HealthGIS Solutions for Health Sciences and the Business of Health Care

ESRI™

ESRI GIS SoftwareHealthy People Everywhere

Creating a future in

which people achieve

the highest level of

obtainable health

requires tools that

can do the job.

...to improveand sustain

the highest stateof human health

➤

A re-creation ofDr. John Snow’s Cause of CholeraDeath Data, 1854

➤Demonstration ofCDC, Morbidity and MortalityWeekly Report, 1996, served overthe Web

The twentieth century has been an incredibleone. Several dreaded diseases conquered,hundreds of treatments discovered, andthousands of effective prevention effortsundertaken. Health professionals at everylevel embark daily on the compellingmission to improve and sustain thehighest levels of human health.

ESRI® software solutions are helping peoplebuild valuable knowledge from everyangle...how to prevent the spread of disease,what prevention really works, how best todeliver health services, where to locate healthservices, and how to empower decisionmakers with relevant information.

See for yourself in the following pages howESRI software and services are helpingpeople every day.

GIS Integrates Data

A geographic information system (GIS) is a com-puter-based tool that organizes and displays data. Inthe health organization, GIS provides powerful toolsfor geographic and spatial analysis, and it allows youto visualize data that may have gone unseen inspreadsheets, charts, and other reports.

GIS puts information at your fingertips, allowingyou to obtain accurate information quickly. Byintegrating database operations, such as queryand statistical analysis, with geographical andspatial visualization, you are able to predict,plan, and recommend interventions andstrategies with confidence.

What Is GIS Doing forHealth Organizations Today?

GIS technology is powerful and afford-able. Its strengths lie in its ability tocreate, access, integrate, and publishlarge amounts of geographically relevantinformation. Here are just a few of theways GIS is working in health organiza-tions today:

• Track infectious diseases andidentify gaps in child immunizations.

• Conduct market studies and documenthealth care needs of a community.

• Manage materials, supplies, humanresources, and logistics.

• Maintain locational inventories of healthcare facilities, providers, and vendors.

• Route health care workers, equipment, andsupplies to service locations.

• Publish health care information using mapson the Internet.

• Manage patient care environments andclinical resources.

• Distribute clinical data in a visual andgeographic form.

• Locate the nearest health care facility orhealth care provider on the Web.

gis integrates data

Vital Data • Births • Deaths • Disease Demographics

Financial Data • Charges • Revenues • Expenses • Payors

Clinical Data • Lab • Radiology • Inpatient • Outpatient

Geographical Data • Service Areas • Health Referral Areas • Planning Areas • ZIP, Census Tracts • Jurisdictions • Streets

Environmental Data • Air and Water Quality • Biological Hazards • Toxic Sites • Infectious Diseases

Facilities Data • Floor Plans • Assets • Resources • Equipment

Location

Market Data • Age/Sex • Income • Education • Race and Ethnicity • Social Status

Employer Data • Locations • Health Plans • Demographics • Employee Locations

Provider Data • Locations • Hospitals • Physicians • Ancillaries

Demand Data • Caseloads • Diseases • Procedures

Client Data • Demographics • Services • Encounters • Clinical Outcomes

Whether you work

for a large public

health organization,

a health plan, or a

hospital, ESRI has

the right tool for you.

gis supports corepublic healthfunctions

BodyViewer™ by GeoHealth, Inc., is anextension to ArcView GIS that helpsmedical personnel “see” clinical data.

➤

➤

PatientAccess™ by GeoHealth, Inc., is an extension toArcView GIS that determines patient access to health providers.

PolicyDevelopmentand Planning

Assurance

Assessment

Vital EventRegistration

AirWater

Waste

Services

Food

Noise

DiseaseControl

Prevention

Equipment Facilities

Marketing and Promotion

• Web Enable Provider Directories and Maps• Territory Alignment, Balancing, and Optimization• Advertising and Target Marketing• Public Health Advocacy

Operations and Customer Service

• Immunization Tracking• Vehicle Routing• Health Plan Network Analysis• Call Centers• Internet Map and Data Publishing• Site and Facility Inspections

Finance and Human Resources

• Asset Tracking• Material and Equipment Management• Geographical Budget Allocations• Fund Development• Disaster Response Planning

Research and Planning

• Epidemiology• Disease Tracking• Program Evaluation• Outbreak Investigation• Site Location and Patient Distribution Analysis• Community Needs Assessments

Shared Data

Marketing

Operations

Research

Planning

Finance

Using GIS to help manage the patient care environment

Optimizing routing of in-home health care services

Identifying environmental health concerns: Cape Cod LandCover and Environmental Study—Applied Geographics, Inc.,and Silent Spring

Service Areas determining health needs usingArcView Business Analyst

gis supportsthe healthenterprise

ArcView Spatial AnalystBusinessMAP PROARC/INFO®ArcView GIS Atlas GIS ArcView Spatial AnalystBusinessMAP PROARC/INFO®ArcView GIS Atlas GIS

Product Line Planning —By geographicallylinking operational data to patient and providerlocation data, a product line manager can begin tovisualize the geodemographic drivers of the productline. Issues such as market share and market penetra-tion can be quickly evaluated and acted upon.ArcView ® Business Analyst is a powerful data-richanalytic and presentation tool for product line planners.

Service Routing —Health services delivered athome can be scheduled in a more efficient manner byanalyzing transportation factors and street patternsand by recommending the most efficient route to andfrom each patient’s home. ArcLogistics™ Routesoftware provides a dynamic solution to improve onyour existing scheduling and routing method bylinking directly to an existing Admission DischargeTransfer (ADT) system.

Marketing and Promotion —Getting the rightmessage to the right market requires a high degree ofprecision. Patient data that has been spatially enabledcan be used to profile responses to various advertis-ing programs and help refocus messages to targetedmarket segments. ArcView Business Analystprovides an efficient method to pinpoint existingcustomers while organizing the prospecting fornew customers.

Customer Service —Providing accurate andtimely information about where services are locatedand providing instructions and maps on how to getthere is becoming a requirement of good customerservice. Putting dynamic maps on the Internet allowspatients to locate the most convenient services totheir home or work easily. MapObjects® InternetMap Server (IMS) allows the user to publish site-specific information, travel directions, and mapsbased on where the caller is located.

Sales Force Automation —Managing saleshas increasingly become a critical factor for manyhealth organizations. Sales personnel need a widerange of geographic information products to plan andexecute their strategies. BusinessMAP® PROsoftware has been designed for the growing salesorganization, complete with features such as territorybalancing, prospect tracking, and market analysis.Fast and easy are two words that this software evokes.

Epidemiology Research —A highly mobilesociety has made the informational demands ofpublic health professionals difficult and complex.Understanding the determinants of disease and itsspread from person to person and community tocommunity has become increasingly global. BothArcView GIS and Atlas GIS™ software have becomestandards throughout the world in the public healthfield, providing powerful analytical and presentationGIS functions.

Managed Care Network Analysis —Managed care contracting typically hinges on acombination of volume, price, and accessibility to thehealth plan’s provider network. Most employers basetheir choice of health plans, in part, on the geographi-cal accessibility of their employees to the healthplan’s provider network. ArcView GIS, in conjunc-tion with a business partner extension calledPatientAccess, performs this complex analysis easily.

ArcLogistics RouteBusiness Analyst MapObjectsSDE3D Analyst™ ArcLogistics RouteBusiness Analyst MapObjectsSDE3D Analyst™IMSIMS

Site Selection —Identifying a new servicelocation is one of the most basic functions of businessdevelopment. Having the ability to quickly access thegeodemographic dynamics of your existing marketsin contrast to the likely demand for services at a newlocation requires flexible yet powerful analyticalsoftware tools. ArcView Business Analyst, ArcViewGIS, Atlas GIS, and BusinessMAP PRO softwareall provide varying levels of capabilities for siteselection.

Clinical Data Visualization —Integration ofclinical information, such as ICD9-CMs, is accom-plished by linking the ICD codes directly to agraphical representation (map) of the human bodyand to the geographical location where the patient hasoriginated. Large volumes of ICD9-CM codes can bequickly visualized both from a bodily systems pointof view and from a geographical point of view. Thisgeoclinical information system is a useful tool whenevaluating environmental risks and exposures.ArcView GIS, combined with a business partnerextension product called BodyViewer for ICD, is arich library of bodily system representations thatallows any ICD data to be illustrated visually alongwith geographic information.

esri tools at workin the healthorganization

Service Location Tracking —Keeping trackof the geographical locations of providers, employ-ers, payers, and health plans is a significant task.Making sure the geographic data inventory remainscurrent and is available in a real-time mode through-out the organization requires effective data integra-tion, hygiene, and geocoding. Spatial DatabaseEngine™ (SDE™) software provides a databaseapproach to the collection and maintenance ofgeographic information and provides a vehiclethrough which everyone can access accurate andtimely geographic information.

Patient Care Environment Management —Managing the patient care environment has becomeincreasingly complex, requiring caregivers to havecritical information at their fingertips in a visuallypractical way. For example, in an emergency, thiswould mean being able to quickly locate all bedfastpatients throughout the entire facility so wheelchairscould be dispatched to those rooms. ArcView GIScan be easily linked directly to the many real-timeinformation systems running throughout the facilitysuch as the master patient census, clinical reposito-ries, medical records, or computer-aided design(CAD) based engineering drawings.

Resource Management —Knowing wheremedical equipment and supplies are located as wellas maintaining clinical equipment in a safe conditionare functions that require information that can bevisualized quickly. Linking the physical location andthe condition of equipment and/or supplies in a largeplant facility or in a widely distributed medicalcampus is a powerful new management tool.ArcView GIS can provide a visual link to otherenterprise applications that track resources and theirconsumption or deployment.

gissupportsthe researcher

Case Study

Dartmouth Health Care Atlas Data Viewer

“There are striking patterns

of variability across the

country that simply can’t

be explained by differences

in disease rates.”

–Jack Lord

American Hospital Association

USA Today, Oct. 15, 1997

The Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences (CECS) atDartmouth College (Hanover, New Hampshire) came toESRI to build a software solution for publishing Medicareoutcome data using a CD–ROM GIS viewer. CECS isstaffed by a diverse group of researchers interested inevaluating some fundamental questions in medicine: howwell medical procedures actually work, how to improvethe quality of medical and surgical care, and how healthcare resources are distributed and used.

This map and chart show the distribution of family practitioners per100,000 people in 1996 by hospital service area in Louisiana. The chartshows that the rate of family practitioners varies between 10 and 55 per100,000 people. The selected area is highlighted both on the map and chart.

The Dartmouth Data Viewer allows users to look at healthcare information in several different ways and displayinformation for three levels of geography: hospital referralregions (HRRs), hospital service areas (HSAs), and hospitals.Created by CECS, the 306 HRRs are the natural markets forthe use of tertiary care such as major cardiovascular surgery.The 3,436 HSAs represent the markets for care that can bedelivered locally—outpatient services and most acutehospital care.

Equipping the health

community with

tools that build

knowledge about

health and health

care—that is what

ESRI is all about.

Scalable Technology

Departmental GIS

Success begets success. Groups of people, perhapswithin a single department, begin to discover thevalue and benefits of using GIS. They witness theease of data integration, the attractiveness of colorfulmaps, and the power of persuasive presentation.ESRI software on the departmental server accesseslegacy data and enhances the desktop power of everyuser. Users begin to identify common applicationsthat will benefit the entire work group and enhancethe accessibility and utility of previously collected data.

Enterprise GIS

Departments now want to link themselves so thatapplications and data that are of common interest willbe easily accessible and available when they wantand need the information. Data that has a geographi-cal component resides in a central database thatreadily enables any data containing geographiccontent. Customizable ESRI geographic tools areinstalled on enterprise servers and provide a seamlessinterface for all GIS applications.

Internet GIS

Health organizations worldwide have begun to sharedata across the Internet. Sharing geographic data ismade easy with the use of ESRI’s Internet Map Servertechnology. From ArcView GIS to MapObjects, mapscontaining valuable and critical health data can bepublished quickly. Completely customizable, Internetmapping applications use standard programming envi-ronments such as Visual Basic®.

ESRI, a world leader in the rapidly expanding field of GIS,has over 100,000 client sites worldwide. ESRI was foundedin 1969 by Jack and Laura Dangermond as a consulting firm.ESRI continues to be privately held, and its outstandingreputation is built on decades of experience helping busi-nesses and organizations solve real-world problems usinggeographic information. ESRI offers a complete suite of GISsoftware packages; services to plan, implement, and main-tain your GIS; and a wealth of data sources to make yourGIS more powerful.

ESRI’s software is significantly more advanced than competitiveproducts in both functionality and quality. Substantial softwareenhancements, new product features, innovative training courses,and continual application development services make ESRI yourbest choice for GIS today and tomorrow.

“ESRI’s ultimate goal is to

provide you with a system

that will help you accom-

plish tasks faster, easier,

and better than by using

any other system.”

Jack Dangermond

ESRI Founder and President

esri: a company for the twenty-first century

ESRI Software SolutionsThe Clear Choice for the Science and Business of Health

ESRI software for the health field includes bothanalytical and descriptive solutions that address someof the most critical activities that involve healthorganizations. The challenges are awesome: when andwhere to intervene; how best to take preventiveaction; how to improve the quality of care, increasethe accessibility of services, provide more affordableservices, find better delivery modes, and preservepatient confidentiality...and the list goes on.

ESRI Professional Services

ESRI professional services can provide an additionaladvantage in the implementation of your geographicinformation system, ranging from defining yourrequirements to helping you integrate GIS into yourlegacy systems. ESRI’s Professional ServicesDivision, with a staff of over 200 specialists in systemplanning, application development, databasedevelopment, and implementation of geographicinformation system software, can provide an extrameasure of confidence in your GIS investments.

Consultation

Implementation

Applications

Database

Developers

ConsultantsResellers

solving problems—getting results

Partnerships in Progress

ESRI’s family of over 700 business partners andover 2,200 employees worldwide provides a networkof dedicated technical professionals who understandESRI technology and can provide the type of supportyou require. ESRI business partners can also developextensions to ESRI’s software that enhanceapplications in all areas of the health organization.

ESRI

Join ESRI’s global user community of health-basedprofessionals. ESRI health solutions provide healthprofessionals with the analysis resources to meettheir unique challenges. ESRI’s GIS software hasbeen applied by a wide range of health careprofessionals to get results and solve an array ofproblems, proving GIS to be an essential tool for thescience and business of health.

Copyright © 1999 Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. ESRI, MapObjects,BusinessMAP, ARC/INFO, and ArcView are trademarks of Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.,registered in the United States and certain other countries; registration is pending in the European Community.The ESRI globe logo, Spatial Database Engine, SDE, 3D Analyst, Atlas GIS, and ArcLogistics are trademarksand @esri.com and www.esri.com are service marks of Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.Netscape and the Netscape N logo are registered trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation inthe United States and other countries.Other companies and products mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks oftheir respective trademark owners.

81111CPG7.5M6/99pt

For over 30 years ESRI has been helping people manage and analyze geographic information. ESRI offers a framework forimplementing GIS in any organization with a seamless link from personal GIS on the desktop to enterprisewide GIS client/server

and data management systems. ESRI GIS solutions are flexible and can be customized to meet the needs of our users.ESRI is a full-service GIS company, ready to help you begin, grow, and build success with GIS.

ESRI™

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Printed in USA

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