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Helen E. Dahlke, Zachary M. Easton, Daniel R. Fuka, Nalini S. Rao, Tammo S. Steenhuis

Helen E. Dahlke, Zachary M. Easton, Daniel R. Fuka, Nalini S. Rao, … · Total runoff and the saturated portion of the watershed is a function of amount of precipitation If rainfall

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Helen E. Dahlke, Zachary M. Easton, Daniel R. Fuka, Nalini S. Rao, Tammo S. Steenhuis

Northeastern US Variable Source Areas

• Near stream areas,  and areas with shallow soils over a slowly permeable glacial till or bedrock produce the majority of runoff

• Hydrology is, to a great extent, driven by topography

VSA  CHARACTERISTICS

Total runoff and the  saturated portion of the  watershed is a function of amount of precipitation

If rainfall > ET, soil wets up

MODELING VSA HYDROLOGY

If rainfallexcess

 > soil storage,  overland flow

SPPQ

e

e

+=

2

Modeling approaches:

⎟⎟⎠

⎞⎜⎜⎝

⎛⋅⋅

=DK

A

sβλ

tanln

Soil topographic wetness indexSteenhuis et al. 1995, Walter et al. 2000

Hillside Modeling with Darcy

Knowledge of location of VSA is crucial for control of non-point source pollution

VSA HYDROLOGY AND BMP PLACEMENTVSA HYDROLOGY AND BMP PLACEMENT

Existing models often require extensive expertise and effort to be used on a routine basis for BMP planning

Need of maps of distributed runoff over the landscape for each storm

Spatial predictions that can be used to direct manure spreading schedules

• Develop a tool that readily indicates the likelyhood of runoff generation (and saturation)

• Spatially based and easy to use

• easily accessible, but scientifically sound

INTERACTIVE WEB TOOL ‐ CONCEPT

BACKGROUNDPROCESSING

GIS

• Topographic index• Administrative and infrastructural data

• Air photographs

INPUTTmax, Tmin, Pobs

Bedrock reservoir

Evaporation

Hydrologically sensitive area

root zone

runoff

deep percolation

snowmelt module(Pcalc)

Streamflow

OUTPUTHSA extent and 

dynamic

DEM

Soil Topographic Index

HYDROLOGICAL MODEL

APPLICATION IN SALMON CREEK

WATERSHED HYDROLOGY

SATURATION PROBABILITY

HSAs vs. BMP LOCATIONS

Thankyou !

Tammo Steenhuis: [email protected]

Helen Dahlke: [email protected]

Contact: