H.E.A.L Presentation

The Cornell Team Deni RuggeriProfessor & Advisor

Lee Pouliot Focus Areas: Children Participatory Design Chicopee Identity Visioning Urban Design

Chris Hardy Focus Areas: Survey Statistics Brownfield Remediation Urban Design Chris Horton

Focus Areas: GIS inventory River Ecology

Chris GruberFocus Areas: Historic Preservation Architectural Salvage

Declan KeaneFocus Areas: Oral Histories River Ecology Hydrology Typologies

Uniroyal / Facemate Site

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Tighe & Bond

VHB

RKG

GZA

MASS Development

State Court

EPA

Facemate Corporation

Walter Mrozinski

MA Courts

UPS

UPS Lien

BETA

Gannet Flemming

Michelin

MA DEP

ECS

Agricola

MASS Historic

Stephen Jendrysik

City Council

Citizensof Chicopee

Mayor

KateSeniors

Tom

The Site

Redevelopment Plan

Tighe & Bond

VHB

RKG

GZA

MASS Development

BETA

Gannet Flemming

Michelin

MA DEP

ECS

Tom

Tom Haberlin, AICP Director of Economic Development

Community Contacts

City Council

Citizensof Chicopee

Mayor

KateSeniors

Tom

Kate Brown, Director of Planning and Conservation

Community Contacts

Agricola

MASS Historic

Stephen Jendrysik

Tom

Stephen Jendrysik, Historian

Community Contacts

MASS Historical Commission (MHC)Preservation Regulating Agency. Most of the buildings on the site are registered as historic. MASS Historic must approve all demolitions before they occur. The agency has already approved the oldest facotry on site for demolition due to its poor structual integrity. Contact: http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc

Stephen Jendrysik (City Historian)Mr. Jendrysik is a local history expert. Through his access to historical data he can facilite the redevelopment process and preservation priorities. His primary interest in the site beyond preservation is the development of a local history museum. He would like to see building #3 refurbished. Contact: [email protected]

Michelin (Corporation)Michelin bought Uniroyal Tire in 1989. With the aquisition, Michelin not only aquired the company, but also all of the liability associated with the company per CERCLA and the RCRA. As a result, the corporation has had to pay for the clean-up process on the Uniroyal site.Contact: http://www.michelin-us.com/communityrelations/

Tom Haberlin (City Economic Development Director)Mr. Haberlin is both the client's representative and also can be considered the project manager for this Redevelopment Plan. Mr. Haberlin assembled the redevelopment team and is guiding communication and the process. Mr. Haberlin is also the Cornell Team's primary contact.Contact: [email protected]

Kate Brown (City Planning Director)Ms. Brown is the City Planner, and also conservation officer. Ms. Brown will be insturmental in any zoning issues or proposals for conservation areas and parks.Contact: [email protected]

Michael D. Bissonnette (Mayor)Mr. Bissonnette has made the redevelopment of this site a priority for his administration. This includes not only the removal of the hazards and providing a pedestrian connection to the site , but also constructing the new Senior Center somewhere on the properties.Contact: [email protected]

Mass Development (Public Authority)Allocator of the state-sponsored Brownfield Redevelopment Grant. As such, the redevelopment project is accountable to Mass Development both for how they choose to allocate funds, and in anticipation for the application for future funds.Contact: Edmund Starzec, [email protected]

BETA Group LLC. (LSP)BETA Group is contracted as the LSP, paid for by the grant from Mass Development. BETA Group compiled all the contamination data already produced into one searchable document to facilitate the remediation processContact: Alan Hanscom, [email protected]

RKG (Real Estate Consulting Firm)RKG provided the market assessment to gauge what development product typologies and demand could be anticipated for the site. Due to no immediate demand, their projections projected 20 years into the future.Contact: [email protected]

VHB (Urban Design Firm)VHB is contracted to develop a master plan for the future development that could occur on this site.Contact: Geoffry Logan [email protected]

Agricola

MASS Historic

Stephen Jendrysik

Tom

Historic Preservation

City Council

Citizensof Chicopee

Mayor

KateSeniors

Tom

Local GovernmentM

MA Courts

State Court

EPA

Facemate Corporation

Walter Mrozinski

MA Courts

UPS

UPS Lien

BETA

Gannet Flemming

Michelin

MA DEP

ECS

Tom

Legal Oversight

Tighe & Bond

VHB

RKG

GZA

MASS Development

BETA

Gannet Flemming

Michelin

MA DEP

ECS

Tom

Redevelopment Master Plan

Project Participants

Professional Shadows

7 Oral History Participants

404 Survey Participants

682 Student Participants

& Many organizations that shared information

CORNELL UNIVERSITY C. GRUBER; C. HARDY; C. HORTON; D. KEANE; L. POULIOT;

H.E.A.L. CHICOPEEHealth, Ecology, Activity, Legacy

Our Approach:

Ask for community knowledge and opinionsResearch alternative land use typologiesDesign an adaptable framework for the site



Primary Framework Components:

Health:Address on-site contamination issues.Determine which activity and sport landscape program is most desired by the citizens of Chicopee.

Ecology:Envision Factory Village within a new environmental context.Address existing pollution issues.Reveal ecology through access and interpretation.

Activity:Trigger a new socially active and appropriate program.Create an Urban Design that would enable development.

Legacy: Showcase the history of the site and city.Preserve identity generating elements.

H.E.A.L. CHICOPEE


Health, Ecology, Activity, LegacyH.E.A.L. CHICOPEE

Ask: Community SurveyOnline Survey Tool

299 Respondents

Paper Survey Tool

105 Respondents

NOTE: The number of responses for the survey is large enough to be considered representative of the city population, as long as the sampling bias is considered. All mean values from the results would not be expected to change greater than +/- 5% if the entire population of Chicopee had participated.



Ask: Community Survey

Worked on the site when it was active 2.07%Worked on the site after it was abandoned 1.38%A family member worked on the site 18.76%Informally explored the site 9.79%Driven past the site 43.17%Walked past the site 21.38%Not familiar with the site 3.45%

Experience with the site:



Ask: Community SurveyMemories of the site:

I still remember the smell of rubber in the air as I grew up.

My father and grandfathers worked for Fisk/Uniroyal. As a child, I was able to watch tires being made.

My family came here from Poland and these factories are how they survived. My grandfather and his father worked for savage arms, my great grandmother worked for Johnson and Johnson and was even involved in the first strike, - my aunts and uncles were foremen at Uniroyal. Please clean this area up and make it a resource for Chicopee again.



Ask: Community SurveyPreservation Priorities:

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

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Ask: Community SurveyPreservation Priorities:



Ask: Community SurveyProgram Priorities:

Top Programs:

Ask: Community Survey

Recreational Trails 57%Picnic Areas 55%Nature Reserves 38%

Restaurants 37%Senior Center 33%Local History Museum 32%

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40%

50%

60%

30%

40%

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Ask: Community SurveyVisioning:

parks and jobs

I would like to see a thriving downtown area with shops, restaurants, not what is currently there. I want to see the community become more of a cultural center.

A Family Friendly Area that showcases the beauty of the river and the natural surroundings by the river. It would also be great to have a museum that speaks to the industrial past of this city.

I would love to see Uniroyal/Facemate property cleaned up and a recreational facility turned into something that could be used be the whole Chicopee Community.



Survey Conclusions:1. The citizens of Chicopee want a waterfront park.

2. The Chicopee River is already a recognized and used asset for the City. Nevertheless, there is a clear demand for more access. This redevelopment project is perfectly situated to satisfy the demand.

3. There is a need for local history education in Chicopee that is currently not being satisfied.

4. The Facemate building tower is the most iconic structure on the site. Funds allocated for preservation should prioritize this tower prior to any other structure, in terms of public opinion.

5. Some of the citizens of Chicopee want more restaurants, a senior center, a movie theater, more shopping and a local history museum.



Ask: Student Participation

The development of the student visioning process to complement the community survey resulted from a number of influences. As discussed by Hugh Matthews of the Centre for Children and Youth, Nene Centre for Research, University College Northampton, "Despite the current emphasis on involving communities in the regeneration of their own neighborhoods, young people are still seemingly invisible in decision-making processes."

Visioning Process:



Ask: Student ParticipationSCIOP Lesson Plan:



Ask: Student ParticipationVisioning Exercise:

H.E.A.L ChicopeeHealth, Ecology, Activity, Legacy...

A citys seal showcases unique or special elements within the community.

20 years from now, what makes Chicopee unique or special and how might these be represented in a new city seal?

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Ask: Student ParticipationResponse:

Civic

Chicopee's Factories

Development

River

Community

Park

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Ask: Student ParticipationStudent Participation Conclusions:

1. The students of Chicopee envision a new park as a defining future element within the city.

2. While the park framework may have been the most popular, students' civic pride and patriotism cannot be overlooked during the revelopment process.

3. The top seal elements also point to a desire of students to interact more with the natural world.

4. Further options should be explored for the continued inolvement of younger generations in the redevlopment process. A dialogue has been initiated; if Matthews model is followed, the next phase of the community action is 'Reconstruction,' where adults work to the benefit of children.



Research: PreservationPrecedent for Remnant Preservation:

Facemate Tower

Uniroyal Office

Building #3

W. Main Building



Ask: Student ParticipationPreservation Conclusions:1. 53% of survey respondents want to see the Facemate Tower preserved. The surrounding building is unsound, but the tower can be stabilized and reinforced.

2. Building #3 on the Facemate site is structurally sound and can be rehabilitated, preferably into a local history museum.

3. The Uniroyal office building is seen as icon and should be saved if possible.

4. Remnants of the other buildings and structures can be kept as ruins to preserve the historic identity of Factory Village and Chicopee Falls.

5. Regardless of what redevelopment plans move forward, salvaged materials such as bricks and steel should be reused on site to preserve the historic identity.



Research: WaterMaximizing site assets & function:

Slotted Inlet pipe(Storm water)

Distributionmedium 3/4 aggregate

Substrate (soil, gravel or sand)

Effluent outlet pipe (treated water)

Slope 1%

Slope 1%Waterproof membrane prevents waste water from making contact with ground water

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Site Boundary

Special AE Flood Zone HazardDraft fema Q3 flood insurance Maps, Mass GIS

X 500

Contour Lines at 10ft

Tributaries

Existing conditions



Ask: Student ParticipationWater Conclusions:1. The site extended riverfront provides an opportunity for river recreation that is currently not met on the Chicopee River.

2. The current flood protection minimizes ecological and flood abatement functions of the river.

3. The current point source pollution sites can be treated on site before discharging into the river.

4. Habitat can be constructed on site through vernal pools for a large variety of species, including 9 threatened or endangered species endemic to Western Massachusetts.



Bioventing through transpiration (VOCs & some SVOCs)

Phytoaccumulation of heavy metals - plant material must be removed (orders of magnitude less mass for removal)

Phytostabilization through sorbtion (some heavy metals, fuel oil, and SVOCs)Figure 14: Phytoremediation section

Heavy metal contaminated groundwater

Well intake in the middle of the saturated contaminated layer

Subsurface horizontal flow wetland system with plantings designed for extraction of specific compounds

Monitoring pool

Figure 17: Constructed wetland treatment.

Research: Brownfield

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Ask: Student ParticipationBrownfield Conclusions:1. Areas with no documented contamination can be pushed through the acquisition of liability waivers from the DEPs voluntary cleanup program.

2. The former Uniroyal portion of the site has the most documented contamination of the site. As such, this site is limited in terms of fiscal feasibility for residential infill due to the massive remediation costs to bring the site up to residential standards.

3. The incorporation of community participation through visioning, volunteer service and education is a key asset currently not used to its fullest extent to persuade federal and further state allocation of resources.

4. If the remediation becomes part of a park development, Michelin can change the status of their payments from compliance to tax deductible community service.

5. All the contamination documented on the site qualifies for in-situ treatment typologies that do not prevent human access to the site. The remediation site can double as a park.



Concept Statement:

Changing Ecology. Changing Community.

The Uniroyal / Facemate Redevelopment is an opportunity for the City of Chicopee to look to its future. Since the current market conditions require a long term strategy due to low development pressure, the City has the time to develop a vision for what Chicopee should aspire to be.

This framework has been developed from the recorded opinions of 1,093 citizens and represents a wholistic vision for the City.

The people of Chicopee want to see a green future. More public amenities within a walkable context, recreation by the Chicopee River and economic development. This framework enables a vision of nature balanced with urban culture.



Developing the FrameworkLocal Amenities & Potential Development Drivers

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Developing the Framework



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1. Engineered breach in the flood wall & constructed wetlandsEx. (http://www.nan.usace.army.mil/project/newjers/factsh/pdf/120604/AppendixC.pdf)

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A long term vision can heal the broken site.

The framework overlays these systems and programs into a unified plan. This plan enables the city to grow within and around the Uniroyal / Facemate site, fixing the broken connections between site and city.



The Framework (Activity)Enabling strategy for new developmentArmature for a variety of potential infill development projectsSeeds roads and utilities to provide the incentive to entice developers to overlook the site's brownfield stigma.

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The space between the Facemate Tower and the Facemate Office building is prime for flexible active recreational lawn space.

One of the major opportunities on the site is reforestation. In areas that are not suitable for redevelop-ment, based on either flood protec-tion or contamination, reforestation is a value add strategy for the City of Chicopee. In Massachusetts, the Reforestation Act of 1908 still sets the legal framework for sponsored reforestation efforts, including the subsidized provision of saplings for planting.

For reforestation information, please refer to:http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/massachusetts-state-forester/reforestation-in-massachu-setts-hci/page-2-reforestation-in-massachusetts-hci.shtml

Program: Reforestation & Upland Phytoremediation

Program: Flexible Recreation Space

This area is set aside to remediate the PCB contaminated soil with saphrotrophic fungi. The roses are used both to stabilize the soil and to discourage contact. For more information, please refer to the Remediation Plan in Chapter 6.

Program: PCB Rose Garden Phytore-mediation

One of the programs that repeated came up during the survey was more play for children to participate in active recreation. The highest non-trail activity ranked on the sur-vey for open space was baseball, with 22% voting for more fields.

Program: Baseball Field

The most popular activity on the survey was a riverfront trail. This trail should accommodate both pedestrians and cyclists, and con-nect to Chicopee Center.

Program:

Riverfront Trail

Chicopee currently does not have a large public outdoor performance venue. The historic Fisk and more recent Uniroyal factory buildings can be salvaged to create seating and a back wall for a stage. This wall can double as a projection screen, and the parking lot cap on contaminated soils can double as a drive-in movie theater. Together, these programs can activate the site and show its history. A prec-edent for the Amphitheater is the Scott Arboretum, at Swarthmore College (http://www.scottarbore-tum.org/gardentour/amphitheater/). In this case, the gravity walls are suggested to be made out of reclaimed materials from the demo-lition of existing buildings.

Program: Amphitheater & Drive In, (Precedent: Leicester, MA) The treatment wetland can be

used to both remediate heavy metal contaminated groundwater (Remediation Plan, chapter 6), and primary CSO overflows. For more information please see: (http://www.rain-barrel.net/living-machine.html) (http://backspace.com/notes/2003/07/the-living-machine.php)

Program: Treatment Wetland

We suggest that the former Canal should be excavated to determine contamination status and also to construct a bioswale. This bioswale can feed into the wetland system connected to the river. This rain canal can become an amenity, with a pedestrian promenade along the trail and housing / mixed-use frontage on the trail. Please see Chapter 7.

Program: Bioswale

The Framework Landscape Program



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A large office anchor tenant is a key part of ensuring that the framework is still relevant in a high-growth scenario. If the City of Chicopee begins to grow dramati-cally, or if a business decides to relocate headquarters to Chicopee, the south end of the site could be a great location for office units. To attract an anchor tenant the City may have to go beyond the site liability waiver, infrastructure and park development. Tax increment financing is one of many available tools to promote this infill devel-opment.For a comparison of economic development incentives, please refer to : http://uar.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/23/1/37

If the Uniroyal and Facemate Office buildings are determined to be structurally sound, Federal Rehab tax credits may be available to offset refurbishment costs (Chapter 5). http://www.preservationnation.org/issues/rehabilitation-tax-credits/

Program: Anchor Commercial Tenant

Program: Refurbishment of Buildings

A local grocery would facilitate the development of the residential neighborhoods. Chicopee Falls does not have a grocery within walk-ing distance. For a study on grocery store location analysis, please see: http://www.okc.gov/Planning/super-market/supermarket_study.pdf.

These areas are either currently ready for redevelopment or can be in the near future. These areas will be the core of the additional tax base and an extension of the Chicopee Falls Community. The form of this infill is based on LEED ND standards of compacity, connectivity, and density (http://www.usgbc.org/DisplayPage.aspx?CMSPageID=148). Product types include low density single family attached townhouses and high density 8 story multifamily apartment or condo buildings. In Chapter 8, these standards are projected into the future to show infill possibilities.

Program: Development

Program: Grocery Store

Based on the results of community participation, there is a high interest in a small movie theater to be located in or around downtown Chicopee. Many remember the Rivoli, and would like to see that amenity avail-able to the community again. This site has a greyfield that is already large enough for a two screen miniplex with parking. This program could combine with the showing of films in Michelin Park. For this to happen, the City will need to com-mission a consultant to develop a market study that can be submitted to a variety of theater vendors. The steps for theater market analysis can be found at: http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/downtowns/dma/12.cfm

Program: Miniplex Movie Theater

Industrial Remnant

Fishing / Canoe Kayak Access

Civic Amenity (Senior Center and Museum)



Native wild roses as a vegetative cap and contact deterrent for PCB mounds

White rot fungus spores mixed with wood chips and soil to facili-tate biodegradation

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H.E.A.L.Multiple Program Places: Recreation, Ecosystem Services and Flood Abatement



H.E.A.L.Multiple Program Places: Recreation, Preservation, Branding and Land Banking



H.E.A.L.Interconnected Systems

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H.E.A.L. 20 Year VisionNo Market for Development

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CORNELL UNIVERSITY C. GRUbER; C. HaRdY; C. HORTON; d. KEaNE; L. POULIOT;



Michel

in Park

Church Street

Broad

way S

treet

Court S

treet

Grove Street

E. M

ain Street

W. Main Street

Oak S

treet

Waln

ut S

treet

Pine

Stre

et

Grov

e Stre

et

Ames Green

Senior Center

Museum

Chico

pee River

Chicopee River Park

Community Collabo-ration

Live, Learn and Play

Walkable Neigh-borhood

Post Industrial Parks



H.E.A.L. 20 Year VisionHigh Market for Development

Michel

in Park

Church Street

Broad

way S

treet

Front Street

Court S

treet

Grove Street

E. M

ain Street

W. Main Street

Oak S

treet

Miniplex

Canal Neighborhood

Factory Village

Church Street Infill

Knitt

ing

Mill

Lane

Grocery

Commercial / Office Center

Waln

ut S

treet

Pine

Stre

et

Grov

e Stre

et

Elle

rton

Stre

et

Wheatl

and Ave

nue

Facemate G

reen

Senior Center

Museum

Chico

pee Rive

rChicopee River Park




Michel

in Park

Church Street

Court S

treet

Grove Street

W. Main Street

Oak S

treet

Waln

ut S

treet

Pine

Stre

et

Ames Green

Senior Center

Museum

Chico

pee River

Chicopee River Park

Green IndustryIndustrial Remnant Eco-logical Restoration Parks

Walkable, Dense Neighborhood

New Gateway to the City




Final Presentation1Final Presentation 2Final Presentation2.2

Documents

H.E.A.L Presentation