helping children thrive

Climate Change, Food Security and Resilience:On-the-ground experience

Sohel Khan, Sr. Advisor, Food Security & Environmental Sustainability

May 10, 2016

Sustainable Development Goals

• Every night 1 in 7 people go to bed hungry--- that’s about 1 billion people worldwide

• 60% of the hungry are women and girls

• 870 million people estimated to be undernourished (not enough food)

• Another 1 billion estimated to be malnourished (not having right food)

• 60% of those malnourished are food producers (small holder farmers)

FAO, 2012

Reality Today

• Today the world produces about 4 billion tons of food per year, or about 6 quadrillion calories for 7 billion people,

• By 2050, the world will need about 60% more calories per year in order to feed a projected 9 billion people,

FAO, 2012

How will we produce enough food to meet this growing demand?

Future Reality

Climate change is altering the face of disaster risk, not only through increased weather related risks and sea-level and temperature rises, but also through increases in societal vulnerabilities, for example, from stresses on water availability, agriculture and ecosystems.

UNISDR, 2014

The Changing face of risks

Global trend: Increasing rate of climate induced disasters

UNISDR, 2013

El Niño contributing to the worst drought in 60 years in Ethiopia

Around 75 percent crop losses in eastern and central Ethiopia due to El Niño-related poor 2015 rainfall more than half a million livestock deaths have been seen and more than 1.7 million livestock are found

at risk.WFP, December 2015

Challenges for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia and Ghana

Women are the most affected population to Climate Change

Increase frequency and intensity of Drought and Flood Increased Pest & Disease outbreaks More land degradation More erratic rain (Intense, but shorter duration rain) Reduced productivity of staple and high-value crops (Quantity

& Quality) More livestock disease and death Availability and Accessibility to water

Three Pillars for Food Security;• Availability : enough food • Access : enough income, affordability, market • Utilization : enough knowledge, nutritious food, clean

water…..

Fourth Pillar • Stability!! Resilience to shocks and stresses

Could we ensure Food Security with this changing

environment ?

Integration of Resilience aspects at the project level

Examples from CFTC’s projects in Ghana and Ethiopia

Local level Risk and Vulnerability Identification, and risk Communication

Gender Responsive Community-based Risk, Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment

Climate Change Forum, Addis, Ethiopia

• Conservation agriculture to improve soil quality and productivity

• Provide drought tolerant Seeds/seedlings

• Re-introduce traditional seed varieties

• Drought-tolerant, nitrogen-fixing trees are planted to rebuild the soil

Introduce Climate Resilient agriculture

Access to Weather information

Climate Change Forum, Addis, Ethiopia

Weather information

• Forecast on the likelihood of

rainfall, timing and intensity

• Sent out information in the

morning which may value for two

days

• Adding monthly and seasonal

outlooks of weather

• Information provided is for a 9km radius

Future proj

ection

Toads Black Ants Termites Army Worms Earth Worms Snails

Tortoise Crickets Butterflies Cattle Egrets Baobab Dawadawa

Shea Tamarind Red Berries Acacia gods Dew

Stocktaking of Indigenous weather forecasting indicators

Operation/activity Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Monthly rainfall (mm) 0 2 12 46 85 132 174 249 159 65 14 1Clearing

Land Preperation

Planting

Filling In

1st Weeding

Fert. Application (1st)

2nd Weeding

Transplanting/

Top Dressing

Re-shaping/Earthen up

Harvesting

Drying&Processing

Storage

Cropping Calendar for 2014 Agricultural Season for Bolgatanga (effective within 50Km radius)

Climate Change Forum, Addis, Ethiopia

Natural Resource Management

• Changes in forest use practice through diversified livelihood

• Re-forestation

• Smallholder forest gardens

• Nurseries for vegetables and Forestry

• Community Forest fire protection

Introduction of Aquaculture

• Diversification of agriculture practice

• Income diversification

Awareness Raising: Food & Environmental Safety

Introducing Technologies (Environmental Co-benefits)

Replaced traditional stoves with energy saving stoves

Solar powered lantern

Introduction of Bio-gas for HH and commercial use (Environmental Co-benefits)

Community latrine Bio-gas

Improving Water Accessibility

• Flexible water storage options

• Improving watershed management

• Rain water harvesting

• Water testing kit

Effective partnership and collaboration

• Establish long-term working relationship with, government, academic and research institutes

• Promote public-private partnership

• Knowledge sharing and policy dialogue

CELL PHONES(Extension Promoters)

TABLETS

(Field Staff)

CLOUD (Drop Box)

- Promotes real-time data

- Eases access for multiple users

SMART PHONE

(M&E OFFICER)DATABASE

(Access & Excel)

MAPSREPORTS

PAPER

(Field Staff)

Tracking the result (M&E)

Data Collection Tools

Profiles

•HH

•Group

Activity Tracking

•Asset transfer

•Trainings

•Construction

HH, Group, Market Visits

•Asset management

•Follow-up support

•Market Information

Functionality

•Poultry

•Small Ruminants

•Pre/Post Harvest

• Irrigation

•Group Management

•HH Gender Action Plan

•Training Assessment

Evaluation

•Annual Survey

•Longitudinal Survey

•FSDS

Lessons and recommendations

• Understanding of risk critical

• Poor (or No) system to track environment related results

• Strengthen internal capacity to integrate Environmental/CC issues

• Build partnership spirit with government

• Resilience building is key to sustain result

• Climate Change should be addressed as stand-alone and cross cutting

issue

• Facilitate fund access for local level climate change initiatives

• Balance approach to adaptation and mitigation addressing climate

change at the ground level

Question?