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HEALTH CARE CAREERS
Mrs. Jessica Dean
Daily Objectives
Compare the educational requirements for associate’s, bachelor’s, and master’s degrees
Contrast certification, registration, and licensure
Educational Requirements
Depend on many factors
Can vary from state to state
Some basic standards do exist
Secondary Education
Refers to basic preparation in high school
Includes major core courses Keyboarding, computer applications, and
accounting skills can be utilized in many health careers
Health science technology education(HSTE)
Secondary career/technical program in health occupations
Prepare students for immediate employment in many health careers
Also prepare students for additional education after graduation
Postsecondary Education
Education received after graduation from high school
Includes education in career/technical schools, community colleges, and universities
Types of degrees
Associate degree Awarded by career/tech school or
community college
Requires completion of prescribed two-year course of study
Bachelor’s degree
Awarded by college or university
Requires completion of prescribed course of study that usually lasts for four or more years
Master’s degree
Awarded by college or university
Requires completion of one or more years beyond a bachelor’s degree
Doctorate, doctoral or doctor’s degree Awarded by college or university
Requires completion of two or more years beyond a bachelor’s or master’s degree
Some require four to six years of additional study
Certification, registration, licensure Methods used to ensure skill and competency
of health care personnel and protect consumer or patient
Certificate or statement is issued if person fulfills requirements of education and performance and meets standards and qualifications established
Ex: certified dental assistant, certified laboratory technician, certified medical assistant
Registration
Required in some health careers Done by regulatory body (professional
associations or state boards) in health care area
Administer examinations and maintain current list of qualified personnel
Ex: registered dietitian, registered respiratory therapy, registered radiologic technologist
Licensure
Government agency authorizes individuals to work in a given occupation
Usually require a person to Complete an approved educational program Pass a state board test Maintain certain standard to obtain and
retain licensure
Ex: physicians, dentists, physical therapist, registered nurses, licensed practical/vocational nurses
Usually graduation from an accredited program required before certification, registration, or licensure will be granted Ensures program of study meets
established quality competency standards Important to make sure school has
accredited programs before enrolling
Continuing Education units (CEUs) Required to renew licenses or to
maintain certification or registration in many states
Individual must obtain additional hours of education in the specific health care career during a specified period of time
Training
Professional Usually requires four or more years of
college and an advanced degree Ex: medical doctor, dentist
Technologist or therapist
Requires three or four years of college in addition to work experience Ex: medical laboratory technologist,
physical therapist, speech therapist
Technician
Usually requires two-year associate degree, HSTE, or three to four years of on-the-job training Ex: dental lab tech, medical lab tech,
surgical tech
Assistant or aide
Usually requires up to one or more years of training that combines classroom and/or on-the-job experience Ex: dental, medical, or nurse assistant
Daily objectives:
1. Describe therapeutic health care careers along with duties, educational requirements, and employment opportunities
2. Interpret abbreviations used to identify therapeutic health career workers
Five career clusters
1. Therapeutic services careers2. Diagnostic services careers3. Health informatics careers4. Support services careers5. Biotechnology research and
development careers
Therapeutic services:
• Directed toward changing the health status of the patient over time.
• Workers use a variety of treatments to help patients who are injured, physically or mentally disabled, or emotionally disturbed.
• Treatment is directed toward allowing patients to function at maximum capacity.
Dental Careers
Job duties Concerned with health of teeth and soft tissues
of mouth Places of employment
Private dental offices, labs, clinics, dental departments in schools, hospitals, health departments
Specialty areas General dentistry, endodontic, orthodontics,
oral surgery, pedodontics, periodontics, prosthodontics
Levels of Dental Workers
Dentists (DMD or DDS) Dental hygienists Dental lab tech Dental assistants
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Job duties
Provide emergency, prehospital care Provide care to victims of accidents, injuries,
and sudden illness Places of employment
Fire/police department, rescue squads, hospital ER, urgent care centers, industry, emergency helicopter or life flight services, military
Levels of Workers
First responder Emergency Medical Technician basic
(EMT-B) Emergency Medical Technician
Defibrillator (EMT-D) Emergency Medical Technician
Intermediate (EMT-I) Emergency medical Technician
Paramedic (EMT-P)
Medical Careers
Job duties Involved with diagnosis, treatment, or
prevention of diseases and disorders of human body
Places of employment Private practices, clinics, hospitals, public
health agencies, research facilities, HMOs, government agencies, colleges or universities
Levels of Workers
Physicians (doctors) Doctor of Medicine (MD) Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (DO) Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) Doctor of Chiropractic (DC)
Physician assistants Pathology assistants Medical assistants
Mental and Social Services
Job duties Mental services: deal with mental or
emotional disorders Social workers: help people deal with illness,
employment, or community problems Places of employment
Hospitals, psychiatric clinics, home health agencies, public health departments, government agencies, counseling centers, prisons, long-term care facilities
Levels of workers
Psychiatrists Psychologists Psychiatric/mental health technicians Social workers Genetic counselors
Mortuary Careers
Job duties Preparation of the body Cremation or burial of the remains
Places of employment Funeral homes/mortuaries, crematoriums,
cemetery associations
Levels of Workers
Funeral directors/morticians/undertakers Embalmers Mortuary assistants
Nursing Careers
Job duties Provide care for a patient under direction of
physician Direct care at mental, emotional, and
physical needs of the patient Places of employment
hospitals, long-term care facilities, rehab centers, physicians’ office, clinics, public health agencies, home health agencies, HMOs, schools, industry, government agencies
Levels of workers
Registered Nurses (RN) Nurse practitioners (CRNP) Nurse midwives (CNM) Nurse educators Nurse anesthetists Clinical nurse specialist (CNS)
Licensed Practical/Vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)
Nurse assistants
Nutrition and Dietary Services Job duties
Recognize importance good nutrition has on health
Promote wellness and optimum health Provide dietary guidelines to treat various
diseases Prepare food for health facilities
Places of employment Hospitals, long-term care facilities,
child/adult daycare facilities, wellness centers, schools, clinic
Levels of workers
Dieticians or nutritionists Dietetic technicians
Veterinary careers
Job duties Work with all types of animals from house
pets to livestock to wildlife Places of employment
Animal hospitals, vet offices, labs, zoos, farms, animal shelters, aquarium, drug or animal food companies, fish and wildlife services
Levels of workers
Veterinarians (DVM or VMD) Veterinary technologists/technicians
(VTR) Veterinarian assistants or aides
Vision Services careers
Job duties Provide care to prevent and treat vision
disorders Places of employment
Offices, optical shops, department stores, hospitals, schools, government agencies, clinics
Level of workers
Ophthalmologist Optometrists (OD) Ophthalmic medical technologists
(OMTs) Ophthalmic technicians (OTs) Ophthalmic assistants (OAs) Opticians Ophthalmic laboratory technicians
Other therapeutic careers
Occupational Therapy (OT) Occupational Therapy assistants (OTA)
Help people with physical, developmental, mental, or emotional disabilities
Physical Therapist (PT) Physical Therapy assistant (PTA)
Provide treatment for disabling joint, bone, muscle, an/or nerve injury or disease
Pharmacists (Pharm D) Pharmacy technicians
Dispense medications and provide information on drugs and the correct ways to use them
Massage therapist Use massage, bodywork, and therapeutic
touch to muscles to provide pain relief Recreational therapist (TR)
Recreational therapy assistant
Respiratory therapy (RT) Respiratory therapy technician (RTT)
Administer oxygen, gases or medications for heart and lung diseases
Surgical technicians Set up operating room with equipment and
prepare patient for surgery Speech-language pathologist
Identify, evaluate, and treat patients with speech and language disorders
Audiologists Test hearing, diagnose problems, and
prescribe treatment Art, music, and dance therapists
Deal with social, physical, or emotional problems Athletic trainers (AT)
Prevent and treat athletic injuries Dialysis technicians
Operate kidney hemodialysis machine and monitor patients
Perfusionists Operate heart/lung machine
Daily Objectives
1. Describe diagnostic health care careers along with duties, educational requirements, and employment opportunities
2. Interpret abbreviations used to identify diagnostic health career workers
Diagnostic Service Careers
Job duties Create a picture of the health status of a
patient at a specific point in time Perform tests or evaluations
Places of employment Hospital labs, private labs, outpatient
centers, doctor’s offices, clinics, public health agencies, drug firms, research or governmental agencies
Types of workers
Electrocardiograph (ECG) technician Electroencephalographic (EEG)
technologist Medical laboratory technologist (MT) Medical laboratory technician Phlebotomist
Collect blood and prepare it for testing
Radiologic technologists (RT) Work with x-rays, radiation, nuclear medicine,
ultrasound, and magnetic resonance to diagnose and treat disease
Radiographers Nuclear medicine technologists Ultrasound technologists Mammographer Computer tomography technologist (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Positron tomography technologist (PET)
Daily Objectives
1. Describe health informatics, support services, and biomedical health care careers along with duties, educational requirements, and employment opportunities
2. Interpret abbreviations used to identify health career workers
Health Informatics careers
Job duties Involved with documentation of patient
records and health information Places of employment
Hospitals, clinics, research centers, health departments, colleges, law firms, HMOs, Insurance companies, long-term care facilities
Types of workers
Health information (medical records) administrators
Medical transcriptionists Admitting officers/clerks Unit secretaries Epidemiologist Medical interpreters Medical illustrators Medical librarians
Support Services Careers
Job duties Create a therapeutic environment to
provide direct or indirect patient care Places of employment
Hospitals, clinics, long-term care facilities, HMOs, public health agencies
Types of workers
Health care administrators Biomedical engineers Biomedical equipment technicians
Work with many different machines used to diagnose, treat, and monitor patients
Central/sterile supply Order, maintain and supply equipment
Housekeeping workers Help maintain cleanliness of health care
facility
Biotechnology research and development Job duties
Involved with using living cells and their molecules to make useful products
Places of employment Pharmaceutical companies, chemical
companies, agricultural facilities, research labs, colleges, forensic labs, hospitals, industry
Levels of workers
Biological or Medical Scientists Specialties: Biochemists, Microbiologists,
Physiologists, Forensic Scientists Biotechnological engineers Forensic science techs/criminalists