Hepatic problems in farm animal by Prof. Ali sadiek

11Ali SadiekAli Sadiek

Diseases of the Liver in farmDiseases of the Liver in farmanimalsanimals

ByByDr. Ali H. SadiekDr. Ali H. Sadiek

Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Laboratory DiagnosisLaboratory Diagnosis

Dept. of Animal MedicineDept. of Animal MedicineFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

AssiutAssiut UniversityUniversity-- AssiutAssiut, EGYPT, EGYPT

EE--mail: [email protected]: [email protected]

Ali SadiekAli Sadiek 22

Function of liver

• Maintenance of normal blood sugar by providing the source as glycogen.

• Synthesis of some of the pl. proteins.

• The formation and excretion of bile salts and excretion of bile pigments.

• The formation of prothrombin.

• Detoxification and excretion of many toxic substances.



Liver DiseasesLiver Diseases

• Primary diseases of the liveroccurs rarely in farm animalsexcept as a result of foodpoisonings and Fatty liver.

• Liver dis. occurs secondary togeneralized disease process or byspread from another organs e.g.Lung abscess, T.B. RVF, etc.


Liver DiseasesLiver Diseases

Liver diseases either:

• Localised: T.B. Cysts, Abscess

• Diffused: Hepatitis or hepatosis.

• Inflammatory or Non Inflam.


Signs of liver andSigns of liver and billiarybilliary diseasedisease

1- Jaundice

2- Nervous signs.

3- Edema.

4- Dig. Troubles (Diarrhea/constipation)

5- Photosensitization.

6- Hemorrhagic diathesis.


Signs of liver andSigns of liver and billiarybilliary diseasedisease

7- Abd. Pain.

8- Change of Liver size.

9- Displacement of liver.

10- Rupture of liver.

11-Black liver in sheep.

12- Anorexia, vomition, emaciation,anemia


JaundiceJaundice• It is a clinical sign in which yellowish

staining of tissues and membranes, especially elastic tissue.

• It is clinically detected clinically in the sclera & other visible m. m.

• It is often arises in diseases of the liver and billiary system and other disease e.g. hemolysis of RBCs or hemorrhage.

• It is classified as: Prehepatic, hepatic nad posthepatic jaundice.


Classification of jaundice:Classification of jaundice:A) Pre-hepatic (Hemolytic Jaundice):

1- Bacterial toxins (Bacillary Hb urea and leptospirosis).

2- Babesia and Anaplasma.

3- Viruses (Equine anaemia virus).

4- Immunological reactions.

5- chronic copper toxicity.

6- Lead toxicity.

7- Onion posoning.


Classification of jaundice:Classification of jaundice:B) Hepatic causes: (Hep. jaundice)

1-Toxic hepatitis (phosphorus, arsenic).

2-Infectious hepatitis (salmonell., leptosp., listeriosis and inf. Eq. anaemia ).

3-Parasitic hepatitis (Massive liver fluck. Migration of ascaris larvae).

4-Nutritional hepatitis (Deficiency of cystineand thiamine & Methionin deficiency

5-Congestive hepatitis.


Classification of jaundice:Classification of jaundice:

C) Post hepatic causes: (Obstructive)

Obstruction of bile duct by :

• Calculi,

• Tumors

• Abscess.

• Fasciola


Bottle jawBottle jaw


Jaundice in a horse's oral mucosaJaundice in a horse's oral mucosa. .


Numerous flukes of Numerous flukes of FasciolaFasciola hepatica observed in hepatica observed in the bile ducts and liver parenchyma of a cowthe bile ducts and liver parenchyma of a cow


PhotosensitizationPhotosensitization


Teats are "burned" and painful

Burned" muzzle, discharges from inflamed eyelids


PhotosensitizationPhotosensitizationwhite of the eye" is yellow or icteric, an indication that liver

damage may be present


Normal liver and fatty liverNormal liver and fatty liver


Watery cysts in liverWatery cysts in liverHydatid cysts in bovine liver.


Abdominal edema caused by liver disease

Multiple abscesses in the calf liver as a result of an umbilical

infection


EchinococcosisEchinococcosis. . EE. . granulosusgranulosuscysts in the livercysts in the liver

parasitic lesion & mineralization sheep

liver


Principals Treatment of liver diseasesPrincipals Treatment of liver diseases

1)Treat the original cause if it is known.2)In biliary congestion, give purgatives:

R (for horses) Aloes 18.00Calomel 4.00one bolus per os

R (for cattle)Magnesium sulphate 60.00 gmSodium bicarbonate 30.00 gmSodium citrate 10.00 gm

given orally as a drench in suffecientwater for 5 successive days.

.


Principals Treatment of liver diseasesPrincipals Treatment of liver diseases3) Atropin sulphate i.m. (1/4 - 1/2 grain for the

horse and 0.001 - 0.002 grain for dogs) to dilate the bile duct .

4) Flush the liver with large quantities of glucose

5) Oral and parentral calcium injection.6) Multivitamins daily.7) Easily digest. laxative food (boiled linseed

and little fodder for horses and cattle & barley water for dogs).

8) Lipotrophic factors should be given as choline

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Hepatic problems in farm animal by Prof. Ali sadiek