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Heep Yunn SchoolHeep Yunn School
Biological Hydrogen ProductionBiological Hydrogen Production
Experiment
Introduction
IntroductionIntroduction
Problems :Problems : Energy shortage + Global warmingEnergy shortage + Global warming
Cause:Cause: Burning fossil fuelsBurning fossil fuels
Theory
Calculation
Conclusion
Introduction
IntroductionIntroduction
Fossil fuelsFossil fuels
Alternative: HydrogenAlternative: Hydrogen
HYDROGEN
Experiment
Theory
Calculation
Conclusion
Clean!!!
Efficient!!!
Introduction
IntroductionIntroduction
General idea:General idea:
Bacteria + Food Hydrogen
Overflowing - Landfill
Experiment
Theory
Calculation
Conclusion
Aerobic carbon dioxide + water
Anaerobic methane+ hydrogen
Theory
Introduction
Experiment
Calculation
Conclusion
TheoryTheory
TheoryTheory
Bacteria in soilTheory
Introduction
Experiment
Calculation
Conclusion
TheoryTheory
100°CTheory
Introduction
Experiment
Calculation
Conclusion
TheoryTheory
Hydrogen+ methaneTheory
Introduction
Experiment
Calculation
Conclusion
Theory
Experiment
Experimental ProceduresExperimental Procedures
• Food• Treated soil
Gas produced is collected in a measuring cylinder by
water displacement.
Introduction
Calculation
Conclusion
Problems we facedProblems we faced
1.1. How can we determine the molar mass of How can we determine the molar mass of the gas?the gas?
2.2. How can we find out the hydrogen How can we find out the hydrogen composition in the biogas?composition in the biogas?
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Experiment
Calculation
Test for the gasTest for the gas
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Experiment
Calculation
The gas gives a pop sound with a The gas gives a pop sound with a burning splint.burning splint.
Pop!Pop!
Transference of gas to a balloonTransference of gas to a balloon
Water in
By water displacement, the gas collected is pumped out of the bottle.
Acidic gases absorbed by concentrated
Sodium Hydroxide
Alkaline gases absorbed by concentrated sulphuric acid
Moisture absorbed by solid calcium oxide in the
U-tube
Filtered gas collected in the balloon
Theory
Experiment
Introduction
Calculation
Conclusion
CalculationCalculation
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Calculation
Experiment
CalculationCalculation
By Newton’s first By Newton’s first Law:Law:
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Calculation
Experiment
UWWR bg
Reading of the balance
Weight of the gas
Weight of the balloon
Up thrust
UWRW bg
By change of subject:By change of subject:
CalculationCalculation
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Calculation
Experiment Mass of the gas
1010
10
b
g
WUR
W
W=mgW=mg
CalculationCalculation
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Calculation
Experiment
nM = mnM = mNo. of moles of gas
MolarMolarmassmass
MassMassofof
gasgas
1010bWUR
m
CalculationCalculation
Theory
Introduction
Conclusion
Calculation
Experiment
n
WU
n
RM b
1010
Merging the two equations, Merging the two equations,
we get:we get:
Linear relationshipLinear relationship
ResultsResults
Experiment 1: Test for foodExperiment 1: Test for food
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Rice Vegetables Pork Mixture
Vol
ume
of g
aspr
oduc
ed (
mL
)
Types of food
Theory
Experiment
Introduction
Calculation
Conclusion
ResultsResults
Experiment 2: Test for optimal pHExperiment 2: Test for optimal pH
Volume of biogas produced under different pH conditions
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (hour)
Vol
ume
of b
ioga
s pr
oduc
ed (
mL
)
pH4
pH7
pH9
Theory
Experiment
Introduction
Calculation
Conclusion
ResultsResults Experiment 3: Test for optimal temperatureExperiment 3: Test for optimal temperature
Volume of biogas produced under different temperature
050
100150200250300350400
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (hours)
Vol
ume
of b
ioga
spr
oduc
ed (
mL
)
20℃
40℃
70℃
Vol
ume
of b
ioga
s pr
oduc
ed (
mL
)Theory
Experiment
Introduction
Calculation
Conclusion
ConclusionConclusion
The findings of our investigation are…The findings of our investigation are…1.1. Fastest rateFastest rate of food decomposition occurs of food decomposition occurs
at at 40 degree Celcius40 degree Celcius in in acidic conditionacidic condition (pH4). Among different types of food, (pH4). Among different types of food, porkpork works the best.works the best.
2.2. The gas produced in the reaction generally The gas produced in the reaction generally has the molar mass of 13, which indicates has the molar mass of 13, which indicates that that 22-59% of the gas produced is 22-59% of the gas produced is hydrogenhydrogen..
3.3. The The conditionsconditions only only affect the rate of affect the rate of reactionreaction, not the proportion of hydrogen , not the proportion of hydrogen produced.produced.
Theory
Introduction
Experiment
Conclusion
Calculation
ConclusionConclusion
Theory
Introduction
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Conclusion
Calculation
