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Healthier Procurement: How to Prioritize Human and Environmental Health November 10, 2016
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Date Description
December TBD
Healthier Procurement: How to Specify and Verify for Human & Environmental Health Daniel Pedersen, VP Science & Standards, Green Seal, Inc. Lara Koritzke, Director of Communications, ISEAL Alliance Julia Wolfe, Director, Environmental Purchasing, State of Massachusetts
January TBD
Healthier Procurement: How to Achieve Better Results with Integrated Approaches for Healthier Procurement Judy Levin, Pollution Prevention Director, Center for Environmental Health Beth Meer, Special Assistant, New York State Dept. of Environmental Conservation
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https://www.sustainablepurchasing.org/calendar/
SPLC Winter Webinar Series
Recording
This session is being recorded. The recording and slides will be posted in SPLC’s online member community.
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Healthier Procurement A webinar series focused on best practices for promoting environmental and human health through strategic sustainable purchasing.
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Presenters
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Arlene Blum Executive Director Green Science Institute
Pam Eliason Senior Associate Director & Industry Research Program Manager Toxics Use Reduction Institute
Linda Rutsch Outreach & Education Coordinator U.S. EPA Safer Choice Program
Stacey Foreman Manager of Sustainable Procurement Program City of Portland
Tackling Toxics: The “Six Classes” Approach Towards Healthier Products, People, & Planet
Arlene Blum PhD VisiCng Scholar in Chemistry, UC Berkeley
www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
A Planetary Boundary for Chemical Pollution Evidence of widespread ha Chemical pollution is global:
• Rapidly increasing production • Persistence and long range transport • Finite capacity of the earth to absorb toxics
Diamond et al, 2015, Environment International
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act (1976)
• 62,000 previous chemicals “grandfathered”
• 20,000 new chemicals – 85% have no health data – 67% have no data at all
Michael Wilson, Green Chemistry in California: http://coeh.berkeley.edu/news/06_wilson_policy.htm GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE GreenSciencePolicy.org
Problem Human Toxicological Trial?
“We are conducting a massive clinical toxicological trial, and our children and our children's children are the experimental subjects.”
-‐Herbert Needleman & Philip Landrigan
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org Green Chemistry: Cornerstone to a Sustainable California 2008: Cal/EPA
Problem Regrettable Substitution
Decabromodiphenyl ethane
O
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Decabromodiphenyl ether
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Br
Decabromodiphenyl ethane
Concerns: • Persistence • Bioaccumulation • Toxicity
Concerns: • Persistence • Bioaccumulation • Toxicity
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
The Six Classes
5. Organic solvents benzene, methylene chloride, xylene, etc.
6. Certain metals lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, etc.
4. Bisphenols and phthalates phthalates, BPA, BPS, etc.
1. Highly fluorinated chemicals (PFASs) stain and water repellants
2. Chlorinated anMmicrobials triclosan and triclocarban
3. Flame retardants brominated, chlorinated, phosphate
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
Is it necessary? Is it worth it? Is there a safer alternaMve?
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
SixClasses.org 15-‐minute webinars on Six Classes containing chemicals of concern
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE GreenSciencePolicy.org GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
Material Buyer’s Club
• Require transparency from manufacturers
• Utilize collective purchasing power to create a demand for healthy products and materials
Classes I to 3
Class 1: Highly Fluorinated Chemicals (PFAS) Carbon-‐Fluorine bond strength:
• Leads to oil and water repellency • Lasts for geologic Mme!
Adapted from slide by Dr. Jennifer Field
(C8)
PFAS exposure is a health concern
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Detectable serum PFASs
Non-‐detect
Exposure linked to health risks: Cancer, elevated cholesterol, obesity, immune suppression, and endocrine disruption
(Ref: Lewis et al., 2015; Grandjean et al., 2012; Braun et al., 2016; Barry et al., 2013) Courtesy, Cindy Hu, Harvard University
In the news
Watersheds with military bases, airports, industrial sites have higher levels of PFASs
From Cindy Hu et al, 2015
Air Force to stop using AFFF foam in training exercises
• Drinking water of six million Americans contaminated with PFAS
• AFFF firefighMng foams used in training are a major contributor
• Air Force, on 19 August 2016, said: – “will stop using foam in training exercises”
– “will replace all C8 foam with C6 by the end of this year”
Class 2: AnMmicrobials Triclocarban Triclosan
Courtesy: Dr. Gary Ginsberg GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE
www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
Triclosan is no more effective than soap and water for handwashing
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Lifetime exposure in aquatic organisms
(toxic)
Source: US EPA
The Florence Statement Consensus of 200 scienMsts
Adapted from: Halden, ES&T, 2014. 48(7):3603−3611 http://GreenSciencePolicy.org/florence-statement/
U.S. Food &Drug Administration Rule (September 2016): • Over-‐the-‐counter consumer soaps containing triclosan (liquid soaps) and triclocarban (bar soaps) can no longer be sold.
• Manufacturers did not demonstrate that the ingredients are both safe for long-‐term use and more effective than soap and water in preventing the spread of infections.
Class 3 Flame retardants Used to meet flammability standards
since the 1970s
• Children’s sleepwear
• Furniture
• Television enclosures
• Foam plastic building insulation
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org
Technical Bulletin 117
– Required furniture foam to withstand a small open flame for 12 seconds
– No significant fire safety
benefit (fires start in exterior fabric not filling)
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE GreenSciencePolicy.org
From Products to People
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE GreenSciencePolicy.org
Human Health
associated with Higher pentaBDE lower birth weight impaired attention
poorer coordination lowered IQ
longer time to get pregnant altered thyroid hormones
Eskenazi et al, 2010, 2011, 2012 GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE GreenSciencePolicy.org
Fire Safety Benefit?
GREEN SCIENCE POLICY INSTITUTE www.GreenSciencePolicy.org Babrauskas et al. 2011; Talley 1995; Mehta (CPSC) 2012
~
Flame retardant treated foam
Non– treated foam
“No significant, consistent difference…”
(regarding California TB117)
Class 4: Bisphenols and Phthalates
Courtesy: Dr. Miriam Diamond
Uses: • Bisphenols: plasMcs, • cash register receipts,
adhesives, can linings • Phthalates: plasMcizers,
lubricants, solvents, emulsifiers, fragrances
http://www.susanfreinkel.com/books_Plastic.html
Class 5: Organic Solvents (aliphaMc, aromaMc, halogenated, oxygenated)
• Hydrocarbon solvents - AliphaMc organic solvents (petroleum-‐based) - AromaMc organic solvents (toluene, xylene,
benzene)
• Chlorinated solvents - E.g., Methylene chloride, perc, TCE
• Oxygenated solvents - Acetone, glycol ethers, alcohols
Courtesy: Dr. Liz Harriman
Class 6: Certain Metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury etc.)
Courtesy: Dr. Graham Peaslee
By Reducing use of Six Classes
We can have a healthier world
For more information
Google: Green Science Policy
For monthly e-newsletters www.greensciencepolicy.org 39
Pause for ques/ons
Pause for ques/ons
© Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Moving Towards Safer Chemicals: The MassachuseVs Experience
Pam Eliason Toxics Use ReducMon InsMtute University of Massachusejs Lowell
Healthier Procurement: How to Prioritize Human and Environmental Health, November 10, 2016 (webinar)
Healthier Procurement: How to PrioriCze Human and Environmental Health Healthier Procurement: How to PrioriCze Human and Environmental Health
Healthier Procurement: How to PrioriCze Human and Environmental Health
42 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
How TURA Works
Users of large amounts of toxic chemicals must: • Report toxics use • Pay fees
– Funds support services to industry and communities
• Plan toxics reduction
43 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Core Principles of Toxics Use Reduction Focus on use
Reduce toxics at the source
Focus on inherent hazard of chemicals used
Look for opportuniMes to eliminate or reduce hazard
IdenMfy acMonable opportuniMes
Source ReducCon
Recycling
Treatment
Disposal
44 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
What MassachuseVs Companies Experience
Increased ajenMon to environmental pracMces 55% Improved worker health and safety 51% Realized financial savings 41% Improved producMon efficiency
29%
45 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
TURI’s 2006 Five Chemicals Study
PrioriMzed chemicals to study based on feedback from key stakeholders
• Labor • Manufacturers • Community groups • Regulators • Industry associaMons • Chemical users • Environmental NGOs
Factors considered for prioriMzaMon of chemical
uses/applicaMons
• Volume of use • Likelihood of exposure for workers or the environment
• PotenMal availability of opMons
• Well studied by others
http://www.turi.org/TURI_Publications/TURI_Methods_Policy_Reports/Five_Chemicals_Alternatives_Assessment_Study._2006
46 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Examples of Factors to Consider When Assessing Alternatives
Is it Safer? Is it Affordable? Will it Work?
• Flammability • Human toxicity • Animal toxicity • Ozone depleMon • Persistence • BioaccumulaMon • Concern of
regulator or customer
• Materials • Regulatory
compliance • Insurance • Training • Equipment • UMliMes/energy
• Process changes • Equipment changes • Material
compaMbility • Product quality • Product longevity • Customer
specificaMons
47 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Benefits of Safer Chemicals
Create safer working environment
Reduce potenMal for environmental impact
Avoid regrejable subsMtuMons
Avoid need for costly changes associated with chemical restricMons Create more sustainable producMon and products
48 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Other Resources
Framework for Sustainable Products
Lowell Center for Sustainable Production
Advancing Safer Chemicals in Products:
The Key Role of Purchasing
http://www.sustainableproduction.org/Publ.SustainableProducts.php
TURI Environmental,
Health and Safety Data Resources
Portal
http://guides.turi.org/beyondmsds
49 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Business’ strategic priorities
Leadership in…
• Price • Quality • Technology • Customer response
Parent company goals
GHG reducCon
Energy efficiency
Increased profit = reduced costs + increased revenue
Greater operaConal efficiency
Increased market share
Faster Cme-‐to-‐market
Good neighbor
Breakthrough products or services
50 © Toxics Use Reduction Institute University of Massachusetts Lowell
Toxics Use ReducMon InsMtute
www.turi.org 978-‐934-‐3275
600 Suffolk St Wannalancit Mill Bldg, 5th floor
Lowell, MA 01854
Pam Eliason [email protected] 978-934-3142
Pause for ques/ons
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Safer Choice Program November 2016
EPA’s Safer Choice was formerly known as Design for the Environment (DfE) • 40+ years EPA experMse in assessing chemical safety • Safer Choice Program has 15+ years experience reviewing products • Voluntary program
DfE is now Safer Choice
Safer Choice Program 53
A Family of Labels
Safer Choice Program
Fragrance-Free Label
Optional Label for Industrial &
Institutional Use
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§ Voluntary program § Verification by a trusted government agency
that products contain only safer chemical ingredients and that they: − Are safer for families, pets, communities, and
the environment − Are safer for workers and work places − Perform
§ An appealing label that purchasers can trust − Facilitates rapid decision-making
What does the Safer Choice label mean?
Safer Choice Program 55
To use the label products must:
§ Meet the Safer Choice Standard − Every chemical ingredient is reviewed for human health and
environmental safety − Product level requirements include: performance, packaging,
and ingredient disclosure
§ Be covered under a Partnership Agreement between the manufacturer and EPA − Renewed every 3 years
§ Undergo annual audits
What’s behind the label?
Safer Choice Program
hVp://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/standard
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www.epa.gov/saferchoice/products § List of qualified products
− Updated every two weeks − More than 2,000 listed products
o About 650 consumer/retail o Remaining are industrial & institutional
§ Broad range of product categories. Most are laundry and cleaning products, e.g., detergents, all-purpose cleaners, degreasers
§ Potential for expansion to personal care products, adhesives, and more
Safer Choice-labeled Products
Safer Choice Program 57
§ Facility/Household Cleaning − All-Purpose Cleaners, Appliance
Cleaners & Rinse Aids − Automatic Dishwasher Products − Carpet Cleaners & Floor Care
Products − Degreasers − Dish Detergents & Soaps − Granite/Stone/Wood/Leather
Cleaners − Kitchen/Countertop Cleaners − Laundry Detergents, Fabric
Softeners & Pre-Treaters − Odor Removers − Pet Care Products − Toilet Bowl Cleaners − Tub/Tile Cleaners − Window/Glass Cleaners
§ Health & Beauty − Hand Soaps − Shampoos − Conditioners − Lotions − Others?
§ Automotive & Outdoor − Athletic Field Paint − Car Care Products − Outdoor Furniture Cleaners − Oven/Grill/Barbeque Cleaners − Parts Washers − Tire Additives − Vehicle/Parts Wash Additives
Safer Choice Product Types
Safer Choice Program 58
What advocates say about the new label
Safer Choice Program
• Consumer Reports (July 2015): – Found that many consumers are willing to
pay more for safer cleaning products – Also noted that Safer Choice-‐labeled products
are oten comparable to or less costly than cleaners without the label
• Consumer Reports (May 2015): – Consumer Reports dedicated a full page the
Safer Choice label, explaining “why we like the label”
• Recent Partner-‐conducted Survey: – Majority of consumers responded that the
new label would be a compelling reason to try a product
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§ Government purchasing: − Executive Order 13693
§ Using Safer Choice products can help maintain LEED Certification - Under LEED EBOM v4
- http://bit.ly/1Ni09ro
§ Institutional purchasing: − State and local procurement guidelines
Safer Choice and Purchasing Requirements
Safer Choice Program 60
| Office of Pollution Prevention & Toxics |
Safer Choice in Your Community
Safer Choice Program
An interacMve feature on the Safer Choice website that allows you to find Safer Choice-‐labeled products for: • Schools • Stadiums • Office buildings • Hotels • Homes hjps://www.epa.gov/ saferchoice/find-‐safer-‐choices-‐use-‐your-‐community
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| Office of Pollution Prevention & Toxics |
Safer Choice in Your Community: Schools
Safer Choice Program
Clicking these product categories directs you to Safer Choice-‐labeled products for schools.
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§ Living list of 800+ safer chemicals that meet EPA’s Safer Chemical Criteria
§ Safer Choice allows only chemicals proven to be safer
§ Fragrances remain a challenge. That is why we offer the fragrance-free label.
Safer Chemical Ingredients List
63
www.epa.gov/saferchoice/safer-‐ingredients
Safer Choice Program
§ By selecting Safer Choice products, purchasers don’t just get safer products. They influence the entire supply chain. − Chemicals in Safer Choice-labeled products must be proven to be safer − Every chemical is evaluated. Even those present at low levels. Even
impurities
§ EPA has: special scientific expertise, access to confidential information, and is up-to-date on the latest science
§ Purchasers also get these benefits from Safer Choice-labeled products: − Ingredient disclosure for every product − Annual audits for all companies − About 100 fragrance-free labeled products – an EPA certification to help
those with allergy or sensitization concerns
Why Safer Choice is the Right Choice
Safer Choice Program 64
Thank you! Questions?
Linda Rutsch [email protected]
(202) 343-9924
www.epa.gov/saferchoice
Safer Choice Program 65
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NOVEMBER 10, 2016
Priori%zing Human Health in City Procurement CITY OF PORTLAND’S EXPERIENCE WITH TOXICS REDUCTION AND HEALTHY PURCHASING
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
§ 2002 -‐ Commodity Specific Work begins § 2005/2006 – Toxics ReducMon Workgroup & Plan ◦ MulM-‐stakeholder ◦ IdenMfied Chemicals of Concern (CoCs) ◦ Developed specific “to-‐dos” per CoC ◦ Achieved iniMal successes
GeGng Started
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
§ Toxics ReducMon Workgroup: Lessons Learned ◦ Need commijed staff to coordinate, maintain expectaMons, & educate
◦ Keep moving with what you can
Even the Best Plans….
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
§ Commodity Specific Work ConMnues ◦ Take advantage of third-‐party cerMficaMons that address CoC
◦ Take advantage of other agencies’ work, cooperaMve price agreements
◦ Take advantage of aligned naMonal iniMaMves ◦ e.g. green building (LEED, LBC), healthier hospitals iniMaMves
◦ Take advantage of opportuniMes – the earlier, the bejer ◦ New Building or Tenant Improvement Projects, Space Planning ◦ New SolicitaMons
Next Phase
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
§ Generally, people want less-‐toxic products ◦ Engage, explain, educate, and LISTEN ◦ Make it easy to idenMfy & find QUALITY, less-‐toxic alternaMves
◦ Use procurement know-‐how to research opMons & availability
◦ Use procurement know-‐how to get good pricing ◦ Factor in product tesMng or delayed compliance as needed
§ The Tough Stuff ◦ Be commijed to the long term
Stakeholder Engagement
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
§ RelaMvely Easy ◦ Cleaning Products: third-‐party cerMficaMons ◦ Furniture: copy others + third-‐party cerMficaMons ◦ Office Electronics: third-‐party cerMficaMons ◦ Carpet/Flooring: copy others + third-‐party cerMficaMons
◦ Lead-‐Free Wheel Weights ◦ No/Low Mercury LighMng ◦ Indoor Wall Paints: third-‐party cerMficaMons
Examples
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
§ There are ways to get CoCs out of your products and meet end-‐user needs
§ You are not alone § Improvement can oten start by just asking a quesMon
§ Things will change; keep learning
Walk Away Today Knowing
STACEY FOREMAN, SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT COORDINATOR, CITY OF PORTLAND, OREGON
NOVEMBER 10, 2016
www.portlandoregon.gov/buygreen
Thank you!
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Contact Us
76
Arlene Blum ExecuMve Director Green Science InsMtute [email protected]
Pam Eliason Senior Associate Director & Industry Research Program Manager Toxics Use ReducMon InsMtute [email protected]
Linda Rutsch Outreach & EducaMon Coordinator U.S. EPA Safer Choice Program [email protected]
Stacey Foreman Manager of Sustainable Procurement Program City of Portland [email protected]