stemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perennial_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biennial_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annual_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_stemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botany


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History

Herbs are useful plants found in every culture of the world. There are several documentations

that prove that different herbs have been used for different purpose, such as herb for beauty, herb for

medical, herb for cooking and herb for spiritual, throughout the world and ever since history has been

recorded.

Herbal Medicine History

Herbal medicine is the oldest form of healthcare known to mankind. Herbs had been used by all

cultures throughout history. It was an integral part of the development of modern civilization. Primitive

man observed and appreciated the great diversity of plants available to him. Indeed, well into the 20th

century much of the pharmacopoeia of scientific medicine was derived from the herbal lore of native

peoples. Many drugs commonly used today are of herbal origin.

Examples, In 2735 B.C., the Chinese emperor ,Shen Nong wrote an authoritative treatise on

herbs that is still in use today. Shen Nong recommended the use of Ma Huang which is known as

ephedra in the Western world, for example, against respiratory distress. Ephedrine, extracted from

ephedra plant, is widely used as a decongestant. Moreover, The records of King Hammurabi of Babylon

(c. 1800 B.C.) include instructions for using medicinal plants. Hammurabi prescribed the use of mint for

digestive disorders. Modern research has confirmed that peppermint does indeed relieve nausea and

vomiting by mildly anesthetizing the lining of the stomach.

But in Malaysia, there are a lot of herb that can be found. One of the best example is Ginseng

herb has a long history of use as an alternative medicine going back over 5,000 years, and appears on

several continents (origin unknown), it is and was used extensively in Native American medicine. The

root is adaptogen, cardiotonic, demulcent, panacea, sedative, sialagogue, stimulant, tonic and

stomachic. Ginseng has been studied over the past 30 years in many countries, its remarkable ability to

help the body adapt to mental and emotional stress, fatigue, heat, cold, and even hunger.The major

constituents in Ginseng are Triterpenoidsaponins,Ginsenosides, which is at least 29 have been

identified, Acetylenic compounds, Panaxans, and Sesquiterpenes. Taken over an extended period it is

used to increase mental and physical performance. It is medicinal and therapeutic for the whole body


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Herbal Beauty History

According to records available, in ancient times, the Egyptians used plant extracts to redden

their lips and cheeks, outline their eyes as well as to massage and cologne their bodies. Women, in

ancient times, applied the pulverized leaves and seeds of herbs on their face, hair and all over theirbodies to make them appear more attractive and beautiful. They also consumed tonics prepared with

herbal extracts and topically applied the oils extracted from the herbs for various types of body

massages. The Romans also applied face packs prepared with herbs and soaked in baths perfumed with

flowers.

In India, Ayurveda has also been endorsing the use of herbs for beauty and healthy skin for more

than 5,000 years now. However, the fact remains that until the production of herbal cosmetics on a

mass scale and commercially became prevalent during this century, majority of the herbal beautyproducts were prepared in small measures at home using various natural ingredients. Despite the

commercial production of herbal beauty products, the skill of preparing them in the kitchen continues to

thrive. Until today, several people like by making their herbal cosmetic products at home, since it not

only helps to save money, but at the same time ensures that the ingredients being used are safe, natural

and unadulterated.

However in Malaysia, Cinnamon tree is very well known as beauty herbs and it also was known

to ancient physicians even before 2700 BC. The Chinese used the bark of this tree as a medicine. The

Romans also knew about the medicinal value of this bark. Eminent physicians like Galen, Dioscoredes

and Sasaferes described various uses of cinnamon. Indians knew about the therapeutic uses of this herb

before the 8th century.

Cinnamon is a native of Sri Lanka and tropical Asia. It has been cultivated from ancient times. It

appears to have reached Egypt and Europe by the fifth century BC. This tree occurs in south India up to

altitudes of 500 m but is more common at lower altitudes, even below 200 m.


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Herbal Cooking History

The tradition of using herbs to flavour foods is nothing new. It is, in fact, almost as old as the

human species itself. Archaeologists have found evidence which suggests that the earliest cooks used

parts of certain plants to season and improve the flavour of particular foods. Mustard seed was chewedwith meat, it seems, and the seeds of wild wheat and barley were sprinkled on other foods to add a

nutty taste. These herbs would have been found growing wild and the cultivation of herbs for culinary

use came much later.

In cooking, an herb is a tasty or fragrant plant use for adding fresh flavor to food. Types of herbs

commonly used in cooking include basil, mint, garlic, chives and rosemary. Rosemary is an example of a

cooking herb that is not an herb but an evergreen shrub. Other example, Basil also known as St. Josephs

Wort and sweet basil, is one of the most popular herbs used in cooking. It is a low growing herb withtender, light green large leaves. Basil, which is native to Asia and it also has in Malaysia. It has been

around for thousands of years and over the years the plant has been linked with cooking. The word basil

is a Greek word that means king. Hence, the word basil is still referred to as "the king of herbs" from

world-renowned chefs.

In Malaysia the parsley herbal plant is well known as herbal cooking plant. It is a very popular

erect, biennial herb which grows to a height of twelve inches. Rich, green, dense leaves form a rosette

base. Its aromatic leaves are used as culinary flavouring.


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Herbal Spiritual History

Every herb has spiritual meanings which have been handed down through the ages. In the past,

herbs and plants were an integral part of life and therefore had meaning on all levels. Some of the

spiritual meanings have come through different spiritual groups that used herbs in their spiritualpractices.

Flower lore is also another avenue for the uses of flowers and herbs in the past. In their spiritual

uses, herbs are not used internally but instead used in the bath, in rituals,perhaps just tucking a fresh

herb sprig under pillow. It just inhale and let the scent take somewhere within to human spiritual center.

Performing spiritual-cleansing ceremonies with herbs is common among many spiritual

traditions. According to Jane Alexander, a spiritual living expert, Chinese, Native Asian, Maori, Zulu and

Balinese are just a few of the cultures that continue to practice these ceremonies. In Malaysia, One of

the most common ways to cleanse with herbs is by smudging. Smudging involves immersing oneself or

an item in the smoke from a burning bundle of herbs.


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Common Herbs and Herbal Preparations

Herbal Medicine

Local Name: Misai Kucing

English Name: Ortosiphon Staming

Family Name: Labiateae

Scientific Name: Ortosiphon Staming

Uses: This type of herb, is very helpful in order to against serious disease. Example, high blood pressure,

diabetes, stone pain, and good for urine process

Method Of Use: Drink all the misai kucings plant boiled water. Take the part of plant from the root to

shoot

Habitat: Easily to find at the lowland forest and forest edge

Special Feature: The flower of this tree, look like cat mustache.

Method of propagation: By stem cutting method

Care Management:


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1. Keep the plants on a sunny window sill, preferably one with a southern view for maximum sun

exposure.

2. Herbs do not do well in cold weather

3. Water the fresh herb plants only when the soil is dry. Be sure they can drain thoroughly.

4. Trim or pinch back the center leaves of plants that have grown tall and spindly.

Local Name: Bangun-Bangun

English Name: Coeus Amboinicus

Family Name: Labiateae

Scientific Name: Plectranthus Amboinicus

Uses: It easily to cure disease like, cough, constipation, stomach ache, fever.

Method Of Use: Drink all the bangun-banguns plant boiled water.

Habitat: It live at open space

Special Feature: The leaf produce good smell and it also can be used as vegetable side dish.

Method of Propagation: By Stem Cutting Method

Care and Management:

1. Herbs grow best in well-drained soil and develop their most intense flavor if kept on the dry

side.

2. When watering, apply enough water to moisten the root zone at least 6 inches deep.


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3. Mulch around herbs to maintain even moisture and to reduce weeds.

4. Fertilize lightly with all-purpose fertilizer if growth is slow or weak, but avoid fertilizing on a

regular schedule

Local Name: Kacip Fatimah

English Name: Labisia Pumila

Family Name: Myrsinaceae

Scientific Name: Labisia Pumila

Uses: Suitable herb for pregnant women, cure piles, bone disease

Method Of Use:

1. Drink all the kacip fatimahs plant boiled water. Take the part of plant especially from the root

2. Besides that, the powder from this plant can also be use for piles treatment.

Habitat: Easily to find at the lowland forest and watery place.

Special Feature: It has green leaf and a red fruit stalks at the base of the stem

Method of Propagation: It grow by the seed


1. Water the fresh herb plants only when the soil is dry


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2. Weed the bed regularly to prevent weeds from overtaking the bed. Weeds are aggressive and

rapid growers that can quickly overshadow the herbs plant, robbing them of nutrients and

moisture. Pull them from the roots when they are small to avoid disturbing the roots of herbs.

Local Name: Pokok Gorek

English Name: Caesalpinia Bonducella

Family Name: Leguminosae

Scientific Name: Caesalpinia Bonducella

Uses: It is very suitable for maternity herb and patients who had high blood pressure disease

Method Of Use:

1. The roots of the plant can be used as maternity herb.

2. The inside of the fruit can be boiled and drink the boiled water for the cure high blood pressure.

Habitat: It can easily to be found at the low land area.

Special Feature: It is one of the herb plant type that has spiny root and the taste inside of the fruit is

bitter.

Method of Propagation: It grow by the seed


1. 1.It is need to provide water daily in order to keep the herb plants live healthy.

2. Weed the bed regularly to prevent weeds from overtaking the bed


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Local Name: Periuk Kera

English Name: Pitcher plant

Family Name: Nepenthaceae

Scientific Name: Nepenthes Gracilis Korth

Uses: It is best to grow hair, eyes pain, diarrhea, venomous bites, stone pain, high blood pressure.

Method of Use:

1. The liquid inside the periuk kera plant can be used in order to grow hair lost and cure the eyes

pain.2. Boiled the root and the stem to cure the diarrhea, stone pain and high blood pressure. The juice

taken from the stem also can be used to cure venomous bite from danger animal.

Habitat: Live in forest area, hill and montane forest

Special Feature: Chinese people believe that this plant can give good luck to them.

Method Of Propagation: It is grow by root section method


1. 1.The ideal locations for growing this plant are soggy areas.2. 2.Pitcher plants can tolerate low levels of humidity, during summers (growing season), high

humidity levels (60% and above) are required.

3. 3.Dilute the fertilizer (one teaspoon for one gallon of water) and spray on the foliage and not

inside the pitchers. Should not put meat inside the pitchers, but, can use small insects, like,

flies and crickets for this purpose.


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Culinary Herbal

Local Name: Daun Bawang

English Name: Spring Onion

Family Name:Amaryllidaceae

Scientific Name: Allium fistulosum

Uses:

1. Spring onion are often chopped and used an ingredient in various hearty warm dishes, although

onions can also be a more prominent ingredient

Method Of Use: Usually people use their leaf only in their dishes.


Special Feature: The leaf can give good smell on your cooking meal

Method Of Propagation: It is grown from seed


1. Prepare onion bed on an open sunny site that has good drainage.

2. 2. Dig in plenty of well rotted manure or, add lime if soil is acid, onions like a pH of between 6and 7

3. Sow the onion seeds very thinly into drills 13mm(1/2") deep, in rows 23cm(9") apart. Carefully

cover the onion seed with soil and gently water in. Germination will take approximately 21 days.

4. The pest that always beware is onion fly, eel worm, neck rot, white rot.


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Local Name:Ketumbar

English Name: Coriander

Family Name: Apiaceae

Scientific Name: Coriandrum sativum

Uses:

1. All parts of the plant are edible, but the fresh leaves (cilantro) and the dried seeds are the parts

most commonly used in cooking.

2. The word coriander in food preparation may refer solely to these seeds as a spice, rather than to

the plant itself.

Method Of Use: All the compartment include the leaf, the fruit and the root can be used for cooking


Special Feature:

1. The leaves are variable in shape, broadly lobed at the base of the plant, and slender and

feathery higher on the flowering stems.

2. In American culinary usage, the fruits ("seeds") are generally referred to as coriander, the leaves

as cilantro.

The Method Of propagation: It is grown from stem cutting method


1. Plant coriander seeds in a sunny spot, with some shade for the hottest afternoon sun if the

plants will be harvested for their leaves, as intense heat can cause the plants to flower and go to

seed more quickly. They grow best from seeds directly in the soil, as transplanting them can also

cause them to flower quickly.


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2. If the coriander leaves are to be harvested, the plants should be at least four-to-six-inches tall.

3. If the seeds of the plant are desired, it could take up to six months to harvest them. Wait until

the flowers have wilted and dried, then cut the stems with scissors. Place them head-side down

into a paper bag, and close the paper bag around the stems and tie with string. Hang upside

down for three weeks, and then the seeds can be harvested by simply shaking the paper bag.

Local Name: Jintan Manis

English Name: Anise


Scientific Name: Pimpinella anisum

Uses:

1. Anise is sweet and very aromatic, distinguished by its licorice-like flavor.

2. Anise as a moderately popular herb to flavor some dishes, drinks, and candies.

Method Of Use: Blend the anise and pour to your cooking dish.


Special Feature:

1. Anise is a herbaceous annual plant growing to 3 ft (0.91 m) tall.

2. Its flavor resembles that of liquorice, fennel, and tarragon.

Method Of Propagation: It is grown from seed


1. Seeds sown directly into the ground. Sow seed 1/2 inch deep outdoors. Does not transplant

well. Rows 2.5 to 3 feet apart.


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2. Anise seed will germinate more rapidly if sown near coriander. It has been shown that the

presence of coriander improves the actual seed formation of the anise plant.

3. This spindly plant needs protection from winds and plenty of sunshine to promote healthy

growth. Its fragile, tender seedlings do not transplant well. Add fertilizer only if the soil is

extremely poor, and add lime if the pH is very acidic. Water regularly in hot, dry weather,

preferably in late afternoon or evening to avoid scorching the plant.

4. After the flower umbels have become heavy with ripe brown seeds, cut the heads off before

they drop. Place them in a single layer on a paper towel or plate in a dry place. If possible,

expose to direct sunlight to allow the seeds to completely dry out. When the seeds are crisp and

dry, rub between palms to separate the seed from the hull, sieve to remove seeds from the

husks, and store in airtight containers.

Local Name: Daun sup

English Name: Parsley


Scientific Name: Petroselinum hortense

Uses:

1. Parsley is widely used in Middle Eastern, European, and American cooking

2. Curly leaf parsley is often used as a garnish

3. Green parsley is often used as a garnish on potato dishes (boiled or mashed potatoes), on rice

dishes , on fish, fried chicken, lamb or goose, steaks, meat or vegetable stews (like beef

bourguignon, goulash or chicken paprik)

Method Of Use: Usually people use their leaf only in their dishes



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Special Feature:

1. It grows as a biennial; in the first year, it forms a rosette of tripinnate leaves 1025 cm long with

numerous 13 cm leaflets, and a taproot used as a food store.

2. The seeds are ovoid 23mm long, with prominent style remnants at the apex

3. The plant normally dies after seed maturation

Method Of Propagation: It grow by stem cutting method.


1. The best time when to plant parsley seeds is to sow them indoors about six weeks beforehand

2. When planting parsley, simply sprinkle seeds on top of the soil and mist well with water.

3. It should begin harvesting parsley once the leaves start to curl.

4. For optimal flavor, pick parsley early in the day (morning hours) when the plants oil is strongest

Local Name:Pokok Kucai

English Name:Chives

Family Name: Amaryllidaceae

Scientific Name: Allium schoenoprasum

Uses: It is used for culinary purposes as flavoring herb, and provide a somewhat milder flavour

Method Of Use: Cop their leaf and pour into cooking dishes.


Special Features:

1. The chive is a bulb-forming herbaceous perennial plant, growing to 3050 cm tall

2. The bulbs are slender conical, 23 cm long and 1 cm broad, and grow in dense clusters from the

roots.


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BEAUTY HERB

Local Name: Lidah Buaya

Family Name: Xanthorrhoeaceae

Scientific Name: Aloe Vera

Uses:

1. It is promoted as a moisturizer for facial cream or cleanser

2. It also anti-irritant to reduce chafing of the nose of users suffering hay-fever or cold

3. Besides, soothing the skin, it also keeping the skin moist to help avoid flaky scalp and skin in

harsh and dry weather.

Method Of Use: Choose and extract the good quality of Aloe vera, then collecting their juice after doing

some process by industry.

Habitat:

1. This species has been widely cultivated throughout the world.

2. It also enables this species to survive in areas of low natural rainfall, making it ideal for rockeries

and other low-water use gardens

Special Feature:

1. Aloe vera is a very short-stemmed succulent plant growing to 60100 cm (2439 in) tall,

spreading by offsets.

2. The leaves are thick and fleshy, green to grey-green, with some varieties showing white flecks

on the upper and lower stem surfaces.

3. The margin of the leaf is serrated and has small white teeth.

Method Of Propagation: It is grow by stem cutting


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Care And Management:

1. It is only need to water this plant once every 2 weeks.

2. If the plant begins to outgrow its pot, like it probably will, simply transplant sections and place it

in another pot with dirt.

3. Aloe vera plants need bright light for its growth, but harsh sunlight can sometimes damage theleaves.

Local Name: Daun Pegaga

English Name: Pennywort Plant

Family Name: Mackinlayaceae

Scientific Name: Centella asiatica

Uses:

1. Centella asiatica has been used traditionally in the management of skin disorders.

2. The extract has also been included in anti-aging creams and other topical formulations useful in

retarding free radical mediated degenerative changes in the skin.

3. The extracts is good in superior anti-ageing cosmetics and in nurturing creams for sensitive and

dry skin.

4. Further applications are in the treatment of stretch marks and cellulitis.

5. Cosmetic action of Centella is always toning, emollient, purifying.

Method Of Use: Cop their leaf and pour into beauty purpose. It also can eat just like that.

Habitat: It is grows along ditches and in low wet areas


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Special Feature:

1. Small trailing herb.

2. Stems slender, prostrate, rooting at the joins.

3. Leaves alternate or tufted at each node.

4. Orbicular, round or kidney-shaped, obviously crenate.5. Inflorescence in single umbel.

6. Bearing 1-5 small flowers in white or reddish colour also without stalks

7. Fruit very small and compressed.

Method Of Propagation:

1. Simply cut off any length of plant at the leaf joint.

2. The cutting will use its pre-established roots to take hold in just a few days.


1. Temperature of the plant must be in between 64-79 F or 18-26 C

2. The pH of the soil must be 5 to 9

3. Select a sunny site for optimum growth of this plant although they can grow well in light shade.

4. Watery this plant twice a week at least in hot weather.

Local Name:Pokok Inai

English Name: Henna Trees

Family Name: Lythraceae

Scientific Name: Lawsonia inermis


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Uses:

1. Henna is cooling and specific for devitalized, fragile, fine hair. This ancient plant has a wonderful

conditioning and smoothing effect on the hair. This is an excellent hair conditioner and tonic.

2. Largely used as a hair dye when mixed with other natural dyes. It is dried and crushed into a fine

powder that is then mixed with oils and natural ingredients and applied to the skin.

Special Tips:

1. For an herbal hair bleach blend henna with orange, lemon and cucumber juice and apply to hair.

Always make sure the pH is adjusted to 5.5-6.0

Method Of Use: Cop their leaf and pour into beauty purpose.


Special Feature:

1. A branched deciduous shrub with 4-gonous lateral branches often ending in spines

2. The leaves are simple, opposite, entire, petioles very short or absent

3. The flowers are white, or rose-colored and fragrant.

4. The fruits globe capsules, tipped with the style and supported by the persistent calyx, seeds

numerous, smooth, pyramidal.



1. It does not thrive where minimum temperatures are below 11 C.2. Temperatures below 5 C will kill the henna plant.

3. Watery the plant twice a week in hot weather.


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Local Name:Kulit Kayu Manis

English Name: Cinnamon Plant

Family Name: Cinnamomum

Scientific Name: Cinnamomum burmannii

Uses:

1. It is important in the cosmetic and perfumery industries.

2. It is strongly stimulating to the skin and warms the body.

3. Cinnamon bark is a natural astringent known to suspend excess oil on oily skin or scalp

Method Of Use: It can be used on cosmetic either its bark or its powder.

Habitat: It can easily to be found at the low land area

Special Feature:

1. A moderate sized evergreen tree, 8-18 m in height and 50 cm in diameter with reddish brown

soft bark

2. Its having numerous small warts, leaves ovate or elliptic-ovate, shiny above, 3-5 ribbed from a

little above the base.

3. The side ribs ending about three- fourths up, the base usually rounded.

4. The flowers small in axillary or sub-terminal cymes or panicles.

5. The fruits ovoid berry, dark purple in colour having persistent perianth.

Method Of Propagation:

1. Cinnamon is harvested by growing the tree for two years then coppicing it. The next year, about

a dozen shoots will form from the roots.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamomumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamomumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamomum


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Special Feature:

1. An erect much branched softly undershrub, 30-60cm high with red or purple branches,

2. The leaves simple, opposite, elliptic, oblong, obtuse or acute, entire, serrate, or dentate, scent

on both sides, minutely gland dotted, petioles slender

3. It has hairy, flowers, purplish in elongate racemes in close whorls, stamens exerted, upper pair

with a small bearded appendage at the base,

4. The fruits is smooth, not mucilaginous when wetted.


1. Keep your basil plant in a sunny spot in your garden. Move it inside to a sunny windowsill when

the temperature gets below 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. Water regularly, but do not allow the soil to remain saturated. Repot or transplant if the soil is

not well-draining3. Fertilize 1 to 2 times a month with a liquid plant fertilizer. Any well-balanced fertilizer will do,

but avoid those designed to increase blooming.

4. Trim often by pinching center leaves. This will not only give you a tasty addition to your recipes,

but it will also help your plant to stay productive longer.

5. Remove any flower stalks. Once basil starts to bloom it will put all of its energy into flowering

instead of growing leaves.

6. Remove aphids with insecticidal soap, manually or with a blast of water.


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SPIRITUAL HERB

Local Name: Limau Purut

English Name: Lime

Family Name: Rutaceae

Scientific Name: Citrus aurantifolia

Uses:

1. In Islamic way, it is a substance which is one effort to cure diseases caused by disorders of Jinns

and black magic.

Method of Use: Usually use the fruit and its juice for the medication purpose.


Method of Propagation: It is grow by stem cutting.

Special Feature:

1. It is a globe fruit, 2.55 cm in diameter, that is yellow when ripe but usually picked green

commercially.

2. It is smaller, seedier, has a higher acidity, a stronger aroma.


1. Select an appropriate location for your lime tree in an area that gets at least 6 hours of full sun,

with deep, rich, well-drained soil with a pH of 6.0 to 8.0.

2. Remove any lawn grass in a circle 3 to 5 feet in diameter around the planting site. Dig the

planting hole 1 1/2 times wider around than the root ball, and about as deep.

3. Place the lime tree in the hole, making sure it is centered and straight. Backfill halfway, then

water enough to wet the backfill and settle it around the roots. Finish filling and tamp the soil.


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4. Construct a watering ring--or circle of soil 6 inches high and 8 inches thick--with a width slightly

wider than that of the planting hole. Fill the ring with water, and fill in any soil around the root

system that may have shifted

5. Water your new lime tree thoroughly three times the first week, and twice a week for the next

few weeks thereafter, depending on rainfall. After that, let soil dry to an inch down before

watering, and fill in the ring with water. In 4 to 6 months, the ring will dissolve and your lime

tree will be established.

6. Fertilize the lime tree with granular fertilizer when it begins its new growth the following spring,

and every month thereafter through October. Use one cup of 8 to 3 percent nitrogen the first

year, 2 cups the second year, and 4 cups the fourth year. Scatter the fertilizer on the ground at

least a foot from the trunk, and water well.

7. Mulch the grass-free area around your lime tree, making sure to keep mulch at least a foot from

the trunk of the tree. Use a pre-emergent herbicide in the spring to keep weeds from

germinating in this area.

Local Name:Pokok Sintok

Other Name: Beluru

Family Name: Leguminosae

Scientific Name: Entada Spiralis

Uses:

1.Akar Sintok help to speed up matchmaking knot barrier, opening the dark until the light flashes of light

will attract the opposite sex. But it is all up to Almighty.

2.Give energy to women who had premature cycle.

Method Of Use: Boiled the root and drink the boiled water

Habitat: : Easily to find at the lowland forest and forest edge


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Special Feature: It is a woody climbing plant stem.

Method of Propagation: It is grow by seed.

Local Name: Pokok Gaharu

Other Name: Karas, Engkaras, agar wood, aquilaria, krasna, agaloca,aloeswood, eaglewood, jinkoh

Scientific Name:

Aquilaria malaccensis

Family Name: Thymelaeaceae

Uses: In Islamic way, people tend to make gaharu as a fragrance for died people

Method Of Use: Boiled the gaharu wood, then make used the boiled water for spiritual purpose

Habitat: The plants that grow in tropical rain forests, especially in the lowlands up to the area up to 270

meters height above sea level

Special Feature:

1. It has 40m height

2. The diameter of the stem tree is 60m

3. It can survive in all soil types except the marsh and water.


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Local Name: Pokok Mambu

English Name: Margosa Trees

Other Name: Semambu,bambu,laksamana,neem

Scientific Name: Azadirachta Indica

Family Name: Meliaceae

Uses:

1. This tree is popular for the people of India and used in prayer. It is also known by the name of

god mother sakhti or india.

2. Indian society also believes the leaf can be used to drive the ghost, that is why most Indian

homes have this.3. This crops are widely used in india people folk rituals

Habitat: Usually this plant grow at the shade place ,and always found aside of the road side

Method of Use: People usually used the leaf for spiritual purpose.

Special Feature:

1. When the plant reach the matured stated it can reach a height of 3 to 5 meters.

2. This plant requires enough sunlight to grow.

Method of Propagation: It is grow by stem cutting and seedling


1. Water the margosa plant during the warmer months, allowing the surface of the soil to dry out

between watering. Apply enough water to thoroughly moisten the soil and allow all excess

water to drain away


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1. Select a container for rosemary tree that has holes for drainage and is at least 1 to 2 inches

larger in diameter than the pot it came in.

2. Put a few handfuls of potting soil into the new container. Remove rosemary tree from its

original pot, if necessary, and place it in the pot you have selected. Fill the container withpotting soil. Pat the surface of the soil with your hands to ensure it is firmly packed.

3. Place the pot in a sunny location. Only put the pot outdoors if you are sure temperatures will

not dip below 40 degrees F. Otherwise, keep in a bright, well-ventilated room

4. Water rosemary tree only when the soil feels dry. Overwatering is a common mistake, and will

cause leaves to turn brown.

5. Remove any dried-out or dead branches as necessary.


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Summary and Conclusion

After im finish up all my herb writing up individual assignment, I can made conclusion that, my

knowledge about herb plant going better. The knowledge about the specific name of the each plant,

their family plant name, belong to what kingdom and their other name according to different races and

nation. I also know about their habitat, where they can found, and last but not least their uses to human

being.. Examples, Misai Kucing plant normally known as plant that can very helpful in order to against

serious disease. Example, high blood pressure , diabetes, stone pain, and good for urine process.

Meanwhile, Henna trees, is well known for beauty purpose. Henna is cooling and specific for devitalized,

fragile, fine hair. This ancient plant has a wonderful conditioning and smoothing effect on the hair. This

is an excellent hair conditioner and tonic. From this examples, we can see that, different plant have

different benefit to human.

Im also can get knowledge about plant special feature and their method of propagation. Some plant

grow by cutting stem, but the others maybe grow by seed or just live in open space. From this, we can

made conclude that, if we do not study and made research of this plant, we cannot manage to identify

and know about their details better. Our old folks already used them in ancient time, thats mean their

benefit to human is not doubt anymore.

Besides that, by this research I manage to know herb plant with proper care and management. The

sources from internet and books helps me a lot to understand their care tips besides our lectures note.

Different herb plant have different approach to care them.


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References

(Internet Source)

http://www.herbs2000.com/h_menu/1_cooking.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herb www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htm

http://www.ehow.com/list_6952054_herbs-spiritual-cleansing.html

nspiredathome.com/herbanliving/herbs_spices/spiritual_qualities.htm

http://www.herbpalace.com/alternative-medicine/herbal-medicine.html

http://www.gardenguides.com/104351-herbal-plant-identification.html

http://malaysia-herbs-pharmacy.blogspot.com/

http://www.vitaminsdiary.com/herbs/cinnamon.htm

http://www.ns.gov.my/jabatan/hutan

http://www.forestry.gov.index.my/melaka/index.html

www.melur.com

http://www.ehow.com

(Magazines)

Risalah Taman Botanikal Melaka, Perbandaran Hang Tuah Jaya, Melaka

Agrobitz ,Edisi Sabtu 26 November 2011

(Books)

HANITA HASSAN 2007, Buku Taman Botanikal Melaka, Perbandaran Hang Tuah, Melaka

MOHD AFENDI HUSSIN, ADNAN MOHAMMAD, AZAHARI MOHD YUSOFF, AHMAD AZARUDIN

MOHD NOOR,AHMAD NAZARUDIN MOHD ROSELI 2006, Tumbuhan Hiasan Untul Landskap,

Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysis (FRIM) Selangor.

BOO CHIH MIN, KARTINI OMAR HOR,OU YANG CHOW 2006, Second Edition, 1001 Garden in

Plant in Singapore, National Park, Singapore.
http://www.herbs2000.com/h_menu/1_cooking.htmhttp://www.herbs2000.com/h_menu/1_cooking.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://www.ehow.com/list_6952054_herbs-spiritual-cleansing.htmlhttp://www.ehow.com/list_6952054_herbs-spiritual-cleansing.htmlhttp://www.herbpalace.com/alternative-medicine/herbal-medicine.htmlhttp://www.herbpalace.com/alternative-medicine/herbal-medicine.htmlhttp://www.gardenguides.com/104351-herbal-plant-identification.htmlhttp://www.gardenguides.com/104351-herbal-plant-identification.htmlhttp://malaysia-herbs-pharmacy.blogspot.com/http://malaysia-herbs-pharmacy.blogspot.com/http://www.vitaminsdiary.com/herbs/cinnamon.htmhttp://www.vitaminsdiary.com/herbs/cinnamon.htmhttp://www.ns.gov.my/jabatan/hutanhttp://www.ns.gov.my/jabatan/hutanhttp://www.forestry.gov.index.my/melaka/index.htmlhttp://www.forestry.gov.index.my/melaka/index.htmlhttp://www.melur.com/http://www.melur.com/http://www.ehow.com/http://www.ehow.com/http://www.ehow.com/http://www.melur.com/http://www.forestry.gov.index.my/melaka/index.htmlhttp://www.ns.gov.my/jabatan/hutanhttp://www.vitaminsdiary.com/herbs/cinnamon.htmhttp://malaysia-herbs-pharmacy.blogspot.com/http://www.gardenguides.com/104351-herbal-plant-identification.htmlhttp://www.herbpalace.com/alternative-medicine/herbal-medicine.htmlhttp://www.ehow.com/list_6952054_herbs-spiritual-cleansing.htmlhttp://www.ehow.com/how_2094503_use-herbs-natural-beauty.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbhttp://www.herbs2000.com/h_menu/1_cooking.htm


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Herb Writen Up