HEHIHB EU network

HEHIHB EU network

W. ScandaleCERN Accelerator Technology Department

(Thanks to L. Rossi and F. Ruggiero)

23 February 2004

Walter Scandale - 23 February 2004 - Collège de France - Paris2

High Energy High Intensity Hadron Beams (HEHIHB): F.Ruggiero (replacing H.Haseroth)(CERN) /W.Scandale (CERN)

Advancements in Accelerator Magnet Technologies (AMT):L.Rossi (CERN) / L.Bottura (CERN)

Novel Methods for Accelerator Beam Instrumentation (ABI): H.Schmickler (CERN) /K.Wittenburg (DESY)

Accelerator Physics and Synchrotron Design (APD): F.Ruggiero / F.Zimmermann (CERN)

HEHIHBThe structure


Roadmap towards future Hadron AcceleratorsColliders with energy above 14 TeVColliders with luminosity above 2.6 1034 cm-2 s-1 R&D for future hadron acceleratorsExperiments in existing hadron acceleratorsSelect technologies providing viable options

Prepare the infrastructure for future collaborationsIntegrate the effort of major laboratoriesIntegrate the effort of small labs and universities

Disseminate informationCreate an information networkDiscuss improvements for existing hadron colliders in

Europe

HEHIHBThe scope


HEHIHBThe budget

CERN is also responsible for the contacts with the following associated institutes: CRPP, ENEA, TUBE, ESRF, UPSA, LBNL, BNL, FNAL, JINR, IHEP, KEK

AllocatedEU funds

Total Mater. Person. Total Mater. Person. Total Mater. Person.(MEur) (MEur) (m-y) (MCHF) (MCHF) (m-y) (MCHF) (MCHF) (m-y)

CARE NA1 ELAN 0.68 0.081 0.081 0 0.66 0.15 3 staff 0.17 0.49 0 0.15 1 2 staff1.8 staff 0.2 1.6 staff0.5 ds 0.38 0.11 0.5 0 ds

12.5 staff 0 12.5 staff3 fell 2.6774 0.1924 0 3 fell

CAREÊ JRA1 SRF 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 08 staff 8 0 staff2.5 fell 0.3 0 0 2.5 fell29 staff 19 10 staff15 fell 3.15 0.25 5 10 fell

0.9 staff 0 0.9 staff0.6 fell 0.26 0.03 0 0.6 fell

0.26 0.09 staff57.2 29.2 28 staff21.6 7.5174 0.82 5.5 16.1 fell

Activity Acronym

EU to CERN allocation

CERN committment

CERNAvailable (missing)

(MEur.)

CAREÊ NA2 BENE 0.45 0.0578 0.0578 0 0.47 0.11 0.09 0

CARE NA3 HEHIHB 0.49 0.167 0.167 0 2.6774 0.1924 0 0

CAREÊ JRA2 PHIN 3.54 1.178 1.103 1.5 fell 1.98 0.32 1.68 0.32

CAREÊ JRA3 HIPPI 3.6 0.635 0.095 6 fell 8.73 2 5.58 1.75

CAREÊ JRA4 NED 0.98 0.6 0.6 0 0.255 0.03 0 0ESGARD&CARE

0 0.43 0.09 2 staff 0.17 0

2.8924 7.7

Management 0 0 0

2.07

1 1

TOTAL 14.74 2.72 2.1 7.5 fell 15.2024

NA3 FTE/year Years FTE MCHF fell/year Years fell MCHFWP1 1.5 5 7.5 1 1 1WP2 0 5 0 0 0 0WP3 1 5 5 1 2 2

12.5 2.125 3 0.36assuming 170 kSFr per staff-year assuming 120 kSFr per fellow-year


Kick-off meeting

December 9th, 2003, at CERN (1/2 day) presentation of the latest status of the

proposed AMT activities to the contributing laboratories (scope, time schedule, budget)

contribution of laboratories/universities in terms of study and experimental activity. review of the general capabilities (test facilities)

preparation of the first workshop on superconductors for high-field, high-intensity hadron beams

finalize the plan for the first 18 months of activity of the network

Web-site: http://amt.web.cern.ch/amt/


Other events of HEHIHC

Kick-off meeting of the HEHIHB-AMT Network, CERN, December 9th, 2003

Review of US-LARP collaboration, Fermilab, 26-27 February 2004 (discuss FY2005-06 plans, SCMagnets, Instrumentation and diagnostics for LHC commissioning, Accelerator Physics, HardwareCommissioning, CERN participants: R. Ostijic and F. Ruggiero)

1st HEHIHB-AMT workshop on Accelerator Magnet Superconductors "WAMS 2004", 22-24March, Archamps, France

31st ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects "ECLOUD'04", Napa,California, April 19-23, 2004 (co-organized by LBL (M. Furman) and CERN (F. Zimmermann),review of Electron Cloud effects at the LHC and at several other machines, contribution tosimulation code comparisons and benchmarking, 3-4 participants from CERN, 1-2 from GSI, 1-2from RAL, etc.)

11th Beam Instrumentation Workshop "BIW04", Knoxville, Tennessee, May 3-6, 2004 (proposedone day extension: topical workshop on "PLL tune tracking issues", co-organized by HEHIHB-ABI(H. Schmickler) and US-LARP, 7-8 HEHIHB participants from Europe?)

First HEHIHB-APD workshop on "Beam Dynamics Options, Alternative Synchrotron and IRDesign, IR Optics and MagnetLayout"?, CERN?, September-October 2004?


Requests to CERN

February 2004: Request to set-up 4 CERN accounts for HEHIHBadministration and for each workpackage -> follow-up by F. Ruggiero andJ.-P. Delahaye

February 2004: Request of a CERN Summer StudentSupervisors: F. Ruggiero and W. ScandaleProject Proposal----------------The student will help us coordinating and documenting an internationalcollaboration in view of the LHC Accelerator Upgrade. In particularhe/she will set up an easily maintainable code repository for advancedbeam dynamics simulations and an interactive web site for the EuropeanNetwork on High-Energy High-Intensity Hadron Beams(http://amt.web.cern.ch/amt/) having the goal to establish a roadmapfor future accelerator R&D and experimental studies. The student shouldhave some notion/interest in accelerator physics/engineering and someexperience in computer programming and web based applications.


Publications in preparation

--- EPAC04 abstracts related to the CARE HEHIHB Network---------------

Title: Performance limits and IR design challenges of a possible LHC luminosity upgrade based on Nb-Ti SC magnet technologyAuthors: O. Bruning, R. Ostojic, L. Rossi, F. Ruggiero, W. Scandale, and T. Taylor, CERN A. Devred, CEA-Saclay and CERN

Title: Review and Comparison of Simulation Codes Modelling Electron-Cloud Build Up and InstabilitiesAuthors: E. Benedetto, F. Ruggiero, D. Schulte, F. Zimmermann, CERN G. Rumolo, GSI, J. Bellodi, RAL, K. Ohmi, S.S. Win, KEK M. Furman, LBL, M. Pivi, SLAC, M. Blaskiewicz, L. Wang, BNL

HEHIHB - WP1Accelerator Magnet

Technology

Networking activity


LHC: What might be next?

• Due to the high radiation doses to which they will be submitted, the life expectancy of LHC IR quadrupole magnets is estimated ~5-7 years. • Hence, it is likely that these magnets will have to be replaced in 2013-2015, thereby offering an opportunity of upgrading LHC IR optics to improve luminosity.•Mid-2010’s is also the earliest time frame when one can expect to

need final-focusing quadrupole magnets for any of the proposed projects of linear colliders. At least one needs very strong wide final triplets.

Radiation damage limit ~700 fb-1

Courtesy of F. Ruggiero and Jim Strait


State of the Art in NbTi

• Since the Tevatron, the most widely used superconductor is NbTi (world production: ~1500 t/year).• The LHC magnet R&D programs have shown that the limit of NbTi at 1.8 K was around 10 to 10.5 T.

• Hence, to go beyond the 10-T threshold, it is necessary to change the material.Quench performance of 88-mm-aperture MFRESCA dipole magnet at CERN built by D. Leroy team.

Training MFRESCA in B-163

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

10.5

11.0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Quench number

Cen

tral

fie

ld [

T]

1st c

ool-d

own

2nd

cool

-dow

n

4th

cool

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n

3rd

cool

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cool

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Blue line: maximum operational field during the cool-down


Beyond NbTi

• High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are not yet ready for large-scale applications requiring high current densities under high magnetic fields, and it is likely that it will take at least another decade before they become competitive (in terms of performances, yield and cost).•The upper critical field of MgB2 is too low.• Nb3Al exhibits promising properties but there are serious manufacturing issues that have yet to be resolved.• At present, the only serious candidate to succeed NbTi, suitable for industrial production in the next 5 years, is the intermetallic compound Nb3Sn (world production amounts to ~15 t/year).


The path for High-Field Accelerator Magnet R&D

• A reasonable roadmap for high-field accelerator magnet development appears to be

– get ready for LHC-IR upgrade in 2013-15(large-aperture, high-performance dipole and/or quadrupole magnets; cost is not the primary issue),The real R&D -focussed- is here, and it will be the base for all the other possible goals

– develop final-focusing quadrupole magnets for implementation in a linear collider IR in the mid-2010’s(LHC-type quadrupole magnets in a solenoidal background field, or compact quadrupole magnets; cost is not the primary issue),– Some magnet R&D aimed at LHC energy upgrade or a VLHC in the 2020’s (high-

performance, low-cost dipole).


What do we have to do in the frame of HEHIHC?

Review if really we need this change in technology or if different IR schemes can do the job by using improved NbTi or NbTiTa (1T beyond NbTi)

Meanwhile:– revisit magnetic and mechanical designs to achieve enhanced performances with coils made from brittle conductors,– address coil cooling issue under high beam losses,– keep promoting high-performance Nb3Sn wire development (ensuring the survival of multiple suppliers around the world),– improve mechanical robustness and assess radiation hardness of Nb3Sn conductor insulation,– put into practice all of the above in magnet models and prototypes.


Contributors to WP1

• 11 contributing associations:

CEA (Saclay, France) CERN (Geneva, Switzerland) CIEMAT (Madrid, Spain) EPFL/CRPP (Villigen, Switzerland) GSI (Darmstadt, Germany) ENEA (Frascati, Italy) FZK (Karlsruhe, Germany) INFN-GE (Genova, Italy) INFN-MI (Milano, Italy) RAL (Chilton, UK) UT (Enschede, The Netherlands) WUT (Wroclaw, Poland)

• 5 associated international laboratories: LBNL (Berkeley, CA,

USA) FNAL (Chicago, IL,USA) BNL (Upton, NY, USA) JINR (Dubna, Russia) KEK (Tsukuba, Japan)


Scope of the WP1

• 5 critical study and R&D tasks identified based on present state-of-the-art in magnet and accelerator technology :

AMT-1 - Stability and Quench Limit of LHC at Ultimate Field and for LHC Upgrades (L+E)

AMT-2 - Pulsed Magnets (for an SPS Upgrade) (L) AMT-3 - Magnets for a LE Ring in the LHC Tunnel (L) AMT-4 - High Field Magnet Design (L+E) AMT-5 - Optimisation of the overall Cost of the Magnet

System for a High Energy-High Intensity Hadron Collider

Task on synchrotron radiation handling dropped


The World after AMTcontributing labs/universitiesassociated labs/universities


Work Matrix Contributing Labs


Work Matrix: Associated Labs


Budget

cost

funding obtained


Budget - profile

• topics by year:1. HF SC materials2. HF magnet

design3. HF and LF

magnet design4. collider issues5. S-LHC options


This money and energy for what ? - I: IR

• Large X-ing angles (4 mrad!!) separated beam quads!!

• However first quadrupole really difficult!!

• To see if the 14 T -9 m dipole can be made 10 T -14 m (the scope is to avoid Nb3Sn technology)

• Evaluate (ABP) if the difficulties are not simply transposed (superbunches)

• Can somebody invest in a 2-3 year development in NbTiTa?

•L=3-4 1034 ? Explore the route of NbTiTa and improved NbTi !!

First proposed by J. Strait and co.


This money and energy for what ? - II: IR

• To prepare technology for the “more classical” scheme. Here very large quads are needed; high field dipoles are needed as well.

Very first NED coil lay-out for 15 T.O. Vincent Viry

A. Zlobin, FNAL


This money and energy for what ? - III: IR

N. V. Mokhov et al. , Fermilab


This money and energy for what ? - IV: stability issue

• Review the stability limit of our Sc magnets.

• With the experience gained so far, the assessment of the achievable cleaning, the actual limit should be re-evaluated

• Is there a hard limit for going beyond ultimate ?


This money and energy for what ? - V: INJ from a SSPS

• Collaboration GSI-CERN already existing; GSI is active part of the network

• The high energy ring need pulsed, 1T/s ramp, 6 T magnets (4T till 1 year ago)

• BNL has been very successful to built a working 4T - 2T/s dipole with special insulation as suggested by M.N. Wilson


Activity start-up - general

• for the next 18 months the main focus is on: superconducting materials for high-field

accelerator magnets mainly Nb3Sn… … and NbTiTa, Nb3Al, High-Tc materials (BSSCO, YBCO), and MgB2

R&D and design activities in support of the NED development (accelerator-quality 15 T dipole magnet)

Starting EU data base of Sc and Sc magnets


Activity start-up - Q1 2004

• Workshop on Superconductors for High-Field, High-Intensity Hadron Beams 3 days workshop organised by CERN (Archamps ) to take place 22-24 March 2004 attendance by invitation

ALL European firms for both LTc and HTc superconducting materials

leading European laboratories and universities representatives from US (LARP program) and Japan About 60 people in total


Activity start-up - Q1 2004

• Aim of the workshop:

Review the status of the world R&D on superconducting materials and cables for high field magnets (B > 10 T), with particular focus on needs on the NED program (Nb3Sn)

Review the capabilities of European industries and European laboratories in support of the superconductor R&D

Identify needs and define directions of development for industry and laboratories

HEHIHB - WP4Accelerator Physics and

Synchrotron Design

Networking activity


• Collaboration on fundamental Accelerator Physics and Optics Design• optics design criteria for booster synchrotrons • intensity limitations arising from conventional impedance, beam-

beam or electron cloud effects.• linear and nonlinear optics modelling, including space charge and

machine imperfections, • development of simulation codes to study halo formation and

electron cloud effects. • Comparisons and benchmarking of the codes by beam

measurements

• In collaboration with ABI, establish a parallel working infrastructure in Europe to the proposed US-LARP programme, to streamline R&D work in the 3 big national labs in the US with the additional benefit of contributing to LHC upgrade studies.

• A parallel US-LARP and CARE approach would facilitate the information flow and the worldwide collaboration efforts.

Scope of the WP4


New Interaction Regions for LHC Luminosity Upgrade: beam dynamics vs magnet

technology and design


• Form a working group to review, prioritise, and coordinate beam dynamics studies immediate scopes: better modelling and understanding of electron

cloud effects and their remedies having direct implications for vacuum chamber design, beam instrumentation, and machine performance

beam optics constraints, machine protection, and long term stability

design criteria for Interaction Region layout and magnetic field quality.

Delivrables of the WP4 (1/3)


• Provide a common repository for linear and nonlinear optics programs, impedance estimates, and simulation codes for collective effects (conventional instabilities, beam-beam, space charge, and electron cloud effects).

• Coordinate the validation of these codes by mutual comparisons and benchmarking by machine experiments, and provide centralised documentation.

• Coordinate extension of the simulation codes to cover the relevant beam physics and the implementation of effective procedures for beam measurements, machine protection, background control, and performance optimisation.



•Organize regular workshops and collaboration meetings. Publish workshop proceedings in electronic form, with the system of the peer review. The last workshop and the last annual report will provide general conclusions, design options, and guidelines concerning intensity limitation mechanisms and strategies to achieve high energy/high intensity hadron beams in existing or future facilities.

•Publish annual reports indicating the progress of the integration activity among various institutes and addressing each single work-package and a global assessment of the progress toward HE-HI hadron beams.



Planning of the WP4

WP Task Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 During the first year the APD group will discuss and define a priority list with issues requiring a stronger interaction and coordination, e.g. on IR design, collective effects and/or booster synchrotron design. An integrated work plan will be set and a list of 2 or 3 topical workshops will be established to address them and workshop dates will be decided for the different topics, in addition to the annual meetings.

Period MS Web site ready

Creation of the web site to document APD studies. Catalogue of existing simulation codes ID Report

Period MS

Definition of the list of priorities and agreement on a code repository. Proposal for code benchmarks and extensions. ID Report

Period MS Code Rep. ready

First results. Priority of tasks established. Creation of web based code repository.

ID Report Period

MS

Documentation of the results on the high-priority benchmarks. Definition of optics design options for IR layout and booster synchrotrons. First structured list of intensity limits. Definition of possible new milestones.

ID Report

Series of 2 or 3 Workshops. The aim of these workshops is first to document the current beam intensity and luminosity limits imposed by the current hardware capabilities for the optics design and the collective effects of the beam dynamics

Period MS 1st Topical Workshop

Workshop on 1st selected topic: Beam Dynamics Options, Alternative Synchrotron and IR Designs, IR Optics and Magnet Layout? ID Workshop Proceedings

Period MS 2nd Topical Workshop Workshop on 2nd selected topic

ID Workshop Proceedings Period MS 3rd Top Workshop

APD

Possible Workshop on 3rd selected topic

ID Proceedings


Conclusion

• The EU CARE HEHIHB program offers a coherent frame to carry out studies for the next generation of high-field/low field accelerator stemming on LHC-IR upgrade

• Studies and evaluations of accelerator physics issues will be addressed and resources from other labs will be solicited and oriented

• On going activity on beam instrumentation will be strengthened and focused to develop novel instruments for a more efficient running in and operation of hadron accelerators

Documents

HEHIHB EU network