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H.EPATITISB'VACCINE( v'rHA r vi0 U N:E~,D! -';0 I K NOW)

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CD Whatis hepatitis~? ) . 2 HE1pa.titisB 'vaccine: Whyget" " vaccinated?

Hepatitis B is a serious disease,t~at affect~die liver. 'It is causedby the hep'atitisB vi~us(HBV). HBVcan cause:

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Acute (short-term) illness. Thi~ can lead to:. lossof appetite. diarrhea and vomiting. tiredness . jaundice (){ellowskin or eyes).pain in muscles, join!ts, and stomachI ,

Acute illness is more dommon among adults.Children who become infected u$uallydo not have .!

acute illness. ii .

Chronic (long-term) infection. Some people go onto developchronic HBV infectioh. This ,canbe veryserious, and often lead~to:.liver dlimage(cirrho~is) .liver cancer. death,Chronic infection is m;orecommon among infants

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and children than among adults.; People who areI . I )

infected can spread HBV to others, even if they don'tappear si,ck.

. In 2005,about 51,000peoplebecame infected withhepatitis B. I

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. About 1.25million people in the United Stateshave chronic HBV infection. :

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.. Each year about 3,00,0to 5,000 (people die fromcirrhosis or liver can~er caused by HB\T.

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Hepatiti~B virus is spread through contact with theblood or other body fluids of an infected person. A;person can become infected by: i ' i-contaft with a mot*er's bloo~ and body fluids a~

the time of birth; i I, ,-contact with blood and body fluids through

breaks in the skin such as bites, cuts"or sores;I I , (

- contactwith objectsthat coulq havebloodor bodyfluids' on them such' as toothb*ushes or razors; !

-havingunprotected sexwith ah infectedperson;-sharing needles when injectin~ drugs;-being stuck with a ~sed needre on the Job.

H~patitis B vaccine cJn prevent hepatitis B, and

the serious consequenc~sof HBV infection, includingliver cancel-:,andcirrhosis.

Rqutine hgpatitis B va~cinationof U.S.childrenQeganin 1991. Since then, the reported incidence ofabfirlehepatitisB amon~childrenand adolescents, , . i'.'" .Ha~droPP'~dbyjmoret~an 95%- and by 75%in allage gr. ou ps~ I I

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HepatitisB vaccineis ~ade from a part of the hepatitisB virus. It 'cannotcaus~HBV infection.,

H~patitis B'vaccine is usually given as a series of 3o,r,4shots:, 'This vacciQeseries gives long-termpr()tection:lfrom!HBV infection, possibly lifelong.

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Whp s'houl~ get hepatitis Bvaocine and when?

C;i'~ren ~~d ~doles~ents, , ,

" All children should get their first dose of hepatitisB vacci~eat birth a4d should have completed the

I Faccine,~erie~ by 6-118months of age. !. , . ~,:. ,.

.! thildrep'and adolestents through 18 years of

'age whdi~id not get the vaccine when they wereyounger'should also rhevaccinated.! ' " ; ,

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~~ults ,II! - Ii" . . ,.' ,.!Ain unvaccimitedadults at risk for HBV i'nfection.' . I ,

~hould 1:\~vaccin*eq. This includes: ;, J sex pJrtners ofpe6ple infected with HBV,

: .;men ~ho have se~with men,-peop~F:'who inject!lstreet drugs,~ people'with morelithanonesexpartn~r,!

, "t people with chronic liver or kidney disease,. people"with jobs that expose them to human

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- houselioldlcontacts of people infected with HB\T,f residgl'ltsand staff in institutions for die~ I !. I I

, deve~opmentally disabled,~ kidney dialysis pJtients,I " "" ,

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-peoplewho travel to countries where hepatitisB is common,

-people with HIViinfection.

Anyone elsewho wants to be protected from HBVinfe.ctionmay be vaccinated. !

4 Who should NOTget hepatitisB vaccine? ."

. Anyonewith a life-threatening allergyto baker'syeast, or to any other component of the vaccine,should not get hepatitis B vaccine. Tell yourprovider if you have any seve~eallergies.

. Anyonewho has hap a life-threatening allergicreaction to a previous dose of hepatitis B vaccineshould not get another dose. '

. Anyonewho is moderately or severely ill when adose of vaccineis scheduled should probably waituntil they recoverbefore getting the vaccine.

Yourprovider can giv~you mor~ information aboutthese precautions.

Pregnant womenwho ~eed protection f~omHBVinfection may be vaccinated.

@ Hepatitis Bvaccine risks.I

Hepatitis B is a very safevaccine. Most people donot have any problems with it.

The followingmild problems have been reported:

. Sorenesswhere the shot wasgiven (up to about 1person in 4).

. Temperatureof 99.9°Por higher (up to about 1personin 15). i i

Severe problems are ~xtremelyrare. Severeallergicreactions are believed to occur about once in 1.1million doses.

A vaccine, like any medicine, could cause a seriousreaction. But the risk of a vaccinecausing seriousharm, or death, is extremelysmall. More than 100million people have gotten hepatitis B vaccinein theUnited States.

6 I What if there is a moderate orsevere rea~tion?What should I look for? ,

. Any unusual condition, such as a high feverorbehavior changes. Signs of a serious allergic

, I.reaction 'can include :difficultybreathing, hoarse-

ness or wheezing,hites, paleness, weakness,a fastheart beat or dizzine!,s.

tWhat should I do? i. Call a doctor,or get the person to a doctor right

awa~ !I

~Tell your doctor wh* happened, the date and timei it happened, and whtn the vaccination wasgiven.. Ask your doctor, nurjse,or health department to.report the reaction br filing a VaccineAdverseEvent R~port~ngSys~em(VAERS)form.

Or you can file this rFPort through the VAERSweb site at www.vaers.hhs.gov.or by calling1-800-822:-7967. :

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VAERS does not provide medical advice.

7 The Nation.1 Vaccine InjuryCqmpensation Program

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In the event that you or your child has a seriousreaction to a vaccine, a federal program has beencreated to help pay for ithecare of those who have, ,been harmed.

For details about the NlitionalVaccineInjuryCompensationFrogrant, call 1-800-338-2382or visittheir websiteat www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation.

C!J How can I I,arn more?. Ask your doctor or nhrse. They can give you the

vaccinepackage inse~tor suggestother sources ofI "

information.

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. Call your local or state health department.

. Contact the Centers for Disease Control and:Prevention (CDC): :i .. i'- Call 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO)

-, Visit cbc website~at:

, www.c.dc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitisJwww.cdc.gov/vacc.neswww.cdc.gov/travel

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~~ E"-,~:::j, ' ,'DII:PARTMItNT ,OF HEALTH AND HUMAN .-;RVIC..

C:ENTERSi FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION, ,

Vaccine Information Statement (Interim)Hepatitis 131(7118/07) 42 V.S.C. § 300aa-26

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