Header 2-1    DATA2-1: Verbal and SAT scores of first year undergraduate students vsat = Verbal SAT score (Range 200 - 700) msat = Math SAT score (Range 330 - 770)

SAMPLE 1 427READ (DATA2-1) vsat msat / BYVAR

430 600 550 690 420 540 330 450 370 420 530 620 620 690 470 570 620 750 470 500 490 660 590 610 530 410 530 730 650 580 640 680 570 640 660 660 690 530 400 500 570 450 650 550 430 490 490 410 390 600 480 620 580 710 510 470 550 520 340 480 550 550 600 580 560 530 480 640 490 430 520 590 510 670 560 510 490 410 490 580 630 640 310 510 630 650 390 370 560 530 390 350 510 460 480 530 480 400

600 600 620 610 600 670 480 420 490 430 560 550 530 540 460 520 390 520 560 710 390 580 370 420 440 400 510 590 410 520 320 710 420 560 270 710 650 550 540 770 250 660 540 600 530 660 460 600 450 450 570 720 380 360 490 420 540 500 500 540 580 570 600 620 480 500 440 630 470 610 500 530 550 610 350 450 500 470 420 440 560 530 400 430 580 600 480 380 590 590 360 560 470 680 510 440 670 680 590 590 270 480 370 470 460 620 500 640 470 470 520 570 450 410 540 640 480 580

560 660 500 540 560 570 510 630 370 330 510 600 400 770 600 610 470 400 570 570 540 680 370 380 560 600 570 620 590 580 440 440 660 570 540 640 400 530 500 640 540 510 450 600 490 570 640 560 470 440 460 510 430 620 470 400 410 410 590 660 450 710 450 490 490 460 610 660 530 600 540 660 600 630 470 500 380 540 510 630 670 670 550 650 430 430 420 660 580 680 600 700 500 610 590 680 440 590 470 650 510 610 630 510 580 450 310 500 320 650 550 710 480 660 510 680 430 380

610 580 540 760 560 620 670 670 500 590 400 500 530 500 530 530 540 690 440 530 450 530 600 740 490 570 530 630 550 640 390 580 490 630 540 620 510 510 520 670 650 730 440 520 590 640 670 680 560 600 520 630 430 510 440 660 520 560 580 680 340 380 400 600 540 620 450 510 570 640 430 520 500 570 450 600 500 690 300 420 360 610 560 640 470 580 330 660 300 620 500 570 520 620 430 530 550 430 440 640 640 490 690 600 480 530 490 470 400 660 460 410 580 610 470 640 500 540

270 420 410 680 370 420 500 470 410 510 550 600 350 650 350 440 490 420 480 530 510 540 570 610 470 550 490 570 570 620 430 480 640 590 570 560 480 540 550 600 450 590 410 510 530 550 490 600 680 690 650 640 630 650 660 620 430 550 490 510 440 460 330 490 550 650 500 530 570 590 530 700 520 420 460 630 660 610 530 650 580 620 560 640 270 510 270 550 410 440 490 530 580 520 580 610 280 350 450 520 460 490 600 710 540 530 410 450 500 530 450 710 570 630 460 520 540 630

530 410 540 630 550 480 570 570 550 690 640 700 380 590 520 660 520 610 570 570 560 710 510 380 540 540 530 570 270 500 520 640 470 450 500 660 630 680 410 480 430 460 460 400 580 620 640 760 620 710 500 550 700 590 370 400 620 670 490 650 620 620 550 460 530 750 490 470 510 620 410 510 450 520 440 510 550 600 670 540 630 600 690 590 460 390 480 550 600 680 560 660 400 500 470 510 580 520 570 680 540 610 520 540 510 540 440 580 550 550 500 610 570 530 440 540 480 630

300 490 430 410 430 460 480 600 540 550 670 650 650 600 500 420 530 510 490 470 570 650 390 510 470 530 570 700 470 700 500 530 480 560 380 390 560 580 660 630 430 340 410 530 500 560 530 530 440 540 350 510 540 640 430 450 520 510 660 770 530 450 610 660 590 510 650 580 640 650 560 640 470 580 200 580 580 590 500 380 500 530 480 540 500 720 450 400 580 600 330 440 640 650 530 420 470 550 370 350 260 550 470 480 480 590 530 750 450 510 530 610 520 670 640 620 650 470

440 520 540 630 450 590 490 670 320 620 520 660 420 530 510 740 520 550 420 510 660 680 530 560 390 500 510 480 470 550 540 740 440 610 470 660 420 690 600 530 410 470 620 600 520 620 700 620

Header 2-2DATA2-2: High school and College GPA of undergraduate students Data reflect the first year achievement. colgpa = Grade point average in college (Range 0.85 - 3.97) hsgpa = High school GPA (Range 2.29 - 4.5)

SAMPLE 1 427READ (DATA2-2) colgpa hsgpa / BYVAR

2.80 3.423.54 3.562.88 3.132.15 3.272.22 3.383.31 4.132.13 3.952.39 3.813.01 4.332.68 2.852.66 4.052.96 3.572.34 3.353.13 3.613.46 3.832.92 3.562.15 3.433.00 3.522.42 3.141.77 3.192.33 3.383.80 4.163.22 3.332.53 3.56

2.37 3.253.12 4.052.54 3.273.56 3.123.25 4.062.32 3.613.00 4.313.71 3.693.43 3.153.22 3.412.82 3.002.64 3.452.40 4.001.77 3.283.13 2.812.65 3.292.74 3.792.41 3.502.86 3.702.56 3.503.28 3.612.34 3.162.67 3.642.62 3.932.54 3.892.04 3.523.20 4.193.30 3.892.36 3.952.49 3.062.95 3.722.12 3.383.05 3.692.67 3.562.71 3.283.16 3.791.11 3.211.81 3.002.80 2.712.56 3.303.87 4.002.07 3.503.78 3.752.61 3.412.83 3.942.46 4.083.50 3.812.85 4.113.48 3.562.70 3.893.24 3.802.36 3.553.28 3.202.65 3.253.14 3.683.04 3.683.38 3.442.81 3.502.61 3.83

2.48 3.352.98 3.002.42 3.391.81 3.503.08 3.711.97 2.692.55 3.672.85 3.191.84 4.002.08 3.682.00 3.572.60 3.213.15 3.822.36 2.883.20 3.952.57 3.312.37 3.252.93 3.882.96 3.443.10 3.252.21 2.752.90 4.051.71 2.762.78 3.802.15 3.683.60 4.182.36 3.133.21 3.473.55 3.902.47 3.002.90 3.553.36 3.752.86 3.942.47 2.293.35 4.062.18 3.702.69 3.442.01 3.751.95 3.002.81 3.632.72 3.943.34 3.502.79 3.063.81 3.173.15 3.312.65 3.672.66 3.732.98 3.313.00 3.502.33 3.002.84 3.052.55 3.432.18 3.052.31 2.573.86 3.703.42 3.733.47 3.691.90 3.803.31 3.00

3.52 4.302.71 3.612.36 3.883.97 4.002.58 3.133.23 3.952.88 3.173.24 4.052.86 3.503.28 3.312.51 2.673.18 4.352.46 3.703.72 3.892.91 3.432.37 3.753.13 3.333.38 4.153.05 3.501.74 3.662.94 3.522.82 3.392.70 3.353.05 3.891.23 3.133.57 4.103.41 4.072.55 3.383.66 4.152.61 3.552.61 3.753.55 3.222.62 4.213.39 4.002.25 4.112.83 3.443.56 4.283.67 4.002.51 3.893.11 3.702.31 3.693.27 3.872.07 3.392.55 3.563.28 3.783.33 4.222.34 3.483.67 3.252.80 3.872.77 3.353.11 3.332.87 3.132.94 3.003.42 3.472.29 3.812.06 3.383.34 4.382.36 3.812.79 3.75

3.88 4.242.67 3.922.22 3.942.20 3.892.52 2.902.44 3.503.68 3.532.15 3.672.78 3.301.85 3.062.96 3.803.25 3.753.32 3.952.23 3.613.47 3.503.20 3.692.77 3.712.94 3.753.11 4.272.45 3.162.01 3.812.42 2.943.27 3.892.72 3.122.88 4.001.66 3.433.84 3.862.80 2.701.90 2.692.48 3.593.10 3.062.49 3.752.67 3.532.44 3.812.71 3.382.44 3.223.16 3.502.95 3.303.37 3.473.87 4.002.71 3.633.30 3.892.31 4.122.50 3.503.32 3.442.40 3.822.28 3.332.96 3.632.42 3.193.89 3.383.77 4.062.80 3.521.25 3.183.32 4.113.26 3.422.45 2.562.13 3.052.89 3.222.00 3.18

2.95 3.273.60 4.113.82 4.332.00 3.613.24 4.102.85 3.893.74 4.003.70 4.053.00 3.593.59 3.693.40 3.943.26 4.002.35 3.713.71 3.132.21 2.932.45 3.582.05 3.293.65 3.912.90 3.003.40 3.582.75 3.642.43 3.672.53 3.782.68 3.392.85 4.192.36 3.312.83 3.552.98 3.172.19 3.253.39 3.701.57 3.363.21 3.783.37 4.003.02 3.812.31 3.063.29 3.382.50 4.002.52 2.942.42 4.153.55 3.683.39 4.003.33 3.113.41 3.832.45 3.352.21 3.052.23 2.882.93 3.272.71 3.383.53 4.202.81 3.771.78 3.502.91 4.242.72 3.752.89 4.003.28 3.723.10 3.131.90 2.652.50 2.592.03 2.71

2.48 3.552.43 3.312.25 3.332.62 2.843.78 4.002.60 3.722.24 2.383.56 4.113.04 2.733.29 3.723.43 4.212.57 3.722.70 3.552.59 3.552.54 3.002.91 3.812.71 3.783.16 3.112.81 3.722.18 3.072.46 2.892.58 3.802.61 3.643.17 4.063.20 4.202.53 3.922.75 2.572.75 3.702.10 2.802.94 4.223.78 3.952.50 3.852.61 2.783.14 3.092.47 3.562.61 3.252.62 3.532.85 3.372.52 3.562.80 3.472.04 3.882.44 3.752.59 3.143.40 3.813.28 4.132.47 3.392.92 3.783.15 3.132.52 3.782.67 3.702.15 2.503.17 3.822.82 3.352.32 2.943.75 4.202.01 2.553.69 4.222.96 3.453.01 3.89

2.20 3.761.57 3.672.17 3.953.00 3.673.20 3.883.11 3.142.83 4.271.81 4.073.24 3.311.41 2.503.27 3.501.57 3.603.25 4.212.47 2.703.40 3.932.50 2.822.66 4.132.32 3.312.78 4.053.24 4.053.28 2.613.42 3.883.05 3.443.57 3.743.14 4.142.33 3.722.75 3.391.95 2.532.48 3.422.35 3.723.37 3.842.94 3.503.77 4.503.00 3.351.96 2.892.81 4.222.69 3.560.85 3.042.60 3.752.30 3.502.78 4.432.23 4.062.80 3.812.82 3.712.25 3.262.72 3.723.42 3.722.14 3.603.32 3.76DATA2-3: Annual data for the U.S. on unemployment and inflation rates and wage growth. Source: 1996 Economic Report of the President. Unemp = Civilian unemployment rate, Table B-38 cpi = Consumer price index (1982-84 = 100), Table B-56 infl = Percent change in CPI (inflation rate) calculated as 100*[CPI(t) - CPI(t-1)]/CPI(t-1) wggr = Percent change in average weekly earnings, in current dollars, Table B-43

SAMPLE 1 37READ (DATA2-3) year unemp cpi infl wggr

1959 5.2 29.1 0.69 4.91960 5.4 29.6 1.72 2.41961 6.4 29.9 1.01 2.41962 5.2 30.2 1.00 4.01963 5.7 30.6 1.32 3.01964 5.2 31.0 1.31 3.21965 4.5 31.5 1.61 4.51966 3.8 32.4 2.86 3.51967 3.8 33.4 3.09 3.11968 3.6 34.8 4.19 5.81969 3.5 36.7 5.46 6.41970 4.9 38.8 5.72 4.61971 5.9 40.5 4.38 6.21972 5.6 41.8 3.21 7.51973 4.9 44.4 6.22 6.21974 5.6 49.3 11.04 6.41975 8.5 53.8 9.13 5.71976 7.7 56.9 5.76 7.31977 7.1 60.6 6.50 7.71978 6.1 65.2 7.59 7.81979 5.8 72.6 11.35 8.01980 7.1 82.4 13.50 6.91981 7.6 90.9 10.32 8.51982 9.7 96.5 6.16 4.71983 9.6 99.6 3.21 5.01984 7.5 103.9 4.32 4.31985 7.2 107.6 3.56 2.11986 7.0 109.6 1.86 1.91987 6.2 113.6 3.65 2.51988 5.5 118.3 4.14 3.01989 5.3 124.0 4.82 3.81990 5.5 130.7 5.40 3.31991 6.7 136.2 4.21 2.51992 7.4 140.3 3.01 2.71993 6.8 144.5 2.99 2.81994 6.1 148.2 2.56 3.41995 5.6 152.4 2.83 2.4

DATA3-1: Selling price and living area of single family homes in University City community of San Diego, in 1990. sqft = Square feet of living area (Range 1065 - 3000) price = Sale price is in thousands of dollars (Range 199.9 - 505)

SAMPLE 1 14READ (DATA3-1) sqft price

199.9 1065 228 1254 235 1300 285 1577 239 1600 293 1750

285 1800 365 1870 295 1935 290 1948 385 2254 505 2600 425 2800 415 3000

DATA3-2: Aggregate personal income and expenditures on health care, both measured in billions of dollars, 1993, for U.S. States and D.C. Source: 1995 Statistical Abstract of the U.S. exphlth = Personal Health Care Expenditures, Table 153, Page 111, Range 0.998 - 9.029. income = Personal Income, Table 712, Page 460, Range 9.3 - 64.1.

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA3-2) exphlth income

0.998 9.3 1.499 11.2 4.285 17.1 1.573 13.8 2.021 10.9 2.260 15.3 1.953 12.8 2.103 14.6 3.428 21.2 2.277 19.3 3.452 25.1 3.485 27.4 3.433 23.3 3.747 31.6 4.400 31.7 3.878 26.4 5.197 29.4 4.118 30.0 6.111 38.8 6.903 50.3 6.187 38.9 7.341 51.6 7.999 59.0 8.041 55.012.216 92.310.066 76.6 9.029 61.210.384 64.110.635 71.312.060 71.613.014 71.314.194 94.915.154 118.514.502 99.916.203 93.915.949 102.415.129 114.516.401 109.6

23.421 146.9 6.682 140.220.104 132.918.241 129.825.741 211.227.136 194.733.456 217.934.747 263.641.521 256.044.811 283.449.816 345.067.033 450.694.178 683.5

DATA3-3: Annual data on U.S. Patents and R&D expenditures R&D expenditures, billions of 1992 dollars obtained as the ratio of expenditure on current dollars divided by the GDP price deflator. (Range 57.94 - 166.7) Source for R&D expenditures, 1995 Statistical Abstract of the U.S., Table 979, Page 611, and earlier issues Source for GDP deflator, 1996 Economic Report of the President, Table B-3, Page 284. Patents are the number of applications filed, in thousands (Range 84.5 - 189.4) Source: Statistical Abstract of the U.S., various years.

SAMPLE 1 34READ (DATA3-3) YEAR RD PATENTS

1960 84.5 57.941961 88.2 60.591962 90.4 64.441963 91.1 70.661964 93.2 76.831965 100.4 80.001966 93.5 84.821967 93.0 86.841968 98.7 88.811969 104.4 88.281970 109.4 85.291971 111.1 83.181972 105.3 85.071973 109.6 86.721974 107.4 85.451975 108.0 83.411976 110.0 87.441977 109.0 90.111978 109.3 94.501979 108.9 99.281980 113.0 103.641981 114.5 108.771982 118.4 113.961983 112.4 121.721984 120.6 133.331985 127.1 144.781986 133.0 148.391987 139.8 150.90

1988 151.9 154.361989 166.3 157.191990 176.7 161.861991 178.4 164.541992 187.2 166.701993 189.4 165.20

DATA3-4: Data on Adjusted Gross Income and Taxes by States (1992), including the District of Columbia. Source: 1995 Statistical Abstract of the U.S., Table 537, Page 347 tax = Total income tax in billions of current dollars (Range 0.895 - 62.48) income = Adjusted gross income in billions of current dollars (Range 6.198 - 453.941)

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA3-4) tax income

1.835 14.947 2.525 17.825 0.947 7.41714.551 99.257 1.880 14.13910.846 67.08843.144 291.69022.328 148.62623.306 168.77819.741 148.23010.066 75.25726.720 181.32217.823 131.884 9.137 69.841 9.149 67.253 4.496 34.818 9.037 66.759 0.963 7.228 1.129 8.071 2.691 20.431 4.570 33.449 1.504 11.11411.401 84.009 1.559 10.22613.334 96.314 2.263 18.24311.137 88.167 5.014 41.73311.878 89.56827.732 187.754 5.297 41.645 8.729 62.725 6.126 47.859 2.865 24.286 3.092 24.763 5.992 45.044 4.556 35.34232.855 224.455 1.165 9.168

1.580 12.478 0.895 6.198 7.366 52.167 2.119 17.171 6.107 47.305 2.524 21.057 3.456 22.04111.940 81.105 5.145 39.71162.480 453.941 1.504 9.747 2.472 18.399

DATA3-5: Sealing compound shipment data - compiled by Rodney Random Monthly data for the period January 1983 through May 1990 Q = shipments of sealing compound used in construction in gallons/month (Range 90 - 7723) P = price per gallon in dollars (Range 5.48 - 14.21)

SAMPLE 1 89READ (DATA3-5) period Q P

1983.01 120 9.901983.02 829 8.741983.03 1928 5.481983.04 930 8.971983.05 722 9.491983.06 2184 8.451983.07 2632 8.751983.08 4799 7.351983.09 3185 8.581983.10 6202 8.731983.11 2234 8.671983.12 1806 8.561984.01 1692 8.001984.02 1865 7.801984.03 3587 7.731984.04 1975 8.081984.05 3619 8.111984.06 2560 7.801984.07 4135 8.581984.08 1648 8.721984.09 1555 10.041984.10 1626 8.571984.11 2685 8.711984.12 627 8.841985.01 484 9.201985.02 781 9.071985.03 2527 9.361985.04 2108 8.691985.05 3986 9.221985.06 1909 8.691985.07 2609 8.471985.08 7723 7.841985.09 7149 8.341985.10 3417 8.071985.11 3980 8.18

1985.12 2230 8.861986.01 4225 8.251986.02 1045 13.691986.03 3475 8.491986.04 4320 8.321986.05 4910 8.291986.06 2265 13.481986.07 2655 11.211986.08 4120 8.241986.09 1095 8.261986.10 3740 7.761986.11 680 8.591986.12 6

DATA3-6: Per capita disposable personal income (Yt) and personal consumption expenditures (Ct) in the U.S. in constant 1992 dollars. year = 1959-94, 36 observations Ct = Personal consumption expenditures in constant 1992 dollars Range 7876 - 17152 Yt = Per capita disposable personal income in constant 1992 dollars, Range 8641 - 18320 Source: 1996 Economic Report of the President, Table B-27, Page 311

SAMPLE 1 36READ (DATA3-6) year Ct Yt

1959 7876 86411960 7926 86601961 7954 87941962 8220 90771963 8434 92741964 8817 98051965 9257 102921966 9674 107151967 9854 110611968 10313 114481969 10593 117081970 10717 120221971 10975 123451972 11508 127701973 11950 135391974 11756 133101975 11899 134041976 12446 137931977 12846 140951978 13258 146621979 13417 148991980 13216 148131981 13245 150091982 13270 149991983 13829 152771984 14415 162521985 14954 165971986 15409 169811987 15740 171061988 16211 17621

1989 16430 178011990 16532 179421991 16249 177551992 16520 180621993 16810 180751994 17152 18320

DATA3-7: Data for a TOYOTA station wagon age = age of car in weeks of ownership (Range 5 - 538) miles = miles driven in thousands (Range 0.8 - 74.4) cost = cumulative repair cost in actual dollars (11 - 3425)

SAMPLE 1 57READ (DATA3-7) age miles cost

11 5 0.8 16 12 3.0 55 30 4.9 66 40 7.1 76 42 7.6 83 53 10.1 135 66 12.0 160 73 12.8 163 79 13.9 211 101 18.6 258 114 21.1 322 129 23.2 374 150 25.3 408 180 28.7 478 195 30.5 489 196 30.6 536 204 31.4 590 212 32.9 604 224 35.3 704 227 35.3 985 232 36.61021 235 37.01030 239 38.11096 249 39.51114 260 40.71134 271 43.01157 272 43.11176 273.5 43.21182 276 43.41182 279 43.71231 281 44.31244 313 47.61257 326 48.91260 328 49.11342 329 49.21356 336.5 50.01467 338 50.11518 342.5 50.61557 344.5 50.81565 351 51.61583 366 53.21609 384 55.7

2825 388 56.02893 402 57.32918 432 60.23011 433 60.33077 436 60.63095 446 63.03154 456 63.73162 463.5 63.93217 465 65.13274 478 65.83320 485 67.73329 498.5 72.13401 526 72.13412 527 73.63425 538 74.4

DATA3-8: Annual tuition and average salary gain for MBAs at the 25 top business schools in the country. Both measures are in thousands of dollars. slrygain = salary gain, Range 27 - 60 tuition = tuition, Range 11.854 - 24.655 Source: Business Week, October 21, 1996.

SAMPLE 1 25READ (DATA3-8) slrygain tuition

55.00 23.60842.90 23.18050.00 23.02555.64 23.84045.00 19.62744.85 23.83054.00 23.10042.00 24.65557.75 23.90060.00 23.70033.00 23.69048.00 18.96341.00 18.78836.00 22.50032.00 15.61328.75 20.10044.18 22.20033.25 22.45037.25 14.33233.00 11.85430.00 21.24043.05 23.13032.35 20.52429.00 21.80027.00 18.950

DATA3-9: Data on return on equity and assets for 38 French companies (1995). Return is in percent (Range 2.2 - 24.3) and Assets are in billions of dollars (Range 0.714 - 308.621). Source: Business Week, July 8, 1996, Page 54.

SAMPLE 1 38READ (DATA3-9) return assets

13.3 12.10917.4 12.488 6.7 46.78813.8 9.097 7.3 26.84512.5 8.178 8.2 182.27310.3 18.640 8.9 18.011 7.2 308.621 6.3 26.158 8.9 6.549 3.8 257.673 3.6 280.530 3.1 27.99111.7 10.473 5.0 43.08016.7 3.152 5.1 11.81210.1 9.722 8.1 18.61724.3 13.606 5.7 30.308 7.5 6.59110.4 3.13018.1 3.11117.1 8.35213.2 15.04718.0 1.563 2.2 10.57312.0 8.73418.4 13.95110.3 4.15713.0 3.665 4.9 68.87120.7 0.714 8.2 66.42911.1 10.908

DATA3-10: Data on total profits and sales of 27 German companies (1995) Sales are in billions of dollars (Range 1.199 - 58.112) and Profits are in millions of dollars (Range 26 - 1618) Source: Business week, July 8, 1996, Pages 54-55.

SAMPLE 1 27READ (DATA3-10) profits sales

629 36.6171214 58.1121254 43.4211567 29.1861119 34.160

711 41.6281618 30.265 180 16.892 183 1.199 349 21.011 232 57.690 453 30.210 757 27.690 168 3.706 238 9.295 118 5.861 191 12.332 490 25.613 211 5.423 163 3.042 90 9.952 243 17.253 145 3.499 168 12.178 160 2.292 90 13.901 26 17.747

DATA3-11: Data on annual (1995) salary for professors at the seven universities: UC Berkeley, UCLA, UC San Diego, Illinois, Michigan, Stanford, and Virginia. salary = annual salary in thousands of dollars (Range 41.3 - 153) years = number of years since Ph.D. (Range 1 - 45)

SAMPLE 1 222READ (DATA3-11) SALARY YEARS

105.200 36 91.300 30 72.500 29 74.300 28103.500 26117.500 26 64.200 25 86.700 25 81.500 23 98.000 20 91.200 19 91.300 19 93.100 17 83.000 16 80.000 12 55.900 19 66.000 14 60.600 10 56.500 10 53.900 8 56.500 8 43.900 10 48.000 8 48.000 8 47.900 5

48.200 4 55.000 3 53.000 3 52.000 1100.600 29 78.200 18128.100 17100.400 30 58.100 22108.500 18 75.300 14 72.200 29 78.300 24114.400 33 94.900 16 88.000 31 98.200 13 63.600 21 86.000 10 80.000 10 90.100 12 78.300 29 66.300 14 91.300 27129.000 32104.000 15 55.300 23 51.300 7 53.000 2 52.000 3 55.000 6 52.400 3128.000 20 60.400 25 78.200 13135.000 45 78.300 25104.000 30108.000 14 73.000 25 98.000 23 97.400 42 80.000 13 72.200 34 98.000 25 75.000 13 70.000 7 70.000 9 65.000 7 70.000 9 53.000 2 55.000 6 47.800 9 51.000 5 55.000 5 52.500 2 50.500 4 50.500 4 50.000 3

84.400 17 74.600 27108.300 37 82.200 12 91.500 19 83.800 25 80.100 36 88.000 18 81.900 22 88.600 14 88.600 21 75.500 27 85.000 27100.200 25115.200 35 74.000 19 77.000 34 80.000 35 71.200 35 74.400 34 81.500 16 92.600 12122.500 23 51.900 14 55.600 15 41.300 26 63.300 6 62.400 7 70.500 13 53.500 26 47.900 5 45.800 4 51.900 8 47.200 4 87.700 38 97.800 37 99.300 31 77.500 31 87.500 31 72.100 30 92.500 30 83.200 27 66.700 29107.000 28 83.600 27 68.100 25102.800 24100.500 24 67.000 22 94.300 22114.500 22 90.000 22 87.168 21 85.500 21 90.000 20104.000 19 76.200 19 98.500 18 89.000 15

82.000 12 62.900 13 65.700 12 61.200 12 78.500 11 68.000 10 64.000 9 64.800 8 69.000 8 74.000 7 48.700 14 49.500 11 50.700 6 46.000 5 50.000 4 50.500 3 50.000 3 50.000 3 48.700 2126.000 28121.000 26121.000 37121.000 18121.000 16121.000 28121.000 22120.500 13116.500 26115.700 22115.485 34114.920 28114.500 34113.330 31112.000 40109.650 40107.640 28105.155 17100.000 26 97.000 26 95.800 44 90.045 21 90.000 15 87.000 27 85.500 29 73.000 10 60.000 6 57.850 13 54.445 5 53.500 9 52.650 7 51.850 5 51.750 7 50.250 2 50.250 2 50.000 1 50.000 1153.000 28135.000 15121.000 30

107.500 25103.000 29 91.000 33 93.000 18 83.000 20 70.000 27 68.000 21 66.500 26 66.000 12 82.000 20 74.000 11 60.500 10 58.000 11 57.500 10 55.000 14 54.000 7 54.000 6 51.000 3 51.000 4 51.000 2

DATA3-12: Population of the United Kingdom, in millions (Range 53.292 - 58.395) Source: Annual Abstract of Statistics, Central Statistical Office, 1996, Table 2.1, Page 16.

SAMPLE 1 33READ (DATA3-12) year pop

1962 53.2921963 53.6251964 53.9911965 54.3501966 54.6431967 54.9591968 55.2141969 55.4611970 55.6321971 55.9281972 56.0971973 56.2231974 56.2361975 56.2261976 56.2161977 56.1901978 56.1781979 56.2401980 56.3301981 56.3521982 56.3181983 56.3771984 56.5061985 56.6851986 56.8521987 57.0091988 57.1581989 57.358

1990 57.5611991 57.8081992 58.0061993 58.1911994 58.395

DATA3-13: Annual data on U.S. population in millions (Range 146.631 - 263.034) Source: Economic Report of the President, 1996, Table B-30, Page 315

SAMPLE 1 48READ (DATA3-13) year pop

1948 146.6311949 149.1881950 152.2711951 154.8781952 157.5531953 160.1841954 163.0261955 165.9311956 168.9031957 171.9841958 174.8821959 177.8301960 180.6711961 183.6911962 186.5381963 189.2421964 191.8891965 194.3031966 196.5601967 198.7121968 200.7061969 202.6771970 205.0521971 207.6611972 209.8961973 211.9091974 213.8541975 215.9731976 218.0351977 220.2391978 222.5851979 225.0551980 227.7261981 229.9661982 232.1881983 234.3071984 236.3481985 238.4661986 240.6511987 242.8041988 245.0211989 247.3421990 249.9131991 252.650

1992 255.4191993 258.1371994 260.6601995 263.034

DATA3-14: Aggregate personal income and expenditures on domestic travel, both measured in billions of dollars (1993), for U.S. States and D.C. Source: 1995 Statistical Abstract of the U.S. Travel expenditures, Table 428, Page 266 (Range 0.708 - 42.48) Personal Income, Table 712, Page 460 (Range 9.3 - 683.5)

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA3-14) exptrav income

3.682 71.6 1.085 13.8 5.525 71.3 2.745 38.842.480 683.5 6.122 76.6 3.458 92.3 0.836 15.3 3.169 17.128.629 283.4 9.186 132.9 5.866 27.4 1.462 19.313.804 263.6 4.220 109.6 2.746 51.6 2.457 50.3 3.567 64.1 4.848 71.3 1.483 23.3 4.922 118.5 7.452 146.9 7.498 194.7 4.492 94.9 2.236 38.9 6.215 102.4 1.434 14.6 7.884 129.8 0.828 10.9 1.751 31.712.539 31.6 1.408 25.111.134 211.2 2.695 26.419.950 450.6 8.546 217.9 2.698 55.0 3.795 59.010.060 256.0 0.708 21.2 4.831 61.2 0.834 12.8 6.779 93.920.215 345.0

2.712 30.0 1.030 11.2 9.076 140.2 1.371 29.4 5.318 114.5 4.453 99.9 1.142 9.3

DATA3-15: Annual data on U.S. Population and GDP Source: Economic Report of the President, 1996 gdp = Real Gross Domestic Product in billions of 1992 dollars, Seasonally adjusted annual rates, Table B-2. (Range 2212.3 - 6604.2) pop = Population in millions, Table B-30, Page 315 (177.82 - 260.66)

SAMPLE 1 36READ (DATA3-15) year gdp pop

1959 2212.3 177.8301960 2261.7 180.6711961 2309.1 183.6911962 2449.1 186.5381963 2554.0 189.2421964 2702.9 191.8891965 2874.8 194.3031966 3060.2 196.5601967 3140.2 198.7121968 3288.6 200.7061969 3388.0 202.6771970 3388.2 205.0521971 3500.1 207.6611972 3690.3 209.8961973 3902.3 211.9091974 3888.2 213.8541975 3865.1 215.9731976 4081.1 218.0351977 4279.3 220.2391978 4493.7 222.5851979 4624.0 225.0551980 4611.9 227.7261981 4724.9 229.9661982 4623.6 232.1881983 4810.0 234.3071984 5138.2 236.3481985 5329.5 238.4661986 5489.9 240.6511987 5648.4 242.8041988 5862.9 245.0211989 6060.4 247.3421990 6138.7 249.9131991 6079.0 252.6501992 6244.4 255.4191993 6383.8 258.1371994 6604.2 260.660

DATA4-1: Data on single family homes in University City

community of San Diego, in 1990. price = sale price in thousands of dollars (Range 199.9 - 505) sqft = square feet of living area (Range 1065 - 3000) bedrms = number of bedrooms (Range 3 - 4) baths = number of bath roooms (Range 1.75 - 3)

SAMPLE 1 14READ (DATA4-1) price sqft bedrms baths

199.9 1065 3 1.75 228 1254 3 2 235 1300 3 2 285 1577 4 2.5 239 1600 3 2 293 1750 4 2 285 1800 4 2.75 365 1870 4 2 295 1935 4 2.5 290 1948 4 2 385 2254 4 3 505 2600 3 2.5 425 2800 4 3 415 3000 4 3

DATA4-2: Annual data for the U.S. for 1959-94 Source: 1996 Economic Report of the President Ct = real consumption expenditure in billions of 1992 dollars, Table

B-2, Page 282 (Range 1393.6 - 4471.1) Yt = Gross domestic product in billions of 1992 dollars, Table B-2,

Page 282 (Range 2212.3 - 6604.2) WAGES = total compensation of employees in billions of current dollars,

Table B-24, Page 306 (Range 281.2 - 4008.3) PRDEFL = Implicit price deflator for consumption expenditures, 1992 =

100, Table B-3, Page 284 (Range 22.8 - 105.1)

SAMPLE 1 36READ (DATA4-2) YEAR Ct Yt WAGES PRDEFL

1959 1393.6 2212.30 281.2 22.81960 1432.6 2261.70 296.7 23.21961 1461.5 2309.08 305.6 23.41962 1533.8 2449.10 327.4 23.71963 1596.6 2554.00 345.5 24.01964 1692.3 2702.90 371.0 24.31965 1799.1 2874.80 399.8 24.71966 1902.0 3060.20 443.0 25.31967 1958.6 3140.20 475.5 26.01968 2070.2 3288.60 524.7 27.01969 2147.5 3388.00 578.3 28.21970 2197.8 3388.20 618.1 29.51971 2279.5 3500.10 660.1 30.81972 2415.9 3690.30 726.8 31.91973 2532.6 3902.30 813.1 33.61974 2514.7 3888.20 892.4 37.01975 2570.0 3865.10 951.3 40.01976 2714.3 4081.10 1061.5 42.31977 2829.8 4279.30 1182.9 45.1

1978 2951.6 4493.70 1338.5 48.41979 3020.2 4624.00 1503.3 52.81980 3009.7 4611.90 1653.9 58.51981 3046.4 4724.90 1827.8 63.71982 3081.5 4623.60 1927.6 67.41983 3240.6 4810.00 2044.2 70.51984 3407.6 5138.20 2257.0 73.11985 3565.5 5329.50 2425.7 75.81986 3708.7 5489.90 2572.4 78.01987 3822.3 5648.40 2757.7 81.01988 3972.7 5862.90 2973.9 84.31989 4064.6 6060.40 3151.6 88.41990 4132.2 6138.70 3352.8 92.91991 4105.8 6079.00 3457.9 96.81992 4219.8 6244.40 3644.9 100.01993 4339.7 6383.80 3809.4 102.61994 4471.1 6604.20 4008.3 105.1

DATA4-3: Annual data on new housing units and their determinants Source: 1987 Economic Report of the President. Because the housing series has been discontinued, this data set could not be updated. housing = total new housing units started, in thousands (Table B-50)

(Range 1072.1 - 2378.5) pop = U.S. population in millions (Table B-30), Range 189.242 - 239.283 gnp = gross national product in constant 1982 dollars in billions

(Table B-2), Range 1873.3 - 3585.2 unemp = unemployment rate in % among all workers (Table B-35)

(Range 3.4 - 9,5) intrate = new home mortgage yields, FHLBB, in % (Table B-68)

(Range 5.81 - 15.14)

SAMPLE 1 23READ (DATA4-3) year housing pop gnp unemp intrate

1963 1634.9 189.242 1873.3 5.5 5.891964 1561.0 191.889 1973.3 5.0 5.821965 1509.7 194.303 2087.6 4.4 5.811966 1195.8 196.560 2208.3 3.7 6.251967 1321.9 198.712 2271.4 3.7 6.461968 1545.4 200.706 2365.6 3.5 6.971969 1499.5 202.677 2423.3 3.4 7.801970 1469.0 205.052 2416.2 4.8 8.451971 2084.5 207.661 2484.8 5.8 7.741972 2378.5 209.896 2608.5 5.5 7.601973 2057.5 211.909 2744.1 4.8 7.961974 1352.5 213.854 2729.3 5.5 8.921975 1171.4 215.973 2695.0 8.3 9.001976 1547.6 218.035 2826.7 7.6 9.001977 2001.7 220.239 2958.6 6.9 9.021978 2036.1 222.585 3115.2 6.0 9.561979 1760.0 225.055 3192.4 5.8 10.781980 1312.6 227.757 3187.1 7.0 12.661981 1100.3 230.138 3248.8 7.5 14.701982 1072.1 232.520 3166.0 9.5 15.141983 1712.5 234.799 3279.1 9.5 12.57

1984 1755.8 237.019 3489.9 7.4 12.381985 1745.0 239.283 3585.2 7.1 11.55

DATA4-4: Demand for bus travel and its determinants All data are for the year 1988 in 40 cities across the U.S. Data compiled by Sean Naughton BUSTRAVL = Demand for urban tranportation by bus in thousands of passenger hours (Range 18.1 1310.3) FARE = Bus fare in dollars (Range 0.5 - 1.5) GASPRICE = Price of a gallon of gasoline, in $ (Range 0.79 - 1.03) INCOME = Average income PER CAPITA (Range 12349 - 21886) POP = Population of city in thousands (Range 167 - 7323.3) DENSITY = Density of city in persons/sq. mile (Range 1551 - 24288) LANDAREA = Land area of the city in sq. miles (Range 18.9 - 556.4)

SAMPLE 1 40READ (DATA4-4) BUSTRAVL FARE GASPRICE INCOME POP DENSITY LANDAREA

2073.0 0.85 0.88 17293 537.1 4099 131.0 2136.1 0.75 1.03 17768 787.0 9798 80.3 1878.8 0.60 0.91 17823 587.1 12438 47.2 937.5 1.00 0.91 15163 338.0 8070 41.8 7343.3 0.50 0.97 17480 3090.0 13547 228.1 837.9 0.85 0.88 15329 399.0 5110 78.1 1648.0 1.00 0.91 16141 561.8 7110 79.0 739.1 0.75 0.89 15326 585.1 3234 180.9 1070.7 1.50 0.89 17115 1142.4 3431 333.0 274.6 1.50 0.89 17117 486.5 2027 240.2 312.9 0.75 0.87 16127 198.7 4113 48.4 1879.1 1.00 0.94 17242 549.8 4975 110.6 1941.0 0.60 0.99 17340 1253.0 8913 135.6 2317.6 1.50 0.87 15108 1603.0 2885 556.4 471.4 1.05 0.93 15809 741.2 2105 352.0 594.3 0.70 0.79 16321 490.4 1551 316.3 7632.9 0.60 0.93 18027 3478.9 7486 464.7 510.1 0.60 0.93 18023 423.3 8508 49.8 630.6 0.60 0.93 12349 304.0 4997 60.0 1650.9 1.00 1.03 17886 377.2 10994 34.3 1618.3 0.50 0.86 16537 664.0 6702 95.8 2009.8 1.15 0.96 13019 368.0 6714 55.1 1562.4 1.15 0.96 13019 265.0 5144 52.4 1139.4 0.60 0.88 13130 572.0 2832 199.413103.0 1.00 1.00 20513 7323.3 24288 301.5 3739.6 1.35 0.92 17409 1760.2 12944 136.0 525.7 0.75 0.91 15944 991.6 3059 324.0 2385.8 1.00 0.89 15207 396.6 8147 55.4 1698.5 1.15 0.93 15409 387.0 3751 103.3 544.0 1.00 0.87 17743 167.0 8309 18.9 1769.1 0.85 0.81 16309 495.9 8077 61.4 1065.0 0.50 0.85 15092 794.0 2318 262.7 803.1 1.25 0.98 18014 1027.2 3208 320.0 1616.7 0.75 0.90 21886 753.6 16240 46.4 146.5 0.75 0.90 20744 376.0 6988 53.9 18.1 0.75 0.90 21313 698.1 4422 158.0 2056.1 1.00 0.88 17539 548.3 3790 144.6 470.1 0.75 0.92 17633 295.7 3497 84.4 242.5 0.75 0.92 17643 259.8 4675 55.5

3933.5 0.60 0.96 15522 693.6 11068 62.7

DATA4-5: THE FOLLOWING ARE 1990 CENSUS DATA BY STATES PARTICIPATION RATE (IN %) OF ALL WOMEN OVER 16 Compiled by Louis Cruz

wlfp = persons 16 years & over--percent in labor force who are female (Range 42.6 - 66.4)

yf = median earnings (in thousands of dollars) by females 15 years & over with income in 1989 (Range 14.271 - 25.62)

ym = median earnings (in thousands of dollars) by males 15 years & over with income in 1989 (Range 21.425 - 35.622)

educ = females 25 years & over--percent high school graduate or higher (Range 64.5 - 86.1)

ue = civilian labor force--percent unemployed (Range 3.5 - 9.6) mr = female population 15 & over--percent now married (excluding

separated), Range 46.88 - 60.92 dr = female population 15 & over--percent who are divorced

(Range 6.42 - 15.06) urb = percent of population living in urban areas (Range 32.2 - 92.6) wh = female population--percent 16 years and over who are white

(Range 24.69 - 77.73)

SAMPLE 1 50READ (DATA4-5) wlfp yf ym educ ue mr dr urb wh

52.3 15.735 25.532 66.0 6.9 53.26 9.43 60.4 58.4266.4 25.620 35.621 86.1 8.8 59.07 11.91 67.5 54.1854.8 18.976 27.292 78.2 7.2 54.15 11.56 87.5 64.3551.9 14.736 21.920 66.1 6.8 56.52 9.38 53.5 65.4957.7 23.123 31.980 75.5 6.6 50.80 11.01 92.6 55.2462.5 20.001 29.285 83.8 5.7 54.67 11.99 82.4 69.1260.9 24.057 35.485 78.8 5.4 51.61 8.82 79.1 71.2861.1 20.256 30.222 77.4 4.0 52.01 9.18 73.0 64.5252.8 17.867 25.789 74.2 5.8 53.58 11.08 84.8 69.1459.9 18.291 26.684 70.1 5.7 52.00 10.33 63.2 55.8463.3 20.073 27.147 78.4 3.5 55.33 9.03 89.0 24.6956.1 16.122 25.475 80.2 6.1 60.92 9.75 57.4 70.0657.7 20.325 31.406 75.7 6.6 50.82 9.06 84.6 62.4857.4 17.101 28.197 74.9 5.7 54.74 10.40 64.9 70.9757.8 16.465 25.391 80.6 4.5 56.79 7.97 60.6 75.8858.0 17.336 26.535 80.9 4.7 57.48 9.59 69.1 70.4151.2 16.058 25.011 65.0 7.4 55.79 9.74 51.8 72.4150.2 15.993 25.876 68.4 9.6 49.96 8.88 68.1 51.8057.5 17.406 26.024 79.4 6.6 55.44 9.95 44.6 77.7363.4 22.360 32.078 78.2 4.3 50.34 8.57 81.3 56.8060.3 23.090 32.749 79.6 6.7 47.69 8.07 84.3 74.0255.7 20.263 32.344 76.8 8.2 51.63 10.06 70.5 65.2862.5 19.756 29.475 82.8 5.1 55.36 8.13 69.9 73.5752.0 14.472 22.251 64.5 8.4 50.09 8.57 47.1 49.6456.4 17.421 27.060 73.1 6.2 53.97 9.71 68.7 69.1455.8 15.268 24.769 81.7 7.0 58.51 9.88 52.5 71.3760.3 16.009 24.333 82.2 3.7 56.80 8.09 66.1 72.6362.9 19.291 27.764 77.9 6.2 54.18 15.06 88.3 66.6664.4 20.468 30.940 82.3 6.2 56.36 9.14 51.0 77.0058.8 23.243 35.622 75.9 5.7 51.12 7.47 89.4 64.9253.9 16.783 25.372 74.3 8.0 54.22 11.32 73.0 58.0955.5 22.437 31.861 74.2 6.9 46.88 7.57 84.3 60.66

59.8 16.475 23.452 70.2 4.8 53.52 8.11 50.4 60.9657.3 14.731 22.559 78.3 5.3 58.78 6.42 53.3 72.6754.7 18.666 29.796 75.3 6.6 52.97 10.13 74.1 69.1853.5 16.820 25.566 73.7 6.9 56.64 11.16 67.7 65.2356.1 18.420 27.720 81.7 6.2 55.52 11.84 70.5 73.3652.8 18.845 28.850 73.9 6.0 51.38 7.33 68.9 72.7658.3 19.631 29.841 71.1 6.6 49.33 8.85 86.0 75.4558.3 16.140 24.130 67.8 5.6 52.20 7.84 54.6 54.6058.5 14.271 21.425 78.6 4.2 57.80 7.22 50.0 70.3255.7 16.367 24.988 66.7 6.4 54.04 10.38 60.9 66.3556.4 18.629 27.081 71.5 7.1 54.58 10.26 80.3 58.2658.6 17.208 28.597 84.7 5.3 59.24 8.69 87.0 64.2060.7 19.951 28.974 75.3 4.5 53.64 9.32 69.4 77.3462.3 18.613 25.883 82.0 5.9 53.63 8.33 32.2 61.9457.9 20.607 31.026 83.5 5.7 55.41 11.77 76.4 69.6342.6 15.299 26.184 66.0 9.6 55.57 8.66 36.1 76.8160.1 17.465 27.653 78.8 5.2 54.72 8.08 65.7 72.3758.7 16.260 28.280 83.1 5.9 60.60 10.38 65.0 70.03

DATA4-6: Data on poverty rates and determinants across California counties. The following was extracted from the County and City Data Book (1994) for California Counties by Kalena Cortes. povrate = percentage of families with income below poverty level (Range 3 - 20.8) urb = percentage of urban population (Range 2.7 - 94.3) famsize = persons per household (Range 2.29 - 3.26) unemp = percentage unemployment rate (Range 4 - 21.3) highschl = percentage of the population (25 years and over) that had only high school education (Range 43 - 68.5) college = percentage of the population (25 years and over) that completed four years of college or higher (Range 9 - 44) medinc = median family income in thousands of dollars (Range 24.364 - 59.147)

SAMPLE 1 58READ (DATA4-6) povrate urb famsize unemp highschl college medinc

8.1 18.3 2.59 5.3 52.6 28.8 45.03716.7 4.2 2.47 8.2 63.6 24.0 29.276 6.3 65.0 2.41 7.2 68.5 14.0 35.06212.2 31.0 2.48 9.4 58.1 19.5 28.314 7.5 70.8 2.50 10.5 67.2 14.4 32.21110.4 31.6 2.84 15.7 51.8 11.1 28.230 5.5 28.1 2.64 5.6 54.9 31.6 51.65112.7 58.5 2.63 12.5 60.9 10.0 26.992 5.8 61.0 2.66 6.1 65.1 20.8 39.82316.8 37.1 2.96 12.6 49.3 16.9 29.97014.1 19.5 2.77 15.5 57.5 9.4 27.21612.8 12.4 2.49 8.8 60.5 20.0 30.35720.8 40.0 3.26 21.3 43.5 9.7 25.147 9.2 2.7 2.35 8.8 68.2 13.5 30.46013.7 45.8 2.92 11.8 54.3 13.3 31.71415.0 45.6 3.08 12.8 56.6 9.0 27.61412.3 47.9 2.38 11.1 60.2 10.7 26.56310.4 29.7 2.66 10.0 61.1 11.7 31.80311.6 21.1 2.91 8.0 46.7 23.3 39.03513.1 56.9 3.05 14.0 51.7 11.7 30.035

3.0 5.0 2.33 4.0 47.9 44.0 59.14710.7 38.1 2.42 6.3 61.0 16.8 29.46811.0 22.4 2.57 10.9 60.9 17.8 31.27615.4 40.5 3.17 14.6 51.1 12.0 28.26911.6 14.0 2.49 12.4 61.0 11.2 27.407 6.7 16.1 2.48 12.5 65.9 21.9 35.932 8.5 26.8 2.96 10.9 51.4 21.5 36.223 4.6 14.1 2.54 5.9 58.4 22.3 42.789 5.8 61.1 2.51 7.0 64.2 22.1 36.942 5.2 28.6 2.87 4.8 53.4 27.8 51.167 5.3 59.6 2.66 6.8 62.4 22.7 42.805 9.8 19.4 2.41 12.0 67.6 15.1 29.967 8.4 94.3 2.85 10.7 59.5 14.6 37.694 9.8 39.6 2.58 6.3 59.2 23.0 37.841 7.3 53.5 3.15 17.2 54.0 14.4 39.63710.3 71.4 2.97 8.0 60.5 14.9 36.977 8.1 39.7 2.69 6.1 56.6 25.3 39.798 9.7 7.4 2.29 5.6 43.0 35.0 40.56112.0 45.1 2.94 12.0 55.4 13.2 34.701 6.8 41.9 2.53 5.8 60.4 22.9 37.086 4.3 13.0 2.64 4.2 52.8 31.3 53.430 7.4 25.7 2.73 6.0 53.4 26.6 41.289 5.0 18.0 2.81 5.5 49.4 32.6 53.670 6.2 22.8 2.66 8.0 52.2 29.7 43.13011.0 36.3 2.58 10.3 64.7 13.7 30.332 5.7 6.2 2.45 10.5 59.6 15.9 29.91111.6 11.5 2.48 12.5 63.2 14.2 26.073 6.0 53.9 2.88 7.0 64.0 18.7 42.392 5.2 33.8 2.55 5.7 59.9 24.5 41.96111.4 48.6 2.91 14.3 55.4 13.0 32.92312.2 33.0 2.75 17.6 56.9 15.4 31.84212.6 33.5 2.60 12.4 62.0 10.2 25.94615.1 11.7 2.49 14.5 61.3 12.9 25.00918.0 34.7 3.12 17.1 48.4 11.8 26.697 6.9 49.6 2.46 8.3 65.3 14.7 31.464 5.0 29.7 3.02 7.0 56.4 23.0 50.091 9.8 27.7 2.63 7.2 48.8 30.3 36.86616.0 22.4 2.85 14.1 59.0 9.5 24.364

DATA4-7: Death rates in the U.S. due to coronary heart disease and their determinants. Data compiled by Jennifer Whisenand

chd = death rate per 100,000 population (Range 321.2 - 375.4) cal = Per capita consumption of calcium per day in grams

(Range 0.9 - 1.06) unemp = Percent of civilian labor force unemployed in 1,000 of persons

16 years and older (Range 2.9 - 8.5) cig = Per capita consumption of cigarettes in pounds of tobacco

by persons 18 years and older--approx. 339 cigarettes per pound of tobacco (Range 6.75 - 10.46)

edfat = Per capita intake of edible fats and oil in pounds--includes lard, margerine and butter (Range 42 - 56.5)

meat = Per capita intake of meat in pounds--includes beef, veal, pork, lamb and mutton (Range 138 - 194.8)

spirits = Per capita consumption of distilled spirits in taxed gallons for individuals 18 and older (Range 1 - 2.9)

beer = Per capita consumption of malted liquor in taxed gallons for individuals 18 and older (Range 15.04 - 34.9)

wine = Per capita consumption of wine measured in taxed gallons for

individuals 18 and older (Range 0.77 - 2.65)

SAMPLE 1 34* Sample period 1947-1980READ (DATA4-7) chd cal unemp cig edfat meat spirits beer wine

321.2 1.06 3.9 9.16 42.0 155.3 1.28 18.08 0.77322.7 1.02 3.8 9.35 42.6 145.5 1.06 18.58 0.79349.1 1.02 5.9 9.33 42.6 144.6 1.02 18.05 0.85355.5 1.03 5.3 9.36 45.9 144.6 1.02 17.41 0.93355.8 1.03 3.3 9.98 42.1 138.0 1.23 16.97 0.87356.4 1.04 3.1 10.41 44.1 146.0 1.00 16.94 0.85360.2 1.03 2.9 10.46 44.1 155.3 1.10 16.71 0.90347.5 1.03 5.6 9.73 45.4 154.7 1.12 16.68 0.86355.8 1.04 4.4 9.48 45.9 162.8 1.07 16.13 0.89350.5 1.03 4.2 9.34 45.3 166.7 1.13 16.04 0.89369.1 1.03 4.3 9.20 44.4 159.1 1.17 15.54 0.89367.9 1.02 6.8 9.45 45.3 151.6 1.12 15.22 0.89363.4 1.03 5.5 9.45 46.2 159.5 1.14 15.28 0.89369.0 0.99 5.6 9.65 45.4 161.4 1.20 15.53 0.90362.6 0.99 6.7 9.85 45.2 161.0 1.19 15.04 0.91370.3 0.98 5.6 9.68 45.7 163.1 1.23 15.26 0.91375.4 0.96 5.7 9.70 46.1 169.3 1.25 15.17 0.92365.8 0.96 5.2 9.20 47.3 174.8 1.28 15.74 0.95367.4 0.94 4.5 9.45 48.5 166.7 1.35 16.19 0.95371.2 0.95 3.8 9.27 49.6 170.5 1.43 16.21 0.98364.5 0.95 3.8 9.12 49.2 177.5 2.29 26.27 1.46372.6 0.93 3.6 8.65 51.0 182.7 2.37 25.88 1.51366.0 0.94 3.5 8.20 51.5 181.1 2.48 26.42 1.59362.0 0.93 4.9 7.78 53.3 186.3 2.61 28.35 1.70361.5 0.94 5.9 7.70 52.2 191.8 2.63 28.38 1.92361.2 0.94 5.6 7.95 54.2 189.0 2.84 29.43 2.16360.8 0.95 4.9 7.94 54.4 175.7 2.81 29.68 2.31349.2 0.92 5.6 7.80 53.5 188.0 2.90 31.00 2.26336.2 0.92 8.5 7.75 53.4 182.4 2.85 31.46 2.28337.2 0.95 7.7 7.44 56.1 194.8 2.36 31.58 2.29332.3 0.94 7.1 7.07 54.4 193.0 2.03 32.07 2.36334.3 0.93 6.1 7.00 56.0 182.7 2.88 32.90 2.59333.1 0.90 5.8 6.75 55.8 177.8 2.70 34.00 2.60336.0 0.91 7.1 7.06 56.5 180.2 2.90 34.90 2.65

DATA4-8: DATA ON SYSTEMS IN THE TOP 40 TELEVISION MARKETS IN 1979 SOURCE: BROADCASTING YEARBOOK 80 DATA compiled by David Andersen sub = The number of subscribers of each system (in thousands) (Range 1 - 170) home = The number of homes passed by each system (Range 1.7 - 350) inst = Installation fee in dollars (5.95 - 25) svc = Monthly service charge of each system (Range 5.6 - 10) tv = The number of television signals carried by each cable system (Range 6 22) age = The age of each system in years (Range 0.17 - 26) air = The number of television signals received (Range 4 - 13) y = Per capita income for each television market with cable, in dollars (Range 7683 - 11741)

SAMPLE 1 40READ (DATA4-8) sub home inst svc tv age air y

105.000 350.000 14.95 10.00 16 11.83 13 9839 90.000 255.631 15.00 7.50 15 11.42 11 10606 14.000 31.000 15.00 7.00 11 7.33 9 10455 11.700 34.840 10.00 7.00 22 6.92 10 8958 46.000 153.434 25.00 10.00 20 26.00 12 11741 11.217 26.621 15.00 7.66 18 8.83 8 9378 12.000 18.000 15.00 7.50 12 13.08 8 10433 6.428 9.324 15.00 7.00 17 5.58 7 10167 20.100 32.000 10.00 5.60 10 12.42 8 9218 8.500 28.000 15.00 6.50 6 4.92 6 10519 1.600 8.000 17.50 7.50 8 4.08 6 10025 1.100 5.000 15.00 8.95 9 4.25 9 9714 4.355 15.204 10.00 7.00 7 10.67 7 9294 78.910 97.889 24.95 9.49 12 17.58 7 9784 19.600 93.000 20.00 7.50 9 8.08 7 8173 1.000 3.000 9.95 10.00 13 0.17 6 8967 1.650 2.600 25.00 7.55 6 13.25 5 10133 13.400 18.284 15.50 6.30 11 12.67 5 9361 18.708 55.000 15.00 7.00 16 5.25 6 9085 1.352 1.700 20.00 5.60 6 15.00 6 10067170.000 270.000 15.00 8.75 15 17.00 5 8908 15.388 46.540 15.00 8.73 9 6.83 6 9632 6.555 20.417 5.95 5.95 10 5.67 6 8995 40.000 120.000 25.00 6.50 10 7.00 5 7787 19.900 46.390 15.00 7.50 9 11.25 7 8890 2.450 14.500 9.95 6.25 6 2.92 4 8041 3.762 9.500 20.00 6.50 6 2.17 5 8605 24.882 81.980 18.00 7.50 8 7.08 4 8639 21.187 39.700 20.00 6.00 9 12.17 4 8781 3.487 4.113 10.00 6.85 11 13.08 4 8551 3.000 8.000 10.00 7.95 9 0.17 6 9306 42.100 99.750 9.95 5.73 8 7.67 5 8346 20.350 33.379 15.00 7.50 8 10.33 4 8803 23.150 35.500 17.50 6.50 8 12.25 5 8942 9.866 34.775 15.00 8.25 11 2.00 4 8591 42.608 64.840 10.00 6.00 11 13.08 6 9163 10.371 30.556 20.00 7.50 8 1.00 6 7683 5.164 16.500 14.95 6.95 8 4.00 5 7924 31.150 70.515 9.95 7.00 10 4.67 4 8454 18.350 42.040 20.00 7.00 6 3.00 4 8429

DATA4-9: Data on early retirement and its determinants Data are for 1979-80, compiled by David Andersen for 44 U.S. states rtrd = % of retired men who are between the ages of 16 and 65 (Range 5.4 - 18.7) hlth = % of people between 16 and 64 years who are prevented from working due to a disability (Range 1.6 - 7.6) mssec = Mean social security income in $ (Range 3449 - 4399) mpubas = Mean public assistance income in $ (Range 1854 - 3079) unemp = Unemployment rate in percent (Range 3.6 - 9.5) dep = % of households that are married couples with children under 18 years of age (Range 12.6 - 42.6) race = % of men who are nonwhite (Range 0.8 - 72.8)

SAMPLE 1 44READ (DATA4-9) retrd hlth mssec mpubas unemp dep race

14.9 6.2 3678 1875 7.7 32.6 26.615.6 1.6 3465 2541 9.5 38.9 21.613.8 4.5 4399 2313 5.8 29.9 17.116.7 7.6 3684 1854 6.8 31.7 16.711.3 4.3 4187 3003 6.6 27.6 23.2 5.7 2.8 3943 2322 4.9 30.9 10.8 9.6 3.0 4392 3045 4.9 29.9 9.512.3 3.8 4210 2402 6.6 30.8 17.513.0 5.1 3715 2988 6.5 12.6 72.815.0 5.2 4395 2390 4.9 23.9 15.911.3 2.6 3964 3079 4.5 35.2 64.0 9.7 3.5 4082 2194 7.9 36.2 4.4 7.9 3.7 4225 2058 7.5 33.3 8.5 7.0 3.2 4059 2504 5.2 32.7 2.7 7.1 3.3 4109 2316 4.0 31.2 8.418.2 7.1 3809 2212 8.9 34.5 7.615.8 5.4 3618 2176 5.8 33.3 29.813.8 5.1 3905 2083 7.8 33.0 1.013.4 3.9 4052 2462 5.8 30.6 24.3 9.8 3.6 4118 2680 4.8 28.4 6.1 8.5 2.6 4006 2493 5.5 33.5 3.317.3 6.9 3449 1984 7.2 32.8 34.910.8 4.4 4013 2002 6.8 30.2 11.310.5 3.1 4007 2219 8.7 33.7 5.8 5.4 2.5 3933 2400 3.6 32.6 4.8 9.0 2.9 4050 2330 6.2 27.1 11.9 7.5 3.3 4025 2190 4.7 32.7 1.114.8 4.4 3854 2225 7.1 34.7 24.911.9 5.4 3628 2054 5.6 31.8 23.7 6.6 2.3 3815 2139 5.6 35.6 4.212.1 5.5 3867 2336 4.4 31.4 13.811.4 4.1 4225 2474 8.5 28.9 5.312.3 4.8 4350 2630 7.8 29.9 9.7 6.3 4.6 4203 2629 7.3 28.4 5.112.5 5.4 3636 1934 6.2 34.0 30.2 7.0 2.5 3811 2181 5.4 33.6 7.314.2 6.2 3750 1874 7.4 31.8 15.8 6.0 2.7 4219 2541 5.4 42.6 5.310.6 4.2 4061 2541 6.3 32.5 0.816.1 4.6 3818 2198 4.7 31.5 20.3 6.7 3.7 4180 2672 7.6 29.6 8.218.7 7.5 4185 2337 8.8 33.8 3.6 8.3 2.9 4322 2834 6.7 33.1 5.5 7.7 2.1 3931 2196 4.3 36.5 4.7

DATA4-10: The following data file were compiled by Jeffrey Wong for the study involving parental school choice in the United States. All data are for the year 1986, unless otherwise noted, for all 51 states, including the D.C.

ENROLL = proportion of students that enroll in private schools. The data for private school enrollment for each state was

found by indexing public school enrollment values of the years 1980 and 1986. This index was then used to calculate the private school enrollment for 1986. Thus, the private school enrollment values are indexed numbers. This should not cause any problem in the model because the enrollment trends in public and private education do not alter drastically from year to year. Source: Digest of Education Statistics, 1990. (Range 0.16 - 0.255) CATHOL = proportion of population in each state which is Catholic. Source: The Official Catholic Directory, 1986. (Range 0.02105 - 0.65234) PUPIL = pupil to teacher ratio for public schools in each state. Source: Digest of Education Statistics, 1990. (Range 13.7 - 23.4) WHITE = proportion of population in each state that is white. Source: United States Statistical Abstract, 1988. (Range 0.3 - 0.987) ADMEXP = proportion of educational expenditures devoted to administrative expenses. Source: Condition of Education, 1990. (Range 0.268 - 0.518) REV = per pupil education revenue (in thousands of dollars). Source: Condition of Education, 1990. (Range 1.933 - 5.982) MEMNEA = proportion of all public teachers who are members of the National Education Association. Source: National Education Association Handbook. (Range 0.0573 - 0.999) INCOME = per capita income (in thousands of dollars) of household families. Source: Unites States Statistical Abstract, 1988. (Range 9.665 - 19.548) COLLEGE = the proportion of the population that has completed at least four years of college. Source: United States Statistical Abstract Supplement, State and Metropolitan Data Book, 1986. (Range 0.104 - 0.275)

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA4-10) ENROLL CATHOL PUPIL WHITE ADMEXP REV MEMNEA INCOME COLLEGE

0.077 0.03138 19.8 0.736 0.364 2.493 0.9793 11.293 0.1220.045 0.10043 16.7 0.775 0.339 5.982 0.8902 18.383 0.2110.077 0.17808 18.4 0.898 0.423 3.587 0.6688 13.680 0.1740.043 0.02580 17.5 0.829 0.380 2.248 0.5437 11.023 0.1080.115 0.22688 23.0 0.821 0.439 3.655 0.8021 16.792 0.1960.060 0.16624 18.2 0.935 0.403 4.080 0.8561 15.115 0.2300.168 0.42445 13.7 0.904 0.358 5.314 0.7951 19.548 0.2070.255 0.15841 16.0 0.794 0.332 4.199 0.9412 15.504 0.1750.168 0.18242 14.3 0.300 0.359 4.606 0.0573 18.945 0.2750.121 0.12317 17.5 0.844 0.428 3.817 0.3168 14.622 0.1490.071 0.03044 18.9 0.721 0.372 3.142 0.4805 13.454 0.1460.144 0.19025 22.6 0.337 0.389 3.174 0.9990 14.680 0.2030.027 0.06736 20.4 0.973 0.390 2.382 0.8212 11.170 0.1580.018 0.31183 17.4 0.813 0.403 3.158 0.5586 15.503 0.1620.089 0.13111 18.3 0.906 0.371 3.504 0.7263 13.123 0.1250.097 0.17928 15.5 0.972 0.419 3.640 0.9988 13.333 0.1390.084 0.14118 15.4 0.917 0.419 3.847 0.7694 14.505 0.1700.092 0.10162 18.6 0.920 0.268 2.278 0.8350 11.268 0.1110.170 0.32079 18.5 0.679 0.428 2.690 0.4754 11.233 0.1390.079 0.24901 15.5 0.987 0.313 3.448 0.8989 12.846 0.144

0.123 0.17395 17.1 0.709 0.369 4.527 0.7981 16.936 0.2040.131 0.52546 14.4 0.932 0.346 4.679 0.8840 17.635 0.2000.108 0.25357 19.2 0.837 0.430 4.053 0.8855 14.807 0.1430.100 0.25765 17.4 0.957 0.373 4.176 0.8405 14.995 0.1740.101 0.03799 19.0 0.636 0.379 1.933 0.3903 9.665 0.1230.132 0.16934 16.4 0.881 0.387 3.218 0.3253 13.945 0.1390.051 0.17796 15.6 0.934 0.373 3.777 0.7615 11.729 0.1750.138 0.21548 15.1 0.951 0.363 3.533 0.9990 13.569 0.1550.043 0.15244 20.4 0.878 0.396 3.531 0.8073 15.459 0.1440.117 0.30300 15.9 0.982 0.350 3.819 0.6990 16.402 0.1820.158 0.41590 14.7 0.827 0.365 5.691 0.9990 18.793 0.1830.063 0.26501 19.0 0.880 0.425 3.139 0.4161 11.456 0.1760.176 0.37096 15.4 0.807 0.345 5.750 0.1198 16.821 0.1790.050 0.02105 18.7 0.758 0.344 2.948 0.7545 12.424 0.1320.103 0.27536 15.3 0.950 0.385 3.218 0.9344 12.432 0.1480.123 0.21172 18.1 0.880 0.421 3.315 0.8351 13.856 0.1370.030 0.04642 16.9 0.849 0.349 2.751 0.8795 12.248 0.1510.016 0.12363 18.3 0.943 0.433 3.874 0.9990 13.241 0.1790.177 0.30533 16.3 0.895 0.390 4.683 0.8036 14.281 0.1360.174 0.65234 15.1 0.941 0.331 4.488 0.5116 14.584 0.1540.075 0.02165 17.3 0.691 0.385 2.962 0.3938 11.287 0.1340.085 0.20170 15.6 0.907 0.403 2.935 0.7695 11.795 0.1400.078 0.02823 19.9 0.830 0.301 2.244 0.9344 11.984 0.1260.050 0.19637 17.2 0.862 0.402 3.444 0.3543 13.494 0.1690.016 0.03942 23.4 0.952 0.342 2.604 0.8869 10.969 0.1990.092 0.28881 14.4 0.987 0.363 3.998 0.8995 13.322 0.1900.069 0.05446 16.8 0.786 0.350 3.752 0.6854 15.422 0.1910.068 0.09980 20.5 0.913 0.417 3.838 0.9990 14.865 0.1900.032 0.05485 15.3 0.965 0.518 3.253 0.6963 10.587 0.1040.166 0.32622 16.3 0.936 0.375 4.101 0.9131 13.922 0.1480.029 0.13666 14.0 0.963 0.398 5.811 0.8414 12.732 0.172DATA4-11: Data on private housing units authorized. Compiled by Susan Huberman.HOUSING = New private housing units authorized by building permits for 1992, in number of houses, Range 39 - 5222.DENSITY = Population density per square mile for 1992, in number of persons, Range 746 - 23671.VALUE = Median value for owner occupied home during 1990, in hundreds of dollars, Range 256 - 2989.INCOME = Median Household income for 1989, in thousands of dollars, Range 16.925 - 46.206POPCHANG = Percent change in population from 1980 to 1992, Range -15.9 - 59.1UNEMPRT = Unemployment rate for civilian labor force during 1990, inpercentage, Range 4.7 - 19.7****data for above variables taken from County and City Data Book 1994, cities tables pgs 650-853LOCALTAX= Average local taxes per capita for 1992, in dollarsRange 239 - 2341.STATETAX= Average state tax per capita for 1993, in dollarsRange 1005 - 1725****data for above variables taken from Statistical Abstract for the US 1995 tables 502 and 492

SAMPLE 1 40READ (DATA4-11) housing density value income popchang unemp localtax statetax

5222 2411 771 29.291 28.2 6.7 339 1339 965 2656 668 21.748 25.6 8.3 326 1339 86 8775 2229 31.938 21.4 6.9 425 15612587 7436 2445 30.925 17.6 8.4 554 1561 905 6653 1774 27.095 10 9.5 596 15612641 3546 1894 33.686 31.2 6.2 345 1561 629 15609 2989 33.414 7.4 6.3 1349 15611662 4678 2591 46.206 27.3 5.5 419 1561 850 3975 1158 28.183 38.8 7.6 417 1561 506 3156 790 25.106 -1.8 6.8 836 10364518 871 629 28.305 22.2 5.7 391 1195 552 10309 792 16.925 5.9 11 476 1195 630 2996 712 22.275 -7.1 9.2 566 11801733 12185 787 26.301 -7.9 11.3 572 12403594 2064 608 29.006 6.5 5.6 574 1211 182 2711 696 18.477 -12.2 12.7 605 1017 78 8986 547 24.045 -7.7 9.2 903 1447 100 11398 1614 29.18 -2 8.3 1117 1725 309 7297 256 18.742 -15.9 19.7 536 13931314 1385 561 26.713 -3.7 7.3 758 1047 39 6199 507 19.458 -15.3 11 698 10471929 3014 859 27.555 19.7 6.4 344 17183882 23671 1896 29.823 3.4 9 2341 1724 97 6526 409 17.822 -12.4 14 539 11563517 3368 660 26.651 13.8 5.9 453 1156 653 4719 619 21.006 -5.5 7.9 653 11561689 746 549 25.741 12.4 7.2 436 12891079 3572 592 25.592 21 6.2 464 1205 250 11492 494 24.603 -8 9.7 935 1380 120 6598 412 20.747 -13.5 9.1 640 13801914 1046 744 27.821 8.6 5.1 980 10052522 2260 726 25.414 42.3 6.4 378 10122782 2986 788 27.489 13 7.4 502 10122651 2216 585 23.46 27.9 10.3 250 10121084 1617 599 26.547 18 7.5 437 10123576 3131 580 26.261 6 8.2 478 10122468 2902 497 23.584 23 9.2 239 10122036 1680 965 36.271 59.1 4.7 950 11702191 6193 1379 29.353 5.2 4.9 718 1693 384 6421 535 23.627 -3 8.9 265 1577

DATA4-12: This data set was compiled by Marc Selznick. It relates the mortality rate in a state to a number of socio-economic variables. Data are for U.S. States and D.C. All variables are in per-capita amounts or represent Proportions of state populations. MORT = Total Mortality Rate per 100,000 Population, by State National Center For Health Statistics. "Advance Report of Final Mortality Statistics, 1985." August 28, 1987. Table 17. Pages 42-43. (Range 396.2 - 1120.5). INCC = Per-Capita Income by State, in Dollars Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry Annual 1986. Table 20. (Range 9187 - 18187). POV = Proportion of Families Living Below the Poverty Line by State Statistical Abstract of the United States 1990. Table 742. (Range 0.079 - 0.239). EDU1 = Proportion of Population Completing 4 Years of High School by State U.S. Department of Education, "Digest of Education

Statistics, 1987." Table 10. (Range 0.531 - 0.825). EDU2 = Proportion of Population Completing 4 or More Years of College by State U.S. Department of Education, "Digest of Education Statistics, 1987." Table 10. (Range 0.104 - 0.275). ALCC = Per-Capita Consumption of Alcohol by State, in Gallons, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, "Alcohol Use in the U.S." January- March, 1987. Page 22. (Range 1.53 - 5.34). TOBC = Per-Capita Consumption of Cigarettes by State, in Packs Tobacco Institute Annual 1987. "Tax Burden on Tobacco." Table 11. (Range 66.5 - 201.1). HEXC = Per-Capita Health Care Expenditures by State, in Dollars (Personal, State, and Federal Spending) Almanac of the 50 States, 1987. Pages 9-357. Various Tables (By State). (Range 1203 - 3872). PHYS = Physicians per 100,000 Population by State Health Insurance Association of America, "Source Book of Health Insurance Data, 1986-7." Table 7.1. (Range 117 - 552). URB = Proportion of Population Living in Urban Areas by State Statistical Abstract of the United States 1990. Page xii. State Rankings Section. (Range 0.2 - 1) AGED = Proportion of Population over the Age of 65, by State U.S. Department of Commerce. "Current Population Reports, 1987." Page 86. Table 8. (Range 0.034 0.177).

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA4-12) MORT INCC POV EDU1 EDU2 ALCC TOBC HEXC PHYS URB AGED

934.9 10673 0.189 0.565 0.122 1.90 114.5 1620 142 0.675 0.122 396.2 18187 0.107 0.825 0.211 3.86 128.9 1667 127 0.417 0.034 771.5 12795 0.132 0.724 0.174 3.08 107.1 1473 184 0.764 0.1231022.8 10476 0.190 0.555 0.108 1.78 125.8 1552 136 0.397 0.149 766.0 16065 0.114 0.735 0.196 3.19 102.8 2069 235 0.957 0.106 625.7 14812 0.101 0.786 0.230 3.09 112.4 1664 196 0.817 0.090 888.4 18089 0.080 0.703 0.207 2.80 111.0 1945 275 0.926 0.133 880.2 14272 0.119 0.686 0.175 3.17 144.5 1691 185 0.659 0.1141120.5 18168 0.186 0.671 0.275 5.34 122.1 3872 552 1.000 0.1221065.6 13742 0.135 0.667 0.149 3.12 124.2 1886 191 0.908 0.177 814.3 12543 0.166 0.564 0.146 2.48 128.8 1755 159 0.648 0.100 554.2 13814 0.099 0.738 0.203 2.97 69.8 1693 212 0.763 0.097 708.7 11120 0.126 0.737 0.158 2.43 100.7 1288 118 0.200 0.112 886.5 14738 0.110 0.665 0.162 2.77 121.6 1864 199 0.825 0.120 876.3 12446 0.097 0.664 0.125 2.19 135.3 1625 142 0.681 0.119 966.1 12594 0.101 0.715 0.139 2.09 109.4 1758 136 0.434 0.145 900.3 13775 0.101 0.733 0.170 1.95 115.7 1820 162 0.534 0.134 935.0 10824 0.176 0.531 0.111 1.85 182.4 1404 149 0.461 0.120 825.4 11274 0.186 0.577 0.139 2.63 125.0 1716 173 0.692 0.101 979.4 11887 0.130 0.687 0.144 2.57 127.9 1641 165 0.361 0.133 833.6 15864 0.098 0.674 0.204 2.84 121.9 1732 303 0.929 0.106 955.4 16380 0.096 0.722 0.200 3.04 117.2 2289 300 0.906 0.136 866.2 13608 0.104 0.680 0.143 2.60 126.6 1996 174 0.799 0.114 830.2 14087 0.095 0.731 0.174 2.68 113.0 1888 203 0.666 0.125 944.6 9187 0.239 0.548 0.123 2.06 115.3 1519 117 0.305 0.1201000.4 13244 0.122 0.635 0.139 2.27 129.2 1858 179 0.660 0.137 815.0 10974 0.123 0.744 0.175 2.95 103.6 1494 136 0.242 0.121 928.5 13281 0.107 0.734 0.155 2.41 105.1 1766 156 0.476 0.136 772.3 14488 0.087 0.755 0.144 5.19 146.7 1946 155 0.826 0.103 849.1 14964 0.085 0.723 0.182 4.91 201.1 1417 179 0.563 0.116

940.7 17211 0.095 0.674 0.183 2.83 116.9 1702 219 1.000 0.129 672.8 10914 0.176 0.689 0.176 2.75 88.0 1385 161 0.489 0.098 969.9 16050 0.134 0.663 0.179 2.67 115.9 2412 287 0.912 0.128 846.3 11617 0.148 0.548 0.132 2.13 156.3 1380 168 0.554 0.115 821.6 12052 0.126 0.664 0.148 2.55 103.2 1872 157 0.384 0.130 920.6 13228 0.103 0.670 0.137 2.26 126.7 1833 182 0.789 0.123 900.8 12232 0.134 0.660 0.151 1.91 124.2 1644 138 0.588 0.124 889.7 12622 0.107 0.756 0.179 2.63 118.6 1654 189 0.677 0.1341043.9 13437 0.105 0.647 0.136 2.25 115.8 1894 214 0.848 0.146 997.6 13906 0.103 0.611 0.154 2.92 133.4 2054 223 0.926 0.146 812.6 10586 0.166 0.537 0.134 2.50 125.4 1341 146 0.605 0.105 932.6 11161 0.169 0.679 0.140 2.33 104.4 1617 130 0.291 0.139 906.8 11243 0.165 0.562 0.126 1.95 128.7 1671 176 0.671 0.123 722.2 13483 0.147 0.626 0.169 2.82 115.9 1577 160 0.813 0.095 550.1 10493 0.103 0.800 0.199 1.53 66.5 1203 171 0.774 0.080 871.4 12117 0.121 0.710 0.190 3.12 144.5 1481 232 0.232 0.119 794.1 14542 0.118 0.624 0.191 2.55 134.6 1498 194 0.722 0.105 782.8 13876 0.098 0.776 0.190 2.71 96.5 1660 196 0.816 0.1171003.8 10193 0.150 0.560 0.104 1.68 109.1 1542 156 0.365 0.136 868.8 13154 0.087 0.696 0.148 3.19 107.0 1862 172 0.665 0.130 642.9 13223 0.079 0.779 0.172 2.86 125.7 1453 125 0.292 0.084

DATA4-13: Data on the factors affecting baseball attendance -- compiled by Scott Daniel. ATTEND = Attendance in thousands for the years 1984-86. Source: The Sporting News Official Baseball Guide 1985,86,87 on p.267,287, and 286. (Range 655.181 - 3264.593). POP = the population of the metropolitan area where the team is located (in thousands). Source: Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1981 p18-20 Table 23. For the Canadian cities, the source is the Canada Year Book 1980-81 p.133 Table 4.9. (Range 1327 - 9120). CAPACITY = Capacity of the Stadium where the team plays its home games. (in thousands). Source: The Sporting News Official Baseball Guide 1984, 85, 86. pp.280-320. (Range 33.583 - 74.208). PRIORWIN = the number of wins the team had in the year prior to the year under examination. Source: The Sporting News Official Baseball Guide 1984,85,86 on p.86,160 for the 84 edition, p.86, 160 for the 85 edition, and p.86,160 for the 1986 edition. (Range 57 - 104). CURNTWIN = the number of wins the team had in the year under study. Source: 1985, 86, and 87 editions of The Sporting News Baseball Guide on p.86, 160 for 1985 and 1986 editions, P. 78,162 for the 1987 edition. (Range 57 - 108). G1 = the number of games behind the division leader the team is in the standings on April 30. These are calculated using the individual team reports found in Th Sporting News Official Baseball Guide of 1985,86,87. They are located from pp 30-160 in each edition. (Range 0 - 10.5). G2 = the number of games behind the division leader the team is on May 31. See above for source. (Range 0 - 19.5). G3 = the number of games behind the division leader the team is on June 30. See above for source. (Range 0 - 22.5). G4 = the number of games behind the division leader the team is on July 31. See above for source. (Range 0 - 31). G5 = the number of games behind the division leader the team is on August 31. See above for source. (Range 0 - 37). GF = the number of games behind the division leader the team is

after the season was over. See above for source. (Range 0 -44). OTHER = the number of other baseball teams in the metropolitan area. (Range 0 - 1). TEAMS = the number of Football, Basketball, or Hockey teams found in the Metropolitan area. The leagues included are the NFL, the CFL, the NBA, and the NHL. This was independently researched by going through old Sporting News Guides for each of these individual leagues. The years covered were the guides of 1984, 1985, 1986 for the NFL and the CFL, and the 1984-85, 1985-86, 1986-87 guides for the NHL and the NBA. (Range 1 - 7).

SAMPLE 1 78READ (DATA4-13) ATTEND POP CAPACITY PRIORWIN CURNTWIN & G1-G5 GF OTHER TEAMS

2704.794 4353 52.806 92 104 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 32110.009 2803 43.737 89 89 6.0 5.5 10.0 12.0 9.5 15.0 0 21821.815 9120 57.545 91 87 10.5 17.5 21.0 20.0 15.0 17.0 1 71661.618 2763 33.583 84 86 10.0 16.5 19.0 16.5 15.5 18.0 0 22045.784 2174 53.197 98 85 9.5 10.5 13.5 14.5 14.0 19.0 0 1 734.079 1899 74.208 70 75 7.5 19.5 22.5 26.0 27.5 29.0 0 21608.509 1397 53.192 87 67 9.0 15.0 21.0 25.0 31.0 36.5 0 12468.925 2803 43.737 89 99 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 22214.587 9120 57.545 87 97 6.0 5.5 7.5 7.5 5.0 2.0 1 72286.609 4353 52.806 104 84 1.0 5.5 3.5 9.5 11.5 15.0 0 32132.387 2174 53.198 85 83 0.5 4.0 7.5 12.5 12.5 16.0 0 11786.633 2763 33.583 86 81 4.0 9.5 7.5 10.5 20.5 18.5 0 21360.265 1397 53.192 67 71 4.5 8.0 11.0 18.0 20.5 28.0 0 1 655.181 1899 74.208 75 60 6.0 14.5 22.0 31.0 35.0 39.5 0 22147.641 2763 33.583 81 95 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 22268.030 9120 57.545 97 90 0.0 2.5 8.0 4.0 6.5 5.5 1 61899.437 4353 52.806 84 87 3.5 8.0 12.0 6.0 9.0 8.5 0 32455.477 2803 43.737 99 86 5.0 10.0 10.5 5.5 3.5 9.5 0 21471.805 1899 74.208 60 84 2.5 9.0 10.5 6.0 11.5 11.5 0 21265.041 1397 53.192 71 77 4.0 7.5 12.0 9.5 11.5 18.0 0 1

1973.176 2174 54.076 83 73 4.0 3.5 10.0 4.5 11.0 22.5 0 11810.018 1327 40.625 79 84 3.5 3.5 5.5 5.0 2.0 0.0 0 22402.997 1932 65.158 70 81 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 2.5 3.0 0 11598.692 2114 55.122 70 81 3.0 1.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0 21353.281 3253 50.219 74 77 1.0 2.5 3.5 8.0 12.5 7.0 1 22136.988 7102 44.432 99 74 4.5 2.5 3.0 4.5 6.5 10.0 1 3 870.372 1607 59.438 60 74 1.5 2.5 4.5 7.0 10.5 10.0 0 21102.471 2975 43.508 77 69 5.0 5.0 6.5 10.5 9.0 14.5 0 22162.171 1327 40.625 84 91 2.0 1.0 3.5 2.5 2.5 0.0 0 12567.427 1932 65.158 81 90 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0 11699.888 7102 44.432 74 85 3.0 2.5 4.5 3.5 9.0 6.0 1 31615.814 2114 55.122 81 77 2.5 5.0 7.0 10.5 14.0 14.0 0 21334.599 3253 50.255 77 77 5.0 4.0 2.0 5.0 6.0 14.0 1 21128.696 1607 59.438 74 74 5.0 6.0 5.0 9.5 14.0 17.0 0 21112.497 2975 43.508 69 62 6.0 9.0 13.5 18.5 24.5 28.5 0 22655.872 1932 64.573 90 92 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 11692.002 2975 43.508 62 87 3.0 0.0 0.5 3.5 5.5 5.0 0 22320.794 1327 40.625 91 76 3.0 1.0 3.5 9.5 14.0 16.0 0 11314.646 3253 50.219 77 76 2.0 2.0 11.5 12.5 14.0 16.0 1 21424.313 7102 44.087 85 72 5.0 5.5 6.5 10.5 17.5 20.0 1 31255.453 2114 55.244 77 71 5.0 5.5 7.0 12.0 19.0 21.0 0 21029.045 1607 59.438 74 67

DATA4-14: Annual tuition and average salary gain for MBAs at the 25 top business schools in the country. Both measures are in thousands of dollars. Range for tuition is 11.854 - 24.655 and range for salary gain is 27 - 60. The file also includes additional data on ratings by recruiters and MBAs in various categories. Ratings are from 1 (A) to 4 (D). Source: Business Week, October 21, 1996.z1 = MBA skills graded by recruiters in being analystsz2 = MBA skills graded by recruiters in being team playersz3 = MBA skills graded by recruiters in having a global viewz4 = Teaching evaluation by MBAsz5 = Curriculum evaluation by MBAs

SAMPLE 1 25

READ (DATA4-14) slrygain tuition z1-z5

55.00 23.608 1 2 1 2 142.90 23.180 1 1 1 1 150.00 23.025 2 1 1 2 255.64 23.840 1 3 1 1 145.00 19.627 1 1 2 1 144.85 23.830 1 2 1 2 254.00 23.100 1 2 1 3 242.00 24.655 1 2 1 3 257.75 23.900 1 3 1 2 260.00 23.700 3 1 2 1 133.00 23.690 2 2 2 3 248.00 18.963 2 2 3 2 141.00 18.788 2 3 3 1 136.00 22.500 1 1 2 3 332.00 15.613 2 1 2 2 328.75 20.100 3 3 3 1 144.18 22.200 1 2 2 1 133.25 22.450 2 1 2 2 237.25 14.332 3 2 3 1 233.00 11.854 3 2 3 3 230.00 21.240 2 3 2 2 243.05 23.130 2 2 2 2 232.35 20.524 2 4 4 1 229.00 21.800 3 3 2 1 127.00 18.950 3 3 1 3 2

DATA4-15 Cross-country data (n = 41) on inequality coefficients for 1989 base, compiled by Elmer Gamoning. Y = gini coefficient range 0<YT

SAMPLE 1 41READ (DATA4-15) Y gnp gdp pop urb lit edu agr

0.4759 2950 -6.3 1.4 86.2 93.9 71 9.60.3939 670 9.0 1.5 67.3 98.8 88 11.40.3732 16340 2.9 1.5 85.2 99.0 99 4.10.4454 11780 2.3 1.8 82.8 98.0 93 5.00.2885 200 2.5 1.9 15.2 29.2 12 37.20.5245 720 2.9 2.2 54.8 88.2 33 21.00.5960 2590 3.3 1.9 73.8 79.9 39 8.50.2069 2830 -2.5 0.1 67.1 97.9 75 10.90.2741 18970 2.4 1.4 76.6 96.6 99 2.80.5788 2060 9.9 1.7 83.2 94.3 76 9.00.3600 390 4.2 1.5 25.5 77.8 46 26.40.4607 1660 5.7 2.8 46.7 92.6 41 17.20.5046 870 12.7 2.2 59.5 74.0 74 17.80.2050 22850 5.7 0.3 61.1 99.0 99 6.60.3674 400 4.9 3.2 33.7 60.3 40 49.00.5906 960 3.9 2.9 39.1 55.1 25 25.60.5400 870 3.8 3.1 40.1 73.1 23 21.10.2334 2780 0.3 0.4 61.6 98.9 78 15.00.3046 370 6.6 2.1 25.3 40.8 43 31.10.3274 16050 2.9 0.1 66.7 96.5 75 3.50.4353 1560 6.8 0.8 51.0 81.8 61 7.0

0.3760 25450 4.7 0.4 77.1 99.0 97 2.60.4835 2240 9.2 2.5 49.0 69.6 58 7.00.5498 2210 3.5 3.3 72.0 87.6 56 7.70.2960 17130 4.7 0.6 88.7 99.0 97 4.30.3658 12610 1.7 0.7 84.6 99.0 84 8.40.2440 21990 0.8 0.4 72.1 99.0 99 2.80.5647 1990 -0.4 2.0 51.5 88.8 59 11.90.2671 1990 1.1 0.5 62.1 98.8 83 12.90.2338 1850 -5.9 0.2 52.9 96.7 99 14.40.3900 11010 9.2 1.1 100.0 89.1 70 16.70.1830 2230 1.0 0.4 56.0 99.0 96 0.70.2777 2640 2.7 0.5 73.6 98.0 90 9.70.2591 9770 4.8 0.4 75.2 95.8 72 4.80.3133 22710 2.4 0.5 83.1 99.0 90 3.20.4381 1350 12.2 1.7 18.5 93.3 31 15.10.3300 420 6.2 2.5 10.9 56.1 13 56.50.3120 15300 2.2 0.3 89.0 99.0 83 1.90.4236 2600 2.8 0.9 75.1 95.0 78 2.00.3816 22050 1.4 0.6 88.6 98.0 90 12.50.4408 2610 -8.9 2.6 89.8 90.0 34 6.1

DATA6-1: Data on cost function Source: W.A. Spurr and C.P.Bonini, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR BUSINESS DECISIONS, Irwin, 1973, Page 535. UNITCOST = COST PER UNIT IN DOLLARS (RANGE 3.65 - 6.62) OUTPUT = INDEX OF OUTPUT (RANGE 50 - 104) INPCOST = INDEX OF INPUT COSTS (RANGE 80 - 150)

SAMPLE 1 20READ (DATA6-1) UNITCOST OUTPUT INPCOST

3.65 85 804.22 78 934.29 82 1075.43 64 1156.62 50 1305.71 62 1285.09 70 1163.99 90 924.08 94 944.38 100 1104.28 104 1154.42 82 1175.11 75 1284.88 84 1344.99 86 1354.57 90 1354.84 94 1395.16 80 1425.67 72 1476.26 60 150

DATA6-2: Data on the white tuna (Thunnus Alalunga) fishery production in the Basque region of Spain. Data compiled by Felix Telleria. catch = total catch in thousands of tonnes, Range 16.608 - 51.8

effort = total days of fishing in thousands, Range 10.31185 - 61.24754

SAMPLE 1 34READ (DATA6-2) year catch effort

1961 41.400 45.035121962 51.800 50.056731963 44.300 44.300001964 48.000 44.540001965 44.826 59.978781966 39.208 45.376871967 48.278 46.608331968 37.819 52.245261969 31.992 54.119671970 29.894 35.608161971 39.406 61.247541972 34.279 54.761611973 27.958 46.566431974 36.407 28.514771975 27.827 27.165321976 33.710 38.833271977 32.888 22.071061978 35.804 31.362051979 38.950 25.687351980 29.157 19.380041981 23.748 21.788841982 28.333 20.104701983 31.945 27.180851984 18.434 17.923671985 22.531 18.970281986 25.587 22.377781987 29.777 16.898441988 27.906 20.196131989 25.757 16.428391990 24.503 15.572841991 16.608 17.144021992 18.162 15.785741993 18.371 12.120641994 16.993 10.31185

DATA6-3: United Kingdom Annual data. Cons = Per capita consumption expenditure in British pounds (Range 1858 - 4744) DI = Per capita personal disposable income in British pounds (Range 1875 - 5084) Source: Economic Trends, Annual Supplement 1991 Edition. A publication of the Government Statistical Service, London, UK.

SAMPLE 1 42READ (DATA6-3) Year Cons DI

1948 1858 18751949 1877 19091950 1917 19571951 1892 1932

1952 1887 19641953 1963 20511954 2037 21101955 2117 22011956 2126 22481957 2160 22731958 2203 22981959 2285 24021960 2354 25381961 2386 26231962 2418 26281963 2513 27241964 2573 28201965 2595 28591966 2627 29071967 2676 29341968 2738 29711969 2742 29861970 2813 30931971 2889 31171972 3062 33691973 3216 35761974 3169 35471975 3157 35641976 3171 35511977 3159 34761978 3338 37361979 3478 39471980 3477 40031981 3478 39751982 3516 39691983 3676 40761984 3727 41651985 3849 42631986 4082 44441987 4286 45891988 4584 48471989 4744 5084

DATA6-4: Data on salaries and employment characteristics of 49 employees in a certain company. Data compiled by Susan Wong WAGE = WAGE RATE PER MONTH (RANGE 981 - 3833) EDUC = YEARS OF EDUCATION BEYOND 8TH GRADE WHEN HIRED (RANGE 1 - 11) EXPER = NUMBER OF YEARS AT THE COMPANY (RANGE 1 - 23) AGE = AGE OF EMPLOYEE (25 - 64)

SAMPLE 1 49READ (DATA6-4) WAGE EDUC EXPER AGE

1345 6 2 382435 4 18 521715 6 4 451461 6 4 581639 9 3 301345 5 8 431602 7 6 301144 4 3 33

1566 6 23 511496 4 15 371234 4 9 451345 6 3 551345 5 14 573389 9 16 361839 4 20 60 981 4 5 351345 9 10 341566 5 4 281187 6 1 251345 7 10 431345 9 2 422167 4 17 471402 11 2 462115 4 15 522218 8 11 643575 11 1 391972 4 1 391234 4 2 401926 5 9 532165 6 15 592365 6 12 351345 9 5 451839 4 14 372613 5 14 372533 11 3 431602 8 5 321839 9 18 402218 7 1 491529 4 10 431461 1 10 313307 9 22 453833 11 3 311839 4 14 551461 6 5 301433 9 3 282115 6 15 601839 4 13 321288 4 9 581288 6 4 29

DATA6-5: This is time series data from 1959 to 1989 measuring Oregon's Total Softwood harvest. All data are entered on a yearly basis. Compiled by Anthony Hazen. HARVEST = Total Softwood Timber harvested from Oregon in a given year. Data are in billion board feet. (Range 5.1212 - 8.743) EXPORTS = Volume of timber exports to foriegn destinations measured in 100 million board feet. (1.469 - 13.874) HOUSTART = Total housing starts in the U.S, in millions. (Range 1.072 - 2.379) INDPROD = Index of Industrial Production for paper and wood products. (Range 4.75 - 15.57) TIMBPRIC = Stumpage prices for the Pacific Northwest. Prices are measured in dollars per 1000 board feet. (Range 2.48 - 43.22) PRODPRIC = Producer Price Index for all commodities. (Range 3.16 - 10.87)

SAMPLE 1 31

READ (DATA6-5) HARVEST EXPORTS HOUSTART INDPROD TIMBPRIC PRODPRIC

5.1212 1.757 1.554 4.75 3.68 3.165.1599 1.836 1.296 4.93 3.2 3.175.6790 1.877 1.365 5.52 2.76 3.166.3289 1.469 1.493 5.52 2.48 3.176.7946 2.974 1.635 5.84 2.8 3.167.7419 3.712 1.561 6.2 3.81 3.168.0178 2.829 1.510 6.66 4.26 3.237.8653 3.886 1.196 7.19 5 3.337.7140 5.023 1.322 7.2 4.17 3.347.4246 6.526 1.545 7.59 6.73 3.427.8590 5.615 1.500 8.19 8.22 3.567.1660 6.369 1.469 8.1 4.19 3.698.0470 5.174 2.085 8.45 4.91 3.818.4260 7.299 2.379 9.19 7.17 3.988.3740 8.059 2.058 9.84 13.81 4.507.5510 7.658 1.353 9.76 20.24 5.357.1260 7.981 1.171 8.48 16.95 5.847.9290 9.441 1.548 9.64 17.62 6.118.1020 8.887 1.990 10 22.59 6.498.0150 9.314 2.023 10.68 25.03 6.997.6940 9.836 1.749 11.08 34.43 7.876.6390 9.327 1.313 11.06 43.22 8.985.6950 6.713 1.100 11.24 35.02 9.805.7580 9.709 1.072 10.04 11.82 10.007.4640 8.517 1.713 11.98 16.16 10.137.5500 9.331 1.756 12.72 13.29 10.378.1270 11.125 1.745 12.76 12.62 10.328.7430 10.415 1.805 13.65 16.07 10.028.2150 11.041 1.621 14.44 10.02 10.288.6150 13.874 1.488 15.03 25.6 10.698.1860 12.572 1.550 15.57 38.98 10.87

DATA6-6: U.S. farm population as percent of total population (Range 1.9 - 16.6) Source: 1996 Economic Report of the President, Table B-96

SAMPLE 1 44* Sample period 1948-1991READ (DATA6-6) year farmpop

1948 16.61949 16.21950 15.21951 14.21952 13.91953 12.51954 11.71955 11.51956 11.11957 10.31958 9.81959 9.3

1960 8.71961 8.11962 7.71963 7.11964 6.71965 6.41966 5.91967 5.51968 5.21969 5.11970 4.71971 4.51972 4.61973 4.51974 4.31975 4.11976 3.81977 2.81978 2.91979 2.81980 2.71981 2.51982 2.41983 2.51984 2.41985 2.21986 2.21987 2.11988 2.11989 2.01990 1.91991 1.9

DATA7-1: Data on salaries and gender of 49 employees in a certain company. Data compiled by Susan Wong WAGE = WAGE RATE PER MONTH (Range 981 - 3833) D = 1 FOR MALE AND 0 FOR FEMALE

SAMPLE 1 49READ (DATA7-1) WAGE D

1345 02435 11715 11461 11639 11345 01602 01144 01566 11496 11234 01345 01345 03389 11839 1 981 1

1345 01566 01187 01345 01345 02167 11402 12115 12218 13575 11972 11234 01926 12165 02365 01345 01839 02613 12533 11602 01839 02218 11529 01461 13307 13833 11839 11461 01433 12115 01839 11288 11288 0

DATA7-2: Data on salaries and employment characteristics of 49 employees in a certain company. Data compiled by Susan Wong. WAGE = Wage rate per month (Range 981 - 3833) EDUC = Years of education beyond 8th grade when hired (Range 1 - 11) EXPER = Number of years at the company (Range 1 - 23) AGE = Age of employee (25 - 64) GENDER = 1 for male and 0 for female RACE = 1 For white, 0 for non-white CLERICAL = 1 for clerical workers, 0 for others MAINT = 1 for workers in maintenance and 0 for others CRAFTS =1 if employee was in crafts, 0 otherwise Control group is professionals.

SAMPLE 1 49READ (DATA7-2) WAGE EDUC EXPER AGE GENDER RACE CLERICAL MAINT CRAFTS

1345 6 2 38 0 1 1 0 02435 4 18 52 1 1 0 0 11715 6 4 45 1 1 0 1 01461 6 4 58 1 1 1 0 01639 9 3 30 1 0 0 0 11345 5 8 43 0 1 1 0 01602 7 6 30 0 1 1 0 0

1144 4 3 33 0 0 0 1 01566 6 23 51 1 0 0 1 01496 4 15 37 1 1 0 1 01234 4 9 45 0 0 1 0 01345 6 3 55 0 1 1 0 01345 5 14 57 0 1 1 0 03389 9 16 36 1 1 0 0 01839 4 20 60 1 1 0 1 0 981 4 5 35 1 0 0 1 01345 9 10 34 0 1 1 0 01566 5 4 28 0 0 1 0 01187 6 1 25 0 1 1 0 01345 7 10 43 0 1 1 0 01345 9 2 42 0 1 1 0 02167 4 17 47 1 0 0 1 01402 11 2 46 1 1 1 0 02115 4 15 52 1 0 0 0 12218 8 11 64 1 1 0 0 13575 11 1 39 1 1 0 0 01972 4 1 39 1 1 0 0 11234 4 2 40 0 1 1 0 01926 5 9 53 1 0 0 1 02165 6 15 59 0 1 0 0 02365 6 12 35 0 0 0 0 01345 9 5 45 0 1 1 0 01839 4 14 37 0 0 0 0 02613 5 14 37 1 1 0 0 12533 11 3 43 1 1 0 0 01602 8 5 32 0 1 1 0 01839 9 18 40 0 1 0 0 12218 7 1 49 1 1 0 0 01529 4 10 43 0 0 1 0 01461 1 10 31 1 0 0 0 13307 9 22 45 1 1 0 0 13833 11 3 31 1 1 0 0 01839 4 14 55 1 0 0 1 01461 6 5 30 0 1 1 0 01433 9 3 28 1 0 0 0 12115 6 15 60 0 0 0 0 01839 4 13 32 1 0 0 1 01288 4 9 58 1 0 0 1 01288 6 4 29 0 0 0 0 1

DATA7-3: Determinants of the sale price of single family homes in University City community of San Diego, in 1990.

price = Sale price in thousands of dollars (Range 199.9 - 505) sqft = Living are in square feet (Range 1065 - 3000) bedrms = Number of bedrooms (Range 3 - 4) baths = Number of bathrooms (Range 1.75 - 3) pool = 1 if the house has a swimming pool, 0 otherwise famroom = 1 if the house has a family room, 0 otherwise firepl = 1 if the house has a fireplace, 0 otherwise

SAMPLE 1 14READ (DATA7-3) price sqft bedrms baths pool famroom firepl

199.9 1065 3 1.75 1 0 0

228 1254 3 2 0 0 0 235 1300 3 2 1 1 1 285 1577 4 2.5 0 1 1 239 1600 3 2 0 1 1 293 1750 4 2 0 0 1 285 1800 4 2.75 0 1 1 365 1870 4 2 1 1 1 295 1935 4 2.5 0 1 1 290 1948 4 2 0 1 1 385 2254 4 3 1 1 1 505 2600 3 2.5 1 1 1 425 2800 4 3 0 1 1 415 3000 4 3 0 1 1

DATA7-4: THE FOLLOWING ARE FROM 1980 and 1990 CENSUS DATA BY STATES PARTICIPATION RATE (IN %) OF ALL WOMEN OVER 16 1980 data compiled by Kathrine McGregor and 1990 data compiled by Louis Cruz

WLFP = persons 16 years & over--percent in labor force who are female (Range 36.5 - 66.4)

YF = median earnings ($) by females 15 years & over with income in 1979 (observations 1 through 50) and 1989 (observations 51-100) (Range 2366 - 25620)

YM = median earnings ($) by males 15 years & over with income in in 1979 (observations 1 through 50) and 1989 (observations 51-100) (Range 5842 - 35622)

EDUC = females 25 years & over--percent high school graduate or higher (Range 49.8 - 86.1)

UE = civilian labor force--percent unemployed (Range 2.8 - 9.6) MR = female population 15 & over--percent now married (excluding

separated), Range 46.88 - 65.2. DR = female population 15 & over--percent who are divorced

(Range 3 - 16.8). URB = percent of population living in urban areas (Range 32.2 - 92.6) WH = female population--percent 16 years and over who are white

(Range 24.69 - 99.2). D90 = 1 for 1990 Census and 0 for 1980 Census

SAMPLE 1 100READ (DATA7-4) WLFP YF YM EDUC UE MR DR URB WH D90

45.4 2922 7420 53.5 7.1 56.40 7.00 58.4 74.00 059.7 4956 13446 78.1 9.2 61.90 8.60 48.4 78.50 047.8 3187 8770 69.7 5.1 58.50 8.20 79.6 85.90 044.6 2569 6272 52.5 6.2 59.60 9.30 50.0 83.90 052.6 3915 9750 71.8 6.2 53.00 6.10 90.9 79.30 055.3 3494 9817 76.5 4.8 57.20 6.00 78.5 90.00 053.6 3681 10103 67.3 5.1 53.90 4.50 77.4 91.60 051.6 3433 10329 66.9 8.0 54.00 5.30 72.2 83.60 045.8 3379 7619 61.6 6.0 56.30 7.90 80.5 86.00 052.3 3299 7200 53.7 5.1 61.30 6.50 60.3 73.40 057.8 4082 9489 66.5 7.7 57.30 5.50 83.1 33.00 049.0 2662 8389 69.2 5.7 64.20 7.10 54.1 96.60 051.6 3825 10322 62.4 5.5 53.60 4.60 83.0 82.70 050.4 3303 9847 63.2 6.4 58.10 7.70 64.9 91.80 050.1 3096 9223 71.1 4.1 59.20 3.90 57.2 97.90 0

51.0 3427 8747 69.8 3.4 59.80 5.40 66.1 92.80 043.8 3060 6932 51.3 5.6 59.10 4.50 52.3 92.60 044.2 2446 7553 53.0 6.7 54.60 3.80 66.1 70.50 047.9 2939 7364 67.7 7.2 56.90 5.60 50.8 99.10 054.6 4402 10803 66.4 5.6 52.60 4.10 76.6 76.20 052.9 3795 9421 69.7 6.1 49.50 3.00 84.6 94.40 048.8 3550 10364 67.3 7.8 55.20 4.80 73.8 86.10 054.0 3215 9005 70.9 4.2 57.00 3.70 66.4 97.30 046.2 2366 5842 50.6 5.8 54.80 5.60 44.5 66.40 049.3 3348 8149 60.8 4.5 56.60 5.70 70.1 89.10 049.0 2545 8161 71.8 5.1 61.00 6.50 53.4 95.10 051.3 3101 9045 71.7 3.2 58.90 4.00 61.5 95.70 060.1 4295 9636 73.0 5.1 57.00 16.80 80.9 88.90 054.5 3421 8785 69.6 3.1 56.70 5.90 56.4 99.00 050.6 3855 10362 62.9 6.9 53.20 3.20 88.9 84.90 046.5 2991 7485 63.0 6.6 58.40 8.00 69.8 78.40 048.2 4246 9763 62.6 7.1 49.20 3.70 88.9 80.90 053.9 3602 6975 53.4 4.8 56.50 4.90 45.0 77.20 047.3 2478 8012 66.4 3.7 60.90 3.20 44.3 96.80 048.0 3367 10003 65.7 5.9 56.30 5.50 75.8 89.40 048.0 2977 7716 61.0 3.4 58.50 7.90 68.0 87.50 050.2 3143 8920 74.6 6.8 60.60 7.00 67.1 95.60 045.7 3375 9256 60.5 6.9 53.80 3.40 71.5 90.40 052.4 3556 8737 56.1 6.6 51.30 3.90 87.1 95.70 052.9 3022 7373 53.0 5.0 55.20 4.70 47.6 70.20 049.3 2500 7170 67.8 3.5 59.50 3.90 44.6 96.20 048.9 3246 6817 50.7 5.8 57.30 6.80 58.7 84.30 051.0 3214 8542 59.7 4.5 58.60 6.90 79.7 81.10 049.5 2899 9535 77.7 4.3 62.40 6.90 80.4 91.70 051.8 3194 7443 69.6 5.1 54.40 4.60 32.2 99.20 052.4 3554 9176 61.9 4.7 55.90 4.50 63.1 80.10 050.6 3173 10070 75.6 6.8 58.10 6.90 72.6 92.10 036.5 2893 7989 49.8 6.7 59.70 5.30 39.0 96.00 052.7 3218 9346 68.3 4.5 56.80 3.60 65.9 95.20 051.6 2791 9420 73.7 2.8 65.20 7.80 60.5 95.60 052.3 15735 25532 66.0 6.9 53.26 9.43 60.4 58.42 166.4 25620 35621 86.1 8.8 59.07 11.91 67.5 54.18 154.8 18976 27292 78.2 7.2 54.15 11.56 87.5 64.35 151.9 14736 21920 66.1 6.8 56.52 9.38 53.5 65.49 157.7 23123 31980 75.5 6.6 50.80 11.01 92.6 55.24 162.5 20001 29285 83.8 5.7 54.67 11.99 82.4 69.12 160.9 24057 35485 78.8 5.4 51.61 8.82 79.1 71.28 161.1 20256 30222 77.4 4.0 52.01 9.18 73.0 64.52 152.8 17867 25789 74.2 5.8 53.58 11.08 84.8 69.14 159.9 18291 26684 70.1 5.7 52.00 10.33 63.2 55.84 163.3 20073 27147 78.4 3.5 55.33 9.03 89.0 24.69 156.1 16122 25475 80.2 6.1 60.92 9.75 57.4 70.06 157.7 20325 31406 75.7 6.6 50.82 9.06 84.6 62.48 157.4 17101 28197 74.9 5.7 54.74 10.40 64.9 70.97 157.8 16465 25391 80.6 4.5 56.79 7.97 60.6 75.88 158.0 17336 26535 80.9 4.7 57.48 9.59 69.1 70.41 151.2 16058 25011 65.0 7.4 55.79 9.74 51.8 72.41 150.2 15993 25876 68.4 9.6 49.96 8.88 68.1 51.80 157.5 17406 26024 79.4 6.6 55.44 9.95 44.6 77.73 163.4 22360 32078 78.2 4.3 50.34 8.57 81.3 56.80 160.3 23090 32749 79.6 6.7 47.69 8.07 84.3 74.02 155.7 20263 32344 76.8 8.2 51.63 10.06 70.5 65.28 162.5 19756 29475 82.8 5.1 55.36 8.13 69.9 73.57 152.0 14472 22251 64.5 8.4 50.09 8.57 47.1 49.64 1

56.4 17421 27060 73.1 6.2 53.97 9.71 68.7 69.14 155.8 15268 24769 81.7 7.0 58.51 9.88 52.5 71.37 160.3 16009 24333 82.2 3.7 56.80 8.09 66.1 72.63 162.9 19291 27764 77.9 6.2 54.18 15.06 88.3 66.66 164.4 20468 30940 82.3 6.2 56.36 9.14 51.0 77.00 158.8 23243 35622 75.9 5.7 51.12 7.47 89.4 64.92 153.9 16783 25372 74.3 8.0 54.22 11.32 73.0 58.09 155.5 22437 31861 74.2 6.9 46.88 7.57 84.3 60.66 159.8 16475 23452 70.2 4.8 53.52 8.11 50.4 60.96 157.3 14731 22559 78.3 5.3 58.78 6.42 53.3 72.67 154.7 18666 29796 75.3 6.6 52.97 10.13 74.1 69.18 153.5 16820 25566 73.7 6.9 56.64 11.16 67.7 65.23 156.1 18420 27720 81.7 6.2 55.52 11.84 70.5 73.36 152.8 18845 28850 73.9 6.0 51.38 7.33 68.9 72.76 158.3 19631 29841 71.1 6.6 49.33 8.85 86.0 75.45 158.3 16140 24130 67.8 5.6 52.20 7.84 54.6 54.60 158.5 14271 21425 78.6 4.2 57.80 7.22 50.0 70.32 155.7 16367 24988 66.7 6.4 54.04 10.38 60.9 66.35 156.4 18629 27081 71.5 7.1 54.58 10.26 80.3 58.26 158.6 17208 28597 84.7 5.3 59.24 8.69 87.0 64.20 160.7 19951 28974 75.3 4.5 53.64 9.32 69.4 77.34 162.3 18613 25883 82.0 5.9 53.63 8.33 32.2 61.94 157.9 20607 31026 83.5 5.7 55.41 11.77 76.4 69.63 142.6 15299 26184 66.0 9.6 55.57 8.66 36.1 76.81 160.1 17465 27653 78.8 5.2 54.72 8.08 65.7 72.37 158.7 16260 28280 83.1 5.9 60.60 10.38 65.0 70.03 1

DATA7-5: Sealing compound shipment data - compiled by Rodney Random PERIOD = Jan 1983 through May 1990 Q = shipments of sealing compound used in construction in gallons/month (Range 90 - 7723) P = price per gallon in dollars (Range 5.48 - 14.21) HS = Housing starts in thousands (75 - 188.2) SHC = Index of street and highway construction (Range 403.1 - 1978.8) OC = Overall index of public and private construction (Range 107 - 186) L = 1 for July 1986 through October 1988, when company suffered losses due to rumors spread by a rival company PL = 1 from November 1988 onward, the post loss period

SAMPLE 1 89* Monthly data, Sample period 1983.01-1990.05READ (DATA7-5) PERIOD Q P HS SHC OC L PL

1983.01 120 9.90 91.3 473.3 110 0 01983.02 829 8.74 96.3 403.1 107 0 01983.03 1928 5.48 134.6 466.6 114 0 01983.04 930 8.97 135.8 642.2 119 0 01983.05 722 9.49 174.9 949.0 135 0 01983.06 2184 8.45 173.2 1250.9 135 0 01983.07 2632 8.75 161.6 1303.8 123 0 01983.08 4799 7.35 176.8 1686.6 136 0 01983.09 3185 8.58 154.9 1517.0 126 0 01983.10 6202 8.73 159.3 1344.7 124 0 01983.11 2234 8.67 136.0 1040.1 125 0 01983.12 1806 8.56 108.3 639.3 124 0 01984.01 1692 8.00 109.1 452.1 131 0 0

1984.02 1865 7.80 130.0 452.8 134 0 01984.03 3587 7.73 137.5 525.1 132 0 01984.04 1975 8.08 172.7 732.4 130 0 01984.05 3619 8.11 180.7 1034.8 155 0 01984.06 2560 7.80 184.0 1305.1 139 0 01984.07 4135 8.58 162.1 1476.0 135 0 01984.08 1648 8.72 147.4 1563.5 134 0 01984.09 1555 10.04 148.5 1459.2 134 0 01984.10 1626 8.57 152.3 1345.8 134 0 01984.11 2685 8.71 126.2 1052.4 138 0 01984.12 627 8.84 98.9 624.7 137 0 01985.01 484 9.20 105.4 498.5 141 0 01985.02 781 9.07 95.4 439.6 137 0 01985.03 2527 9.36 145.0 549.1 155 0 01985.04 2108 8.69 175.8 767.7 146 0 01985.05 3986 9.22 170.2 1170.8 153 0 01985.06 1909 8.69 163.2 1370.9 143 0 01985.07 2609 8.47 160.7 1421.0 151 0 01985.08 7723 7.84 160.7 1548.2 152 0 01985.09 7149 8.34 147.7 1480.9 160 0 01985.10 3417 8.07 173.0 1426.2 159 0 01985.11 3980 8.18 124.1 1067.6 153 0 01985.12 2230 8.86 120.5 703.8 151 0 01986.01 4225 8.25 115.6 562.3 145 0 01986.02 1045 13.69 107.2 499.7 161 0 01986.03 3475 8.49 151.0 587.9 152 0 01986.04 4320 8.32 188.2 898.8 164 0 01986.05 4910 8.29 186.6 1261.5 162 0 01986.06 2265 13.48 183.6 1505.3 163 0 01986.07 2655 11.21 172.0 1542.0 159 1 01986.08 4120 8.24 163.8 1633.5 160 1 01986.09 1095 8.26 154.0 1579.5 158 1 01986.10 3740 7.76 154.8 1543.1 159 1 01986.11 680 8.59 115.6 1019.8 158 1 01986.12 635 9.47 113.0 735.3 162 1 01987.01 305 10.22 105.1 590.9 162 1 01987.02 2250 8.26 102.8 534.4 153 1 01987.03 2515 8.45 141.2 682.2 169 1 01987.04 1205 13.69 159.3 897.6 159 1 01987.05 5765 8.71 158.0 1217.0 158 1 01987.06 2675 8.92 162.9 1530.1 169 1 01987.07 3455 8.47 152.4 1685.3 168 1 01987.08 5930 9.00 143.6 1774.3 174 1 01987.09 2300 8.38 152.0 1852.2 161 1 01987.10 2865 8.43 139.1 1780.1 173 1 01987.11 1165 9.11 118.8 1295.1 162 1 01987.12 485 12.85 85.4 884.8 167 1 01988.01 90 13.35 78.2 554.0 153 1 01988.02 965 14.21 90.2 544.6 166 1 01988.03 2370 8.26 128.8 713.1 164 1 01988.04 2635 8.64 153.2 1115.9 161 1 01988.05 4265 8.55 140.2 1498.8 168 1 01988.06 740 9.31 150.2 1828.0 176 1 01988.07 190 10.72 137.0 1752.5 164 1 01988.08 2740 6.97 136.8 1740.6 169 1 01988.09 4425 8.76 131.1 1643.9 164 1 01988.10 1325 8.35 135.1 1780.6 170 1 01988.11 3185 7.37 113.0 1364.9 163 0 11988.12 3685 8.17 94.2 984.0 178 0 1

1989.01 1715 8.25 100.1 703.1 172 0 11989.02 1790 8.43 85.8 545.8 160 0 11989.03 2890 8.33 117.8 642.2 158 0 11989.04 2855 9.31 129.4 994.3 175 0 11989.05 3685 9.00 131.7 1529.7 167 0 11989.06 3015 8.14 143.2 1765.7 172 0 11989.07 2985 8.60 134.7 1697.1 171 0 11989.08 3320 9.03 122.4 1978.8 169 0 11989.09 3165 9.56 109.3 1898.9 186 0 11989.10 3470 9.01 130.1 1730.7 180 0 11989.11 410 8.83 96.6 1397.3 167 0 11989.12 1390 10.90 75.0 973.9 166 0 11990.01 1150 6.83 99.2 769.0 160 0 11990.02 1190 10.34 86.9 734.9 156 0 11990.03 1620 8.60 108.5 783.2 160 0 11990.04 3355 9.54 119.0 1021.2 148 0 11990.05 2555 10.63 120.7 1468.4 156 0 1

DATA7-6: Data on poverty rates and determinants across California counties. 1980 Census data were compiled by Susan Wong. 1990 Census data were extracted from the County and City Data Book (1994) for California Counties by Kalena Cortes.

povrate = percentage of families with income below poverty level(Range 4.5 - 18.1)

urb = percentage of urban population (Range 0 - 100) famsize = persons per household (2.76 - 3.73) unemp = percentage unemployment rate (Range 3.5 - 17.6) highschl = percentage of the population (25 years and over) that

had only high school education (Range 41.3 - 65.5) college = percentage of the population (25 years and over) that

completed four years of college or higher (Range 9 - 38.3) medinc = median family income in thousands of dollars

(Range 13.522 - 29.721) D90 = 1 for the 1990 Census and 0 for the 1980 Census

SAMPLE 1 116READ (DATA7-6) povrate urb famsize unemp highschl college medinc D90

18.1 98.9 3.15 10.8 53.7 22.3 22.863 0 8.7 0.0 3.20 6.9 53.7 32.4 17.240 0 7.5 0.0 2.87 7.2 64.2 12.6 18.065 0 9.5 70.9 2.93 10.5 54.7 16.9 16.301 0 7.5 0.0 2.88 9.6 62.5 13.8 17.909 0 8.8 31.9 3.18 8.2 52.3 12.3 17.842 0 6.1 97.0 3.16 5.8 56.2 25.5 26.513 011.4 32.5 3.07 15.5 57.1 10.0 15.911 0 6.7 42.5 3.00 9.5 63.8 17.4 20.182 011.4 78.3 3.33 8.9 48.2 15.5 18.399 010.5 41.3 3.20 12.2 53.7 9.3 16.650 0 9.4 56.4 3.06 7.8 58.4 18.0 18.479 012.7 69.8 3.73 9.6 41.3 9.6 16.659 0 7.3 18.6 3.01 6.0 62.1 12.1 18.366 010.2 82.0 3.28 7.7 50.3 11.8 18.780 012.4 66.3 3.45 8.8 48.6 10.1 16.164 011.2 23.8 2.76 10.1 56.3 10.1 13.522 0 7.1 30.1 3.14 13.6 61.2 11.9 17.563 010.5 98.9 3.34 6.0 51.4 18.4 21.135 0

12.4 47.7 3.31 10.2 49.4 10.7 17.327 0 4.9 93.3 3.00 11.5 51.6 38.3 29.721 0 9.6 0.0 2.86 3.9 58.3 15.4 15.833 0 9.5 31.6 3.04 8.3 58.8 17.6 17.695 011.8 62.3 3.40 11.0 49.9 10.5 16.563 011.8 35.1 2.99 7.5 60.0 12.3 15.617 0 6.4 45.8 3.01 6.5 65.5 22.7 20.215 0 8.9 77.4 3.33 9.1 51.4 19.6 20.005 0 6.0 80.8 3.03 5.5 57.6 17.8 22.426 0 6.5 13.0 2.93 9.5 64.1 17.9 18.842 0 5.2 99.7 3.27 4.1 57.8 22.6 25.919 0 7.0 50.4 3.12 16.9 60.7 16.7 21.662 0 8.2 25.7 2.99 9.0 63.9 14.5 17.227 0 8.8 82.4 3.15 6.8 56.2 12.7 18.682 0 8.9 96.0 3.11 9.0 58.8 19.2 20.949 010.8 45.9 3.57 13.5 45.9 10.6 18.937 0 9.1 90.1 3.26 7.4 57.9 13.1 20.039 0 8.4 93.2 3.16 7.0 57.1 20.9 20.306 010.3 100.0 3.11 6.1 45.8 28.2 20.911 010.8 82.3 3.20 10.2 51.1 11.5 19.120 0 8.0 75.9 2.95 6.9 57.9 18.9 18.198 0 4.5 98.2 3.13 13.8 56.2 25.4 27.279 0 6.7 90.8 3.16 3.5 54.5 24.6 21.630 0 5.3 97.7 3.29 5.8 53.2 26.3 26.662 0 8.2 81.4 3.07 4.5 54.4 23.4 20.734 0 8.8 54.8 3.06 7.9 63.2 12.4 17.024 0 9.3 0.0 2.90 11.9 60.2 17.9 18.221 0 9.6 29.3 3.03 13.5 61.6 14.0 16.686 0 8.1 94.2 3.25 8.7 63.1 13.7 21.606 0 7.1 66.0 3.04 7.0 58.4 19.2 21.269 010.0 80.9 3.24 12.7 50.3 11.7 18.656 0 9.0 67.0 3.23 13.4 53.3 14.4 18.545 011.0 36.6 3.06 11.7 60.5 9.0 15.849 0 9.1 23.5 3.03 17.6 60.9 13.6 16.110 013.2 62.4 3.40 8.6 45.7 10.1 16.172 0 9.2 9.6 2.93 12.5 63.6 13.7 16.907 0 6.1 94.6 3.42 5.4 57.8 18.1 23.612 0 9.1 81.9 3.14 9.3 46.5 27.0 20.495 014.4 71.4 3.22 16.6 54.5 9.3 13.751 0 8.1 18.3 2.59 5.3 52.6 28.8 45.037 116.7 4.2 2.47 8.2 63.6 24.0 29.276 1 6.3 65.0 2.41 7.2 68.5 14.0 35.062 112.2 31.0 2.48 9.4 58.1 19.5 28.314 1 7.5 70.8 2.50 10.5 67.2 14.4 32.211 110.4 31.6 2.84 15.7 51.8 11.1 28.230 1 5.5 28.1 2.64 5.6 54.9 31.6 51.651 112.7 58.5 2.63 12.5 60.9 10.0 26.992 1 5.8 61.0 2.66 6.1 65.1 20.8 39.823 116.8 37.1 2.96 12.6 49.3 16.9 29.970 114.1 19.5 2.77 15.5 57.5 9.4 27.216 112.8 12.4 2.49 8.8 60.5 20.0 30.357 120.8 40.0 3.26 21.3 43.5 9.7 25.147 1 9.2 2.7 2.35 8.8 68.2 13.5 30.460 113.7 45.8 2.92 11.8 54.3 13.3 31.714 115.0 45.6 3.08 12.8 56.6 9.0 27.614 112.3 47.9 2.38 11.1 60.2 10.7 26.563 110.4 29.7 2.66 10.0 61.1 11.7 31.803 111.6 21.1 2.91 8.0 46.7 23.3 39.035 113.1 56.9 3.05 14.0 51.7 11.7 30.035 1

3.0 5.0 2.33 4.0 47.9 44.0 59.147 110.7 38.1 2.42 6.3 61.0 16.8 29.468 111.0 22.4 2.57 10.9 60.9 17.8 31.276 115.4 40.5 3.17 14.6 51.1 12.0 28.269 111.6 14.0 2.49 12.4 61.0 11.2 27.407 1 6.7 16.1 2.48 12.5 65.9 21.9 35.932 1 8.5 26.8 2.96 10.9 51.4 21.5 36.223 1 4.6 14.1 2.54 5.9 58.4 22.3 42.789 1 5.8 61.1 2.51 7.0 64.2 22.1 36.942 1 5.2 28.6 2.87 4.8 53.4 27.8 51.167 1 5.3 59.6 2.66 6.8 62.4 22.7 42.805 1 9.8 19.4 2.41 12.0 67.6 15.1 29.967 1 8.4 94.3 2.85 10.7 59.5 14.6 37.694 1 9.8 39.6 2.58 6.3 59.2 23.0 37.841 1 7.3 53.5 3.15 17.2 54.0 14.4 39.637 110.3 71.4 2.97 8.0 60.5 14.9 36.977 1 8.1 39.7 2.69 6.1 56.6 25.3 39.798 1 9.7 7.4 2.29 5.6 43.0 35.0 40.561 112.0 45.1 2.94 12.0 55.4 13.2 34.701 1 6.8 41.9 2.53 5.8 60.4 22.9 37.086 1 4.3 13.0 2.64 4.2 52.8 31.3 53.430 1 7.4 25.7 2.73 6.0 53.4 26.6 41.289 1 5.0 18.0 2.81 5.5 49.4 32.6 53.670 1 6.2 22.8 2.66 8.0 52.2 29.7 43.130 111.0 36.3 2.58 10.3 64.7 13.7 30.332 1 5.7 6.2 2.45 10.5 59.6 15.9 29.911 111.6 11.5 2.48 12.5 63.2 14.2 26.073 1 6.0 53.9 2.88 7.0 64.0 18.7 42.392 1 5.2 33.8 2.55 5.7 59.9 24.5 41.961 111.4 48.6 2.91 14.3 55.4 13.0 32.923 112.2 33.0 2.75 17.6 56.9 15.4 31.842 112.6 33.5 2.60 12.4 62.0 10.2 25.946 115.1 11.7 2.49 14.5 61.3 12.9 25.009 118.0 34.7 3.12 17.1 48.4 11.8 26.697 1 6.9 49.6 2.46 8.3 65.3 14.7 31.464 1 5.0 29.7 3.02 7.0 56.4 23.0 50.091 1 9.8 27.7 2.63 7.2 48.8 30.3 36.866 116.0 22.4 2.85 14.1 59.0 9.5 24.364 1

DATA7-7: Data on annual (1995) salary for professors at the seven universities: UC Berkeley, UCLA, UC San Diego, Illinois, Michigan, Stanford, and Virginia. salary = annual salary in thousands of dollars (Range 41.3 - 153). years = number of years since Ph.D. (Range 1 - 45). d1 through d6 are dummy variables for six Universities, but are not specifically identified so as to maintain the confidentiality.

SAMPLE 1 222READ (DATA7-7) salary years d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6

105.200 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 91.300 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 72.500 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 74.300 28 0 0 0 0 0 0103.500 26 0 0 0 0 0 0117.500 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 64.200 25 0 0 0 0 0 0

86.700 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 81.500 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 98.000 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 91.200 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 91.300 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 93.100 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 83.000 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 80.000 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 55.900 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 66.000 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 60.600 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 56.500 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 53.900 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 56.500 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 43.900 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 48.000 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 48.000 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 47.900 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 48.200 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 55.000 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 53.000 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 52.000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0100.600 29 1 0 0 0 0 0 78.200 18 1 0 0 0 0 0128.100 17 1 0 0 0 0 0100.400 30 1 0 0 0 0 0 58.100 22 1 0 0 0 0 0108.500 18 1 0 0 0 0 0 75.300 14 1 0 0 0 0 0 72.200 29 1 0 0 0 0 0 78.300 24 1 0 0 0 0 0114.400 33 1 0 0 0 0 0 94.900 16 1 0 0 0 0 0 88.000 31 1 0 0 0 0 0 98.200 13 1 0 0 0 0 0 63.600 21 1 0 0 0 0 0 86.000 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 80.000 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 90.100 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 78.300 29 1 0 0 0 0 0 66.300 14 1 0 0 0 0 0 91.300 27 1 0 0 0 0 0129.000 32 1 0 0 0 0 0104.000 15 1 0 0 0 0 0 55.300 23 1 0 0 0 0 0 51.300 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 53.000 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 52.000 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 55.000 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 52.400 3 1 0 0 0 0 0128.000 20 0 1 0 0 0 0 60.400 25 0 1 0 0 0 0 78.200 13 0 1 0 0 0 0135.000 45 0 1 0 0 0 0 78.300 25 0 1 0 0 0 0104.000 30 0 1 0 0 0 0108.000 14 0 1 0 0 0 0 73.000 25 0 1 0 0 0 0 98.000 23 0 1 0 0 0 0

97.400 42 0 1 0 0 0 0 80.000 13 0 1 0 0 0 0 72.200 34 0 1 0 0 0 0 98.000 25 0 1 0 0 0 0 75.000 13 0 1 0 0 0 0 70.000 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 70.000 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 65.000 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 70.000 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 53.000 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 55.000 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 47.800 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 51.000 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 55.000 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 52.500 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 50.500 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 50.500 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 50.000 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 84.400 17 0 0 1 0 0 0 74.600 27 0 0 1 0 0 0108.300 37 0 0 1 0 0 0 82.200 12 0 0 1 0 0 0 91.500 19 0 0 1 0 0 0 83.800 25 0 0 1 0 0 0 80.100 36 0 0 1 0 0 0 88.000 18 0 0 1 0 0 0 81.900 22 0 0 1 0 0 0 88.600 14 0 0 1 0 0 0 88.600 21 0 0 1 0 0 0 75.500 27 0 0 1 0 0 0 85.000 27 0 0 1 0 0 0100.200 25 0 0 1 0 0 0115.200 35 0 0 1 0 0 0 74.000 19 0 0 1 0 0 0 77.000 34 0 0 1 0 0 0 80.000 35 0 0 1 0 0 0 71.200 35 0 0 1 0 0 0 74.400 34 0 0 1 0 0 0 81.500 16 0 0 1 0 0 0 92.600 12 0 0 1 0 0 0122.500 23 0 0 1 0 0 0 51.900 14 0 0 1 0 0 0 55.600 15 0 0 1 0 0 0 41.300 26 0 0 1 0 0 0 63.300 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 62.400 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 70.500 13 0 0 1 0 0 0 53.500 26 0 0 1 0 0 0 47.900 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 45.800 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 51.900 8 0 0 1 0 0 0 47.200 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 87.700 38 0 0 0 1 0 0 97.800 37 0 0 0 1 0 0 99.300 31 0 0 0 1 0 0 77.500 31 0 0 0 1 0 0 87.500 31 0 0 0 1 0 0 72.100 30 0 0 0 1 0 0 92.500 30 0 0 0 1 0 0

83.200 27 0 0 0 1 0 0 66.700 29 0 0 0 1 0 0107.000 28 0 0 0 1 0 0 83.600 27 0 0 0 1 0 0 68.100 25 0 0 0 1 0 0102.800 24 0 0 0 1 0 0100.500 24 0 0 0 1 0 0 67.000 22 0 0 0 1 0 0 94.300 22 0 0 0 1 0 0114.500 22 0 0 0 1 0 0 90.000 22 0 0 0 1 0 0 87.168 21 0 0 0 1 0 0 85.500 21 0 0 0 1 0 0 90.000 20 0 0 0 1 0 0104.000 19 0 0 0 1 0 0 76.200 19 0 0 0 1 0 0 98.500 18 0 0 0 1 0 0 89.000 15 0 0 0 1 0 0 82.000 12 0 0 0 1 0 0 62.900 13 0 0 0 1 0 0 65.700 12 0 0 0 1 0 0 61.200 12 0 0 0 1 0 0 78.500 11 0 0 0 1 0 0 68.000 10 0 0 0 1 0 0 64.000 9 0 0 0 1 0 0 64.800 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 69.000 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 74.000 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 48.700 14 0 0 0 1 0 0 49.500 11 0 0 0 1 0 0 50.700 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 46.000 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 50.000 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 50.500 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 50.000 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 50.000 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 48.700 2 0 0 0 1 0 0153.000 28 0 0 0 0 1 0135.000 15 0 0 0 0 1 0121.000 30 0 0 0 0 1 0107.500 25 0 0 0 0 1 0103.000 29 0 0 0 0 1 0 91.000 33 0 0 0 0 1 0 93.000 18 0 0 0 0 1 0 83.000 20 0 0 0 0 1 0 70.000 27 0 0 0 0 1 0 68.000 21 0 0 0 0 1 0 66.500 26 0 0 0 0 1 0 66.000 12 0 0 0 0 1 0 82.000 20 0 0 0 0 1 0 74.000 11 0 0 0 0 1 0 60.500 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 58.000 11 0 0 0 0 1 0 57.500 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 55.000 14 0 0 0 0 1 0 54.000 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 54.000 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 51.000 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 51.000 4 0 0 0 0 1 0

51.000 2 0 0 0 0 1 0126.000 28 0 0 0 0 0 1121.000 26 0 0 0 0 0 1121.000 37 0 0 0 0 0 1121.000 18 0 0 0 0 0 1121.000 16 0 0 0 0 0 1121.000 28 0 0 0 0 0 1121.000 22 0 0 0 0 0 1120.500 13 0 0 0 0 0 1116.500 26 0 0 0 0 0 1115.700 22 0 0 0 0 0 1115.485 34 0 0 0 0 0 1114.920 28 0 0 0 0 0 1114.500 34 0 0 0 0 0 1113.330 31 0 0 0 0 0 1112.000 40 0 0 0 0 0 1109.650 40 0 0 0 0 0 1107.640 28 0 0 0 0 0 1105.155 17 0 0 0 0 0 1100.000 26 0 0 0 0 0 1 97.000 26 0 0 0 0 0 1 95.800 44 0 0 0 0 0 1 90.045 21 0 0 0 0 0 1 90.000 15 0 0 0 0 0 1 87.000 27 0 0 0 0 0 1 85.500 29 0 0 0 0 0 1 73.000 10 0 0 0 0 0 1 60.000 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 57.850 13 0 0 0 0 0 1 54.445 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 53.500 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 52.650 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 51.850 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 51.750 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 50.250 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 50.250 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 50.000 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 50.000 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 DATA7-8: Cross-country data for economic growth and its determinants. Data are from Mankiw, Romer and Weil, QJE 1992 grth = log of change in income 1960-85 (dependent variable) y60 = log of income in 1960 inv = average investment to GNP ratio over 60-85 pop = measure of population growth in logarithms school= measure of percentage population in school dn = dummy for non oil di = dummy for industrialised doecd = dummy for OECD

SAMPLE 1 104READ (DATA7-8) grth y60 inv pop school dn di doecd

0.5647192 7.818028 3.182212 -2.577022 1.504077 1 1 0 -0.3046173 7.370231 1.757858 -2.645075 0.5877867 1 0 0-0.04115807 7.017506 2.379546 -2.60369 0.5877867 1 0 0 1.342328 6.865891 3.342862 -2.501036 1.064711 1 1 0 0.4824495 6.270988 2.541602 -2.830218 -0.9162907 1 0 0

-0.1299428 6.626718 1.629241 -2.703063 -0.9162907 1 0 0 0.9015596 6.790097 2.549445 -2.645075 1.223775 1 1 0-0.06025178 6.731018 2.351375 -2.703063 0.3364722 1 0 0 -0.6756795 6.811244 1.931521 -2.673649 -0.9162907 1 0 0 0.9557401 6.916715 3.360375 -2.60369 1.335001 1 0 0 0.8677211 6.810142 2.791165 -2.590267 1.94591 1 0 0 0.1316535 6.278521 1.686399 -2.617296 0.09531018 1 1 0 1.409362 7.17549 3.095578 -2.748872 0.9555114 0 0 0 -0.3277885 6.916715 2.208274 -2.617296 1.547563 1 0 0 0.2065565 7.234177 2.517696 -2.375156 0.8329091 1 1 0 0.3420559 6.850126 2.85647 -2.476938 0.8754687 1 1 0 1.235714 6.066108 2.533697 -2.673649 0.6931472 0 0 0 0.08971148 6.760415 3.068053 -2.525729 0.9162907 1 0 0 -0.2026268 7.085064 1.960095 -2.631089 0.9555114 1 1 0 0.5926588 6.120297 2.580217 -2.60369 -0.5108256 1 1 0-0.03732292 6.602588 1.987874 -2.631089 0 1 1 0 0.2896107 6.65544 3.242592 -2.631089 0 1 0 0 0.4079961 7.587311 2.839078 -2.577022 1.987874 1 0 0 0.8240051 6.937314 2.116256 -2.590267 1.280934 1 1 0 -0.3162554 7.258412 1.808289 -2.56395 -0.3566749 1 0 0 0.4448761 6.289716 2.332144 -2.577022 -0.6931472 1 0 0 0.1170455 6.961296 2.484907 -2.60369 0.8329091 1 1 0 0.4141232 6.131226 2.066863 -2.551046 -0.9162907 1 0 0 0.04082199 7.238497 2.261763 -2.617296 0.5306283 1 1 0 0.4544727 6.23637 2.388763 -2.718101 0.5306283 1 0 0 -0.3158212 6.803505 2.624669 -2.513306 0.09531018 1 0 0 0.3930845 8.469682 3.072693 -2.617296 1.098612 1 1 0 -0.1890427 7.134094 2.580217 -2.577022 0.6931472 1 0 0 0.61723 5.948035 2.890372 -2.538307 -0.6931472 1 1 0 0.2300693 6.65544 2.74084 -2.590267 1.064711 1 0 0 0.81346 7.392032 2.624669 -2.60369 1.458615 1 1 0 0.1041951 6.398595 1.410987 -2.513306 0.09531018 1 0 0 -0.365856 6.386879 1.871802 -2.60369 1.280934 1 0 0 -0.1472009 7.251345 3.456317 -2.56395 0.8754687 1 1 0 0.573836 7.079184 3.049273 -2.551046 1.481605 1 1 0 0.3669061 6.740519 1.916923 -2.577022 1.163151 1 1 0 0.6902416 6.248043 2.433613 -2.703063 1.252763 1 1 0 1.466611 8.034307 2.99072 -2.525729 1.974081 1 1 0 0.3141687 6.88551 2.821379 -2.60369 1.629241 1 1 0 0.7188809 8.190354 2.912351 -2.476938 1.871802 0 0 0 0.1349035 8.50025 2.785011 -2.501036 2.00148 0 0 0 0.7775695 8.476788 3.349904 -2.551046 2.251292 1 1 0 0.6807018 7.688455 2.867899 -2.56395 2.379546 1 1 0 1.312635 7.158514 3.104587 -2.56395 2.322388 1 1 0 -1.111223 11.26294 2.251292 -2.137071 2.261763 0 0 0 0.9884602 7.675082 3.144152 -2.501036 1.987874 1 1 0 0.1563777 6.725034 1.774952 -2.65926 0.8329091 1 0 0 0.7028493 6.981935 2.501436 -2.525729 1.098612 1 1 0 0.376266 7.419381 2.701361 -2.525729 2.360854 1 1 0 0.49634 8.814479 2.549445 -2.396896 1.131402 0 0 0 1.659233 7.934872 3.471966 -2.577022 2.197225 1 1 0 0.3246169 7.492203 2.694627 -2.60369 2.116256 1 1 0 0.9307946 7.775696 2.766319 -2.525729 2.174752 1 1 0 0.9008821 7.176255 2.890372 -2.513306 1.481605 1 1 0 0.8986155 6.778785 2.631889 -2.673649 1.410987 1 1 0 0.3565626 7.48493 2.785011 -2.645075 0.4054651 1 0 0 1.380624 8.158516 3.583519 -2.780621 2.388763 1 1 1 0.8082513 8.689296 3.152736 -2.918771 2.079442 1 1 1 0.7442563 8.823059 3.152736 -2.900422 2.230014 1 1 1

0.6567665 9.053804 3.280911 -2.882404 2.370244 1 1 1 0.7471983 8.783703 3.608212 -2.864704 2.442347 1 1 1 0.7336864 8.883917 3.265759 -2.813411 2.186051 1 1 1 0.687086 8.948326 3.349904 -2.900422 2.128232 1 1 1 1.112836 7.721792 3.377588 -2.864704 2.066863 1 1 1 0.6763439 8.391857 3.254243 -2.796881 2.433613 1 1 1 0.8134374 8.49964 3.214868 -2.882404 1.960095 1 1 1 0.5386821 8.947546 3.250374 -2.748872 2.370244 1 1 1 0.9101241 8.979417 3.370738 -2.864704 2.302585 1 1 1 0.9418418 7.728416 3.113515 -2.882404 1.757858 1 1 1 0.9668243 8.233769 2.873565 -2.813411 2.079442 1 1 1 0.6693466 8.962135 3.198673 -2.918771 2.066863 1 1 1 0.4322031 9.240676 3.391147 -2.847312 1.568616 1 1 1 0.6700145 7.729296 3.005683 -2.590267 1.704748 1 1 1 0.5574802 8.940367 2.912351 -2.937463 2.186051 1 1 1 0.5559704 9.238539 3.148453 -2.65926 2.360854 1 1 1 0.4629438 9.040738 3.449988 -2.65926 2.282382 1 1 1 0.2565395 9.161465 3.113515 -2.703063 2.476538 1 1 1 0.4291799 9.422383 3.049273 -2.733368 2.476538 1 1 1 0.2903571 8.119696 2.687847 -2.465104 1.94591 1 1 0 0.5341714 7.569928 2.839078 -2.538307 1.757858 1 1 0-0.02228367 7.621685 2.079442 -2.488915 1.360977 1 1 0 0.2012202 7.816417 2.174752 -2.513306 0.8754687 1 1 0 0.1210219 6.999422 1.960095 -2.764621 0.6418539 1 1 0 0.2422604 7.26543 2.624669 -2.513306 1.308333 1 1 0 0.1220943 7.910591 3.025291 -2.718101 2.415914 1 1 0 0.5568081 8.349721 2.970414 -2.488915 1.88707 1 1 0 0.2191921 8.069342 2.674149 -2.488915 1.757858 1 1 0 0.7286227 7.792762 3.261935 -2.525729 2.451005 1 1 0 0.1985266 9.132703 3.015535 -2.673649 2.174752 1 1 0 0.1313392 8.487146 3.230804 -2.733368 1.609438 1 1 0 0.239085 7.388946 2.587764 -2.60369 1.589235 1 1 0 1.105286 7.518607 3.144152 -2.538307 1.547563 1 1 0 0.06418916 8.554296 3.391147 -2.617296 2.04122 1 1 0 0.499913 7.890583 2.890372 -2.525729 1.808289 1 1 0 0.717418 7.695303 3.194583 -2.551046 1.974081 1 1 0 0.6962178 7.576097 2.459589 -2.56395 1.481605 1 1 0 0.1314522 8.104703 2.484907 -2.538307 2.079442 1 1 0 0.07087948 8.540714 2.4681 -2.882404 1.94591 1 1 0 -0.49238 9.246383 2.433613 -2.430418 1.94591 1 1 0

DATA7-9: Data reflects first year achievement of students who entered college in Fall, 1985. Compiled by Susan Wong. colgpa = Grade point average at college, Fall 1986 (Range 0.85 - 3.97) hsgpa = High school GPA (Range 2.29 - 4.5) vsat = Verbal SAT score (Range 200 - 700) msat = Math SAT score (Range 330 - 770) dsci = 1 for a science major, 0 otherwise dsoc = 1 for a social science major, 0 otherwise dhum = 1 for a humanities major, 0 otherwise darts = 1 for an arts major, 0 otherwise dcam = 1 if student lives on campus, 0 otherwise dpub = 1 if student attended public high school, 0 otherwise

SAMPLE 1 427READ (DATA7-9) colgpa hsgpa vsat msat dsci dsoc dhum darts dcam dpub

2.80 3.42 430 600 1 0 0 0 0 13.54 3.56 550 690 0 1 0 0 1 12.88 3.13 420 540 0 0 0 0 1 12.15 3.27 330 450 1 0 0 0 1 12.22 3.38 370 420 1 0 0 0 0 13.31 4.13 530 620 1 0 0 0 1 12.13 3.95 620 690 1 0 0 0 1 02.39 3.81 470 570 0 0 0 0 1 03.01 4.33 620 750 1 0 0 0 1 12.68 2.85 470 500 0 1 0 0 0 12.66 4.05 490 660 0 1 0 0 1 12.96 3.57 590 610 0 0 0 0 1 12.34 3.35 530 410 0 0 0 0 1 03.13 3.61 530 730 1 0 0 0 1 13.46 3.83 650 580 1 0 0 0 1 02.92 3.56 640 680 0 0 0 0 1 02.15 3.43 570 640 1 0 0 0 1 13.00 3.52 660 660 1 0 0 0 0 12.42 3.14 690 530 0 0 1 0 0 11.77 3.19 400 500 0 0 0 0 1 02.33 3.38 570 450 0 0 0 0 0 13.80 4.16 650 550 1 0 0 0 1 13.22 3.33 430 490 0 1 0 0 1 02.53 3.56 490 410 1 0 0 0 1 12.37 3.25 390 600 0 0 0 0 1 03.12 4.05 480 620 0 0 0 0 0 12.54 3.27 580 710 0 0 0 0 1 13.56 3.12 510 470 0 1 0 0 0 13.25 4.06 550 520 0 0 0 0 0 02.32 3.61 340 480 1 0 0 0 1 13.00 4.31 550 550 1 0 0 0 0 13.71 3.69 600 580 0 1 0 0 0 13.43 3.15 560 530 1 0 0 0 0 13.22 3.41 480 640 0 0 0 0 0 12.82 3.00 490 430 0 0 0 0 1 02.64 3.45 520 590 1 0 0 0 1 12.40 4.00 510 670 1 0 0 0 1 11.77 3.28 560 510 0 0 0 0 1 03.13 2.81 490 410 0 0 0 0 1 12.65 3.29 490 580 0 0 0 0 1 12.74 3.79 630 640 1 0 0 0 1 12.41 3.50 310 510 1 0 0 0 0 12.86 3.70 630 650 0 0 0 0 1 12.56 3.50 390 370 1 0 0 0 1 13.28 3.61 560 530 1 0 0 0 1 12.34 3.16 390 350 0 1 0 0 1 12.67 3.64 510 460 0 1 0 0 1 12.62 3.93 480 530 0 1 0 0 1 12.54 3.89 480 400 0 0 0 0 0 02.04 3.52 600 600 0 0 0 0 0 13.20 4.19 620 610 1 0 0 0 0 13.30 3.89 600 670 1 0 0 0 1 02.36 3.95 480 420 1 0 0 0 0 12.49 3.06 490 430 1 0 0 0 0 12.95 3.72 560 550 0 0 0 0 0 12.12 3.38 530 540 0 1 0 0 1 03.05 3.69 460 520 1 0 0 0 0 1

2.67 3.56 390 520 1 0 0 0 1 12.71 3.28 560 710 0 1 0 0 1 03.16 3.79 390 580 1 0 0 0 1 11.11 3.21 370 420 0 0 0 0 1 11.81 3.00 440 400 1 0 0 0 1 02.80 2.71 510 590 0 0 0 0 1 12.56 3.30 410 520 1 0 0 0 1 03.87 4.00 320 710 1 0 0 0 0 12.07 3.50 420 560 0 0 0 0 1 13.78 3.75 270 710 1 0 0 0 1 12.61 3.41 650 550 0 0 0 0 1 12.83 3.94 540 770 1 0 0 0 1 12.46 4.08 250 660 1 0 0 0 1 13.50 3.81 540 600 1 0 0 0 1 12.85 4.11 530 660 0 1 0 0 1 03.48 3.56 460 600 0 0 0 0 1 12.70 3.89 450 450 0 1 0 0 1 13.24 3.80 570 720 1 0 0 0 1 12.36 3.55 380 360 0 0 1 0 0 13.28 3.20 490 420 1 0 0 0 1 12.65 3.25 540 500 0 1 0 0 0 13.14 3.68 500 540 1 0 0 0 1 13.04 3.68 580 570 0 1 0 0 1 13.38 3.44 600 620 1 0 0 0 1 12.81 3.50 480 500 1 0 0 0 1 12.61 3.83 440 630 1 0 0 0 1 12.48 3.35 470 610 0 0 0 0 1 12.98 3.00 500 530 0 0 0 1 0 12.42 3.39 550 610 0 0 0 0 0 01.81 3.50 350 450 1 0 0 0 1 13.08 3.71 500 470 0 1 0 0 1 11.97 2.69 420 440 0 0 1 0 0 12.55 3.67 560 530 0 0 0 0 1 02.85 3.19 400 430 1 0 0 0 0 01.84 4.00 580 600 0 0 0 0 1 12.08 3.68 480 380 1 0 0 0 1 12.00 3.57 590 590 1 0 0 0 0 12.60 3.21 360 560 0 0 0 0 0 13.15 3.82 470 680 1 0 0 0 1 12.36 2.88 510 440 0 0 1 0 1 13.20 3.95 670 680 1 0 0 0 0 12.57 3.31 590 590 1 0 0 0 1 12.37 3.25 270 480 1 0 0 0 0 12.93 3.88 370 470 1 0 0 0 1 12.96 3.44 460 620 0 0 0 0 1 13.10 3.25 500 640 0 0 0 0 1 12.21 2.75 470 470 0 0 0 0 1 12.90 4.05 520 570 1 0 0 0 1 11.71 2.76 450 410 1 0 0 0 0 12.78 3.80 540 640 1 0 0 0 1 12.15 3.68 480 580 1 0 0 0 0 03.60 4.18 560 660 0 0 0 0 1 12.36 3.13 500 540 0 1 0 0 1 03.21 3.47 560 570 0 1 0 0 1 13.55 3.90 510 630 0 0 1 0 1 12.47 3.00 370 330 0 1 0 0 1 12.90 3.55 510 600 0 0 0 1 0 13.36 3.75 400 770 1 0 0 0 0 12.86 3.94 600 610 0 1 0 0 1 1

2.47 2.29 470 400 0 0 0 0 1 03.35 4.06 570 570 0 1 0 0 1 12.18 3.70 540 680 0 0 0 0 1 12.69 3.44 370 380 1 0 0 0 0 12.01 3.75 560 600 1 0 0 0 1 11.95 3.00 570 620 1 0 0 0 0 12.81 3.63 590 580 1 0 0 0 1 12.72 3.94 440 440 0 0 0 0 0 13.34 3.50 660 570 0 0 0 0 1 12.79 3.06 540 640 0 0 0 1 1 13.81 3.17 400 530 1 0 0 0 0 13.15 3.31 500 640 1 0 0 0 1 02.65 3.67 540 510 1 0 0 0 0 12.66 3.73 450 600 1 0 0 0 0 12.98 3.31 490 570 1 0 0 0 0 13.00 3.50 640 560 0 1 0 0 1 12.33 3.00 470 440 0 0 0 0 0 12.84 3.05 460 510 0 0 0 0 1 12.55 3.43 430 620 0 0 0 0 1 12.18 3.05 470 400 0 0 0 0 1 02.31 2.57 410 410 1 0 0 0 0 13.86 3.70 590 660 1 0 0 0 1 13.42 3.73 450 710 1 0 0 0 1 13.47 3.69 450 490 0 0 1 0 1 11.90 3.80 490 460 1 0 0 0 0 13.31 3.00 610 660 0 0 0 0 1 13.52 4.30 530 600 1 0 0 0 1 12.71 3.61 540 660 0 0 0 0 1 02.36 3.88 600 630 0 1 0 0 1 13.97 4.00 470 500 1 0 0 0 0 12.58 3.13 380 540 0 1 0 0 0 13.23 3.95 510 630 1 0 0 0 1 12.88 3.17 670 670 1 0 0 0 1 13.24 4.05 550 650 1 0 0 0 1 02.86 3.50 430 430 1 0 0 0 0 13.28 3.31 420 660 0 1 0 0 1 12.51 2.67 580 680 1 0 0 0 1 03.18 4.35 600 700 1 0 0 0 0 12.46 3.70 500 610 1 0 0 0 0 13.72 3.89 590 680 0 0 0 0 1 02.91 3.43 440 590 0 0 0 0 0 12.37 3.75 470 650 1 0 0 0 1 13.13 3.33 510 610 0 0 0 0 1 13.38 4.15 630 510 0 1 0 0 1 13.05 3.50 580 450 0 0 0 0 1 11.74 3.66 310 500 0 0 0 0 0 12.94 3.52 320 650 1 0 0 0 1 12.82 3.39 550 710 1 0 0 0 1 02.70 3.35 480 660 0 0 0 0 1 13.05 3.89 510 680 1 0 0 0 0 11.23 3.13 430 380 1 0 0 0 1 13.57 4.10 610 580 1 0 0 0 1 13.41 4.07 540 760 0 1 0 0 1 12.55 3.38 560 620 1 0 0 0 1 13.66 4.15 670 670 1 0 0 0 1 12.61 3.55 500 590 0 0 0 0 0 12.61 3.75 400 500 1 0 0 0 0 13.55 3.22 530 500 0 0 1 0 1 12.62 4.21 530 530 1 0 0 0 1 1

3.39 4.00 540 690 1 0 0 0 1 12.25 4.11 440 530 1 0 0 0 1 12.83 3.44 450 530 0 0 0 0 0 13.56 4.28 600 740 0 0 0 0 1 13.67 4.00 490 570 1 0 0 0 1 12.51 3.89 530 630 1 0 0 0 1 13.11 3.70 550 640 1 0 0 0 1 12.31 3.69 390 580 0 1 0 0 0 13.27 3.87 490 630 0 0 0 0 1 12.07 3.39 540 620 0 0 1 0 1 12.55 3.56 510 510 0 0 0 0 0 13.28 3.78 520 670 0 0 0 0 1 13.33 4.22 650 730 1 0 0 0 1 12.34 3.48 440 520 1 0 0 0 1 13.67 3.25 590 640 0 0 0 0 1 12.80 3.87 670 680 1 0 0 0 1 12.77 3.35 560 600 0 1 0 0 1 13.11 3.33 520 630 1 0 0 0 1 12.87 3.13 430 510 0 0 0 1 1 12.94 3.00 440 660 1 0 0 0 1 13.42 3.47 520 560 0 0 0 0 1 12.29 3.81 580 680 0 0 0 0 1 12.06 3.38 340 380 0 1 0 0 1 13.34 4.38 400 600 1 0 0 0 1 12.36 3.81 540 620 1 0 0 0 1 12.79 3.75 450 510 1 0 0 0 1 13.88 4.24 570 640 0 0 0 0 0 12.67 3.92 430 520 1 0 0 0 1 12.22 3.94 500 570 1 0 0 0 1 12.20 3.89 450 600 1 0 0 0 1 12.52 2.90 500 690 1 0 0 0 1 12.44 3.50 300 420 0 0 0 0 0 13.68 3.53 360 610 1 0 0 0 1 12.15 3.67 560 640 1 0 0 0 1 12.78 3.30 470 580 1 0 0 0 0 11.85 3.06 330 660 1 0 0 0 0 12.96 3.80 300 620 1 0 0 0 0 13.25 3.75 500 570 1 0 0 0 1 13.32 3.95 520 620 0 1 0 0 1 12.23 3.61 430 530 1 0 0 0 1 13.47 3.50 550 430 0 0 0 0 1 03.20 3.69 440 640 1 0 0 0 1 12.77 3.71 640 490 1 0 0 0 1 02.94 3.75 690 600 1 0 0 0 1 13.11 4.27 480 530 1 0 0 0 1 02.45 3.16 490 470 1 0 0 0 1 12.01 3.81 400 660 1 0 0 0 0 12.42 2.94 460 410 1 0 0 0 1 13.27 3.89 580 610 1 0 0 0 1 12.72 3.12 470 640 0 0 0 0 1 12.88 4.00 500 540 0 1 0 0 1 11.66 3.43 270 420 0 0 0 0 1 13.84 3.86 410 680 1 0 0 0 0 12.80 2.70 370 420 1 0 0 0 1 11.90 2.69 500 470 0 0 1 0 1 02.48 3.59 410 510 0 0 0 0 1 13.10 3.06 550 600 0 0 0 0 0 12.49 3.75 350 650 1 0 0 0 0 12.67 3.53 350 440 0 1 0 0 0 1

2.44 3.81 490 420 0 1 0 0 0 12.71 3.38 480 530 0 0 0 0 0 12.44 3.22 510 540 0 0 0 0 1 03.16 3.50 570 610 0 1 0 0 1 02.95 3.30 470 550 1 0 0 0 1 03.37 3.47 490 570 1 0 0 0 1 03.87 4.00 570 620 0 0 0 0 0 12.71 3.63 430 480 1 0 0 0 1 13.30 3.89 640 590 1 0 0 0 0 02.31 4.12 570 560 0 0 0 0 0 12.50 3.50 480 540 1 0 0 0 1 03.32 3.44 550 600 0 0 0 0 1 02.40 3.82 450 590 1 0 0 0 0 12.28 3.33 410 510 0 0 0 0 1 12.96 3.63 530 550 1 0 0 0 0 12.42 3.19 490 600 1 0 0 0 0 13.89 3.38 680 690 0 0 0 0 1 13.77 4.06 650 640 1 0 0 0 1 12.80 3.52 630 650 0 0 0 0 1 11.25 3.18 660 620 0 0 0 0 1 03.32 4.11 430 550 0 0 0 0 1 13.26 3.42 490 510 1 0 0 0 1 12.45 2.56 440 460 0 1 0 0 0 12.13 3.05 330 490 0 0 1 0 1 02.89 3.22 550 650 0 0 0 0 1 02.00 3.18 500 530 1 0 0 0 1 12.95 3.27 570 590 1 0 0 0 1 13.60 4.11 530 700 1 0 0 0 1 03.82 4.33 520 420 1 0 0 0 0 12.00 3.61 460 630 0 0 0 0 1 03.24 4.10 660 610 0 1 0 0 0 12.85 3.89 530 650 1 0 0 0 1 13.74 4.00 580 620 1 0 0 0 1 13.70 4.05 560 640 0 0 0 0 1 13.00 3.59 270 510 1 0 0 0 0 13.59 3.69 270 550 0 0 0 0 1 13.40 3.94 410 440 1 0 0 0 0 13.26 4.00 490 530 0 0 0 0 1 12.35 3.71 580 520 1 0 0 0 1 03.71 3.13 580 610 0 0 0 0 0 12.21 2.93 280 350 0 1 0 0 1 12.45 3.58 450 520 0 0 0 1 0 12.05 3.29 460 490 0 0 0 0 1 03.65 3.91 600 710 1 0 0 0 1 12.90 3.00 540 530 1 0 0 0 0 13.40 3.58 410 450 0 1 0 0 1 12.75 3.64 500 530 0 0 0 0 0 12.43 3.67 450 710 1 0 0 0 1 12.53 3.78 570 630 0 1 0 0 1 12.68 3.39 460 520 0 1 0 0 1 12.85 4.19 540 630 0 1 0 0 1 12.36 3.31 530 410 1 0 0 0 0 12.83 3.55 540 630 1 0 0 0 1 12.98 3.17 550 480 0 1 0 0 1 12.19 3.25 570 570 1 0 0 0 1 13.39 3.70 550 690 1 0 0 0 1 11.57 3.36 640 700 1 0 0 0 1 13.21 3.78 380 590 0 1 0 0 1 13.37 4.00 520 660 1 0 0 0 0 1

3.02 3.81 520 610 1 0 0 0 1 12.31 3.06 570 570 0 1 0 0 1 03.29 3.38 560 710 1 0 0 0 1 12.50 4.00 510 380 0 0 0 0 1 12.52 2.94 540 540 0 0 0 0 0 02.42 4.15 530 570 1 0 0 0 1 13.55 3.68 270 500 1 0 0 0 0 13.39 4.00 520 640 0 0 0 0 1 13.33 3.11 470 450 0 1 0 0 1 03.41 3.83 500 660 1 0 0 0 1 12.45 3.35 630 680 1 0 0 0 1 12.21 3.05 410 480 1 0 0 0 1 12.23 2.88 430 460 0 0 0 0 1 12.93 3.27 460 400 0 1 0 0 1 02.71 3.38 580 620 1 0 0 0 1 13.53 4.20 640 760 1 0 0 0 1 12.81 3.77 620 710 1 0 0 0 1 11.78 3.50 500 550 1 0 0 0 1 12.91 4.24 700 590 0 0 1 0 1 12.72 3.75 370 400 0 1 0 0 1 12.89 4.00 620 670 1 0 0 0 1 13.28 3.72 490 650 1 0 0 0 1 13.10 3.13 620 620 0 0 0 1 1 11.90 2.65 550 460 0 1 0 0 0 02.50 2.59 530 750 0 1 0 0 1 02.03 2.71 490 470 0 1 0 0 1 02.48 3.55 510 620 0 0 0 0 1 12.43 3.31 410 510 1 0 0 0 0 02.25 3.33 450 520 1 0 0 0 0 12.62 2.84 440 510 1 0 0 0 1 03.78 4.00 550 600 1 0 0 0 1 12.60 3.72 670 540 0 1 0 0 0 12.24 2.38 630 600 0 0 0 0 1 03.56 4.11 690 590 0 0 0 0 1 03.04 2.73 460 390 0 1 0 0 0 03.29 3.72 480 550 0 1 0 0 1 03.43 4.21 600 680 1 0 0 0 1 12.57 3.72 560 660 0 0 0 0 1 12.70 3.55 400 500 1 0 0 0 1 12.59 3.55 470 510 1 0 0 0 1 02.54 3.00 580 520 0 0 0 0 1 02.91 3.81 570 680 1 0 0 0 0 02.71 3.78 540 610 1 0 0 0 1 03.16 3.11 520 540 0 0 0 0 1 02.81 3.72 510 540 0 0 1 0 1 12.18 3.07 440 580 1 0 0 0 0 12.46 2.89 550 550 1 0 0 0 1 12.58 3.80 500 610 1 0 0 0 1 12.61 3.64 570 530 1 0 0 0 1 13.17 4.06 440 540 0 0 0 0 0 13.20 4.20 480 630 1 0 0 0 1 12.53 3.92 300 490 1 0 0 0 0 12.75 2.57 430 410 1 0 0 0 0 02.75 3.70 430 460 0 1 0 0 0 12.10 2.80 480 600 1 0 0 0 1 12.94 4.22 540 550 1 0 0 0 1 13.78 3.95 670 650 0 1 0 0 0 12.50 3.85 650 600 0 1 0 0 1 12.61 2.78 500 420 0 1 0 0 0 1

3.14 3.09 530 510 0 0 0 1 1 12.47 3.56 490 470 1 0 0 0 0 12.61 3.25 570 650 1 0 0 0 1 12.62 3.53 390 510 1 0 0 0 1 02.85 3.37 470 530 0 0 0 0 0 12.52 3.56 570 700 1 0 0 0 1 12.80 3.47 470 700 1 0 0 0 1 12.04 3.88 500 530 1 0 0 0 1 12.44 3.75 480 560 0 0 0 0 1 12.59 3.14 380 390 0 1 0 0 1 13.40 3.81 560 580 1 0 0 0 0 13.28 4.13 660 630 0 0 1 0 1 02.47 3.39 430 340 1 0 0 0 1 12.92 3.78 410 530 0 0 0 0 0 13.15 3.13 500 560 0 0 0 0 0 12.52 3.78 530 530 1 0 0 0 1 12.67 3.70 440 540 0 1 0 0 0 12.15 2.50 350 510 0 0 0 0 0 03.17 3.82 540 640 0 0 0 0 1 12.82 3.35 430 450 1 0 0 0 1 12.32 2.94 520 510 0 0 0 0 1 13.75 4.20 660 770 1 0 0 0 1 12.01 2.55 530 450 0 1 0 0 0 13.69 4.22 610 660 1 0 0 0 1 12.96 3.45 590 510 0 1 0 0 1 13.01 3.89 650 580 0 0 0 0 0 12.20 3.76 640 650 1 0 0 0 0 11.57 3.67 560 640 0 1 0 0 1 12.17 3.95 470 580 1 0 0 0 0 13.00 3.67 200 580 0 0 0 0 0 13.20 3.88 580 590 1 0 0 0 0 13.11 3.14 500 380 0 0 0 0 0 12.83 4.27 500 530 1 0 0 0 0 11.81 4.07 480 540 0 0 0 0 0 13.24 3.31 500 720 0 1 0 0 0 11.41 2.50 450 400 1 0 0 0 1 03.27 3.50 580 600 1 0 0 0 1 11.57 3.60 330 440 1 0 0 0 1 13.25 4.21 640 650 1 0 0 0 1 12.47 2.70 530 420 0 1 0 0 1 03.40 3.93 470 550 0 1 0 0 1 12.50 2.82 370 350 1 0 0 0 1 02.66 4.13 260 550 1 0 0 0 1 12.32 3.31 470 480 0 0 0 0 1 12.78 4.05 480 590 1 0 0 0 1 13.24 4.05 530 750 1 0 0 0 1 13.28 2.61 450 510 1 0 0 0 0 13.42 3.88 530 610 1 0 0 0 0 13.05 3.44 520 670 1 0 0 0 1 03.57 3.74 640 620 0 1 0 0 1 13.14 4.14 650 470 0 1 0 0 1 12.33 3.72 440 520 1 0 0 0 1 12.75 3.39 540 630 0 0 0 0 1 11.95 2.53 450 590 1 0 0 0 1 12.48 3.42 490 670 0 1 0 0 1 12.35 3.72 320 620 1 0 0 0 0 13.37 3.84 520 660 1 0 0 0 1 12.94 3.50 420 530 1 0 0 0 0 13.77 4.50 510 740 1 0 0 0 0 0

3.00 3.35 520 550 1 0 0 0 0 11.96 2.89 420 510 0 0 0 0 1 12.81 4.22 660 680 1 0 0 0 1 12.69 3.56 530 560 0 0 0 0 0 10.85 3.04 390 500 1 0 0 0 0 12.60 3.75 510 480 1 0 0 0 1 02.30 3.50 470 550 0 1 0 0 1 12.78 4.43 540 740 1 0 0 0 0 12.23 4.06 440 610 0 1 0 0 0 12.80 3.81 470 660 1 0 0 0 1 12.82 3.71 420 690 1 0 0 0 1 12.25 3.26 600 530 0 1 0 0 1 02.72 3.72 410 470 1 0 0 0 0 13.42 3.72 620 600 0 1 0 0 1 02.14 3.60 520 620 0 1 0 0 1 13.32 3.76 700 620 1 0 0 0 1 1

DATA7-10: Data on air quality and its determinants for 30 SMSA's in California. Data compiled by Susan Wong are for 1970-72. airqual weight of suspended particular matter (Range 59 - 165) popln population in thousands (Range 372 - 11529) valadd value added by industrial manufactures in 1972 (in thousands of dollars), Range 992.9 - 19733.8. rain rain fall in inches (Range 12.63 - 68.13) coast = 1 for SMSA's on the coast, 0 otherwise density population per square mile of area (Range 271.59 - 12957.5) medincm medium per capita income (Range 853 - 59460) poverty 100 times the percentage of families with income less than poverty levels (Range 117 - 1939) electr electricity consumed by industrial manufacturers (megawatt hours), Range 1.7 - 169.8. fueloil thousands of barrels of fuel oil consumed in industrial manufacturing (Range 18.4 - 1912.9) indestab number of industrial establishments with 20 or more employees (Range 221 - 9466)

SAMPLE 1 30READ (DATA7-10) airqual popln valadd rain coast density & medincm poverty electr fueloil indestab

104 1420 2734.4 12.63 1 1815.86 4397 1939 5.2 175.5 839 85 1390 2479.2 47.14 1 804.86 5667 933 8.7 400.1 840127 3375 4845.0 42.77 1 1907.86 15817 379 14.4 4079.8 1867145 6979 19733.8 33.18 0 1876.08 32698 961 100.7 7260.1 5753 84 1556 4093.6 34.55 1 340.93 6250 1791 9.4 60.6 1498135 1228 1849.8 14.81 0 335.52 4705 346 9.0 609.4 596 88 1985 4179.4 45.94 1 315.78 7165 1791 169.8 1843.8 1064118 1110 2525.3 39.25 0 360.39 4472 589 9.9 424.8 508 74 609 1899.2 42.36 1 12957.50 2658 478 9.4 2535.2 742104 7032 15257.1 12.63 1 1728.19 33885 1939 60.0 855.9 5916 64 1268 1219.0 59.76 1 620.96 5160 1305 3.4 498.7 937 75 1046 992.9 53.90 1 529.62 3738 952 32.1 72.4 344131 11529 15120.8 42.37 1 5397.47 59460 1665 32.5 4542.1 9466129 4818 9189.9 42.48 1 1356.04 19224 1271 73.3 19122.9 3161 84 1009 1596.9 37.18 1 276.44 3944 197 11.4 1434.5 669165 2401 4157.3 36.14 1 787.47 9281 1271 98.6 2985.1 981 80 1358 1185.2 12.63 1 318.63 5012 1939 1.7 39.9 363

59 3110 3817.7 18.69 1 1255.04 15710 1939 40.2 659.9 1480110 679 1686.2 35.35 0 750.28 2509 1145 17.9 374.0 388120 721 1322.0 35.08 1 325.36 2627 1665 6.9 75.4 305118 2071 3476.2 43.05 1 916.78 8019 392 27.4 7679.1 878120 739 1123.8 68.13 1 271.59 2425 876 24.5 819.7 380120 372 1151.6 35.35 0 645.83 1364 1145 14.4 451.1 221 59 1065 2896.3 18.69 1 819.23 4155 1939 7.0 18.4 559 74 1857 5608.6 42.36 1 2649.07 8947 478 25.1 7298.4 1748124 1404 3700.0 29.51 0 9642.86 5952 285 16.5 692.2 1027 69 817 1395.5 42.92 1 1105.55 4146 177 4.3 1402.3 437118 827 3022.8 41.32 0 910.79 3207 589 15.3 225.1 465129 539 1515.4 31.22 0 379.58 853 853 5.2 177.3 479129 693 1878.9 30.95 0 455.92 853 853 19.3 297.8 453

DATA7-11: Data on single family houses sold in 1984 in the La Jolla and University City areas of San Diego - Obtained from multiple listing service. price sale price in thousands of dollars (Range 110 - 590) age age of house in years (Range 1 - 60) aircon = 1 if house has central air-conditioning, 0 otherwise baths number of bath rooms (Range 1 - 5) bedrms number of bed rooms (Range 2 - 5) cond condition of house from poor (1) to excellent (6) corner = 1 if the house is a corner lot, 0 otherwise culd = 1 if the house is in a cul-de-sac, 0 otherwise dish = 1 if the house has a built-in dishwasher, 0 otherwise fence = 1 if the house has a fence, 0 otherwise firepl number of fireplaces (Range 0 - 2) floors number of floors (Range 1 - 2) garage number of car spaces in garage (Range 0 - 3) irreg = 1 if lot is irregular in shape, 0 otherwise lajolla = 1 if the house is located in La Jolla, 0 otherwise lndry = 1 if the house has a laundry area, 0 otherwise patio number of patios (Range 0 - 2) pool = 1 if the house has a swimming pool, 0 otherwise rooms number of rooms excluding bedrms and baths (Range 1 - 5) sprink = 1 if there is a sprinkler system, 0 otherwise sqft living area in square feet (Range 950 - 3775) view = 1 if the house has a view, 0 otherwise yard yard size in square feet (Range 1530 - 36304)

SAMPLE 1 59READ (DATA7-11) price age aircon baths bedrms cond corner culd & dish fence firepl floors garage irreg lajolla & lndry patio pool rooms sprink sqft view yard

143 32 0 1 2 5 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 950 0 3206 228 32 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 965 1 4835 280 38 0 2 2 5 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 3 1 1800 1 7250 540 20 0 2.5 2 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1200 1 3514172.686 25 0 1.75 3 3 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 3 1 1900 0 8100

250 22 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1500 0 9690 275 22 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 0 2 1 1900 0 8154 345 4 0 2.5 3 5 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 2 0 3 1 2524 1 5281 425 24 0 2.5 3 5 0 0 1 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 0 4 0 2500 1 36304 245 15 0 2.75 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 3 1 2475 0 6708 210 35 0 2 4 4 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 4 0 1914 1 7093 250 18 0 2.5 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 4 1 2519 1 5628 295 10 0 2.5 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 0 3 1 2530 1 7790 302 8 1 2.5 4 5 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 0 4 1 2100 1 6400 292.5 7 0 2.5 4 6 0 0 1 0 1 2 3 0 1 1 1 0 4 1 2300 1 17852 340 8 0 2.5 4 5 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 1 1 1 1 4 1 2600 1 3477 546 35 0 3 4 5 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 3 1 2618 0 8011 305 60 0 4 5 5 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 5 0 2800 1 7500 590 8 0 2.5 5 5 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 5 1 3775 1 16298 365 9 0 2.5 5 5 1 0 1 1 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 0 4 1 2785 1 9683 370 12 0 3.5 5 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 0 5 1 3200 0 17980 362 8 0 2.5 5 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 0 4 1 2650 1 7625 155 30 0 1 3 5 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 1007 0 2543 150 30 0 1 3 3 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 2 0 1115 0 7485 225 35 0 2 3 4 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 2 1 1200 0 2425 270 1 0 3 3 6 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 2100 1 5550 312.5 2 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 0 2 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2184 1 18760 330 3 0 3.5 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 0 5 1 3000 1 9584 345 20 0 2.5 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 4 1 2400 1 11663 114 13 0 1.75 3 5 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1250 1 3480 120 12 0 1.75 3 3 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 1464 1 4736 121.5 21 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 1300 0 4600 140.75 12 0 1.75 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1640 0 2860 134 10 0 2.5 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 3 1 1641 0 4125.5

146 13 0 1.75 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 2 1 1650 1 7295 141 18 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 4 1 1900 0 5428 145 13 0 2.5 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 4 1 1650 0 5187 140 20 0 2 3 4 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1500 0 5619 155 22 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 1500 1 9861 200 19 0 2 3 5 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 2 1 2000 1 7100 119.7 10 0 2 4 4 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 3 1 1584 0 4416 126 12 0 2 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 3 0 1583 0 4417 135 15 0 1.75 4 5 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 2 1 1600 0 2248 150 19 0 2.5 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 4 1 2050 1 8213 177.5 14 0 3 4 3 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 4 0 3000 0 4800 178 7 0 1.75 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 3 1 1925 1 8835 195 3 0 2.5 4 5 0 0 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 4 1 2278 0 10938 217.5 2 1 2 2 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 2048 1 4932 110 12 0 1.75 3 3 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1450 0 1530 132.5 13 0 2 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 2 0 1700 1 4224 145 13 0 1.75 3 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 1600 1 4825 210 3 0 2.5 3 5 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 0 0 1 1 1 4 1 2540 0 5100 120 12 0 2 4 5 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 1584 0 5716 132 13 0 1.75 4 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 3 0 1584 0 12920 136.5 20 0 1.75 4 5 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 3 1 1800 0 6572 195 3 0 3 4 5 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 3 1 2268 1 4390 148 20 0 2 3 6 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 1364 1 9126 177.5 14 0 5 5 5 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 4 0 3000 0 4600 208 4 0 4 4 5 1 0 1 1 2 2 3 0 0 1 1 0 4 1 2536 0 6408

DATA7-12: Data on List Price and Characteristics of 1995 American-made 2-door sedans and hatchbacks only. Source: 1995 Wards Automotive Yearbook, Pages 239-244. price list price in thousands of dollars, Range 8.395 - 68.603 hatch = 1 for a hatchback, 0 for sedan wbase wheel base in inches, Range 93.1 - 113.8

length length of car in inches, Range 149.4 - 207.3 width width of car in inches, Range 53.9 - 75.5 height height in inches, Range 46.3 - 55.2 weight weight of car in hundreds of pounds, Range 18.08 -38.18 cyl number of cylinders, Range 3 - 8 liters engine displacement in liters, Range 1 - 2.3 gasmpg estimated gas mile per gallon, averaged between city and freeway driving, Range 20.5 - 51.5 trans = 1 for automatic transmission, 0 otherwise

SAMPLE 1 82READ (DATA7-12) price hatch wbase length width height weight & cyl liters gasmpg trans

26.250 0 106.3 174.5 67.3 53.8 28.66 4 1.8 26.0 015.969 0 103.7 187.4 69.7 53.0 28.88 4 2.0 27.0 019.564 0 103.7 187.4 69.7 53.0 28.88 6 2.5 24.0 011.740 0 104.0 171.8 67.2 54.8 24.05 4 2.0 33.5 014.067 0 104.0 171.8 67.2 52.8 24.85 4 2.0 33.5 013.876 0 103.7 187.2 68.5 53.0 28.22 4 2.0 27.0 017.726 0 103.7 187.2 68.5 53.0 30.84 6 2.5 24.0 011.740 0 104.0 171.8 67.2 52.8 23.84 4 2.0 33.5 014.067 0 104.0 171.8 67.2 52.8 24.85 4 2.0 33.5 014.995 1 98.8 172.2 68.3 51.0 27.56 4 2.0 27.0 018.105 1 98.8 172.2 68.7 51.6 28.66 4 2.0 26.5 020.335 1 98.8 172.2 68.7 51.6 31.19 4 2.0 24.0 010.070 1 98.4 170.0 66.7 52.5 23.04 4 1.9 34.0 010.925 1 98.4 170.0 66.7 52.5 23.23 4 1.9 34.0 013.210 1 98.4 170.0 66.7 52.5 24.47 4 1.8 28.0 015.030 0 101.3 181.5 71.8 53.0 30.77 6 3.8 25.0 018.605 0 101.3 181.5 71.8 53.0 30.77 8 5.0 21.0 017.410 0 101.3 181.5 71.8 53.2 30.77 8 5.0 21.0 014.550 1 102.8 178.7 69.8 51.6 26.90 4 2.0 29.5 016.920 1 102.8 179.5 69.8 51.6 29.21 6 2.5 23.5 017.910 0 113.0 200.3 72.7 52.5 35.36 6 3.8 22.5 123.420 0 113.0 200.3 72.7 53.0 35.36 6 3.8 22.0 139.440 0 113.0 207.3 74.8 53.6 37.68 8 4.6 21.5 117.370 0 113.0 199.9 72.7 52.5 35.33 6 3.8 22.5 119.225 0 107.5 193.9 72.5 53.3 32.61 6 3.1 24.0 119.995 0 107.5 193.9 72.5 53.3 33.28 6 3.8 23.5 128.830 0 113.8 207.2 75.0 55.2 37.48 6 3.8 24.0 115.065 0 103.4 189.2 68.7 53.5 28.88 4 2.3 26.0 116.065 0 103.4 189.2 68.7 53.5 29.39 4 2.3 27.0 117.725 0 103.4 189.2 68.7 53.5 29.85 6 3.1 24.5 138.855 0 108.0 202.2 75.5 53.6 37.74 8 4.6 20.5 142.170 0 108.0 202.2 75.5 53.9 38.18 8 4.6 20.5 113.590 0 103.4 187.3 53.9 53.0 27.58 4 2.2 30.0 016.790 0 103.4 187.3 53.9 53.0 29.90 6 3.1 25.0 014.995 1 101.1 193.2 74.1 51.3 33.90 6 3.4 23.5 018.660 1 101.1 193.2 74.1 51.3 34.24 8 5.7 21.5 010.545 0 104.1 180.3 67.4 53.2 26.17 4 2.2 31.0 014.295 0 104.1 180.3 67.4 53.9 27.88 4 2.3 27.0 037.345 1 96.2 178.5 70.7 46.3 33.09 8 5.7 22.0 168.603 1 96.2 178.5 73.1 46.3 35.12 8 5.7 21.0 017.295 0 107.5 200.7 71.9 53.8 32.76 6 3.1 24.0 119.495 0 107.5 200.7 71.9 53.8 34.51 6 3.4 21.5 1 8.395 1 93.1 149.4 62.8 54.7 18.08 3 1.0 46.5 0

8.695 1 93.1 149.4 62.8 54.7 18.08 3 1.0 46.5 013.995 0 103.4 187.9 67.2 53.1 27.16 4 2.3 27.0 015.900 0 103.4 187.9 67.2 53.1 27.16 4 2.3 27.0 018.200 0 107.0 193.9 71.0 53.3 32.86 6 3.1 24.0 119.200 0 107.0 193.9 71.0 53.3 32.86 6 3.1 24.0 115.604 1 101.1 195.6 74.5 52.0 32.30 6 3.4 23.5 019.844 1 101.1 195.6 74.5 52.0 33.73 8 5.7 22.0 021.684 1 101.1 197.0 74.5 51.7 33.45 8 5.7 22.0 013.599 0 103.4 186.9 68.7 53.5 28.24 4 2.3 27.0 015.549 0 103.4 186.9 68.7 53.5 28.88 4 2.3 27.0 017.919 0 107.5 194.8 71.9 52.8 32.43 6 3.1 24.0 111.559 0 104.1 181.9 67.4 51.8 26.79 4 2.2 30.0 013.319 0 104.1 181.9 67.4 51.8 28.29 4 2.3 27.5 012.255 0 99.2 173.2 67.5 50.6 22.80 4 1.9 34.0 013.355 0 99.2 175.8 67.5 50.6 23.76 4 1.9 30.0 017.930 0 106.9 184.0 70.1 54.7 28.22 4 2.2 28.0 020.490 0 106.9 184.0 70.1 54.7 29.54 4 2.2 28.0 011.970 0 103.2 172.8 66.9 50.9 22.24 4 1.5 37.0 015.260 0 103.2 172.8 66.9 50.9 23.90 4 1.6 32.0 010.130 1 101.3 160.2 66.9 50.7 21.08 4 1.5 44.0 011.480 1 101.3 160.2 66.9 50.7 21.78 4 1.5 37.0 012.180 1 101.3 160.2 66.9 50.7 20.94 4 1.5 51.5 013.920 1 101.3 160.2 66.9 50.7 23.90 4 1.6 32.0 019.013 1 102.8 181.5 68.9 51.6 26.25 4 2.0 30.0 022.088 1 102.8 181.5 68.9 51.6 28.00 6 2.5 23.5 014.779 1 98.8 172.2 68.3 49.8 27.23 4 2.0 27.5 016.749 1 98.8 172.2 68.3 49.8 28.22 4 2.0 27.5 020.419 1 98.8 172.2 68.7 50.5 28.77 4 2.0 27.0 023.349 1 98.8 172.2 68.7 50.5 31.20 4 2.0 24.0 014.769 0 103.7 187.0 68.1 53.1 27.55 4 2.4 26.5 019.089 0 103.7 187.0 68.1 53.1 28.66 4 2.4 25.0 118.635 0 103.7 187.0 68.1 53.1 29.76 4 2.4 25.0 112.404 0 99.8 170.1 66.6 54.2 23.20 4 1.6 35.0 014.674 0 99.8 170.1 66.6 54.2 23.66 4 1.6 35.0 015.674 0 99.8 170.1 66.6 54.2 25.36 4 2.0 22.5 016.525 0 103.1 187.8 69.7 54.9 29.10 4 2.2 27.0 019.665 0 103.1 187.8 69.7 54.9 30.64 4 2.2 24.5 121.985 0 103.1 187.8 69.7 54.9 32.19 6 3.0 24.0 123.605 0 103.1 187.8 69.7 55.1 31.64 6 3.0 24.0 1

DATA7-13: Data on families receiving unemployment compensation in 1982 All data are from Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1983 interviewing year, Wave XVI. Date compiled by David Arroyo. UCOMP = Amount of Unemployment Compensation recieved in dollars (Range 95 - 9672) UHOURS = Head of household's hours of unemployment in 1982 (Range 40 - 2080) HEADY = Head of household's labor income in 1982, dollars (Range 0 - 32000) SPOUSEY = Spouse's labor income in 1982, dollars (Range 0 - 18000) EDUC = Number of grades of school completed by the head of household (Range 7 - 17) MALE = Gender of head of houshold, 1 if Male, 0 if female MARRIED = Marital status of head of household, 1 - if married, 0 - otherwise FAMSIZE = Size of family unit (Range 1 - 9) WHITE = Race of head of household, 1 if white, 0 otherwise

SAMPLE 1 252READ (DATA7-13) UCOMP UHOURS HEADY SPOUSEY EDUC MALE MARRIED FAMSIZE WHITE

4000 1280 2000 10500 11 1 1 5 04000 1280 2000 10500 11 1 1 5 04000 1280 2000 10500 11 1 1 5 04000 1280 2000 10500 11 1 1 5 04000 1280 2000 10500 11 1 1 5 02561 868 11586 8000 14 1 1 2 02561 868 11586 8000 14 1 1 2 02561 868 11586 8000 14 1 1 2 0 101 692 6000 3500 15 1 1 5 0 101 692 6000 3500 15 1 1 5 0 101 692 6000 3500 15 1 1 5 0 101 692 6000 3500 15 1 1 5 0 101 692 6000 3500 15 1 1 5 0 779 2080 0 0 11 1 1 2 0 779 2080 0 0 11 1 1 2 0 544 348 18249 0 10 1 0 1 0 544 348 18249 0 10 1 0 1 0 376 1732 850 0 10 1 0 3 0 376 1732 850 0 10 1 0 3 0 376 1732 850 0 10 1 0 3 0 825 312 16000 0 9 0 0 2 1 825 312 16000 0 9 0 0 2 13476 880 8693 0 12 1 1 5 13476 880 8693 0 12 1 1 5 13476 880 8693 0 12 1 1 5 13476 880 8693 0 12 1 1 5 13476 880 8693 0 12 1 1 5 13476 880 8693 0 12 1 1 5 1 575 520 12000 0 11 1 0 1 0 575 520 12000 0 11 1 0 1 03400 1040 9800 500 12 1 1 3 03400 1040 9800 500 12 1 1 3 03400 1040 9800 500 12 1 1 3 0 884 520 5848 0 12 0 0 3 0 884 520 5848 0 12 0 0 3 0 884 520 5848 0 12 0 0 3 0 300 1040 4400 536 11 1 1 2 0 300 1040 4400 536 11 1 1 2 01557 2080 0 0 9 1 1 2 01557 2080 0 0 9 1 1 2 01557 2080 0 0 9 1 1 2 01557 2080 0 0 9 1 1 2 01520 692 6028 10099 14 1 1 4 01520 692 6028 10099 14 1 1 4 01520 692 6028 10099 14 1 1 4 01520 692 6028 10099 14 1 1 4 0 410 80 23056 0 8 1 1 3 1 410 80 23056 0 8 1 1 3 1 410 80 23056 0 8 1 1 3 12835 1240 4200 0 12 0 0 3 02835 1240 4200 0 12 0 0 3 02835 1240 4200 0 12 0 0 3 0 480 240 9290 0 12 1 1 4 0 480 240 9290 0 12 1 1 4 0

480 240 9290 0 12 1 1 4 0 480 240 9290 0 12 1 1 4 0 858 260 9000 6000 9 1 1 5 0 858 260 9000 6000 9 1 1 5 0 858 260 9000 6000 9 1 1 5 0 858 260 9000 6000 9 1 1 5 0 858 260 9000 6000 9 1 1 5 0 846 1388 6300 0 7 1 1 4 0 846 1388 6300 0 7 1 1 4 0 846 1388 6300 0 7 1 1 4 0 846 1388 6300 0 7 1 1 4 0 846 1388 6300 0 7 1 1 4 0 846 1388 6300 0 7 1 1 4 0 330 120 18430 7000 12 1 1 2 0 330 120 18430 7000 12 1 1 2 0 95 40 8900 0 12 0 0 3 0 95 40 8900 0 12 0 0 3 0 95 40 8900 0 12 0 0 3 0 124 240 7000 8000 12 1 1 4 0 124 240 7000 8000 12 1 1 4 0 124 240 7000 8000 12 1 1 4 0 124 240 7000 8000 12 1 1 4 0 236 120 11000 8300 12 1 1 3 1 236 120 11000 8300 12 1 1 3 1 236 120 11000 8300 12 1 1 3 13068 1040 8050 9050 12 1 1 4 03068 1040 8050 9050 12 1 1 4 03068 1040 8050 9050 12 1 1 4 03068 1040 8050 9050 12 1 1 4 06136 1388 2000 0 12 1 0 5 06136 1388 2000 0 12 1 0 5 06136 1388 2000 0 12 1 0 5 03200 1400 3000 9000 12 1 1 3 13200 1400 3000 9000 12 1 1 3 13200 1400 3000 9000 12 1 1 3 14500 1880 2100 0 13 0 0 4 04500 1880 2100 0 13 0 0 4 04500 1880 2100 0 13 0 0 4 04500 1880 2100 0 13 0 0 4 0 752 520 9744 0 14 0 0 4 0 752 520 9744 0 14 0 0 4 0 752 520 9744 0 14 0 0 4 0 752 520 9744 0 14 0 0 4 0 752 520 9744 0 14 0 0 4 01200 1040 9000 400 13 1 1 2 01200 1040 9000 400 13 1 1 2 01989 720 8211 13757 12 1 0 2 01989 720 8211 13757 12 1 0 2 0 900 240 11000 5700 12 1 1 4 1 900 240 11000 5700 12 1 1 4 1 900 240 11000 5700 12 1 1 4 1 900 240 11000 5700 12 1 1 4 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1

560 80 11000 0 12 0 0 8 1 865 692 2550 0 13 0 0 1 1 865 692 2550 0 13 0 0 1 14389 1040 13400 8400 7 1 1 6 14389 1040 13400 8400 7 1 1 6 14389 1040 13400 8400 7 1 1 6 14389 1040 13400 8400 7 1 1 6 14389 1040 13400 8400 7 1 1 6 14389 1040 13400 8400 7 1 1 6 12704 1040 0 0 10 0 0 1 0 800 344 11100 0 12 1 0 1 0 800 344 11100 0 12 1 0 1 0 800 344 11100 0 12 1 0 1 0 800 344 11100 0 12 1 0 1 09672 2080 0 2224 11 1 1 6 09672 2080 0 2224 11 1 1 6 09672 2080 0 2224 11 1 1 6 09672 2080 0 2224 11 1 1 6 09672 2080 0 2224 11 1 1 6 09672 2080 0 2224 11 1 1 6 0 650 360 16000 18000 12 1 1 3 1 650 360 16000 18000 12 1 1 3 1 650 360 16000 18000 12 1 1 3 14320 692 22000 12000 12 1 1 3 14320 692 22000 12000 12 1 1 3 14320 692 22000 12000 12 1 1 3 12832 960 9000 0 10 1 0 1 0 400 160 16000 16000 16 1 1 2 1 400 160 16000 16000 16 1 1 2 1 444 140 23000 0 11 1 1 4 1 444 140 23000 0 11 1 1 4 1 444 140 23000 0 11 1 1 4 1 444 140 23000 0 11 1 1 4 12562 560 32000 0 12 1 1 3 02562 560 32000 0 12 1 1 3 02562 560 32000 0 12 1 1 3 02522 1040 5582 0 14 0 0 4 02522 1040 5582 0 14 0 0 4 02522 1040 5582 0 14 0 0 4 02522 1040 5582 0 14 0 0 4 02392 692 16000 13200 12 1 1 2 02392 692 16000 13200 12 1 1 2 01092 360 22000 8000 12 1 1 3 01092 360 22000 8000 12 1 1 3 01092 360 22000 8000 12 1 1 3 0 471 348 7467 8142 11 1 1 6 0 471 348 7467 8142 11 1 1 6 0 471 348 7467 8142 11 1 1 6 0 471 348 7467 8142 11 1 1 6 0 471 348 7467 8142 11 1 1 6 0 471 348 7467 8142 11 1 1 6 02091 606 14000 400 11 1 1 3 12091 606 14000 400 11 1 1 3 12091 606 14000 400 11 1 1 3 11300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 0

1300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 01300 344 8400 0 9 0 0 9 02000 868 19000 13000 12 1 1 3 02000 868 19000 13000 12 1 1 3 02000 868 19000 13000 12 1 1 3 01600 692 12000 9000 9 1 0 2 01600 692 12000 9000 9 1 0 2 01296 1600 3000 14000 11 1 1 4 01296 1600 3000 14000 11 1 1 4 01296 1600 3000 14000 11 1 1 4 01296 1600 3000 14000 11 1 1 4 01430 2080 0 0 9 1 0 1 03640 1040 9000 0 14 1 0 3 03640 1040 9000 0 14 1 0 3 03640 1040 9000 0 14 1 0 3 03640 1040 9000 0 14 1 0 3 0 140 40 17400 0 14 0 0 1 03198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 13198 692 16000 0 12 1 1 8 11816 2080 0 0 12 0 0 3 01816 2080 0 0 12 0 0 3 01816 2080 0 0 12 0 0 3 04297 692 18000 0 12 1 1 3 14297 692 18000 0 12 1 1 3 14297 692 18000 0 12 1 1 3 1 879 348 2000 0 12 1 0 1 01250 692 9000 0 17 0 0 1 01170 240 19000 2500 12 1 1 3 11170 240 19000 2500 12 1 1 3 11170 240 19000 2500 12 1 1 3 14330 1720 7000 0 12 1 0 3 04330 1720 7000 0 12 1 0 3 04330 1720 7000 0 12 1 0 3 04095 1560 4000 898 13 1 1 3 04095 1560 4000 898 13 1 1 3 04095 1560 4000 898 13 1 1 3 0 540 344 22000 0 12 1 1 8 03000 1040 6113 0 12 0 0 3 03000 1040 6113 0 12 0 0 3 03000 1040 6113 0 12 0 0 3 01384 692 6750 0 11 1 1 5 01384 692 6750 0 11 1 1 5 01384 692 6750 0 11 1 1 5 01384 692 6750 0 11 1 1 5 01384 692 6750 0 11 1 1 5 01521 692 1900 0 11 0 0 4 01521 692 1900 0 11 0 0 4 01521 692 1900 0 11 0 0 4 01521 692 1900 0 11 0 0 4 03640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 13640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 1

3640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 13640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 13640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 13640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 13640 1616 10000 0 12 1 1 7 15000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 05000 1560 3000 0 12 1 0 7 0 220 692 15000 8000 10 1 1 5 0 220 692 15000 8000 10 1 1 5 0 220 692 15000 8000 10 1 1 5 0 220 692 15000 8000 10 1 1 5 0 220 692 15000 8000 10 1 1 5 01312 960 13000 10000 16 1 1 2 01312 960 13000 10000 16 1 1 2 01312 960 13000 10000 16 1 1 2 0

DATA7-14: Data on homicide and related ratesSource: Statistical Abstract of the U.S., 1995. All data are for 1993.mr = Murder per 100,000 population, Table 310, Page 200. (Range 1.6 - 78.5)exec = Number under sentence of death and excuted, Table 357, Page 220, (Range 0 - 17)south = 1 for a Southern State, and 0 otherwise.ue = Percent unemployed, Table 664, Page 423, Range 2.6 - 10.8.capital = 1 if capital punishment allowed, Table 357, Page 220pcy = Per capita personal income in thousands of 1987 dollars, Table 713, Page 461, Range 11.647 - 23.302.

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA7-14) mr exec south ue capital pcy

11.6 0 1 7.5 1 13.530 9.0 0 0 7.6 0 18.223 8.6 2 0 6.2 1 14.28510.2 0 1 6.2 1 12.63413.1 1 0 9.2 1 17.295 5.8 0 0 5.2 1 16.981 6.3 0 0 6.2 1 22.236 5.0 0 1 5.3 1 17.26178.5 0 1 8.5 1 23.302 8.9 3 1 7.0 1 16.31111.4 2 1 5.8 1 15.205 3.8 0 0 4.2 0 18.566 2.9 0 0 6.1 1 13.83311.4 0 0 7.4 1 17.820 7.5 0 0 5.3 1 15.176 2.3 0 0 4.0 1 14.435 6.4 0 0 5.0 1 15.679 6.6 0 1 6.2 1 13.34020.3 1 1 7.4 1 13.122

1.6 0 0 7.9 0 14.83412.7 0 1 6.2 1 18.885 3.9 0 0 6.9 1 19.281 9.8 0 0 7.0 0 16.259 3.4 0 0 5.1 0 16.57113.5 0 1 6.3 1 11.64711.3 4 0 6.4 1 15.448 3.0 0 0 6.0 1 13.72511.3 0 1 4.9 1 14.747 1.7 0 0 4.3 0 13.485 3.9 0 0 2.6 1 15.53910.4 0 0 7.2 1 18.084 2.0 0 0 6.6 0 17.660 5.3 0 0 7.4 1 21.229 8.0 0 0 7.5 1 12.91213.3 0 0 7.7 1 19.608 6.0 0 0 6.5 1 15.558 8.4 0 1 6.0 1 13.449 4.6 0 0 7.2 1 15.353 6.8 0 0 7.0 1 16.800 3.9 0 0 7.7 0 16.78010.3 0 1 7.5 1 13.318 3.4 0 0 3.5 1 14.12210.2 0 1 5.7 1 14.56511.9 17 1 7.0 1 15.122 3.1 0 0 3.9 1 12.746 3.6 5 0 5.4 1 15.353 8.3 1 1 5.0 1 17.103 6.9 0 1 10.8 1 12.772 5.2 0 0 7.5 1 17.199 4.4 0 0 4.7 0 15.645 3.4 0 0 5.4 1 15.576

DATA7-15: Data compiled by Scott Murch. pvote = proportion of vote for 1988 election of congressmen/women elected before 1986 and is the dependent variable. Data are cross- sectional by individuals (Range 0.5 - 0.99). Source: Politics in America. pvote86 = proportion vote for 1986 election (0.55 - 0.88). pvote84 = proportion vote for 1984 election (0.52 - 1.0). vbush = proportion of voters voting for Bush in 1988 Presidential election in each district (Range 0.19 - 0.71). terms = number of previous terms in office (Range 3 - 13). amtinc = amount spent by the incumbent in the 1988 election (in thousands), Range 65 - 1755. amtchall = amount spent by the challenger in the 1988 election (in thousands), Range 0 - 1633. resources = amount raised by the incumbent for the 1988 election (in thousands), Range 86 - 1731. lcvrate = environmental rating of the incumbent for 1988 as determined by the League of Concervation Voters with 0 = worst and 100 = best, Range 6 - 94. Source is Almanac of American Politics 1990. demo = dummy variable reflecting party affiliation. Democrat = 1, Republican = 0.

SAMPLE 1 38READ (DATA7-15) pvote pvote86 pvote84 vbush terms amtinc amtchall &

resource lcvrate demo

0.63 0.67 0.62 0.43 3 252 8 256 56 10.71 0.76 1.00 0.50 5 638 7 916 81 10.99 0.70 0.61 0.51 5 659 0 752 69 10.73 0.74 0.68 0.35 3 351 50 450 88 10.68 0.67 0.67 0.46 7 269 15 429 88 10.67 0.60 0.60 0.29 9 1174 7 1153 94 10.73 0.70 0.70 0.42 8 410 0 504 88 10.86 0.84 0.62 0.44 13 173 0 116 94 10.71 0.74 0.70 0.40 4 269 95 386 94 10.67 0.70 0.65 0.49 7 521 25 577 81 10.79 0.78 0.71 0.44 6 252 69 318 88 10.70 0.71 0.67 0.46 3 193 89 279 75 10.64 0.66 0.62 0.43 6 140 100 150 94 10.72 0.88 0.63 0.34 7 191 15 345 88 10.85 0.76 0.72 0.32 13 67 0 86 88 10.70 0.65 0.63 0.49 3 409 0 528 81 10.68 0.64 0.55 0.44 3 398 17 893 88 10.76 0.76 0.76 0.26 5 114 0 120 81 10.85 0.85 0.87 0.19 13 65 4 109 75 10.60 0.63 0.52 0.46 3 460 382 437 56 10.72 0.70 0.71 0.34 4 481 10 488 63 10.67 0.69 0.61 0.50 10 457 20 493 63 10.63 0.60 0.60 0.49 3 227 149 226 75 10.54 0.57 0.57 0.51 13 532 218 504 75 10.60 0.64 0.70 0.47 3 218 218 480 81 10.63 0.72 0.73 0.59 5 492 103 390 6 00.71 0.60 0.72 0.59 5 206 5 216 19 00.50 0.72 0.67 0.54 7 1470 1633 1226 38 00.71 0.73 0.71 0.65 7 329 15 335 31 00.70 0.74 0.85 0.64 8 234 18 397 19 00.69 0.72 0.71 0.62 4 186 0 487 44 00.70 0.77 0.85 0.65 5 337 0 212 19 00.64 0.64 0.64 0.61 3 122 13 129 19 00.60 0.55 0.53 0.61 5 1755 248 1731 13 00.74 0.75 0.76 0.71 5 250 2 300 6 00.66 0.68 0.63 0.58 4 407 45 453 19 00.72 0.73 0.74 0.68 3 166 74 215 13 00.74 0.77 0.75 0.66 4 489 8 392 13 0

DATA7-16: Data on the number of college applications and its determinants for 34 schools -- Compiled by Ho Lee. applied = number of applications for Fall 1987 (Range 1589 - 23670) founded = the year of the school founded (Range 1636 - 1965) applfee = application fee in dollars (Range 10 - 50) tuition = tution fee in dollars (858 - 12960) room = Room and Board in dollars (Range 2046 - 5416) R&D = Federal obligations for Research and Developement in Sciences (in thousands of dollars) in 1986, Range 21418 - 188120. pp = Private (1) or public(0) satv = percentage of freshmen having SAT-verbal over 600 (Range 5 - 81) satm = percentage of freshman having SAT-math over 600 (Range 19 - 100)

SAMPLE 1 34READ (DATA7-16) appl founded applfee tuition room RD pp satv satm

7368 1861 40 12500 4470 188120 1 73 9916884 1855 45 11880 4955 180186 1 68 8611406 1964 35 1545 4916 133243 0 11 3523670 1919 35 1408 3110 125483 0 15 4121075 1865 45 12300 4020 112707 1 51 8213063 1701 40 12120 4900 111657 1 81 8814220 1636 40 12890 4210 110356 1 80 8712800 1740 50 11976 4865 103487 1 65 8521667 1868 35 1476 4382 96834 0 43 7010837 1880 40 10564 3922 77533 1 10 27 7142 1853 30 11512 4168 72750 1 33 64 4325 1890 30 12460 4730 71535 1 59 71 6924 1850 35 11456 4598 71521 1 27 6215120 1838 45 10320 3804 70034 1 58 8510383 1831 35 11130 5416 68372 1 24 39 1589 1891 25 11159 4412 59707 1 75 10012924 1885 25 1196 2712 51123 0 9 23 1703 1826 20 10400 3970 49331 1 29 6911831 1853 15 1008 3240 48911 0 5 1919644 1869 35 11950 4900 38406 1 32 4911944 1851 30 11637 3999 43609 1 44 6812660 1746 40 12550 4368 42674 1 76 9313708 1881 20 2133 2610 32604 0 16 37 6000 1836 25 10190 3612 30981 1 23 4911988 1764 40 12960 4075 29987 1 67 82 6946 1965 20 2202 3732 29209 0 7 2318732 1898 35 1320 3803 29770 0 9 27 9414 1852 35 12088 4940 27475 1 42 76 5058 1850 15 6290 3050 22612 1 9 2410918 1851 15 986 2550 21418 0 18 2513114 1849 10 1570 2700 120626 0 16 4314482 1867 25 2092 3386 88986 0 21 5616031 1881 50 858 3800 74028 0 18 3722251 1863 10 2046 2046 26190 0 9 23DATA7-17: Data (compiled by Denise Lerner) are cross section for 40 countries, including Chad, India, Diger, Tanzania, Madagascar, Thailand, Honduras, Philippines, Zambia, El, Salvador, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Tunisia, Costa, Rica, Chile, Jamaica, Lebanon, Mexico, Brazil, Panama, Iraq Uruguay, Argentina, Uygoslavia, Venezuela, Greece, Spain, Isreal, Sudan United, Kingdom, New, Zealand, Japan, Norway, Canada, United States, Sweden, Hungary, Poland, and Czechoslovia. Y = gini coefficient range 0 < Yt < 1: 0 is perfect equality Todaro, Development Economics in the Third World (Range 0.18 - 0.66) Gnp = per capita gross national product,(base 1976) Source:same. Range 63 - 3603. Gdp = growth rate (%) of gross domestic product. Source: World Development Report 1978, Range 0.3 - 10.5. pop = growth rate of population (0.3 - 3.5). urb = measure of people living in urban areas (%), Range 5 - 78. lit = percentage of people in country who can read and write, Range 5 - 99. edu = secondary school enrollment expressed as percentage of the total population of secondary school age, Range 0 - 74.

agr = share of agriculture in GDP (%), Range 4 - 66. soc = 1 if country is socialist 0 if not All sources not mentioned are from the World Development Report 1978.

SAMPLE 1 40READ (DATA7-17) Y gnp gdp pop urb lit edu agr soc

0.35 63 2.5 1.7 7 10 0 55 00.46 84 3.6 2.3 18 24 23 50 00.36 73 2.7 2.7 6 5 0 66 00.48 70 5.4 3.0 5 17 2 57 00.52 93 0.3 2.6 12 20 4 37 00.50 92 8.2 3.1 13 58 8 40 00.61 224 5.1 2.7 23 47 8 37 00.50 150 5.1 3.0 30 72 26 26 00.49 150 4.0 2.9 18 41 1 11 00.45 248 5.9 3.5 38 51 11 32 00.54 251 5.1 2.9 47 61 12 34 00.66 202 5.9 3.3 34 67 12 33 00.57 297 5.4 2.9 47 61 18 26 10.50 156 4.6 2.1 32 40 12 24 00.43 423 6.5 3.5 34 84 21 29 00.49 427 4.2 2.1 69 84 24 11 00.56 388 4.5 1.7 30 82 43 10 00.52 454 4.9 2.5 35 60 19 12 00.58 464 7.3 3.4 50 62 11 16 00.61 231 8.0 2.9 45 61 11 16 00.54 560 7.8 3.1 41 78 29 23 00.61 172 6.1 3.2 43 15 19 17 00.42 460 1.2 0.6 73 90 37 19 00.42 681 4.2 1.4 71 91 31 17 00.33 451 6.8 1.0 28 77 34 24 10.52 750 5.9 3.4 68 65 21 6 00.37 341 6.9 0.6 43 80 41 23 00.38 572 7.3 1.1 57 87 23 21 00.30 686 8.5 3.3 78 84 48 11 00.43 91 2.9 2.2 9 9 3 58 00.32 1599 2.9 0.6 78 98 67 4 00.37 1800 3.9 1.7 76 99 73 14 00.31 780 10.5 1.0 63 98 74 15 00.35 1609 4.9 0.8 37 99 56 9 00.32 2057 5.6 1.8 69 98 50 6 00.31 3603 4.3 1.2 70 98 64 4 00.39 2220 4.4 0.7 72 99 55 7 00.24 870 3.8 0.3 40 97 47 24 10.25 649 4.3 1.0 47 98 50 26 10.18 880 3.2 0.5 47 95 25 16 1

DATA7-18: Cross-sectional data on the 58 California counties for the year 1990 to explain population differentials - compiled by Alvin Chan. Sources: California Statistical Abstract. California Cities, Towns, & Counties. pop = county population in thousands, Range 1.192 - 9149.81. educexp = local government expenditures on education per student (in dollars), Range 3869-9438.

recrexp = expenditures per capita on recreation and cultural services (in dollars), Range 0 - 3138. policexp = local government expenditures per capita on police protection (in dollars), Range 79 - 674. vcrime = number of violent crimes per 100,000 population, Range 230 - 1587. othrcrim = number of other crimes per 100,000 population, Range 2130 - 16946. unemprt = unemployment rate (%), Range 4.8 - 24.9. city = dummy variable that equals 1 if there is a city in the county with a population over 100,000 inhabitants. inland = dummy variable that takes the value 1 when the county does not border the Pacific ocean. central = dummy variable that takes on the value 1 when the county is located in the southern portion of the state and 0 when it is in either the northern or southern portion of the state. south = dummy variable that takes on the value 1 when the county is located in the southern portion of the state and 0 if it is in the central or northern portion of the state.

SAMPLE 1 58READ (DATA7-18) pop educexp recexp policexp vcrime othrcrim unemprt & city inland central south

1319.480 4850 484 175 1234 6668 6.2 1 1 0 0 1.192 9438 0 674 755 16946 10.1 0 1 0 0 32.799 4100 503 119 232 2329 8.2 0 1 0 0 192.253 3939 226 103 491 4863 10.2 0 1 0 0 37.146 3869 290 91 269 2907 11.3 0 1 0 0 17.239 4138 0 147 522 3359 17.8 0 1 0 0 862.935 4499 346 149 741 5072 6.4 1 1 0 0 26.867 4494 361 106 525 4191 12.0 0 0 0 0 144.842 4058 945 119 357 3401 7.5 0 1 0 0 729.736 4504 243 114 1260 7704 13.6 1 1 1 0 25.788 3979 171 111 419 4320 15.6 0 1 0 0 121.749 4403 427 107 554 7042 8.8 0 0 0 0 137.053 4260 166 122 703 5396 24.9 0 1 0 1 18.434 5385 1242 237 391 3569 10.4 0 1 1 0 609.333 4410 236 109 850 5445 14.3 1 1 1 0 110.091 4247 138 101 602 3554 13.7 0 1 1 0 55.766 4092 344 107 931 4463 12.2 0 1 0 0 28.079 4572 281 81 491 2229 10.7 0 1 0 09149.811 5111 3138 218 1508 4960 9.4 1 0 0 1 104.925 4237 223 79 756 4707 14.9 0 1 1 0 235.037 4779 1158 156 357 3319 4.8 0 0 0 0 15.637 4752 0 125 1388 4099 9.4 0 1 1 0 81.895 4897 690 126 574 3656 9.7 0 0 0 0 196.850 4365 175 96 529 4877 15.2 0 1 1 0 9.672 4902 0 112 527 2130 11.9 0 1 0 0 10.393 5292 0 280 587 5013 10.1 0 1 1 0 351.927 4676 1277 143 779 4381 11.9 1 0 1 0 114.969 4196 959 150 512 3852 6.9 0 1 0 0 85.832 4099 717 98 362 3015 7.7 0 1 0 02543.168 4445 1018 182 551 4480 5.8 1 0 0 1 198.485 4064 611 130 466 4239 7.0 0 1 0 0 20.511 5631 658 152 283 7927 13.9 0 1 0 0

1352.932 4178 595 132 981 5657 10.6 1 1 0 11098.148 4454 565 115 968 7335 7.3 1 1 0 0 40.995 4261 0 94 705 2993 13.3 0 1 1 01553.625 4099 299 140 958 5911 8.4 1 1 0 02632.078 4715 727 127 888 4917 7.2 1 0 0 1 734.676 5170 2256 224 1489 7126 6.7 1 0 0 0 518.168 4394 199 140 1035 7039 12.3 1 1 0 0 223.710 4681 678 122 709 3400 7.4 0 0 1 0 676.237 4642 985 166 498 3539 4.9 0 0 1 0 380.494 4394 629 133 469 3884 7.3 0 0 0 11557.233 4628 539 149 580 3812 6.3 1 1 1 0 234.972 4423 617 156 714 5634 9.8 0 0 1 0 160.021 4112 427 123 552 5102 11.8 0 1 0 0 3.352 6831 0 338 298 2237 10.0 0 1 0 0 43.928 4611 526 158 232 3902 13.6 0 1 0 0 367.585 4149 333 188 852 5456 7.7 1 1 0 0 410.192 4096 530 123 494 4557 6.2 1 0 0 0 406.764 3928 176 127 976 6583 15.0 1 1 1 0 73.171 4050 197 113 619 5426 16.0 0 1 0 0 52.876 4140 155 108 1012 4753 11.1 0 1 0 0 13.482 5449 0 156 230 2388 14.4 0 1 0 0 343.257 4450 170 96 759 4892 15.4 0 1 1 0 51.933 4130 720 91 335 3709 10.9 0 1 1 0 702.741 4325 66 120 471 3220 7.9 1 0 0 1 146.422 4054 549 142 643 6705 6.5 0 1 0 0 62.015 4481 166 86 1587 5510 14.9 0 1 0 0

DATA7-19: Data on demand for cigarette consumption in Turkey Source: "Cigarett demand, health scares, and education in Turkey," by Aysit Tansel, APPLIED ECONOMICS, 1993, pp. 521-529. Q Cigarette consumption per adult (kg), Range 1.86 - 2.723. Y Per capita real GNP in 1968 prices ( in Turkish liras),

Range 2560 - 5723. P Real price of cigarettes in Turkey liras per kg,

Range 1.361 - 3.968. ED1 Ratio of enrolments in middle and high schools to the

population 12-17 years old, Range 0.112 - 0.451. ED2 Ratio in enrollments in universities to the population

20-24 years old, Range 0.026 - 0.095. D82 = 1 for 1982 onward D86 = 1 for 1986 onward

SAMPLE 1 29* Sample period 1960-1988READ (DATA7-19) year Q Y P ED1 ED2 D82 D86

1960 1.860 2561 1.362 0.112 0.026 0 01961 1.917 2560 1.363 0.125 0.030 0 01962 1.981 2652 1.361 0.135 0.030 0 01963 1.937 2840 1.454 0.142 0.032 0 01964 1.924 2882 1.620 0.147 0.034 0 01965 1.947 2900 1.688 0.148 0.036 0 01966 2.039 3167 1.664 0.163 0.040 0 01967 1.985 3220 1.760 0.184 0.043 0 01968 2.018 3350 1.812 0.200 0.047 0 01969 2.016 3443 1.984 0.217 0.051 0 01970 2.114 3546 1.996 0.229 0.052 0 0

1971 2.144 3826 1.926 0.250 0.053 0 01972 2.223 4014 1.875 0.264 0.052 0 01973 2.357 4109 1.869 0.267 0.052 0 01974 2.574 4304 1.913 0.279 0.052 0 01975 2.403 4526 2.008 0.287 0.074 0 01976 2.456 4784 2.148 0.317 0.089 0 01977 2.517 4869 2.075 0.330 0.092 0 01978 2.593 4906 2.347 0.337 0.092 0 01979 2.723 4786 1.875 0.334 0.084 0 01980 2.347 4638 2.145 0.349 0.067 0 01981 2.527 4714 2.279 0.340 0.057 0 01982 2.413 4808 2.392 0.351 0.055 1 01983 2.346 4844 2.230 0.357 0.063 1 01984 2.206 5006 2.106 0.373 0.070 1 01985 2.107 5132 2.714 0.396 0.083 1 01986 2.014 5409 2.539 0.414 0.091 1 11987 2.165 5672 2.967 0.432 0.094 1 11988 2.082 5723 3.968 0.451 0.095 1 1

DATA7-20: Data on NBA players' salaries and their determinants compiled by Michael Pepek. SALARY = Salary earned by players in the 1989-90 NBA season, in thousands of dollars. Source: San Diego Union, Dec.10, 1989, pg H10. (Range 1000 - 3750). YRS = Number of years that player has been in the NBA, Range 1 - 13. HT = Height of the players in inches. Source: the Sporting News Pro-Basketball Handbook, 1989-90. (Range 73 - 88) WT = The weight of each player in pounds. Pro-Basketball Handbook. (Range 175 - 290). AGE = The age of each player determined by their age in 1989. For example, if their birthdate is 4-5-63, then their age is determined by 1989-1963 = 26 years old, Pro-Basketball Handbook. (Range 23 - 36). GAMES = Number of games that each player played in the 88-89 season, HOOPS - basketball stats book 1989-90. (Range 6 - 82). GAMESTRT = Number of games out of the total games played in that the player started in. HOOPS. (Range 0 - 82). FORWARD = Dummy variable for whether the player is primarily a forward. 1 if forward, 0 if not. SD Union. GUARD = Dummy var for if player is primarilly a Guard. 1 = guard, 0 not. SD Union. MIN = Number of minutes that each player played during season, HOOPS. (Range 189 - 3255). FGA = Field goal attempts. All shots taken by the player. This does not include free-throws, Sporting News, May 1989. (Range 104 - 1881). FGPRCNT = The fraction of shots that each player made. 1.000 is perfect shooting. Sporting News. (Range 0.431 - 0.579). FTA = Free throw attempts. The total number of free throws attempted by each player after being fouled. Sporting News. (Range 19 - 918). FTPRCNT = Fraction of the shot free throws that were made. #made/#shot Sporting News. (Range 0.553 - 0.911). REBOUNDS = The number of totsl rebounds by each player. BRDS is short for boards. Sporting New. (Range 37 - 1105). ASSISTS = Number of assists by player. An assist is when one player makes a pass to another player who scores because

of that pass. Sporting News. (Range 29 - 1118). STEALS = Number of times that player stole ball away from other team. Sporting News. (Range 6 - 564). BLOCKS = number of blocked shots. Sporting News. (Range 5 - 315). POINTS = number of points that the player scored in the full season. Sporting News. (Range 116 - 2633). AVGPNTS = the average points per games played. #points/#games played. Sporting News. (Range 4.7 - 32.5). RACE = Dummy variable to tell whether the player is white or non-white. 0 = white, 1 = non-white. Sporting News NBA Guide 1987-88. EW = Dummy var to tell whether each player is Source the east or Source the west devision. 1 = east 0 = west Boston Celtics 1988-89 Media Guide TRD = Dummy var telling whether player has been traded in the last two years. 1 = has been traded 0 = has not. Sporting News. WINTM = Dummy var telling whether the team that the player is on had more than 45 wins out of the 82 game schedule. Sporting News. ALLSTAT = Dummy variable telling whether the player is on the All Star team in the 1990-1991 season. The reason for using this years AS team is going on the theory that players make it onto the AS team the year after they deserved it. 1 = on the AS team 0 = not. San Diego Union. XPAN = dummy variable denoting whether the team is an expansion team in the last 2 seasons. 1 = expansion team Source : Boston Celtics Media Guide.

SAMPLE 1 56READ (DATA7-20) SALARY YRS HT WT AGE GAMES GAMESTRT FORWARD GUARD & MIN FGA FGPRCNT FTA FTPRCNT REBOUNDS ASSISTS STEALS & BLOCKS POINTS AVGPNTS RACE EW TRD WINTM ALLSTAR XPAN

3750 4 84 240 27 80 80 0 0 2896 1282 0.567 484 0.746 240 188 117 281 1815 22.7 1 1 0 1 1 03330 4 79 215 26 82 82 1 0 3093 1630 0.509 553 0.892 483 415 176 39 2176 26.5 0 0 0 0 1 03100 10 81 222 30 77 77 0 1 2886 1137 0.509 563 0.911 607 988 138 22 1730 22.5 1 0 0 1 1 03000 6 78 253 26 79 79 1 0 3088 1208 0.579 799 0.753 986 325 126 67 2037 25.8 1 1 0 1 1 02750 10 81 220 33 6 6 1 0 189 104 0.471 19 0.847 37 29 6 5 116 19.3 0 1 0 0 1 02500 6 78 198 26 81 81 0 1 3255 1795 0.538 793 0.850 652 650 234 65 2633 32.5 1 1 0 1 1 02500 6 84 250 26 82 82 0 0 3024 1556 0.508 652 0.696 1105 149 213 282 2039 24.8 1 0 0 1 1 02500 4 81 250 25 79 77 1 0 3000 472 0.523 160 0.744 299 53 20 20 613 19.8 1 0 1 0 0 02200 4 84 260 26 74 22 0 0 1531 269 0.524 114 0.553 453 56 54 98 345 4.7 0 1 0 1 0 02140 2 74 180 23 81 81 0 1 3179 1128 0.505 576 0.882 340 991 135 24 1650 20.4 1 0 0 1 1 02140 4 75 195 26 81 81 0 1 3102 1146 0.471 324 0.840 367 770 146 8 1431 17.7 0 0 0 0 0 0

2100 8 73 185 28 80 76 0 1 2924 1227 0.464 351 0.818 273 663 133 20 1458 18.2 1 1 0 1 1 02100 7 80 200 29 80 80 1 0 2997 1756 0.464 524 0.844 553 211 117 52 2099 26.2 1 1 0 1 1 02100 13 82 255 34 81 80 0 0 2878 1096 0.491 711 0.789 956 112 79 100 1637 20.2 1 1 0 1 0 02100 3 84 280 25 79 79 0 0 2662 1161 0.477 428 0.757 635 60 56 49 1432 18.1 1 0 0 0 0 02100 6 88 230 29 61 36 0 0 1086 365 0.449 95 0.653 307 77 31 65 393 6.4 1 0 1 0 0 02100 13 79 190 35 82 82 1 0 2990 1881 0.491 379 0.858 326 383 66 12 2175 26.5 1 0 0 0 0 02000 13 84 230 36 80 80 0 0 2840 1045 0.570 409 0.719 996 175 72 116 1486 18.6 1 1 0 0 1 02100 1 82 230 24 26 18 1 0 950 358 0.494 103 0.767 171 81 44 25 434 16.7 1 0 0 0 0 01800 3 81 254 26 80 80 1 0 3126 1559 0.519 918 0.766 853 219 144 70 2326 29.1 1 0 0 1 0 01800 8 82 230 30 81 81 1 0 3002 1643 0.471 598 0.851 684 231 87 55 2085 25.7 0 0 0 1 1 01700 7 81 235 28 80 78 1 0 2824 1563 0.467 460 0.787 650 198 106 72 1829 22.9 0 0 1 0 0 01700 9 83 260 30 82 82 0 0 2739 1166 0.477 341 0.871 769 138 46 106 1409 17.2 0 1 0 1 0 01700 7 75 175 29 71 71 0 1 2745 1221 0.457 344 0.785 662 559 195 20 1409 19.8 1 0 0 0 1 01500 8 83 260 30 76 64 0 0 1917 607 0.522 402 0.826 500 105 42 81 969 12.8 0 0 0 0 0 01500 6 79 215 29 82 82 0 1 3190 1710 0.501 462 0.816 342 164 108 22 2253 27.5 1 0 0 1 0 01500 7 81 225 28 81 81 1 0 2960 1282 0.548 321 0.782 489 288 108 56 1657 20.5 1 0 0 1 1 01500 11 79 215 33 81 81 1 0 2559 1371 0.477 441 0.819 384 294 64 13 1674 20.7 1 1 0 0 0 01500 4 81 230 26 82 82 1 0 2510 758 0.529 359 0.786 739 103 94 55 1088 13.3 1 0 0 1 1 01330 4 75 190 26 69 67 0 1 2409 903 0.505 306 0.850 172 390 63 5 1186 17.2 1 1 0 1 0 01320 10 85 245 32 78 76 0 0 2333 768 0.475 308 0.766 521 90 21 41 966 12.4 1 1 0 1 0 01300 7 88 290 32 81 82 0 0 2914 407 0.462 200 0.660 843 83 40 315 508 6.2 0 0 0 1 0 01300 8 80 230 29 74 72 1 0 2446 702 0.531 320 0.666 696 78 61 36 959 13 1 0 1 0 0 01300 5 82 235 27 66 40 1 0 1633 606 0.459 154 0.747 413 81 47 68 671 10.2 0 0 1 0 0 01200 8 84 240 31 82 82 0 0 1806 543 0.499 178 0.646 545 54 28 180 657 8 1 0 1 0 0 01200 8 85 255 31 64 62 0 0 1996 810 0.448 220 0.800 473 105 71 81 902 14.1 1 1 1 0 0 01200 12 83 255 34 80 80 0 0 2587 835 0.431 294 0.905 623 289 85 61 1068 13.4 0 1 1 1 0 01200 9 82 225 32 78 74 1 0 2876 1211 0.546 533 0.818 637 172 26 97 1758 22.5 0 1 0 0 1 01200 8 78 200 30 78 78 0 1 2946 1249 0.476 370 0.854 273 288 65 20 1534 19.7 1 0 0 0 1 01200 5 85 240 28 20 0 0 0 412 153 0.451 49 0.571 106 36 7 33 171 8.6 1 1 1 0 0 0

1100 4 84 255 25 79 62 0 0 2585 907 0.541 426 0.744 696 157 57 221 1299 16.4 1 0 0 0 0 01100 2 75 205 24 72 72 0 1 2477 1025 0.467 258 0.698 341 619 139 7 1219 16.9 1 1 0 1 0 01100 5 83 235 27 82 82 1 0 3135 961 0.542 450 0.729 787 202 82 37 1370 16.7 1 0 1 1 0 01100 3 85 255 25 78 78 0 0 2821 1012 0.538 524 0.737 718 285 63 40 1475 18.9 1 1 0 1 0 01100 6 76 195 28 74 73 0 1 2605 1198 0.491 226 0.863 302 231 114 27 1448 19.6 1 0 0 1 0 01100 11 82 220 33 79 72 0 0 1865 444 0.495 106 0.745 619 78 36 211 520 6.6 1 0 1 0 0 01100 2 81 245 25 74 60 1 0 2120 930 0.503 323 0.743 541 52 564 27 1176 15.9 1 0 0 1 0 01100 6 79 215 27 78 78 0 1 3006 1672 0.496 548 0.799 615 450 213 59 2123 27.2 1 0 0 0 1 01050 5 73 175 27 82 82 0 1 3171 923 0.538 452 0.863 248 1118 263 14 1400 17.1 0 0 0 1 1 01000 4 81 245 26 82 82 1 0 2604 835 0.510 255 0.773 861 187 104 14 1061 12.9 1 1 0 1 0 01000 6 76 205 28 76 75 0 1 2418 1410 0.480 340 0.871 179 219 39 14 1651 21.7 1 1 0 0 0 01000 6 83 232 28 82 3 1 0 2777 1272 0.483 440 0.825 447 138 48 91 1595 19.5 1 0 0 1 0 01000 3 73 175 25 75 74 0 1 2728 1006 0.526 292 0.901 226 631 115 7 1414 18.9 0 1 0 1 0 01000 8 82 217 30 73 72 1 0 2526 920 0.539 334 0.799 581 159 57 206 1259 17.2 1 1 0 0 0 01000 6 81 220 28 82 39 1 0 2542 1027 0.482 420 0.757 522 71 34 121 1308 16 1 1 0 0 0 01000 8 78 220 30 71 65 1 0 2302 1215 0.467 508 0.866 267 224 88 16 1606 22.6 0 1 0 0 0 1

DATA7-21: Population of the United Kingdom, in millions Source: Annual Abstract of Statistics, Central Statistical Office, 1996, Table 2.1, Page 16. (Range 53.292 - 58.395) d1 = 1 for the period 1974-83 and 0 otherwise d2 = 1 for the period 1984-94 and 0 otherwise

SAMPLE 1 33* Sample period 1962-1994READ (DATA7-21) YEAR POP d1 d2

1962 53.292 0 01963 53.625 0 01964 53.991 0 01965 54.350 0 01966 54.643 0 01967 54.959 0 01968 55.214 0 01969 55.461 0 01970 55.632 0 01971 55.928 0 01972 56.097 0 01973 56.223 0 01974 56.236 1 01975 56.226 1 0

1976 56.216 1 01977 56.190 1 01978 56.178 1 01979 56.240 1 01980 56.330 1 01981 56.352 1 01982 56.318 1 01983 56.377 1 01984 56.506 0 11985 56.685 0 11986 56.852 0 11987 57.009 0 11988 57.158 0 11989 57.358 0 11990 57.561 0 11991 57.808 0 11992 58.006 0 11993 58.191 0 11994 58.395 0 1

DATA7-22: Data on cable systems in 1979 and 1994. SOURCES: Broadcasting Yearbook 1980 for 1980 data, and the following for 1994 data. Broadcasting and Cable Year Book 1996, Television and Cable Fact Book 1996, and Editor & Publisher Market Guide, 1995. 1979 data compiled by David Andersen and 1994 data compiled by Cecilia Steen. sub = The number of subscribers of each system (in thousands) (Range 1 - 462) homes = The number of homes passed by each system (Range 1.7 - 1201.09) inst = Installation fee in dollars (5.95 - 75) svc = Monthly service charge of each system (Range 5.08 - 24.93) cblchanl = The number of television signals carried by each cable system (Range 6 - 120) tvchanl = The number of television signals received (Range 3 - 15) pcincome = Per capita income for each television market with cable, in dollars (Range 7.683 - 28.597) D = 1 for 1994 and 0 for 1979

SAMPLE 1 101READ (DATA7-22) sub homes inst svc cblchanl tvchanl pcincome D

105.000 350.000 14.95 9.00 16 13 9.839 0 90.000 255.631 15.00 7.50 15 11 10.606 0 14.000 31.000 15.00 7.00 11 9 10.455 0 11.700 34.840 10.00 7.00 22 10 8.958 0 46.000 153.434 25.00 10.00 20 12 11.741 0 11.217 26.621 15.00 7.66 18 8 9.378 0 12.000 18.000 15.00 7.50 12 8 10.433 0 6.428 9.324 15.00 7.00 17 7 10.167 0 20.100 32.000 10.00 5.60 10 8 9.218 0 8.500 28.000 15.00 6.50 6 6 10.519 0 1.600 8.000 17.50 7.50 8 6 10.025 0 1.100 5.000 15.00 8.95 9 9 9.714 0 4.355 15.204 10.00 7.00 7 7 9.294 0 78.910 97.889 24.95 9.49 12 7 9.784 0 19.600 93.000 20.00 7.50 9 7 8.173 0

1.000 3.000 9.95 10.00 13 6 8.967 0 1.650 2.600 25.00 7.55 6 5 10.133 0 13.400 18.284 15.50 6.30 11 5 9.361 0 18.708 55.000 15.00 7.00 16 6 9.085 0 1.352 1.700 20.00 5.60 6 6 10.067 0170.000 270.000 15.00 8.75 15 5 8.908 0 15.388 46.540 15.00 8.73 9 6 9.632 0 6.555 20.417 5.95 5.95 10 6 8.995 0 40.000 120.000 25.00 6.50 10 5 7.787 0 19.900 46.390 15.00 7.50 9 7 8.890 0 2.450 14.500 9.95 6.25 6 4 8.041 0 3.762 9.500 20.00 6.50 6 5 8.605 0 24.882 81.980 18.00 7.50 8 4 8.639 0 21.187 39.700 20.00 6.00 9 4 8.781 0 3.487 4.113 10.00 6.85 11 4 8.551 0 3.000 8.000 10.00 7.95 9 6 9.306 0 42.100 99.750 9.95 5.73 8 5 8.346 0 20.350 33.379 15.00 7.50 8 4 8.803 0 23.150 35.500 17.50 6.50 8 5 8.942 0 9.866 34.775 15.00 8.25 11 4 8.591 0 42.608 64.840 10.00 6.00 11 6 9.163 0 10.371 30.556 20.00 7.50 8 6 7.683 0 5.164 16.500 14.95 6.95 8 5 7.924 0 31.150 70.515 9.95 7.00 10 4 8.454 0 18.350 42.040 20.00 7.00 6 4 8.429 0200.000 345.379 56.00 11.45 77 9 21.421 1153.960 240.686 27.50 12.75 71 11 21.015 1156.979 494.524 49.50 18.95 54 11 21.015 1 77.262 163.693 40.20 24.93 81 7 21.593 1 71.020 253.440 25.00 20.05 62 10 22.746 1128.000 415.291 29.95 20.57 60 10 22.746 1 56.396 214.157 25.00 20.05 62 10 22.746 1 72.876 173.397 25.00 20.05 62 10 22.746 1132.622 285.000 64.31 8.82 104 8 23.743 1174.450 331.405 25.00 17.00 54 15 21.015 1 97.000 259.000 60.00 10.00 60 8 23.485 1115.111 394.140 35.00 17.00 78 7 20.082 1137.426 349.711 60.00 20.16 39 11 21.793 1 10.466 22.781 35.00 23.93 54 11 21.793 1 87.024 438.651 48.35 10.11 54 9 19.464 1 59.617 125.665 29.95 11.71 62 10 18.040 1 81.142 221.276 25.95 19.85 79 5 12.228 1119.274 410.172 60.00 19.05 100 11 14.483 1 70.379 144.000 33.00 24.75 66 11 16.350 1 54.000 170.167 25.00 19.95 59 11 16.350 1 87.850 119.000 50.00 12.03 80 11 16.350 1 97.925 181.000 45.00 9.43 80 7 21.029 1 45.132 539.821 25.00 11.95 45 9 20.980 1109.250 330.000 60.00 19.85 42 9 20.980 1170.300 270.440 49.95 9.63 78 7 23.052 1462.000 492.990 22.00 12.85 78 6 19.875 1216.474 275.394 25.00 10.26 52 6 19.875 1169.986 329.567 49.95 21.74 42 8 16.840 1102.369 258.357 20.57 12.02 120 9 20.807 1 95.000 232.000 37.91 8.80 61 10 21.149 1206.463 428.436 25.00 19.50 54 10 18.423 1416.650 724.600 65.00 10.95 43 8 16.455 1 97.600 299.903 56.03 10.00 86 7 20.196 1 70.294 160.100 22.50 23.45 40 7 20.055 1

58.000 158.814 62.95 21.15 60 8 20.659 1 81.000 136.000 34.96 9.96 77 6 18.471 1107.308 159.000 40.00 22.97 46 5 18.575 1200.000 346.957 20.00 17.95 35 8 19.901 1 73.711 105.486 22.50 8.26 60 5 18.671 1 48.500 78.200 39.95 12.25 45 5 18.671 1177.758 368.000 54.95 15.69 60 5 19.423 1124.000 195.000 67.78 13.89 78 6 28.597 1 23.443 34.398 59.95 10.00 61 6 28.597 1140.146 235.000 33.02 8.69 77 7 18.236 1 81.905 156.194 60.00 19.45 60 7 19.892 1197.641 314.262 40.00 20.75 50 5 16.315 1 80.964 145.222 19.88 10.36 60 5 18.231 1 1.564 3.489 32.00 19.76 30 5 18.231 1113.492 300.990 25.00 11.58 77 5 18.231 1 92.300 236.536 75.00 9.95 56 9 21.321 1 95.230 228.152 30.00 15.00 54 9 17.367 1 97.226 122.758 25.00 8.11 42 6 18.940 1 91.117 154.479 12.75 9.32 60 5 18.469 1235.754 1201.093 27.95 20.33 44 8 15.556 1 68.732 78.780 21.76 12.61 31 10 15.761 1157.209 320.000 45.00 21.00 39 7 17.866 1171.370 302.289 20.00 8.35 53 7 17.348 1 65.494 86.000 56.44 19.95 40 3 19.895 1 91.915 132.952 31.13 9.31 37 6 15.557 1109.000 200.000 17.00 5.08 78 9 16.345 1 31.574 43.444 30.00 8.96 60 6 17.668 1

DATA7-23 Data are cross section for 76 countries. 1976 data were compiled by Denise Lerner and 1989 data were compiled by Elmer Gamoning. See DATA4-15 and DATA7-17 for data sources. Y = gini coefficient range 0<YT

SAMPLE 1 76READ (DATA7-23) Y gnp gdp pop urb lit edu agr d

0.35 63 2.5 1.7 7 10 0 55 00.46 84 3.6 2.3 18 24 23 50 00.36 73 2.7 2.7 6 5 0 66 00.48 70 5.4 3.0 5 17 2 57 00.52 93 0.3 2.6 12 20 4 37 00.50 92 8.2 3.1 13 58 8 40 00.61 224 5.1 2.7 23 47 8 37 00.50 150 5.1 3.0 30 72 26 26 00.49 150 4.0 2.9 18 41 1 11 00.45 248 5.9 3.5 38 51 11 32 00.54 251 5.1 2.9 47 61 12 34 00.66 202 5.9 3.3 34 67 12 33 00.50 156 4.6 2.1 32 40 12 24 00.43 423 6.5 3.5 34 84 21 29 00.49 427 4.2 2.1 69 84 24 11 00.56 388 4.5 1.7 30 82 43 10 00.52 454 4.9 2.5 35 60 19 12 00.58 464 7.3 3.4 50 62 11 16 00.61 231 8.0 2.9 45 61 11 16 0

0.54 560 7.8 3.1 41 78 29 23 00.61 172 6.1 3.2 43 15 19 17 00.42 460 1.2 0.6 73 90 37 19 00.42 681 4.2 1.4 71 91 31 17 00.52 750 5.9 3.4 68 65 21 6 00.37 341 6.9 0.6 43 80 41 23 00.38 572 7.3 1.1 57 87 23 21 00.30 686 8.5 3.3 78 84 48 11 00.43 91 2.9 2.2 9 9 3 58 00.32 1599 2.9 0.6 78 98 67 4 00.37 1800 3.9 1.7 76 99 73 14 00.31 780 10.5 1.0 63 98 74 15 00.35 1609 4.9 0.8 37 99 56 9 00.32 2057 5.6 1.8 69 98 50 6 00.31 3603 4.3 1.2 70 98 64 4 00.39 2220 4.4 0.7 72 99 55 7 00.4759 2950 -6.3 1.4 86.2 93.9 71 9.6 10.3939 670 9.0 1.5 67.3 98.8 88 11.4 10.3732 16340 2.9 1.5 85.2 99.0 99 4.1 10.4454 11780 2.3 1.8 82.8 98.0 93 5.0 10.2885 200 2.5 1.9 15.2 29.2 12 37.2 10.5245 720 2.9 2.2 54.8 88.2 33 21.0 10.5960 2590 3.3 1.9 73.8 79.9 39 8.5 10.2069 2830 -2.5 0.1 67.1 97.9 75 10.9 10.2741 18970 2.4 1.4 76.6 96.6 99 2.8 10.5788 2060 9.9 1.7 83.2 94.3 76 9.0 10.3600 390 4.2 1.5 25.5 77.8 46 26.4 10.4607 1660 5.7 2.8 46.7 92.6 41 17.2 10.5046 870 12.7 2.2 59.5 74.0 74 17.8 10.2050 22850 5.7 0.3 61.1 99.0 99 6.6 10.3674 400 4.9 3.2 33.7 60.3 40 49.0 10.5906 960 3.9 2.9 39.1 55.1 25 25.6 10.5400 870 3.8 3.1 40.1 73.1 23 21.1 10.2334 2780 0.3 0.4 61.6 98.9 78 15.0 10.3046 370 6.6 2.1 25.3 40.8 43 31.1 10.3274 16050 2.9 0.1 66.7 96.5 75 3.5 10.4353 1560 6.8 0.8 51.0 81.8 61 7.0 10.3760 25450 4.7 0.4 77.1 99.0 97 2.6 10.4835 2240 9.2 2.5 49.0 69.6 58 7.0 10.5498 2210 3.5 3.3 72.0 87.6 56 7.7 10.2960 17130 4.7 0.6 88.7 99.0 97 4.3 10.3658 12610 1.7 0.7 84.6 99.0 84 8.4 10.2440 21990 0.8 0.4 72.1 99.0 99 2.8 10.5647 1990 -0.4 2.0 51.5 88.8 59 11.9 10.2671 1990 1.1 0.5 62.1 98.8 83 12.9 10.2338 1850 -5.9 0.2 52.9 96.7 99 14.4 10.3900 11010 9.2 1.1 100.0 89.1 70 16.7 10.1830 2230 1.0 0.4 56.0 99.0 96 0.7 10.2777 2640 2.7 0.5 73.6 98.0 90 9.7 10.2591 9770 4.8 0.4 75.2 95.8 72 4.8 10.3133 22710 2.4 0.5 83.1 99.0 90 4.2 10.4381 1350 12.2 1.7 18.5 93.3 31 15.1 10.3300 420 6.2 2.5 10.9 56.1 13 56.5 10.3120 15300 2.2 0.3 89.0 99.0 83 1.9 10.4236 2600 2.8 0.9 75.1 95.0 78 2.0 10.3816 22050 1.4 0.6 88.6 98.0 90 12.5 10.4408 2610 -8.9 2.6 89.8 90.0 34 6.1 1

DATA8-1: Data on annual (1995) salary for professors at the seven

universities: UC Berkeley, UCLA, UC San Diego, Illinois, Michigan, Stanford, and Virginia. This data set is the same as DATA3-11, but arranged in increasing order of YEARS for the Breusch-Pagan Test of Heterscedasticity. salary = annual salary in thousands of dollars (Range 41.3 - 153) years = number of years since Ph.D. (Range 1 - 45)

SAMPLE 1 222READ (DATA8-1) SALARY YEARS

52.000 1 50.000 1 50.000 1 53.000 2 53.000 2 52.500 2 48.700 2 50.250 2 50.250 2 51.000 2 55.000 3 53.000 3 52.000 3 52.400 3 50.000 3 50.500 3 50.000 3 50.000 3 51.000 3 48.200 4 50.500 4 50.500 4 45.800 4 47.200 4 50.000 4 51.000 4 47.900 5 51.000 5 55.000 5 47.900 5 46.000 5 54.445 5 51.850 5 55.000 6 55.000 6 63.300 6 50.700 6 60.000 6 54.000 6 51.300 7 70.000 7 65.000 7 62.400 7 74.000 7 52.650 7 51.750 7 54.000 7

53.900 8 56.500 8 48.000 8 48.000 8 51.900 8 64.800 8 69.000 8 70.000 9 70.000 9 47.800 9 64.000 9 53.500 9 60.600 10 56.500 10 43.900 10 86.000 10 80.000 10 68.000 10 73.000 10 60.500 10 57.500 10 78.500 11 49.500 11 74.000 11 58.000 11 80.000 12 90.100 12 82.200 12 92.600 12 82.000 12 65.700 12 61.200 12 66.000 12 98.200 13 78.200 13 80.000 13 75.000 13 70.500 13 62.900 13120.500 13 57.850 13 66.000 14 75.300 14 66.300 14108.000 14 88.600 14 51.900 14 48.700 14 55.000 14104.000 15 55.600 15 89.000 15 90.000 15135.000 15 83.000 16 94.900 16 81.500 16121.000 16 93.100 17

128.100 17 84.400 17105.155 17 78.200 18108.500 18 88.000 18 98.500 18121.000 18 93.000 18 91.200 19 91.300 19 55.900 19 91.500 19 74.000 19104.000 19 76.200 19 98.000 20128.000 20 90.000 20 83.000 20 82.000 20 63.600 21 88.600 21 87.168 21 85.500 21 90.045 21 68.000 21 58.100 22 81.900 22 67.000 22 94.300 22114.500 22 90.000 22121.000 22115.700 22 81.500 23 55.300 23 98.000 23122.500 23 78.300 24102.800 24100.500 24 64.200 25 86.700 25 60.400 25 78.300 25 73.000 25 98.000 25 83.800 25100.200 25 68.100 25107.500 25103.500 26117.500 26 41.300 26 53.500 26121.000 26116.500 26100.000 26

97.000 26 66.500 26 91.300 27 74.600 27 75.500 27 85.000 27 83.200 27 83.600 27 87.000 27 70.000 27 74.300 28107.000 28126.000 28121.000 28114.920 28107.640 28153.000 28 72.500 29100.600 29 72.200 29 78.300 29 66.700 29 85.500 29103.000 29 91.300 30100.400 30104.000 30 72.100 30 92.500 30121.000 30 88.000 31 99.300 31 77.500 31 87.500 31113.330 31129.000 32114.400 33 91.000 33 72.200 34 77.000 34 74.400 34115.485 34114.500 34115.200 35 80.000 35 71.200 35105.200 36 80.100 36108.300 37 97.800 37121.000 37 87.700 38112.000 40109.650 40 97.400 42 95.800 44135.000 45

DATA8-2: Aggregate personal income and expenditures on domestic travel (1993) for U.S. States and the D.C. Source: 1995 Statistical Abstract of the U.S. exptrav = Travel expenditures in billions of dollars, Table 428, Page 266. (Range 0.708 - 42.48). income = Personal Income in billions of dollars, Table 712, Page 460. (Range 9.3 - 683.5). pop = Population is in millions, Table 27, Page 28. (Range 0.47 - 31.217).

SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA8-2) exptrav income pop

1.142 9.300 0.470 1.030 11.200 0.576 3.169 17.100 0.579 1.085 13.800 0.598 0.828 10.900 0.637 0.836 15.300 0.698 0.834 12.800 0.716 1.434 14.600 0.841 0.708 21.200 1.000 1.462 19.300 1.100 1.408 25.100 1.124 5.866 27.400 1.166 1.483 23.300 1.24012.539 31.600 1.382 1.751 31.700 1.613 2.695 26.400 1.616 1.371 29.400 1.818 2.712 30.000 1.860 2.745 38.800 2.426 2.457 50.300 2.535 2.236 38.900 2.640 2.746 51.600 2.821 3.795 59.000 3.035 2.698 55.000 3.233 3.458 92.300 3.278 6.122 76.600 3.564 4.831 61.200 3.630 3.567 64.100 3.794 5.525 71.300 3.945 3.682 71.600 4.181 4.848 71.300 4.290 4.492 94.900 4.524 4.922 118.500 4.958 4.453 99.900 5.044 6.779 93.900 5.094 6.215 102.400 5.235 5.318 114.500 5.259 4.220 109.600 5.706 7.452 146.900 6.018 9.076 140.200 6.473 9.186 132.900 6.902 7.884 129.800 6.952

11.134 211.200 7.859 7.498 194.700 9.460 8.546 217.900 11.06113.804 263.600 11.68610.060 256.000 12.03028.629 283.400 13.72620.215 345.000 18.02219.950 450.600 18.15342.480 683.500 31.217

DATA8-3: Aggregate personal income and expenditures on health care, both measured in billions of dollars, 1993, for U.S. States and D.C. U.S. Population is in millions Source: 1995 Statistical Abstract of the U.S. Population, Table 27, Page 28, Range 0.47 - 31.217 Personal Income, Table 712, Page 460, Range 9.3 -683.5 Personal Health Care Expenditures, Table 153, Page 111 (Range 0.998 - 94.178) Seniors is percent 65 or over in 1993, Source: 1994 Statistical Abstract of the U.S., Page 32, Range 4.4 - 18.6SAMPLE 1 51READ (DATA8-3) exphlth income pop seniors

0.998 9.3 0.470 10.9 1.499 11.2 0.576 12.0 4.285 17.1 0.579 13.3 1.573 13.8 0.598 4.4 2.021 10.9 0.637 14.8 2.260 15.3 0.698 12.4 1.953 12.8 0.716 14.7 2.103 14.6 0.841 13.4 3.428 21.2 1.000 15.5 2.277 19.3 1.100 11.8 3.452 25.1 1.124 11.9 3.485 27.4 1.166 11.7 3.433 23.3 1.240 13.7 3.747 31.6 1.382 11.1 4.400 31.7 1.613 14.2 3.878 26.4 1.616 11.0 5.197 29.4 1.818 15.3 4.118 30.0 1.860 8.9 6.111 38.8 2.426 15.0 6.903 50.3 2.535 13.9 6.187 38.9 2.640 12.5 7.341 51.6 2.821 15.5 7.999 59.0 3.035 13.8 8.041 55.0 3.233 13.612.216 92.3 3.278 14.110.066 76.6 3.564 10.0 9.029 61.2 3.630 11.710.384 64.1 3.794 12.710.635 71.3 3.945 13.412.060 71.6 4.181 13.013.014 71.3 4.290 11.314.194 94.9 4.524 12.615.154 118.5 4.958 11.114.502 99.9 5.044 13.416.203 93.9 5.094 12.815.949 102.4 5.235 14.2

15.129 114.5 5.259 11.616.401 109.6 5.706 12.723.421 146.9 6.018 14.0 6.682 140.2 6.473 11.020.104 132.9 6.902 10.118.241 129.8 6.952 12.525.741 211.2 7.859 13.627.136 194.7 9.460 12.433.456 217.9 11.061 13.334.747 263.6 11.686 12.641.521 256.0 12.030 15.844.811 283.4 13.726 18.649.816 345.0 18.022 10.267.033 450.6 18.153 13.194.178 683.5 31.217 10.6

DATA9-1: Data for the demand for ice cream Source: Hildreth-Lu paper, Table D16, page 73 Four week periods from March 18, 1951 to July 11, 1953 demand = per capita consumption of ice cream in pints (Range 0.256 - 0.548) income = weekly family income in dollars (Range 76 - 96) price = price of ice cream in dollars per pint (Range 0.26 - 0.292) temp = mean temperature in Fahrenheit (Range 24 - 72)

SAMPLE 1 30READ (DATA9-1) demand income price temp

0.386 78 0.270 410.374 79 0.282 560.393 81 0.277 630.425 80 0.280 680.406 76 0.272 690.344 78 0.262 650.327 82 0.275 610.288 79 0.267 470.269 76 0.265 320.256 79 0.277 240.286 82 0.282 280.298 85 0.270 260.329 86 0.272 320.318 83 0.287 400.381 84 0.277 550.381 82 0.287 630.470 80 0.280 720.443 78 0.277 720.386 84 0.277 670.342 86 0.277 600.319 85 0.292 440.307 87 0.287 400.284 94 0.277 320.326 92 0.285 270.309 95 0.282 280.359 96 0.265 330.376 94 0.265 410.416 96 0.265 52

0.437 91 0.268 640.548 90 0.260 71

DATA9-2: Annual data on U.S. discount rate, money supply, and government deficits. Source: 1996 Economic Report of the President r = discount rate (%), Table B-69, p. 360, Range 3 - 13.42 M = M2 in billions of current dollars, Table B-65, p. 355 (Range 312.3 - 3780.7) D = Federal deficit in billions of current dollars, Table B-74, p. 367 (Range -3.2 - 290.4)

SAMPLE 1 36* Sample period 1960-1995READ (DATA9-2) year r M D

1960 3.53 312.3 -0.31961 3.00 335.5 3.31962 3.00 362.7 7.11963 3.23 393.2 4.81964 3.55 424.8 5.91965 4.04 459.3 1.41966 4.50 480.0 3.71967 4.19 524.3 8.61968 5.16 566.3 25.21969 5.87 589.5 -3.21970 5.95 628.1 2.81971 4.88 712.7 23.01972 4.50 805.2 23.41973 6.44 861.0 14.91974 7.83 908.5 6.11975 6.25 1023.2 53.21976 5.50 1163.7 73.71977 5.46 1286.5 53.71978 7.46 1388.6 59.21979 10.28 1496.9 40.71980 11.77 1629.3 73.81981 13.42 1793.3 79.01982 11.02 1953.2 128.01983 8.50 2187.7 207.81984 8.80 2378.4 185.41985 7.69 2576.0 212.31986 6.33 2820.3 221.21987 5.66 2922.3 149.81988 6.20 3083.5 155.21989 6.93 3243.0 152.51990 6.98 3356.0 221.41991 5.45 3457.9 269.21992 3.25 3515.3 290.41993 3.00 3583.6 255.11994 3.60 3617.0 203.21995 5.21 3780.7 163.8

DATA9-3: Quarterly data from 1972.2 through 1993.4 for San Diego Gas and Electric Company reskwh = kilowatt-hour sales to residential customers (millions) at quarterly rates (Range 586.608 - 1512.306) nocust = average number of residential customers (thousands)

(Range 459.903 - 1007.706) price = average price in cents per kwh for the single family rate tariff (Range 2.207 - 12.42) cpi = San Diego consumer price index (1982-84 = 100) (Range 36.54 - 150.9) incm = Total personal income in millions of current dollars in San Diego county, at quarterly rates (Range 1815.148 - 13870.889) cdd = cooling degree days - summation over the quarter of max[(daily max+min/2) - 65, 0], Range 0.374 - 973.493. hdd = heating degree days - summation ver the quarter of max[(65 - (daily max+min/2), 0], Range 0.042 - 950.17. pop = San Diego county population (thousands), Range 1422.64 - 2678.544.

SAMPLE 1 87* Sample period 1972.2-1993.4READ (DATA9-3) period reskwh nocust price cpi incm cdd hdd pop

1972.2 586.608 459.903 2.250 36.540 1815.148 75.335 285.451 1422.6401972.3 625.797 467.130 2.207 36.984 1863.625 581.389 3.015 1434.9221972.4 704.154 476.188 2.370 37.486 1915.929 103.646 402.203 1447.8421973.1 817.206 483.329 2.295 37.900 1967.750 0.435 833.673 1462.7831973.2 667.642 489.866 2.454 38.639 2020.041 57.923 397.441 1475.7201973.3 661.827 498.285 2.487 39.733 2077.095 410.773 6.798 1487.2691973.4 732.839 506.800 2.526 40.354 2138.914 117.642 365.674 1497.4281974.1 796.876 512.824 2.712 41.448 2202.625 0.374 826.140 1502.2131974.2 655.335 517.733 3.254 42.896 2264.497 40.035 325.475 1512.3361974.3 692.599 524.639 3.394 44.315 2329.736 514.421 5.572 1526.4621974.4 768.172 531.437 3.494 45.380 2398.341 140.399 328.867 1544.5891975.1 877.881 535.785 3.497 46.473 2462.662 1.399 950.170 1568.3751975.2 722.124 539.371 3.646 46.946 2531.149 13.105 557.091 1586.5681975.3 697.671 545.028 3.829 48.040 2607.868 344.041 44.112 1603.1961975.4 804.178 551.368 4.193 48.750 2692.821 149.864 392.326 1618.2611976.1 880.008 556.996 4.349 49.459 2783.068 11.815 759.206 1632.1201976.2 763.618 562.832 4.455 50.051 2868.182 62.011 340.030 1647.1731976.3 790.428 569.214 4.446 50.878 2957.082 564.732 9.828 1661.8271976.4 860.741 577.596 4.417 51.410 3049.768 310.182 183.902 1676.0801977.1 946.673 585.285 4.385 52.209 3128.320 9.415 655.552 1689.3201977.2 793.593 593.077 4.464 53.391 3220.589 23.149 433.728 1703.5651977.3 820.803 600.232 4.522 54.426 3331.884 564.823 8.986 1718.4221977.4 876.286 610.294 4.561 55.165 3462.207 200.742 190.146 1733.8921978.1 993.199 618.782 4.741 56.214 3610.249 14.334 543.892 1750.4561978.2 842.539 625.529 4.991 57.796 3741.214 159.433 228.523 1765.9361978.3 893.369 634.131 5.123 60.368 3875.558 578.080 6.444 1780.9401978.4 998.721 643.019 5.006 62.024 4013.279 261.622 379.944 1795.4681979.1 1135.091 649.268 5.005 64.477 4106.105 3.866 934.098 1811.5031979.2 901.289 655.771 5.144 67.493 4246.652 104.041 298.000 1826.0441979.3 942.471 662.934 5.694 70.434 4398.017 653.600 5.538 1838.5701979.4 1024.852 672.787 5.627 73.258 4560.198 242.882 259.485 1849.0821980.1 1068.690 678.791 5.893 75.726 4727.151 8.451 517.257 1856.7451980.2 914.884 683.517 6.909 79.732 4889.496 58.324 327.094 1867.2401980.3 930.812 687.818 9.082 80.072 5059.268 626.421 10.393 1878.5481980.4 969.382 693.819 9.370 82.511 5236.466 146.825 267.308 1890.6671981.1 1028.968 698.543 9.644 85.852 5452.076 21.760 531.506 1904.2571981.2 883.718 702.322 9.501 87.951 5630.532 170.835 194.061 1916.386

1981.3 958.449 706.307 9.470 91.542 5777.176 839.646 0.042 1927.8651981.4 980.453 710.868 9.254 94.987 5892.008 162.816 262.171 1938.6931982.1 1062.744 714.317 10.617 94.913 5966.750 6.990 693.715 1949.4701982.2 887.136 716.701 10.940 97.322 6080.815 67.913 275.015 1960.2991982.3 933.269 718.679 11.129 97.618 6201.754 612.722 11.380 1970.5141982.4 978.160 721.649 11.001 95.105 6329.566 205.628 321.892 1980.1171983.1 1020.435 723.832 11.952 96.435 6433.198 6.365 617.636 1987.3891983.2 917.487 726.287 12.235 98.150 6560.531 78.633 282.179 1996.9811983.3 975.387 730.103 12.065 99.865 6720.206 789.129 2.167 2008.2961983.4 998.109 735.890 11.823 101.195 6912.224 346.406 236.341 2021.3351984.1 1015.545 741.208 11.232 102.806 7136.670 8.145 546.415 2035.9521984.2 919.639 746.641 10.959 104.358 7329.564 158.319 161.105 2049.0011984.3 1040.188 753.684 11.444 104.713 7524.809 973.493 1.743 2062.2241984.4 1082.732 761.885 11.591 107.521 7722.403 265.423 348.535 2075.6231985.1 1164.663 768.456 12.177 108.393 7926.972 4.391 898.237 2086.7271985.2 945.277 777.619 12.099 110.005 8124.740 85.409 288.878 2100.1111985.3 1062.046 787.210 12.420 110.877 8317.873 666.831 12.390 2115.9921985.4 1079.565 797.610 12.254 112.045 8506.370 160.274 363.457 2134.3701986.1 1137.534 807.725 11.494 112.503 8696.687 14.938 563.465 2154.7821986.2 992.370 816.428 11.295 113.168 8885.224 85.749 256.396 2173.1771986.3 1087.314 827.405 11.505 113.671 9066.821 475.543 14.197 2192.0981986.4 1107.644 839.905 11.411 114.557 9241.479 54.532 276.348 2211.5431987.1 1263.671 851.421 11.419 116.084 9390.669 7.630 824.568 2231.2171987.2 1054.402 862.399 11.252 117.113 9564.855 85.689 261.436 2250.6641987.3 1107.669 875.061 11.421 117.642 9757.738 336.341 24.277 2270.4241987.4 1214.441 885.997 11.441 118.954 9969.319 211.582 302.727 2290.4961988.1 1335.147 895.657 10.966 121.057 10175.398 10.146 796.765 2309.4691988.2 1122.214 903.766 10.836 122.737 10386.864 86.447 293.702 2329.5321988.3 1238.305 914.192 11.114 124.125 10624.340 500.250 21.026 2351.0311988.4 1233.677 924.501 10.887 125.869 10887.827 121.772 312.976 2373.9671989.1 1432.962 933.047 10.212 127.982 11207.394 11.934 923.997 2398.9301989.2 1156.211 940.333 9.906 129.812 11472.206 105.038 243.342 2421.8851989.3 1276.944 948.572 10.128 131.350 11707.571 466.144 18.066 2444.278

1989.4 1279.626 956.610 10.000 133.243 11913.491 158.546 239.455 2466.1081990.1 1485.453 963.867 9.999 135.494 12151.563 2.181 837.168 2490.8471990.2 1206.455 969.338 9.936 137.499 12358.029 92.239 255.757 2512.7021990.3 1394.055 974.530 10.464 139.579 12499.988 637.219 4.056 2531.0281990.4 1336.979 979.510 10.293 141.017 12577.439 208.948 253.962 2545.8231991.1 1455.121 982.444 10.731 141.650 12559.512 0.931 767.341 2557.2851991.2 1210.595 985.894 10.664 142.748 12636.379 29.863 440.989 2572.0621991.3 1261.056 989.557 10.722 144.098 12743.388 317.790 26.773 2586.5881991.4 1407.925 992.973 10.732 145.299 12880.540 238.148 292.691 2600.8651992.1 1446.215 995.443 11.025 146.622 13045.720 7.030 655.590 2618.4381992.2 1255.008 997.215 10.798 147.377 13183.167 195.158 122.136 2632.7331992.3 1504.511 999.657 10.845 147.278 13323.588 758.238 8.867 2643.4471992.4 1405.336 1001.411 10.790 148.121 13466.983 234.293 296.915 2650.5821993.1 1512.306 1003.300 10.852 150.008 13186.876 4.185 740.822 2652.5871993.2 1241.345 1004.578 10.760 150.791 13615.005 118.341 175.725 2659.7081993.3 1405.036 1005.444 10.967 150.700 13705.649 488.668 5.496 2668.3601993.4 1392.183 1007.706 10.942 150.900 13870.889 149.242 288.292 2678.544

DATA9-4: Annual data on corporate profits (after taxes) and sales of the manufacturing sector in the US, measured in billions of dollars Source: Economic Report of the President, 1996, Table B-89 Range for profits is 23.2 - 85.8 and that for sales is 1060.6 - 2220.9.

SAMPLE 1 21* Sample period 1974-1994READ (DATA9-4) year profits sales

1974 58.7 1060.61975 49.1 1065.21976 64.5 1203.21977 70.4 1328.11978 81.1 1496.41979 98.7 1741.81980 92.6 1912.81981 101.3 2144.71982 70.9 2039.41983 85.8 2114.31984 107.6 2335.0

1985 87.6 2331.41986 83.1 2220.91987 115.6 2378.21988 154.6 2596.21989 136.3 2745.11990 111.6 2810.71991 67.5 2761.11992 23.2 2890.21993 83.9 3015.11994 176.6 3258.4

DATA9-5: Indices of farm inputs and output with 1982 = 100 Source: Economic Report of the President, 1996, Tables B-95 & B-96 output = farm output (Range 51 - 116) labor = farm labor (Range 81 - 278) land = farm real estate (Range 89 - 102) machines = durable equipment (Range 38 - 102) energy = energy used (Range 65 - 125) fert = agricultural chemicals used (Range 35 - 133) seedfeed = seed, feed, and livestock purchases (Range 55 - 102) others = other purchased inputs (Range 73 - 127)

SAMPLE 1 46* Sample period 1948-1993READ (DATA9-5) year output labor land machines energy fert seedfeed others

1948 51 278 92 38 65 35 55 731949 51 272 94 45 72 36 57 741950 51 261 95 52 73 44 56 741951 54 251 97 58 76 43 59 801952 55 243 98 63 79 44 58 821953 55 230 99 66 81 43 60 791954 56 224 100 69 81 44 55 751955 58 227 100 70 83 46 62 781956 58 215 101 71 83 51 64 781957 57 201 101 69 82 49 67 801958 60 192 101 68 80 50 71 831959 62 191 101 68 81 57 72 951960 63 186 101 69 82 59 71 951961 65 181 98 68 84 62 68 931962 65 179 97 67 85 56 70 941963 67 174 97 67 86 62 73 951964 67 164 97 67 88 67 71 931965 68 160 96 69 89 72 70 941966 68 149 95 71 90 83 75 951967 71 142 98 73 90 79 75 951968 72 137 96 76 90 68 76 941969 73 135 95 78 92 73 81 921970 73 133 95 78 92 76 83 891971 78 131 97 79 90 80 81 861972 78 129 95 79 89 85 83 871973 81 129 99 81 90 95 83 941974 77 120 100 85 86 100 82 991975 81 120 99 89 101 92 78 971976 83 118 100 91 113 101 82 1001977 88 114 100 94 119 99 78 1021978 89 110 99 96 125 109 90 119

1979 95 106 100 99 113 120 97 1271980 91 102 102 102 110 133 102 1161981 100 102 102 102 106 132 97 1091982 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1001983 88 95 93 95 97 93 102 1061984 99 95 98 91 100 106 92 1091985 103 91 97 86 90 100 93 1031986 100 85 95 80 84 110 94 931987 102 84 91 74 93 101 91 971988 95 86 91 70 93 92 89 861989 103 85 92 67 92 96 86 911990 108 85 91 65 92 98 93 1031991 108 87 91 63 92 103 91 1101992 116 82 91 61 92 103 96 1141993 108 81 89 60 92 106 96 126

DATA9-6: Data on log(money), log(income) and interest rate from US Source: Stock and Watson (1993) Econometrica - unsmoothed data Period is 1900-1989 (annual data). Data compiled by Graham Elliott.

SAMPLE 1 90* Sample period 1900-1989READ (DATA9-6) lmoney lincome intrate

-.373867141813 .903019518493 4.380 -.230256019461 1.013103823866 4.280 -.183963336832 1.011481654118 4.920 -.145262403398 1.055406571108 5.470 -.119817664514 1.033152718840 4.200 -.033967692605 1.110300195095 4.400 .008577207789 1.235220105533 5.680 .055783505000 1.243617481747 6.340 -.049299459578 1.129233362741 4.370 -.044723118417 1.257672657103 3.980 -.016439528227 1.274864246326 5.010 .031009737411 1.291970623712 4.030 .039201316752 1.343539355005 4.740 .041698099166 1.389246014272 5.580 .082007399510 1.285821118827 4.790 .193730597840 1.315795011197 3.450 .224148049441 1.475856814295 3.420 .173224856957 1.449152189657 4.740 .159924888734 1.543238656920 5.870 .266238730125 1.583120206187 5.420 .121099322904 1.531891035947 7.370 .166720983289 1.488527134690 6.530 .318104492857 1.558068703720 4.420 .299371339039 1.698251636114 4.970 .374252870749 1.726302455309 3.900 .421143509994 1.749585658296 4. .391080643539 1.817923589940 4.230 .429682876976 1.827657847719 4.020 .449306970473 1.843084282724 4.840 .450230813534 1.904623077432 5.780 .437374639220 1.789383587521 3.550 .436145767025 1.698796332555 2.630

.485277541083 1.500541803381 2.720 .469798414045 1.465431339348 1.670 .548379416729 1.566798627553 .880 .732668008029 1.724049693434 .750 .824181896305 1.843672987624 .750 .756660880356 1.930959080201 .940 .848482378856 1.848603297899 .860 .982547751851 1.926093942760 .720 1.123084437428 2.018275745697 .810 1.185907513006 2.131855763405 .700 1.325510139868 2.276417509776 .690 1.445245899780 2.350274446993 .720 1.501289531588 2.363659914324 .750 1.579082027684 2.329062213917 .750 1.619719105201 2.245169435698 .810 1.587449625706 2.277181141236 1.058333333333 1.527032347838 2.314891015313 1.460833333333 1.524112228812 2.310691680527 1.464166666667 1.531748258847 2.396007411184 1.493333333333 1.531750651383 2.498550323254 2.207500 1.566973487584 2.536289721406 2.325 1.575044101356 2.574683947608 2.499166666667 1.572803323034 2.555728655469 1.532500 1.572596611166 2.612629923494 2.312500 1.552638299114 2.629744255988 3.363333333333 1.523077261807 2.644316315624 3.803333333333 1.513477306632 2.632855666002 2.453333333333 1.525368194699 2.692379777345 4.099166666667 1.506693953930 2.713235021761 3.690 1.516561075381 2.739555040068 2.980 1.518340032227 2.794970712074 3.267500 1.532145782011 2.834789743437 3.610 1.553280814566 2.888234333307 3.987500 1.569666472101 2.946409270905 4.430 1.580714935036 3.004007597506 5.622500 1.592009796166 3.030337332606 5.100 1.611016652402 3.070850738468 5.974166666667 1.614871243235 3.092006090312 8.013333333333 1.596062698200 3.084427575000 7.406666666667 1.607126117527 3.111800618366 5.023333333333 1.628829345484 3.159401926643 4.866666666667 1.634150839864 3.211331193700 8.390833333333 1.598450312858 3.199665859379 9.722500 1.551968684481 3.181976942480 6.148333333333 1.544743464456 3.230117094952 5.300833333333 1.556031407750 3.276914183830 5.782500 1.566424325826 3.329559169498 8.288333333333 1.556168564486 3.350305519053 11.107500 1.529560351912 3.343136748748 12.494166666667 1.509581312544 3.360011282664 14.610 1.511089789416 3.326051691778 11.452500 1.574237557212 3.362372977725 8.980 1.602823183317 3.432439285680 10.070833333333 1.656349316316 3.463516239026 7.961666666667 1.756292016409 3.489005710264 6.239166666667 1.833830508224 3.524696306461 6.937500 1.840472326761 3.568033951828 7.854166666667 1.805991498060 3.593344535410 8.707500

DATA9-7: Quarterly data compiled by Ophir Gottlieb ** all real dollar data are in 1982-84 dollars ** YEAR = 1975.1 - 1990.4 QNC = number of new cars sold (in thous.) - Wards Automotive Yearbook, Range 1754 - 3337. PRICE = average real price index of a new car, Economic Report of the President, Range 60.2 - 121.4. INCOME = per capita disposable personal income in thousands of 1982 dollars - Citibase data series, Range 8.985 - 11.93. PRIME = prime interest rate (in %) - Economic Report of the President, Range 4.89 - 15.08. UNEMP = unemployment rate (in %) - Employment and Earnings, Range 4.4 - 8.7. STOCK = number of cars on road (in thousands) - Statistical Abstract of the U.S., Range 79.231 - 107.585. POP = Population in millions - Interpolated from annual values from the Economic Report of the President, Range 215.973 - 251.966. WINTER = 1 for the winter quarter and 0 otherwise. The other seasonal dummies are defined similarly.

SAMPLE 1 64* Sample period 1975.1-1990.4READ (DATA9-7) YEAR QNC PRICE INCOME PRIME UNEMP STOCK POP & WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL

1975.1 1923 60.2 8.985 8.98 8.7 93.145 215.973 1 0 0 01975.2 2165 62.9 9.176 7.32 8.6 93.845 216.489 0 1 0 01975.3 2198 62.8 9.167 7.56 8.3 95.241 217.004 0 0 1 01975.4 2328 63.9 9.307 7.58 8.3 95.846 217.520 0 0 0 11976.1 2381 65.4 9.376 6.83 7.5 96.456 218.035 1 0 0 01976.2 2788 66.2 9.439 6.90 7.5 97.190 218.586 0 1 0 01976.3 2416 66.6 9.474 7.09 7.8 97.818 219.137 0 0 1 01976.4 2513 68.6 9.454 6.54 7.9 98.294 219.688 0 0 0 11977.1 2617 68.8 9.561 6.25 7.3 98.791 220.239 1 0 0 01977.2 3195 69.3 9.586 6.47 7.1 98.397 220.826 0 1 0 01977.3 2668 70.2 9.716 6.90 6.9 99.904 221.412 0 0 1 01977.4 2688 72.0 9.793 7.67 6.3 100.631 221.999 0 0 0 11978.1 2540 74.2 9.813 7.98 6.2 101.319 222.585 1 0 0 01978.2 3337 74.6 10.037 8.30 5.8 102.222 223.203 0 1 0 01978.3 2713 75.6 10.047 9.14 5.9 102.957 223.820 0 0 1 01978.4 2710 77.2 10.139 10.81 5.9 103.896 224.438 0 0 0 11979.1 2739 78.9 10.176 11.75 5.7 104.845 225.055 1 0 0 01979.2 2942 81.1 10.159 11.72 5.7 105.864 225.723 0 1 0 01979.3 2571 82.3 10.155 12.12 5.8 106.755 226.391 0 0 1 01979.4 2396 83.1 10.094 15.08 5.9 107.585 227.058 0 0 0 11980.1 2511 85.1 10.172 16.40 6.3 106.590 227.726 1 0 0 01980.2 2139 87.3 9.955 16.32 7.3 105.595 228.286 0 1 0 01980.3 2130 88.4 9.977 11.61 7.6 104.600 228.846 0 0 1 01980.4 2189 90.2 10.051 16.73 7.5 104.900 229.406 0 0 0 11981.1 2373 90.8 10.104 19.21 7.4 105.200 229.966 1 0 0 01981.2 2207 91.8 10.053 18.93 7.4 105.500 230.522 0 1 0 01981.3 2192 95.0 10.115 20.32 7.4 105.800 231.077 0 0 1 01981.4 1754 95.5 10.109 17.01 8.1 106.075 231.633 0 0 0 11982.1 1944 96.8 9.976 16.27 8.7 106.350 232.188 1 0 0 0

1982.2 2094 96.7 10.099 16.50 9.3 106.625 232.718 0 1 0 01982.3 1910 98.0 10.047 14.72 9.8 106.900 233.248 0 0 1 01982.4 2032 97.9 10.008 11.96 10.5 107.425 233.770 0 0 0 11983.1 2045 98.5 10.086 10.67 10.2 107.950 234.307 1 0 0 01983.2 2505 99.2 10.143 10.50 10.0 108.475 234.817 0 1 0 01983.3 2237 99.8 10.269 10.67 9.2 109.000 235.328 0 0 1 01983.4 2394 100.9 10.381 11.00 8.4 109.750 235.838 0 0 0 11984.1 2584 101.6 10.609 11.00 7.8 110.500 236.348 1 0 0 01984.2 2895 102.3 10.706 12.00 7.4 111.250 236.878 0 1 0 01984.3 2448 102.9 10.758 12.92 7.3 112.000 237.407 0 0 1 01984.4 2463 103.5 10.773 11.33 7.2 112.675 237.937 0 0 0 11985.1 2644 104.5 10.922 10.50 7.2 113.350 238.466 1 0 0 01985.2 2988 105.5 11.038 10.00 7.2 114.025 239.012 0 1 0 01985.3 2968 106.1 10.926 9.50 7.1 114.700 239.559 0 0 1 01985.4 2442 106.9 10.960 9.50 7.0 115.350 240.105 0 0 0 11986.1 2600 107.8 11.090 9.33 6.9 116.000 240.651 1 0 0 01986.2 3046 108.9 11.381 8.50 7.1 116.650 241.189 0 1 0 01986.3 3124 111.2 11.252 7.67 6.9 117.300 241.728 0 0 1 01986.4 2689 112.3 11.227 7.50 6.8 117.925 242.266 0 0 0 11987.1 2341 114.1 11.271 7.50 6.5 118.550 242.804 1 0 0 01987.2 2767 113.5 10.877 7.83 6.2 119.175 243.358 0 1 0 01987.3 2785 115.1 11.263 8.25 5.9 119.800 243.913 0 0 1 01987.4 2382 115.6 11.441 8.75 5.8 120.225 244.467 0 0 0 11988.1 2636 115.1 11.520 8.58 5.6 120.650 245.021 1 0 0 01988.2 2864 115.7 11.586 8.67 5.4 121.075 245.601 0 1 0 01988.3 2556 117.0 11.794 9.50 5.4 121.500 246.182 0 0 1 01988.4 2486 118.5 11.875 10.17 5.2 121.825 246.762 0 0 0 11989.1 2337 118.4 11.820 10.83 5.1 122.150 247.342 1 0 0 01989.2 2757 119.2 11.829 11.33 5.2 122.475 247.985 0 1 0 01989.3 2631 119.2 11.905 10.50 5.2 122.800 248.628 0 0 1 01989.4 2053 119.5 11.866 10.50 5.3 122.925 249.270 0 0 0 11990.1 2310 121.2 11.921 10.00 5.2 123.050 249.913 1 0 0 01990.2 2532 120.4 11.925 10.00 5.2 123.175 250.597 0 1 0 01990.3 2358 120.4 11.930 10.00 5.5 123.300 251.282 0 0 1 01990.4 2100 121.4 11.703 10.00 5.9 123.300 251.966 0 0 0 1

DATA9-8: Annual data for estimating Domestic Revenue Passenger Miles. Source: Statistical Abstract of United States, 1947-1987. Data compiled by GRAHAM RUSHALL. pop = population in millions (Range 144.83 - 243.915) rpm = domestic revenue passenger miles in billions (Range 6 - 324.5) nop = number of operators (airlines), Range 31 - 106. oprev = operating revenue from passengers in millions of dollars (Range 256 - 37309) gnp = gross national product of United States in billions of dollars (Range 232.2 - 4526.7) accid = number of American planes in an accident (Range 12 - 69) fatal = number of fatalities from aircraft accidents (Range 0 - 460) regu = dummy variable for airline regulation/deregulation = for 1 1979-87 and 0 for 1947-78.

SAMPLE 1 41* Sample period 1947-1987READ (DATA9-8) year pop rpm nop oprev gnp accid fatal regu

1947 144.083 6.1 40 256 232.2 52 255 01948 146.730 6.0 44 312 257.3 67 158 01949 149.304 6.7 50 389 257.3 43 110 01950 152.271 8.0 54 445 284.8 41 165 01951 154.878 10.6 50 591 328.2 55 210 01952 157.553 12.5 48 695 345.4 56 157 01953 160.184 14.8 46 804 363.2 43 105 01954 163.026 16.8 47 906 361.2 54 23 01955 165.931 19.9 47 1065 398.0 46 225 01956 168.903 22.4 43 1193 419.2 53 156 01957 171.984 25.4 44 1348 442.8 51 78 01958 174.882 25.3 45 1432 444.5 63 149 01959 177.830 29.3 45 1722 482.8 69 310 01960 180.671 30.6 49 1860 507.0 67 378 01961 183.691 31.1 41 1951 520.1 58 135 01962 186.538 33.6 45 2167 560.3 43 183 01963 189.242 38.5 45 2374 589.2 49 145 01964 191.889 44.1 44 2701 628.7 53 226 01965 194.303 51.9 49 3142 691.0 63 253 01966 196.560 60.6 49 3534 749.9 54 72 01967 198.712 75.5 44 4260 793.5 51 255 01968 200.706 87.5 37 4913 865.7 54 298 01969 202.677 102.7 37 5943 932.3 48 152 01970 205.052 104.1 36 6359 1015.5 39 3 01971 207.661 106.4 38 6736 1063.4 41 194 01972 209.896 118.1 35 7565 1171.0 43 186 01973 211.909 126.3 33 8379 1307.0 32 217 01974 213.854 129.7 31 9903 1434.0 43 460 01975 215.973 131.7 35 10290 1598.4 29 122 01976 218.035 145.3 32 12104 1783.0 21 36 01977 220.239 156.6 32 13772 1991.0 18 75 01978 222.585 182.7 36 15753 2250.0 19 16 01979 225.055 208.9 52 18930 2508.0 18 352 11980 227.757 200.8 63 23317 2732.0 15 0 11981 230.138 198.7 98 25504 3052.6 25 4 11982 232.520 210.1 98 25440 3166.0 15 233 11983 234.799 226.9 96 27346 3405.7 22 15 11984 237.001 243.7 95 31437 3772.2 12 4 11985 239.279 270.6 106 33343 4014.9 17 197 11986 241.613 302.1 93 33814 4240.3 20 0 11987 243.915 324.5 93 37309 4526.7 31 231 1

DATA9-9 Quarterly data on the number of new car sales in the U.S., Compiled by Brian Robertson. period = 1976.1 - 1990.4 nocars = number of new car sales, in thousands Source: Wards Automotive Yearbook, various years. Range 1280.413 - 2775.774. pop = population, in millions, Source: Economic Report of the President, various years, Range 218.035 - 251.966. Y = disposable personal income per capita, in thousands of 1982 dollars, Source: Citibase Data Series. Range 9.376 - 11.930. price = New car price index, 1982 base year. Source: Economic Report of the President, various years. Range 68.3 - 122.0. primert = Prime interest rate charged by banks (%), Source: Economic

Report of the President, various years. Range 6.3 - 20.3. unemp = unemployment rate (%), Source: Economic Report of the President, various years, Range 5.0 - 10.6.

SAMPLE 1 60* Sample period 1976.1-1990.4READ (DATA9-9) period nocars pop Y price primert unemp

1976.1 2053.919 218.035 9.376 68.3 6.8 7.71976.2 2410.397 218.586 9.439 68.9 6.8 7.51976.3 1996.812 219.137 9.474 68.3 7.1 7.71976.4 2145.445 219.688 9.454 71.4 6.6 7.81977.1 2162.622 220.239 9.561 71.9 6.3 6.71977.2 2574.504 220.826 9.586 71.9 6.5 6.41977.3 2114.055 221.412 9.716 71.9 6.9 6.01977.4 2253.273 221.999 9.793 75.5 7.7 5.71978.1 2055.718 222.585 9.813 77.0 8.0 5.41978.2 2775.774 223.203 10.037 77.5 8.3 5.21978.3 2176.929 223.820 10.047 78.5 9.2 5.21978.4 2299.577 224.438 10.139 80.6 10.9 5.01979.1 2184.622 225.055 10.176 82.6 11.8 5.81979.2 2261.607 225.723 10.159 84.7 11.7 5.71979.3 1993.980 226.391 10.155 85.2 12.2 5.81979.4 1887.846 227.058 10.094 86.7 15.0 5.91980.1 1849.142 227.726 10.172 89.3 16.5 6.31980.2 1550.025 228.286 9.955 90.8 16.4 7.31980.3 1514.511 228.846 9.977 92.3 11.7 7.71980.4 1664.574 229.406 10.051 93.8 16.6 7.41981.1 1732.469 229.966 10.104 93.8 19.5 7.41981.2 1575.560 230.522 10.053 96.9 19.0 7.41981.3 1617.414 231.077 10.115 97.9 20.3 7.41981.4 1280.413 231.633 10.109 99.5 17.2 8.31982.1 1400.688 232.188 9.976 100.0 16.2 8.81982.2 1534.134 232.718 10.099 100.5 16.5 9.41982.3 1327.771 233.248 10.047 101.0 14.7 10.01982.4 1494.065 233.770 10.008 101.5 12.0 10.61983.1 1456.922 234.307 10.086 102.5 10.8 10.41983.2 1878.104 234.817 10.143 102.5 10.5 10.21983.3 1646.131 235.328 10.269 103.0 10.8 9.31983.4 1814.142 235.838 10.381 105.1 11.0 8.51984.1 1994.609 236.348 10.609 105.6 11.1 7.91984.2 2251.734 236.878 10.706 106.1 12.3 7.51984.3 1854.253 237.407 10.758 106.1 13.0 7.41984.4 1850.927 237.937 10.773 107.6 11.7 7.21985.1 2042.281 238.466 10.922 109.1 10.6 7.31985.2 2272.546 239.012 11.038 109.1 10.2 7.31985.3 2217.673 239.559 10.926 109.7 9.5 7.21985.4 1672.204 240.105 10.960 111.2 9.5 7.01986.1 1897.883 240.651 11.090 112.2 9.4 7.01986.2 2242.092 241.189 11.381 113.7 8.6 7.11986.3 2246.897 241.728 11.252 114.8 7.8 7.01986.4 1828.016 242.266 11.227 117.3 7.5 6.81987.1 1669.287 242.804 11.271 114.0 7.5 6.61987.2 1972.834 243.358 10.877 114.0 8.0 6.31987.3 1878.221 243.913 11.263 114.0 8.3 6.01987.4 1560.516 244.467 11.441 116.0 8.9 5.9

1988.1 1914.026 245.021 11.520 116.0 8.6 5.71988.2 2075.911 245.601 11.586 116.0 8.8 5.51988.3 1787.044 246.182 11.794 117.0 9.7 5.51988.4 1762.353 246.762 11.875 119.0 10.3 5.31989.1 1707.420 247.342 11.820 120.0 11.0 5.21989.2 2018.595 247.985 11.829 119.0 11.4 5.21989.3 1898.516 248.628 11.905 118.0 10.6 5.31989.4 1453.551 249.270 11.866 120.0 10.5 5.31990.1 1706.235 249.913 11.921 122.0 10.1 5.31990.2 1878.246 250.597 11.925 121.0 10.0 5.31990.3 1752.063 251.282 11.930 119.0 10.0 5.61990.4 1560.344 251.966 11.703 122.0 10.0 6.0

DATA9-10: STORE SALES OF A DEL MAR SUPERMARKET Data compiled by James McMillen Y = weekly sales from week-end 1-6-91 to 4-26-92 (in thousands) (Range 257.803 - 336.274) X2 = labor dollars for store week-end (in thousands) (Range 22.064 - 32.499) X3 = weekly sales of same week last year lag_52 (in thousands) (287.755 - 407.501) X4 = 1 if holiday week 0 if not X5 = 1 if summer time 0 if not X6 = 1 if race season at Del Mar race track X7 = 1 if top 5 holiday week X8 = 1 if Del Mar fair is at the Fairgounds X9 = 1 if adjcent stores close X10 = 1 if construction or closer or area streets X11 = % of reduction in the price of items in the add (Range 28.28 - 57.27) X12 = 1 if there was a special promo for the week at 1/2 price sales X13 = average weekly water temp. at Del Mar (Range 56.57 - 67.86) X14 = average weekly high air temp. at Del Mar (Range 63.43 - 79.43) X15 = average weekly low air temp. at Del Mar (Range 38 - 67) X16 = total rain fall in Del Mar for the week (Range 0 - 2.935)

SAMPLE 1 69READ (DATA9-10) Y X2-X16

328.236 31.418 315.243 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 46.52 1 57.43 63.71 46.00 1.895306.577 26.546 319.264 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53.34 0 58.71 64.86 45.00 0.260287.755 26.242 314.373 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37.05 0 58.71 71.57 40.86 0.000308.180 26.371 318.370 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39.08 0 57.57 65.57 41.29 0.000295.343 25.349 322.897 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.17 1 57.00 66.00 40.86 0.000295.525 25.629 309.487 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37.21 0 57.29 67.14 46.29 0.000303.966 25.687 332.638 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48.21 1 58.71 67.43 49.57 0.005300.959 30.665 320.839 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 45.83 1 59.14 68.71 45.14 0.000

301.385 25.926 312.496 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50.66 1 59.86 65.14 51.14 2.935301.824 26.246 305.747 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.79 0 59.43 68.29 47.88 0.005313.037 27.751 323.583 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28.81 0 58.86 63.86 44.43 0.295315.619 27.079 319.882 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43.07 1 58.00 63.43 48.71 2.630336.274 28.229 347.282 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35.87 0 59.29 64.00 47.86 2.190291.238 25.560 304.681 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.94 1 59.00 69.86 51.57 0.005290.100 25.880 305.675 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.64 0 59.71 71.14 46.86 0.000296.384 25.643 311.886 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49.41 0 60.71 68.14 53.57 0.000296.509 26.016 308.914 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.57 1 62.00 69.43 56.43 0.090311.603 26.368 313.424 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45.20 0 63.00 72.29 53.57 0.005303.753 25.501 316.658 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36.71 0 62.43 73.57 53.71 0.000293.053 25.609 311.743 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37.74 1 61.86 71.29 50.00 0.000304.624 27.485 325.193 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35.76 0 62.00 69.71 56.57 0.005303.588 30.774 321.197 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57.27 1 61.57 70.57 54.43 0.000306.095 27.389 307.771 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 43.61 1 62.29 71.14 59.14 0.000310.912 26.538 348.037 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 40.20 0 63.14 71.71 62.14 0.000286.562 25.354 303.262 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 34.90 1 64.29 71.86 59.86 0.000287.975 24.255 339.008 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 48.49 1 66.00 73.14 60.14 0.005328.568 31.843 336.659 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 41.02 0 66.14 73.42 63.14 0.010297.911 25.209 340.503 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 45.96 0 67.00 75.43 63.71 0.000298.536 25.764 315.590 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 40.84 0 67.00 75.00 64.29 0.005318.003 26.943 367.525 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 53.60 1 67.00 75.14 64.71 0.000319.498 27.738 366.888 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 28.28 0 67.00 74.86 64.86 0.360328.475 28.017 367.867 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 37.00 0 66.71 76.00 63.86 0.000316.474 28.316 360.422 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 44.74 1 67.14 77.86 67.00 0.000306.611 28.242 357.401 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 36.90 0 67.00 77.29 66.57 0.000328.398 29.319 366.549 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 44.56 0 67.86 77.57 62.43 0.000304.560 32.499 334.637 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 43.34 0 67.71 76.29 65.57 0.350266.921 26.624 320.041 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43.53 0 66.43 74.43 62.14 0.020

264.511 24.731 307.992 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 42.00 0 67.00 76.43 63.00 0.015260.543 23.283 304.149 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 42.84 1 67.71 79.33 63.33 0.005279.775 23.653 300.041 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 45.21 0 66.71 78.86 63.14 0.000270.141 23.871 301.593 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 35.18 0 66.14 78.57 60.71 0.000274.723 22.064 306.825 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46.52 0 66.14 73.00 60.00 0.000266.309 23.004 289.733 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45.72 0 65.86 73.43 60.29 0.095265.058 23.189 315.322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.25 1 63.29 73.43 43.29 0.005268.419 23.822 315.529 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48.49 0 62.00 75.00 49.14 0.000271.993 28.490 314.992 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.96 0 61.71 73.71 48.43 0.000269.413 24.788 297.365 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32.65 0 60.86 74.43 44.57 0.050313.840 31.546 352.235 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 36.89 0 59.14 68.71 38.43 0.005264.649 24.021 304.853 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46.89 0 57.00 65.14 41.14 0.005286.440 24.377 327.378 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49.60 0 58.00 69.14 46.14 0.235330.869 27.643 407.501 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 41.29 0 57.43 68.14 48.00 0.300319.836 28.239 306.491 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 55.67 1 57.00 66.57 42.57 0.280313.346 30.500 328.236 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 51.93 0 57.00 66.43 45.57 1.300281.598 24.282 306.577 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44.44 0 57.71 66.14 42.43 1.150266.501 24.616 287.755 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.63 0 57.28 69.00 38.00 0.000277.513 24.129 308.180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46.38 0 56.57 69.29 38.43 0.000257.803 23.161 295.343 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.73 0 57.14 70.29 43.14 0.000263.120 24.014 295.525 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34.60 0 57.86 69.14 47.57 1.850286.616 24.753 303.966 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43.56 0 58.00 65.57 53.14 2.005270.022 28.940 300.959 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51.85 1 59.14 70.57 50.71 0.000289.303 24.403 301.385 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38.89 0 59.29 70.57 46.00 0.000268.890 24.637 301.824 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42.34 0 59.29 65.43 51.43 1.870271.621 23.862 313.037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46.56 0 60.57 68.43 54.14 0.020281.666 24.090 315.619 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43.14 0 60.43 69.43 50.86 0.560278.570 25.058 336.274 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 52.13 0 60.86 69.71 54.86 1.405263.262 24.900 291.238 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37.11 0 61.71 70.14 56.00 0.195

260.512 24.323 290.100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41.90 0 62.57 71.71 59.00 0.000315.233 26.587 296.384 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 33.13 0 63.86 74.29 57.57 0.000303.663 25.871 296.509 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 47.86 0 66.43 79.43 55.71 0.000

DATA9-11: Monthly data on the volume of Stock market shares sold, compiled by Brian Wampler. Sources: United States Statistical Abstract, Standard and Poor quarterly reports, Citibase data series, and the University of Alabama Web page at http://bos.business.uab.edu. period = 1980.1 - 1995.09 (189 observations) volume = NYSE reported share volume - measured in millions of shares (Range 674 - 8835) sp500 = S&P's common stock price index - measured in dollars (Range 102.97 - 578.77) tbill = U.S. Treasury bills (3 month) - measured in % (Range 2.84 - 16.295) long = U.S. Treasury bonds (10 + yrs) - measured in % (Range 5.9 - 14.14) gdp = gross domestic product (gdpmon= GDP quarterly/3) measured in billions of dollars (Range 906.467 - 2432.833) cconf = consumer confidence index - measured as 1985=100 (Range 47.3 - 120.7) cexpect = consumer expectations index - measured as 1985=100 (Range 50 - 124.3) csent = University of Michigan's index of consumer sentiment - measured as Feb 1966=100, Range 51.7 - 101.

SAMPLE 1 189* Monthly data 1980.01-1995.09READ (DATA9-11) period volume sp500 tbill long gdp cconf cexpect csent

1980.01 1158 110.87 12.036 10.03 907.633 85.9 71.4 67.01980.02 957 115.34 12.814 11.55 907.633 85.3 74.1 66.91980.03 876 104.69 15.526 11.87 907.633 80.8 70.5 56.51980.04 674 102.97 14.003 10.83 906.467 60.5 50.0 52.71980.05 765 107.69 9.150 9.82 906.467 50.1 50.0 51.71980.06 830 114.55 6.995 9.40 906.467 56.1 62.3 58.71980.07 1022 119.83 8.126 9.83 927.733 65.4 75.4 62.31980.08 966 123.50 9.259 10.53 927.733 70.8 85.0 67.31980.09 1058 126.51 10.321 10.94 927.733 80.3 93.8 73.71980.10 1032 130.22 11.580 11.20 970.533 84.2 99.6 75.01980.11 989 135.65 13.888 11.83 970.533 87.2 102.9 76.71980.12 1025 133.48 15.661 11.89 970.533 78.6 91.1 64.51981.01 956 132.97 14.724 11.65 1014.400 74.4 85.9 71.41981.02 816 128.40 14.905 12.23 1014.400 69.0 78.4 66.91981.03 1175 133.19 13.478 12.15 1014.400 77.8 88.1 66.51981.04 1123 134.43 13.635 12.62 1024.433 81.6 93.1 72.41981.05 906 131.73 16.295 12.96 1024.433 86.9 96.3 76.31981.06 1101 132.28 14.557 12.39 1024.433 83.0 94.0 73.11981.07 954 129.13 14.699 13.05 1054.400 83.5 94.1 74.11981.08 921 129.63 15.612 13.61 1054.400 85.7 96.5 77.21981.09 959 118.27 14.951 14.14 1054.400 77.6 86.6 73.1

1981.10 996 119.80 13.873 14.13 1061.300 75.6 84.7 70.31981.11 988 122.92 11.269 12.68 1061.300 66.9 77.0 62.51981.12 959 123.79 10.926 12.88 1061.300 66.6 82.8 64.31982.01 968 117.28 12.412 13.73 1059.867 64.9 82.5 71.01982.02 972 114.50 13.780 13.63 1059.867 62.3 78.2 66.51982.03 1270 110.84 12.493 12.98 1059.867 56.7 72.4 62.01982.04 1136 116.31 12.821 12.84 1078.233 57.0 77.6 65.51982.05 1027 116.35 12.148 12.67 1078.233 61.4 83.2 67.51982.06 1111 109.70 12.108 13.32 1078.233 56.7 80.1 65.71982.07 1145 109.38 11.914 12.97 1086.167 63.2 89.2 65.41982.08 1673 109.65 9.006 12.15 1086.167 56.9 80.2 65.41982.09 1548 122.43 8.196 11.48 1086.167 58.1 86.1 69.31982.10 2069 132.66 7.750 10.51 1098.500 54.3 78.6 73.41982.11 1857 138.10 8.042 10.18 1098.500 57.4 84.7 72.11982.12 1682 139.37 8.013 10.33 1098.500 59.5 88.6 71.91983.01 1858 144.27 7.810 10.37 1119.833 59.0 87.7 70.41983.02 1615 146.80 8.130 10.60 1119.833 67.6 101.1 74.61983.03 1902 151.88 8.304 10.34 1119.833 79.4 116.5 80.81983.04 1793 157.71 8.252 10.19 1156.467 83.1 119.7 89.11983.05 1953 164.10 8.185 10.21 1156.467 87.7 124.3 93.31983.06 1974 166.39 8.820 10.64 1156.467 87.5 121.0 92.21983.07 1590 166.96 9.120 11.10 1187.933 89.0 119.2 93.91983.08 1706 162.42 9.390 11.42 1187.933 91.2 119.3 90.91983.09 1740 167.16 9.050 11.26 1187.933 91.1 117.3 89.91983.10 1794 167.65 8.710 11.21 1221.800 92.1 117.6 89.31983.11 1815 165.23 8.710 11.32 1221.800 96.7 119.5 91.11983.12 1849 164.36 8.960 11.44 1221.800 103.6 123.2 94.21984.01 2216 166.39 8.930 11.29 1264.267 103.9 122.4 100.11984.02 1933 157.25 9.030 11.44 1264.267 101.0 114.7 97.41984.03 1855 157.44 9.440 11.90 1264.267 101.1 113.1 101.01984.04 1717 157.60 9.690 12.17 1293.067 106.1 119.1 96.11984.05 1940 156.55 9.900 12.89 1293.067 104.8 114.7 98.11984.06 1804 153.12 9.940 13.00 1293.067 105.8 110.6 95.51984.07 1662 151.08 10.130 12.82 1314.433 100.4 104.2 96.61984.08 2528 164.42 10.490 12.23 1314.433 103.1 105.1 99.11984.09 1769 166.11 10.410 11.97 1314.433 100.0 101.4 100.91984.10 2109 164.82 9.970 11.66 1331.467 99.1 102.0 96.31984.11 1758 166.27 8.790 11.25 1331.467 105.4 107.4 95.71984.12 1781 164.48 8.160 11.21 1331.467 97.0 98.7 92.91985.01 2674 171.61 7.760 11.15 1360.100 102.0 102.5 96.01985.02 2194 180.88 8.220 11.35 1360.100 103.1 103.9 93.71985.03 2154 179.42 8.570 11.78 1360.100 96.1 95.9 93.71985.04 1982 180.62 8.000 11.42 1378.467 104.4 105.1 94.61985.05 2350 184.90 7.560 10.96 1378.467 99.6 99.6 91.81985.06 2117 188.89 7.010 10.36 1378.467 102.6 102.7 96.51985.07 2463 192.54 7.050 10.51 1407.300 103.2 102.5 94.01985.08 1924 188.31 7.180 10.59 1407.300 100.9 102.1 92.41985.09 1860 184.06 7.080 10.67 1407.300 96.0 96.3 92.11985.10 2543 186.18 7.170 10.56 1428.367 96.1 94.5 88.41985.11 2445 197.45 7.200 10.08 1428.367 98.1 96.8 90.91985.12 2802 207.26 7.070 9.60 1428.367 98.2 98.2 93.91986.01 2879 208.19 7.040 9.51 1452.733 96.9 96.3 95.61986.02 2899 219.37 7.030 9.07 1452.733 96.0 94.4 95.91986.03 3215 232.33 6.590 8.13 1452.733 95.1 95.5 95.11986.04 3240 237.98 6.060 7.59 1462.233 100.0 99.0 96.21986.05 2680 238.46 6.120 8.02 1462.233 100.2 99.4 94.81986.06 2649 245.30 6.210 8.23 1462.233 100.0 99.7 99.31986.07 3030 240.18 5.840 7.86 1480.800 97.5 96.4 97.71986.08 2702 245.00 5.570 7.72 1480.800 91.7 92.0 94.9

1986.09 3167 238.27 5.190 8.08 1480.800 89.7 89.4 91.91986.10 3017 237.36 5.180 8.04 1500.467 85.8 86.1 95.61986.11 2941 245.09 5.350 7.81 1500.467 89.7 92.0 91.41986.12 3261 248.61 5.490 7.67 1500.467 93.2 92.2 89.11987.01 4041 264.51 5.450 7.60 1521.867 85.4 85.6 90.41987.02 3486 280.93 5.590 7.69 1521.867 91.8 91.8 90.21987.03 3966 292.47 5.560 7.62 1521.867 95.8 96.8 90.81987.04 3930 289.32 5.760 8.31 1548.300 97.4 100.5 92.81987.05 3418 289.12 5.750 8.79 1548.300 103.0 105.6 91.11987.06 3594 301.38 5.690 8.63 1548.300 102.1 98.2 91.51987.07 3968 310.09 5.780 8.70 1574.200 105.8 105.6 93.71987.08 4063 329.36 6.000 8.97 1574.200 110.7 107.5 94.41987.09 3724 318.66 6.320 9.58 1574.200 115.7 112.5 93.61987.10 6095 280.16 6.400 9.61 1612.067 115.1 108.9 89.31987.11 3590 245.01 5.810 8.99 1612.067 100.8 90.9 83.11987.12 3927 240.96 5.800 9.12 1612.067 107.7 99.6 86.81988.01 3495 250.48 5.900 8.82 1632.833 109.9 102.2 90.81988.02 3694 258.13 5.690 8.41 1632.833 114.9 105.5 91.61988.03 4052 265.74 5.690 8.61 1632.833 112.7 104.9 94.61988.04 3261 262.61 5.920 8.91 1666.833 115.7 112.8 91.21988.05 3232 256.12 6.270 9.24 1666.833 120.2 114.4 94.81988.06 4307 270.68 6.500 9.04 1666.833 115.7 108.6 94.71988.07 3338 269.05 6.730 9.20 1698.167 113.5 103.7 93.41988.08 3327 263.73 7.020 9.33 1698.167 119.7 109.4 97.41988.09 3060 267.97 7.230 9.06 1698.167 110.7 100.1 97.31988.10 3415 277.40 7.340 8.89 1734.967 116.9 109.3 94.11988.11 2823 271.02 7.680 9.07 1734.967 112.9 102.0 93.01988.12 2845 276.51 8.090 9.13 1734.967 119.3 105.6 91.91989.01 3532 285.41 8.290 9.07 1772.300 115.8 104.1 97.91989.02 3217 294.01 8.480 9.16 1772.300 120.7 108.3 95.41989.03 3503 292.71 8.830 9.33 1772.300 117.4 104.9 94.31989.04 3238 302.25 8.700 9.18 1804.367 116.6 101.8 91.51989.05 3749 313.93 8.400 8.95 1804.367 116.7 103.0 90.71989.06 3967 323.73 8.220 8.40 1804.367 117.2 105.1 90.61989.07 3250 331.93 7.920 8.19 1828.933 120.4 106.6 92.01989.08 3948 346.61 7.910 8.26 1828.933 115.4 103.7 89.61989.09 3035 347.33 7.720 8.31 1828.933 116.3 106.1 95.81989.10 4013 347.40 7.590 8.15 1845.967 117.0 106.4 93.91989.11 3032 345.99 7.650 8.03 1845.967 115.1 103.7 90.91989.12 3214 348.57 7.640 8.02 1845.967 113.0 104.4 90.51990.01 3794 339.97 7.640 8.39 1886.800 106.5 97.0 93.01990.02 2962 330.45 7.760 8.66 1886.800 106.7 93.7 89.51990.03 3285 338.47 7.870 8.74 1886.800 110.6 101.9 91.31990.04 2801 338.18 7.780 8.92 1917.000 107.3 99.2 93.91990.05 3597 350.25 7.780 8.90 1917.000 107.3 100.3 90.61990.06 3226 360.39 7.740 8.62 1917.000 102.4 96.6 88.31990.07 3371 360.03 7.660 8.64 1927.467 101.7 91.8 88.21990.08 4015 330.75 7.440 8.97 1927.467 84.7 74.2 76.41990.09 2686 315.41 7.380 9.11 1927.467 85.6 77.7 72.81990.10 3671 307.12 7.190 8.93 1927.167 62.6 55.6 63.91990.11 3148 315.29 7.070 8.60 1927.167 61.7 56.1 66.01990.12 3109 328.75 6.810 8.31 1927.167 61.2 59.8 65.51991.01 3636 325.49 6.300 8.33 1940.700 55.1 55.3 66.81991.02 4273 362.26 5.950 8.12 1940.700 59.4 63.6 70.41991.03 3900 372.28 5.910 8.38 1940.700 81.1 100.7 87.71991.04 4011 379.68 5.670 8.29 1964.100 79.4 99.7 81.81991.05 3742 377.99 5.510 8.33 1964.100 76.4 95.5 78.31991.06 3259 378.29 5.600 8.54 1964.100 78.0 100.9 82.11991.07 3458 380.33 5.580 8.50 1983.333 77.7 100.3 82.9

1991.08 3773 389.40 5.390 8.17 1983.333 76.1 96.8 82.01991.09 3247 387.20 5.250 7.96 1983.333 72.9 95.4 83.01991.10 4085 386.88 5.030 7.88 2000.767 60.1 79.5 78.31991.11 3727 385.92 4.600 7.83 2000.767 52.7 69.7 69.11991.12 4156 388.51 4.120 7.58 2000.767 52.5 72.6 68.21992.01 5268 416.08 3.840 7.48 2040.600 50.2 68.7 67.51992.02 4292 412.56 3.840 7.78 2040.600 47.3 63.5 68.81992.03 4082 407.36 4.050 7.93 2040.600 56.5 76.7 76.01992.04 4320 407.41 3.810 7.88 2067.067 65.1 89.7 77.21992.05 3666 414.81 3.660 7.80 2067.067 71.9 96.9 79.21992.06 4296 408.27 3.700 7.72 2067.067 72.6 95.9 80.41992.07 4274 415.05 3.280 7.40 2090.567 61.2 80.1 76.61992.08 3647 417.93 3.140 7.19 2090.567 59.0 78.3 76.11992.09 4019 418.48 2.970 7.08 2090.567 57.3 74.2 75.61992.10 4469 412.50 2.840 7.34 2127.667 54.6 70.7 73.31992.11 4154 422.84 3.140 7.43 2127.667 65.5 86.0 85.31992.12 4889 435.64 3.250 7.30 2127.667 78.1 103.9 91.01993.01 5311 435.23 3.060 7.17 2147.600 76.7 98.0 89.31993.02 5466 441.70 2.950 6.89 2147.600 68.5 84.7 86.61993.03 5772 450.16 2.970 6.65 2147.600 63.2 77.3 85.91993.04 5839 443.08 2.890 6.64 2167.733 67.6 81.1 85.61993.05 5102 445.25 2.960 6.68 2167.733 61.9 73.1 80.31993.06 5531 448.06 3.100 6.55 2167.733 58.6 69.6 81.51993.07 5503 447.29 3.050 6.34 2190.433 59.2 66.8 77.01993.08 5496 454.13 3.050 6.18 2190.433 59.3 66.8 77.31993.09 5522 459.24 2.960 5.94 2190.433 63.8 72.8 77.91993.10 5936 463.90 3.040 5.90 2227.900 60.5 66.7 82.71993.11 5867 462.89 3.120 6.25 2227.900 71.9 80.3 81.21993.12 5778 465.95 3.080 6.27 2227.900 79.8 91.8 88.21994.01 6629 472.99 3.020 6.24 2257.600 82.6 92.6 94.31994.02 5832 471.58 3.210 6.44 2257.600 79.9 84.4 93.21994.03 7222 463.81 3.520 6.90 2257.600 86.7 92.6 91.51994.04 5732 447.23 3.740 7.32 2295.000 92.1 95.4 92.61994.05 5667 450.90 4.190 7.47 2295.000 88.9 93.6 92.81994.06 5837 454.83 4.180 7.40 2295.000 92.5 94.6 91.21994.07 4977 451.40 4.390 7.61 2329.200 91.3 91.9 89.01994.08 6399 464.24 4.500 7.55 2329.200 90.4 89.4 91.71994.09 6157 466.96 4.640 7.81 2329.200 89.5 89.5 91.51994.10 6369 463.81 4.960 8.02 2360.000 89.1 87.9 92.71994.11 6253 461.01 5.250 8.16 2360.000 100.4 97.5 91.61994.12 6346 455.19 5.640 7.97 2360.000 103.4 98.1 95.11995.01 8835 465.25 5.810 7.93 2382.600 101.4 94.8 97.61995.02 6334 481.92 5.800 7.69 2382.600 99.4 90.8 95.11995.03 7829 493.15 5.730 7.52 2382.600 100.2 90.1 90.31995.04 6307 507.91 5.670 7.41 2398.833 104.6 97.0 92.51995.05 7559 523.81 5.700 6.99 2398.833 102.0 93.1 89.81995.06 7535 539.35 5.500 6.59 2398.833 94.6 84.5 92.71995.07 7302 557.37 5.470 6.71 2432.833 101.4 89.1 94.41995.08 7129 559.11 5.410 6.90 2432.833 102.4 94.7 96.21995.09 7056 578.77 5.260 6.63 2432.833 97.3 88.8 88.9

DATA9-12Monthly data on personal consumption expenditures on new cars.Data Compiled by Johnfar Kerlee (SA is seasonally adjusted).Source: Citibase Data Series.period = 1975.01-1991.10 (202 observations)pcecars = Personal consumption expenditures on new cars in billions of 1982 dollars, Range 76.402 - 174.364.pop = U.S. Population in millions, Range 215.973 - 254.727.

pcdpy = Per capita disposable personal income in thousands of 1982 dollars, Range 8.7 - 11.61.cpinew = Consumer price index for new cars (82-84=100,SA), Range 60.2 - 126.cpiall = Consumer price index for all items (82-84=100,SA) Range 52.3 - 137.3.cpiused = Consumer price index for used cars (82-84=100,SA) Range 42.4 - 121.8.cpigas = Consumer price index for gasoline (82-84=100,SA) Range 42.8 - 117.cpiinsur = Consumer price index for auto insurance (82-84=100,SA) Range 45.7 - 197.repair = Consumer price index for maintenance & repair (82-84=100,SA) Range 51.7 - 138.4.credit = Installment credit outstanding in millions of current dollars Range 160.034 - 742.066.primert = Prime commercial paper, 30 days, Range 4.51 - 18.95.pubtrans = Consumer price index for public transportation (82-84=100,SA) Range 41.7 - 156.2.unemprt = Unemployment rate: all works 16 years & over, Range 5 - 10.8.

SAMPLE 1 202* Sample period 1975.01-1991.10READ (DATA9-12) period pcecars pop pcdpy cpinew cpiall cpiused & cpigas cpiinsur repair credit primert pubtrans unemprt

1975.01 77.118 215.973 8.715 60.2 52.3 42.4 42.8 45.7 51.7 160.187 7.45 41.7 8.11975.02 77.061 216.145 8.700 61.0 52.6 42.7 42.8 45.9 52.2 161.027 6.37 41.8 8.11975.03 76.402 216.317 8.705 62.6 52.8 42.8 43.0 46.2 52.8 160.246 6.03 41.8 8.61975.04 76.429 216.489 8.901 62.9 53.0 42.5 43.0 47.1 53.1 160.067 5.93 41.8 8.81975.05 79.483 216.660 9.397 62.6 53.1 42.4 43.5 47.1 53.3 160.034 5.48 41.8 9.01975.06 79.616 216.832 9.047 62.8 53.5 42.9 44.5 47.4 53.5 160.074 5.45 42.3 8.81975.07 78.978 217.004 8.892 62.8 54.0 43.9 46.1 47.6 53.8 161.589 6.15 42.5 8.61975.08 79.797 217.176 8.958 63.2 54.2 44.7 46.6 48.2 54.1 162.337 6.37 42.5 8.41975.09 80.579 217.348 8.989 63.6 54.6 45.1 47.0 48.5 54.3 163.265 6.53 46.5 8.41975.10 79.948 217.520 9.028 63.9 54.9 45.5 47.4 49.2 54.5 164.479 6.06 46.3 8.41975.11 81.694 217.691 8.994 64.1 55.3 45.8 47.4 53.4 55.1 165.531 5.43 46.3 8.31975.12 82.306 217.863 8.998 65.2 55.6 45.8 47.2 54.1 55.5 167.043 5.51 46.7 8.21976.01 82.821 218.035 9.095 65.4 55.8 45.1 47.1 57.2 56.2 168.564 4.76 46.7 7.91976.02 82.761 218.219 9.131 65.8 55.9 45.8 46.8 58.9 56.4 169.451 4.86 46.7 7.71976.03 82.616 218.402 9.150 66.0 56.0 47.3 46.3 60.4 56.7 171.137 5.05 47.3 7.6

1976.04 83.656 218.586 9.156 66.2 56.1 48.8 45.8 60.8 56.9 173.042 4.81 47.3 7.71976.05 82.197 218.770 9.149 66.3 56.4 49.8 46.1 61.2 57.2 174.339 5.18 47.3 7.41976.06 83.600 218.953 9.148 66.4 56.7 50.4 46.7 61.7 57.4 176.015 5.58 47.6 7.61976.07 83.764 219.137 9.190 66.6 57.0 51.0 46.8 62.8 57.7 177.831 5.29 47.8 7.81976.08 84.761 219.321 9.187 67.0 57.3 51.7 46.9 63.2 58.1 179.190 5.10 47.9 7.81976.09 84.816 219.504 9.184 67.5 57.6 52.3 47.2 64.4 58.3 181.171 5.09 48.5 7.61976.10 85.743 219.688 9.170 68.6 57.9 52.9 47.8 65.0 58.6 182.882 4.90 48.7 7.71976.11 86.127 219.872 9.260 68.3 58.1 53.6 48.2 66.0 58.9 184.658 4.79 48.7 7.81976.12 87.025 220.055 9.282 68.6 58.4 54.5 48.3 66.2 59.1 187.782 4.51 48.8 7.81977.01 85.609 220.239 9.274 68.8 58.7 55.3 48.5 66.8 59.7 190.183 4.61 49.0 7.51977.02 88.907 220.435 9.156 68.9 59.3 56.3 49.2 67.3 60.3 192.392 4.59 49.1 7.61977.03 90.725 220.630 9.282 69.3 59.6 57.0 49.7 68.0 60.9 195.802 4.63 49.5 7.41977.04 91.132 220.826 9.298 69.3 60.0 57.2 49.7 69.4 61.2 198.936 4.63 49.5 7.21977.05 90.183 221.021 9.308 69.6 60.2 56.7 50.1 69.5 61.5 201.559 5.10 49.8 7.01977.06 90.018 221.217 9.348 69.9 60.5 55.8 49.8 70.2 61.7 204.481 5.29 50.2 7.21977.07 92.343 221.412 9.425 70.2 60.8 54.9 49.4 70.5 62.0 207.020 5.26 50.3 6.91977.08 91.711 221.608 9.459 70.5 61.1 53.9 49.4 70.9 62.4 210.005 5.64 50.3 7.01977.09 91.986 221.803 9.500 70.8 61.3 53.4 49.6 71.6 62.8 212.677 6.00 50.5 6.81977.10 93.647 221.999 9.499 72.0 61.6 52.7 50.1 71.1 63.1 215.370 6.39 50.6 6.81977.11 94.855 222.194 9.502 72.5 62.0 52.6 50.5 71.2 63.4 218.443 6.38 50.7 6.81977.12 95.666 222.390 9.519 73.5 62.3 52.2 50.9 71.2 63.9 221.475 6.51 50.9 6.41978.01 91.480 222.585 9.519 74.2 62.7 52.6 50.9 71.4 64.4 223.682 6.59 51.2 6.41978.02 93.936 222.791 9.585 74.4 63.0 52.8 50.6 71.7 65.1 226.179 6.56 51.2 6.31978.03 94.676 222.997 9.692 74.7 63.4 53.1 50.8 71.5 65.4 229.830 6.52 51.3 6.31978.04 96.792 223.203 9.736 74.6 63.9 53.5 50.5 71.5 65.7 233.244 6.64 51.4 6.11978.05 97.823 223.408 9.741 74.8 64.5 54.3 50.5 71.0 66.2 237.571 6.89 51.4 6.01978.06 97.503 223.614 9.712 75.3 65.0 55.5 50.7 71.1 66.7 242.304 7.48 51.3 5.91978.07 97.108 223.820 9.746 75.6 65.5 56.6 51.1 71.3 67.1 245.661 7.70 51.5 6.21978.08 96.873 224.026 9.759 76.0 65.9 57.4 51.8 71.3 67.6 249.086 7.66 51.5 5.9

1978.09 97.372 224.232 9.783 76.5 66.5 57.9 52.6 72.0 68.2 251.924 8.29 51.6 6.01978.10 97.445 224.438 9.835 77.2 67.1 58.4 53.5 72.5 68.8 254.749 8.82 51.9 5.81978.11 98.293 224.643 9.840 77.8 67.5 58.8 54.4 73.2 69.3 258.421 9.84 52.0 5.91978.12 99.859 224.849 9.872 78.5 67.9 59.1 55.4 73.7 69.7 261.976 10.14 51.9 6.01979.01 97.769 225.055 9.871 78.9 68.5 57.9 56.0 73.5 70.3 265.196 9.95 52.1 5.91979.02 97.778 225.278 9.888 79.7 69.2 58.7 56.4 73.7 71.1 268.150 9.75 52.3 5.91979.03 99.152 225.500 9.907 80.2 69.9 59.9 59.1 74.1 71.8 271.238 9.74 52.5 5.81979.04 99.281 225.723 9.854 81.1 70.6 61.2 62.2 74.5 72.4 274.933 9.72 52.8 5.81979.05 100.327 225.945 9.822 81.5 71.4 62.3 65.3 75.1 73.0 278.444 9.86 53.0 5.61979.06 102.061 226.168 9.779 81.8 72.2 62.8 69.1 75.4 73.5 281.167 9.77 53.2 5.71979.07 102.646 226.391 9.850 82.3 73.0 62.3 72.7 76.0 74.1 283.650 9.88 54.1 5.71979.08 104.606 226.613 9.829 82.6 73.7 61.3 76.0 77.0 74.7 286.602 10.44 55.1 6.01979.09 104.313 226.836 9.782 82.8 74.4 60.1 78.8 77.4 75.1 289.546 11.52 56.3 5.91979.10 103.544 227.058 9.791 83.1 75.2 59.0 80.4 77.5 75.7 292.690 13.06 57.4 6.01979.11 102.426 227.281 9.801 83.7 76.0 58.3 81.8 77.6 76.2 295.423 13.34 59.4 5.91979.12 101.215 227.503 9.777 84.1 76.9 58.6 83.9 78.0 76.8 296.483 13.35 61.2 6.01980.01 101.624 227.726 9.867 85.1 78.0 59.1 89.8 78.6 77.5 301.192 13.07 62.2 6.31980.02 101.357 227.913 9.824 86.2 79.0 59.4 94.3 79.7 78.5 301.328 13.62 62.9 6.31980.03 98.416 228.099 9.757 86.4 80.1 59.7 99.7 80.9 79.3 302.950 16.55 63.7 6.31980.04 96.979 228.286 9.656 87.3 80.9 59.9 98.7 81.3 80.3 300.553 16.10 64.7 6.91980.05 96.855 228.473 9.587 87.9 81.7 60.2 98.7 81.9 80.9 298.151 9.65 65.7 7.51980.06 95.849 228.659 9.591 87.8 82.5 60.3 98.2 82.4 81.2 296.322 8.56 66.4 7.61980.07 97.029 228.846 9.678 88.4 82.6 60.9 97.9 82.6 81.7 295.649 8.53 68.7 7.81980.08 96.746 229.033 9.672 89.7 83.2 61.5 97.8 83.0 82.4 295.820 9.48 71.7 7.71980.09 96.961 229.219 9.678 90.4 83.9 63.7 97.8 83.3 83.2 295.413 10.82 74.3 7.51980.10 99.612 229.406 9.749 90.2 84.7 65.5 98.6 83.4 83.9 296.189 12.59 75.0 7.51980.11 101.118 229.593 9.776 90.5 85.6 67.8 98.8 83.5 84.6 296.469 15.23 76.0 7.51980.12 99.635 229.779 9.833 90.4 86.4 69.1 99.3 83.7 85.1 298.154 18.95 76.8 7.21981.01 100.114 229.966 9.801 90.8 87.2 70.3 103.6 83.7 85.9 298.145 17.73 78.6 7.5

1981.02 100.053 230.151 9.774 90.8 88.0 71.3 110.1 84.1 86.7 297.432 15.81 79.0 7.41981.03 99.903 230.336 9.773 90.2 88.6 72.0 113.0 84.4 87.4 301.167 14.15 80.6 7.41981.04 99.164 230.522 9.751 91.8 89.1 72.4 110.6 84.8 87.8 302.150 14.79 81.5 7.21981.05 98.137 230.707 9.703 93.8 89.7 73.8 109.0 85.2 88.4 303.837 17.91 81.7 7.51981.06 98.925 230.892 9.720 94.6 90.5 75.6 107.8 85.4 88.7 305.007 17.34 83.4 7.51981.07 97.984 231.077 9.812 95.0 91.5 77.5 107.2 86.2 89.2 306.228 17.70 88.6 7.21981.08 97.633 231.262 9.833 94.8 92.2 79.1 107.2 86.3 89.8 306.420 17.58 89.6 7.41981.09 96.941 231.447 9.808 95.0 93.1 80.9 107.7 86.9 90.8 309.974 15.95 90.3 7.61981.10 95.129 231.633 9.806 95.5 93.4 82.5 108.4 87.7 91.6 310.545 14.80 90.7 7.91981.11 94.577 231.818 9.755 96.0 93.8 83.3 109.0 88.0 92.0 310.928 12.35 91.4 8.31981.12 93.857 232.003 9.691 96.7 94.1 83.6 108.6 88.2 92.4 311.259 12.16 91.6 8.51982.01 91.474 232.188 9.677 96.8 94.4 84.2 108.2 88.5 92.8 313.656 12.90 91.9 8.61982.02 93.405 232.365 9.688 96.2 94.7 84.9 106.1 88.9 93.5 312.053 14.62 92.4 8.91982.03 93.247 232.541 9.717 95.9 94.7 85.8 103.6 89.5 94.3 314.344 13.99 92.3 9.01982.04 93.811 232.718 9.796 96.7 95.0 86.7 97.2 89.7 94.8 315.355 14.38 93.1 9.31982.05 93.406 232.894 9.751 97.1 95.9 87.8 97.8 90.1 95.3 316.553 13.79 93.8 9.41982.06 93.442 233.071 9.662 97.6 97.0 89.4 102.8 90.9 96.0 317.641 13.95 94.8 9.61982.07 94.615 233.248 9.746 98.0 97.5 90.1 104.3 91.3 96.6 318.110 12.62 95.2 9.81982.08 93.820 233.424 9.713 98.1 97.7 90.4 104.1 91.5 97.0 318.603 9.50 95.5 9.81982.09 94.518 233.601 9.703 98.1 97.7 90.6 103.3 91.8 97.4 319.932 9.96 96.9 10.11982.10 94.852 233.777 9.708 97.9 98.1 90.9 103.2 94.1 97.8 320.263 9.08 97.7 10.41982.11 95.867 233.954 9.759 97.8 98.0 91.8 102.9 95.1 97.9 322.125 8.66 97.6 10.81982.12 98.521 234.130 9.780 98.2 97.7 92.8 100.3 95.8 98.2 325.805 8.53 97.5 10.81983.01 98.780 234.307 9.783 98.5 97.9 93.3 99.1 96.8 98.6 326.443 8.19 98.1 10.41983.02 98.633 234.477 9.760 98.8 98.0 94.0 95.8 98.0 99.0 325.245 8.30 97.4 10.41983.03 100.651 234.647 9.797 99.0 98.1 94.5 94.2 98.5 99.2 330.550 8.56 97.2 10.31983.04 100.631 234.817 9.839 99.2 98.8 95.0 98.3 99.1 99.5 332.658 8.58 99.0 10.21983.05 102.747 234.987 9.857 99.4 99.2 95.5 100.5 99.9 99.9 333.867 8.36 98.5 10.11983.06 103.491 235.157 9.870 99.6 99.4 96.6 101.1 99.8 100.1 338.371 8.97 99.1 10.1

1983.07 105.610 235.328 9.961 99.8 99.8 98.2 101.4 100.3 100.2 342.974 9.15 99.6 9.41983.08 106.242 235.498 9.892 100.2 100.1 100.2 102.1 100.4 100.6 347.428 9.41 100.1 9.51983.09 107.408 235.668 9.946 100.6 100.4 102.1 101.3 100.7 101.0 350.835 9.19 100.6 9.21983.10 108.304 235.838 10.070 100.9 100.8 103.7 100.7 102.6 101.3 356.482 9.03 101.0 8.81983.11 109.763 236.008 10.151 101.1 101.1 105.5 99.6 103.7 101.9 362.075 9.10 101.6 8.51983.12 109.875 236.178 10.232 101.3 101.4 106.5 98.7 104.5 101.9 368.966 9.56 101.2 8.31984.01 112.902 236.348 10.291 101.6 102.1 107.5 99.0 105.7 102.1 373.059 9.23 103.7 8.01984.02 111.357 236.525 10.373 101.7 102.6 107.5 99.4 106.0 102.5 379.749 9.35 103.5 7.81984.03 111.495 236.701 10.413 102.0 102.9 109.1 100.2 106.9 102.8 387.297 9.81 103.5 7.81984.04 113.623 236.878 10.385 102.3 103.3 110.8 99.8 106.7 103.0 391.987 10.17 103.7 7.71984.05 113.849 237.054 10.356 102.4 103.5 112.7 99.4 107.3 103.4 401.024 10.38 104.4 7.41984.06 116.890 237.231 10.392 102.6 103.7 113.8 98.2 107.5 103.5 408.820 10.82 105.7 7.21984.07 114.231 237.407 10.435 102.9 104.1 114.4 96.3 107.7 103.8 413.765 11.06 106.8 7.51984.08 115.225 237.584 10.427 103.2 104.4 114.9 95.1 107.8 104.1 419.591 11.19 107.2 7.51984.09 118.249 237.760 10.477 103.4 104.7 114.8 95.9 108.4 104.6 424.309 11.10 106.8 7.31984.10 117.846 237.937 10.450 103.5 105.1 114.9 97.3 110.2 104.9 430.318 10.05 107.3 7.41984.11 118.814 238.113 10.475 103.7 105.3 114.9 96.9 111.4 105.1 435.744 9.01 107.5 7.21984.12 119.364 238.290 10.548 103.8 105.5 114.9 95.9 112.7 105.2 442.602 8.39 107.7 7.31985.01 118.834 238.466 10.594 104.5 105.7 115.0 96.3 114.4 105.4 447.835 7.99 108.2 7.31985.02 120.502 238.648 10.537 105.0 106.3 116.3 96.6 114.8 105.8 451.898 8.46 108.2 7.21985.03 120.501 238.830 10.443 105.3 106.8 116.7 98.1 115.5 105.9 463.468 8.74 109.0 7.21985.04 121.382 239.012 10.707 105.5 107.0 116.1 99.7 116.7 105.8 470.388 8.31 109.2 7.31985.05 122.492 239.194 10.872 105.7 107.2 114.6 99.3 117.5 106.2 476.160 7.80 109.3 7.21985.06 121.909 239.376 10.602 106.0 107.5 113.5 99.7 118.1 106.5 481.090 7.34 109.5 7.41985.07 122.204 239.559 10.598 106.1 107.7 112.5 100.0 119.0 106.7 486.397 7.58 110.4 7.41985.08 124.807 239.741 10.574 106.4 107.9 112.0 98.5 120.0 106.9 490.887 7.73 110.7 7.11985.09 126.733 239.923 10.572 106.7 108.1 111.8 98.2 120.5 107.4 499.737 7.83 111.9 7.11985.10 128.407 240.105 10.631 106.9 108.5 111.9 98.1 122.8 108.1 506.072 7.81 112.9 7.11985.11 128.189 240.287 10.622 107.2 109.0 112.1 98.8 124.9 108.1 512.093 7.84 113.2 7.0

1985.12 129.073 240.469 10.748 107.2 109.5 112.6 99.5 126.3 108.6 517.659 7.87 113.2 7.01986.01 129.468 240.651 10.757 107.8 109.9 112.7 100.1 128.6 108.8 524.559 7.78 115.1 6.71986.02 130.351 240.830 10.836 108.1 109.7 111.8 95.6 129.8 109.1 529.526 7.70 115.8 7.21986.03 131.841 241.010 10.917 108.4 109.1 110.8 83.4 131.4 109.2 532.812 7.30 115.5 7.21986.04 132.950 241.189 11.040 108.9 108.7 109.5 74.1 132.4 109.6 538.554 6.75 115.8 7.11986.05 134.808 241.369 10.969 109.9 109.0 108.6 75.4 132.9 109.8 543.752 6.72 116.2 7.21986.06 135.280 241.548 10.918 110.7 109.4 108.1 77.9 134.6 110.0 547.051 6.79 116.7 7.21986.07 137.901 241.728 10.914 111.2 109.5 107.6 72.9 135.8 110.4 552.672 6.42 117.4 7.01986.08 139.268 241.907 10.899 111.5 109.6 107.1 68.9 136.0 110.7 556.664 6.02 117.4 6.91986.09 139.699 242.086 10.888 111.8 110.0 107.4 70.7 136.9 110.9 563.348 5.74 117.5 7.01986.10 140.864 242.266 10.890 112.3 110.2 107.5 69.1 139.9 111.1 570.145 5.74 117.6 7.01986.11 141.763 242.445 10.899 113.2 110.4 107.6 68.4 141.0 111.9 572.306 5.84 118.4 6.91986.12 141.669 242.625 10.937 113.6 110.8 106.9 69.0 141.2 112.6 572.006 6.63 120.0 6.61987.01 140.235 242.804 10.933 114.1 111.5 106.6 74.1 142.5 112.8 570.505 5.95 120.4 6.61987.02 143.241 242.989 11.018 112.9 111.9 107.5 78.4 142.9 113.3 570.864 6.12 120.6 6.61987.03 142.129 243.174 10.995 112.8 112.3 109.5 78.5 143.9 113.3 573.058 6.22 121.1 6.61987.04 142.802 243.358 10.551 113.5 112.8 111.4 79.2 144.8 114.3 577.605 6.39 120.9 6.31987.05 143.580 243.543 10.911 114.0 113.1 113.1 77.7 145.0 114.3 579.352 6.83 120.6 6.31987.06 142.771 243.728 10.875 114.5 113.6 114.1 79.4 145.9 114.4 585.119 6.86 120.2 6.21987.07 145.159 243.913 10.925 115.1 113.9 115.0 81.0 146.7 114.5 593.090 6.57 120.2 6.11987.08 145.452 244.097 10.939 115.3 114.4 115.4 83.1 147.4 115.1 596.208 6.62 121.5 6.01987.09 145.297 244.282 10.917 115.5 114.8 115.7 82.5 147.8 115.7 599.663 7.26 122.1 5.91987.10 144.934 244.467 11.098 115.6 115.1 115.8 82.5 148.9 116.1 601.502 7.38 121.2 6.01987.11 145.698 244.652 11.018 116.2 115.5 116.1 82.6 149.6 116.5 603.670 6.77 122.0 5.81987.12 146.918 244.836 11.174 115.7 115.7 116.4 81.9 149.4 116.9 608.675 7.76 122.1 5.71988.01 148.771 245.021 11.174 115.1 116.1 115.9 81.1 151.6 117.2 615.676 6.76 121.8 5.71988.02 150.439 245.214 11.285 115.4 116.2 116.4 80.7 152.3 117.7 618.996 6.55 120.8 5.71988.03 152.438 245.408 11.346 115.5 116.6 116.9 79.9 152.6 118.5 623.649 6.57 121.4 5.71988.04 152.748 245.601 11.238 115.7 117.2 117.3 80.4 153.6 118.8 627.461 6.80 122.4 5.4

1988.05 154.169 245.795 11.327 116.1 117.6 117.4 80.2 154.8 119.3 631.523 7.07 122.4 5.61988.06 156.062 245.988 11.394 116.6 118.1 117.6 80.0 156.1 119.7 637.118 7.41 123.2 5.41988.07 155.751 246.182 11.440 117.0 118.6 117.9 81.1 156.9 120.0 639.924 7.72 123.7 5.41988.08 155.715 246.375 11.422 117.5 119.0 118.5 82.6 158.1 120.3 645.708 8.09 123.7 5.61988.09 157.347 246.568 11.411 118.5 119.6 118.9 81.5 158.4 120.9 648.184 8.09 124.0 5.41988.10 158.761 246.762 11.519 118.5 120.0 119.2 80.7 160.6 121.1 652.007 8.12 124.2 5.41988.11 160.267 246.955 11.406 118.3 120.4 119.2 80.7 162.1 121.5 657.905 8.38 125.3 5.31988.12 161.837 247.149 11.448 118.2 120.8 119.7 80.4 162.0 121.5 662.952 9.31 126.5 5.31989.01 164.773 247.342 11.465 118.4 121.3 120.5 81.2 162.8 122.4 687.551 9.03 127.5 5.41989.02 162.516 247.556 11.584 118.7 121.7 121.2 82.7 163.2 123.3 690.057 9.29 128.1 5.21989.03 163.299 247.771 11.610 119.0 122.3 121.7 84.3 163.3 123.5 693.648 9.88 128.2 5.01989.04 165.351 247.985 11.474 119.2 123.2 121.8 93.8 164.3 123.8 697.996 9.77 128.4 5.21989.05 166.967 248.199 11.479 119.3 123.8 121.6 95.4 165.4 124.3 702.563 9.58 128.9 5.21989.06 166.946 248.413 11.522 119.2 124.1 121.2 94.5 166.4 124.5 705.370 9.34 129.6 5.31989.07 165.751 248.628 11.548 119.2 124.6 120.8 93.3 166.8 124.8 707.666 8.95 129.7 5.21989.08 167.645 248.842 11.543 118.9 124.6 119.5 89.3 167.0 125.4 711.205 8.79 130.1 5.21989.09 167.235 249.056 11.522 118.7 124.9 119.0 86.9 167.4 126.2 713.477 8.87 130.1 5.31989.10 166.490 249.270 11.510 119.5 125.5 118.7 87.5 169.4 126.7 718.746 8.66 130.6 5.31989.11 168.841 249.485 11.540 120.1 125.9 119.2 86.0 171.1 126.7 722.267 8.47 131.3 5.41989.12 167.662 249.699 11.573 120.8 126.4 119.1 85.6 171.5 126.9 724.353 8.61 131.7 5.41990.01 172.042 249.913 11.563 121.2 127.6 119.1 92.9 173.3 127.3 726.003 8.20 134.2 5.31990.02 174.364 250.141 11.586 121.0 128.1 118.6 93.3 174.4 127.6 728.493 8.22 136.7 5.31990.03 172.899 250.369 11.608 120.7 128.6 118.4 92.7 175.0 128.8 728.767 8.32 139.1 5.21990.04 171.142 250.597 11.567 120.4 129.0 117.9 93.0 175.4 129.4 730.087 8.32 140.3 5.41990.05 171.121 250.825 11.555 120.5 129.2 117.6 91.2 176.4 129.4 732.899 8.24 140.9 5.31990.06 170.499 251.053 11.570 120.4 130.0 117.4 92.6 176.9 129.6 734.120 8.20 141.5 5.11990.07 170.566 251.282 11.572 120.4 130.6 117.6 93.1 176.9 130.2 738.402 8.09 141.6 5.41990.08 170.599 251.510 11.506 120.7 131.7 117.2 101.1 177.6 130.4 739.450 7.99 141.9 5.61990.09 170.288 251.738 11.455 120.7 132.6 117.2 109.3 178.6 131.5 740.877 8.09 144.0 5.7

1990.10 168.479 251.966 11.352 121.4 133.5 116.7 116.9 181.8 132.1 740.984 8.04 146.6 5.81990.11 168.151 252.194 11.366 121.7 133.8 115.7 117.0 183.7 132.5 742.066 7.84 150.3 6.01990.12 167.370 252.422 11.410 122.5 134.3 116.3 116.9 184.4 132.5 738.765 8.28 154.4 6.21991.01 166.252 252.650 11.299 123.5 134.8 116.5 110.9 185.4 133.1 737.520 7.12 155.4 6.31991.02 169.710 252.881 11.295 124.3 134.9 116.8 103.0 186.5 133.5 736.773 6.53 156.2 6.51991.03 170.880 253.112 11.327 124.7 134.9 116.9 98.3 187.4 134.1 738.638 6.48 153.3 6.81991.04 170.849 253.342 11.306 125.0 135.2 117.2 98.2 187.5 134.4 738.687 6.08 147.1 6.61991.05 171.894 253.573 11.340 125.1 135.7 117.9 98.9 188.4 134.7 738.122 5.91 146.0 6.81991.06 170.664 253.804 11.385 125.4 136.1 118.5 98.2 189.6 135.6 735.918 6.06 146.6 6.81991.07 173.392 254.035 11.360 125.5 136.3 119.5 96.8 191.6 136.4 734.723 5.98 146.7 6.71991.08 172.801 254.265 11.373 125.7 136.7 118.6 97.4 193.3 136.9 733.442 5.72 147.6 6.81991.09 171.414 254.496 11.374 125.9 137.1 118.2 97.5 193.6 137.8 733.322 5.62 146.6 6.71991.10 171.882 254.727 11.371 126.0 137.3 118.3 96.7 197.0 138.4 735.573 5.29 144.9 6.8

DATA10-1: Quarterly data for the U.S. r = INTEREST RATE: U.S.TREASURY BILLS,AUCTION AVG,3-MO(%) RANGE 3.514 - 15.904. M = MONEY SUPPLY M2 (BILLIONS OF 1987 DOLLARS), RANGE 1461.733 - 2915.233. D = FEDERAL CYCLICALLY ADJ BUDGET: DEFICIT (+) or SURPLUS (-) (BILLIONS OF DOLLARS), RANGE 0.6 - 213. Source: Citibase, INTRATE AND MONEY SUPPLY ARE AVERAGED FROM Monthly data.

SAMPLE 1 110* Sample period 1964Q1 to 1991Q2READ (DATA10-1) period r M D

1964.1 3.619 1461.733 6.31964.2 3.561 1484.567 10.01964.3 3.584 1514.300 6.11964.4 3.771 1542.267 4.01965.1 3.993 1568.867 0.61965.2 3.972 1581.200 2.41965.3 3.952 1605.967 10.71965.4 4.262 1632.567 13.91966.1 4.751 1653.367 12.51966.2 4.716 1653.333 11.01966.3 5.184 1647.867 15.91966.4 5.391 1653.400 18.11967.1 4.650 1675.600 24.21967.2 3.743 1702.267 23.91967.3 4.454 1735.200 25.71967.4 4.913 1755.200 24.4

1968.1 5.202 1758.967 22.31968.2 5.666 1775.167 27.11968.3 5.370 1785.067 18.21968.4 5.740 1807.600 13.31969.1 6.321 1812.700 4.01969.2 6.428 1801.267 2.01969.3 7.274 1787.300 5.61969.4 7.559 1778.000 4.21970.1 7.502 1762.000 3.31970.2 6.965 1750.400 12.01970.3 6.569 1765.633 14.21970.4 5.508 1788.967 13.91971.1 3.956 1827.367 16.41971.2 4.311 1885.933 19.01971.3 5.187 1917.200 17.91971.4 4.340 1960.867 13.91972.1 3.514 2003.200 7.71972.2 3.836 2040.533 18.61972.3 4.347 2091.133 9.11972.4 4.980 2136.800 26.81973.1 5.801 2160.633 18.01973.2 6.814 2151.367 16.91973.3 8.689 2140.000 9.31973.4 7.711 2117.000 9.71974.1 7.857 2094.967 8.31974.2 8.561 2068.400 13.41974.3 8.582 2030.800 3.41974.4 7.579 1997.033 11.21975.1 6.046 1992.467 19.41975.2 5.551 2041.900 73.91975.3 6.529 2072.067 40.31975.4 5.847 2086.733 44.11976.1 5.086 2127.733 38.21976.2 5.310 2174.833 33.21976.3 5.310 2199.100 38.31976.4 4.821 2247.700 41.91977.1 4.744 2283.367 28.41977.2 4.956 2304.900 37.01977.3 5.626 2327.067 54.61977.4 6.321 2345.233 50.81978.1 6.604 2348.433 50.51978.2 6.680 2338.900 42.41978.3 7.557 2330.233 43.51978.4 8.999 2324.767 44.61979.1 9.717 2305.967 31.71979.2 9.733 2285.533 25.61979.3 10.009 2269.300 41.81979.4 12.336 2233.067 46.01980.1 14.132 2184.133 56.31980.2 10.478 2137.267 59.81980.3 9.589 2170.667 63.91980.4 14.407 2158.000 61.91981.1 15.119 2137.800 49.41981.2 15.624 2149.400 43.81981.3 15.904 2135.167 55.71981.4 12.577 2155.500 70.91982.1 13.515 2184.700 62.91982.2 12.935 2196.467 59.11982.3 10.095 2206.000 90.5

1982.4 8.210 2250.633 124.91983.1 8.364 2365.467 111.11983.2 8.721 2404.833 107.81983.3 9.535 2421.900 124.51983.4 9.118 2448.133 128.81984.1 9.479 2461.233 134.31984.2 10.236 2488.933 152.31984.3 10.763 2505.600 162.11984.4 9.303 2539.067 176.41985.1 8.473 2590.567 155.81985.2 7.773 2605.433 204.81985.3 7.333 2649.200 200.41985.4 7.377 2665.767 211.71986.1 7.103 2689.933 185.01986.2 6.313 2771.233 213.01986.3 5.690 2829.667 180.31986.4 5.480 2875.867 163.21987.1 5.690 2882.000 182.31987.2 5.913 2869.767 122.31987.3 6.230 2863.300 138.41987.4 6.197 2870.933 173.01988.1 5.933 2894.533 173.11988.2 6.413 2915.233 161.91988.3 7.213 2906.300 145.21988.4 7.963 2898.000 184.71989.1 8.840 2877.933 166.71989.2 8.743 2847.900 155.11989.3 8.117 2879.100 161.81989.4 7.883 2901.600 172.81990.1 8.023 2891.533 190.51990.2 8.033 2889.633 182.01990.3 7.743 2872.467 157.61990.4 7.247 2840.867 179.11991.1 6.237 2838.767 97.81991.2 5.763 2853.800 145.6

DATA10-2: Hourly load and temperature data for an electric company in the Northwest region of the U.S. for the period Jan 1, 1992 through Jan 31, 1992. Data compiled by Casey Brace. day_hour = Day and hour, Range 1.01 - 31.24. load = Electricity usage in megawatts, Range 1646 - 3833. temp = Temperature in Farenheit, Range 27 - 59.

SAMPLE 1 744READ (DATA10-2) day_hour load temp

1.01 2054 44 1.02 1952 45 1.03 1865 44 1.04 1838 40 1.05 1867 40 1.06 1961 39 1.07 2081 40 1.08 2242 40 1.09 2474 41 1.10 2710 41

1.11 2872 44 1.12 2870 49 1.13 2828 44 1.14 2744 45 1.15 2621 44 1.16 2593 44 1.17 2741 44 1.18 2846 43 1.19 2880 42 1.20 2825 42 1.21 2716 43 1.22 2531 43 1.23 2260 44 1.24 1996 45 2.01 1839 45 2.02 1759 45 2.03 1725 45 2.04 1743 46 2.05 1844 46 2.06 2134 45 2.07 2570 46 2.08 2858 44 2.09 2952 44 2.10 2951 46 2.11 2890 47 2.12 2802 47 2.13 2714 50 2.14 2614 49 2.15 2558 48 2.16 2609 47 2.17 2844 45 2.18 3162 45 2.19 3201 44 2.20 3120 43 2.21 2994 43 2.22 2778 42 2.23 2504 41 2.24 2206 40 3.01 2025 40 3.02 1938 38 3.03 1925 40 3.04 1954 41 3.05 2049 43 3.06 2348 42 3.07 2764 44 3.08 3047 46 3.09 3140 46 3.10 3156 46 3.11 3131 47 3.12 3058 47 3.13 2967 48 3.14 2904 48 3.15 2838 48 3.16 2856 48 3.17 2993 47 3.18 3174 47 3.19 3127 47 3.20 2983 47 3.21 2814 47

3.22 2625 49 3.23 2399 48 3.24 2147 47 4.01 1924 46 4.02 1813 45 4.03 1777 44 4.04 1778 42 4.05 1819 41 4.06 1934 41 4.07 2114 41 4.08 2371 43 4.09 2686 43 4.10 2957 44 4.11 3001 44 4.12 2948 46 4.13 2809 47 4.14 2649 47 4.15 2547 47 4.16 2535 45 4.17 2778 42 4.18 3044 42 4.19 3046 42 4.20 2954 40 4.21 2844 39 4.22 2691 38 4.23 2538 38 4.24 2298 36 5.01 2121 37 5.02 2017 37 5.03 1978 36 5.04 1987 36 5.05 2030 37 5.06 2129 37 5.07 2292 38 5.08 2537 37 5.09 2865 37 5.10 3089 38 5.11 3181 39 5.12 3214 39 5.13 3190 38 5.14 3101 39 5.15 3036 38 5.16 3007 38 5.17 3162 39 5.18 3338 38 5.19 3312 38 5.20 3208 38 5.21 3058 39 5.22 2859 39 5.23 2528 38 5.24 2248 38 6.01 2074 37 6.02 2022 36 6.03 2035 37 6.04 2098 37 6.05 2256 36 6.06 2673 36 6.07 3288 37 6.08 3606 37

6.09 3550 36 6.10 3449 37 6.11 3333 38 6.12 3188 39 6.13 3064 41 6.14 2992 40 6.15 2938 40 6.16 2980 40 6.17 3236 38 6.18 3585 38 6.19 3624 38 6.20 3535 36 6.21 3407 35 6.22 3154 35 6.23 2792 35 6.24 2481 34 7.01 2276 33 7.02 2241 32 7.03 2250 31 7.04 2316 31 7.05 2485 29 7.06 2907 27 7.07 3516 27 7.08 3833 30 7.09 3785 31 7.10 3596 32 7.11 3401 35 7.12 3231 38 7.13 3103 39 7.14 2958 40 7.15 2884 40 7.16 2958 38 7.17 3241 37 7.18 3633 37 7.19 3700 36 7.20 3617 34 7.21 3486 34 7.22 3239 34 7.23 2870 35 7.24 2511 35 8.01 2292 33 8.02 2242 33 8.03 2229 33 8.04 2262 33 8.05 2399 34 8.06 2754 34 8.07 3335 35 8.08 3644 35 8.09 3573 35 8.10 3430 37 8.11 3301 38 8.12 3144 39 8.13 2999 42 8.14 2946 43 8.15 2922 43 8.16 2960 42 8.17 3197 42 8.18 3450 42 8.19 3447 42

8.20 3330 41 8.21 3171 40 8.22 2941 41 8.23 2576 42 8.24 2241 42 9.01 2042 41 9.02 1967 42 9.03 1939 41 9.04 1956 41 9.05 2076 41 9.06 2429 42 9.07 2987 42 9.08 3297 42 9.09 3235 43 9.10 3100 44 9.11 3035 45 9.12 2915 47 9.13 2808 49 9.14 2713 50 9.15 2687 51 9.16 2750 50 9.17 2934 47 9.18 3197 49 9.19 3197 49 9.20 3102 49 9.21 2954 47 9.22 2710 46 9.23 2404 46 9.24 2082 45 10.01 1909 45 10.02 1835 45 10.03 1806 43 10.04 1826 44 10.05 1936 45 10.06 2285 44 10.07 2846 43 10.08 3190 42 10.09 3189 42 10.10 3109 43 10.11 3040 44 10.12 2946 47 10.13 2853 50 10.14 2801 50 10.15 2770 49 10.16 2836 47 10.17 3045 46 10.18 3240 45 10.19 3217 44 10.20 3078 43 10.21 2914 44 10.22 2733 45 10.23 2495 45 10.24 2230 45 11.01 2027 45 11.02 1915 46 11.03 1864 45 11.04 1847 45 11.05 1881 44 11.06 2013 44

11.07 2206 43 11.08 2507 41 11.09 2839 42 11.10 3037 44 11.11 3037 45 11.12 2921 47 11.13 2787 47 11.14 2641 48 11.15 2538 48 11.16 2542 47 11.17 2750 45 11.18 3043 44 11.19 3044 43 11.20 2941 42 11.21 2847 41 11.22 2701 39 11.23 2524 38 11.24 2314 38 12.01 2139 36 12.02 2048 36 12.03 2020 37 12.04 2037 35 12.05 2081 37 12.06 2180 36 12.07 2351 37 12.08 2637 36 12.09 2970 36 12.10 3182 37 12.11 3215 38 12.12 3157 40 12.13 3038 42 12.14 2941 42 12.15 2828 43 12.16 2796 43 12.17 2958 42 12.18 3214 42 12.19 3184 42 12.20 3106 42 12.21 2966 42 12.22 2766 42 12.23 2440 40 12.24 2165 40 13.01 1975 40 13.02 1907 40 13.03 1901 40 13.04 1934 39 13.05 2058 39 13.06 2463 40 13.07 3053 40 13.08 3379 39 13.09 3309 39 13.10 3201 42 13.11 3102 43 13.12 2977 44 13.13 2878 45 13.14 2798 45 13.15 2759 46 13.16 2812 46 13.17 3013 44

13.18 3317 44 13.19 3334 44 13.20 3223 44 13.21 3059 42 13.22 2812 42 13.23 2440 42 13.24 2119 43 14.01 1924 42 14.02 1849 43 14.03 1834 43 14.04 1853 43 14.05 1963 43 14.06 2327 42 14.07 2904 43 14.08 3217 43 14.09 3165 43 14.10 3019 44 14.11 2932 47 14.12 2833 47 14.13 2773 47 14.14 2730 48 14.15 2681 49 14.16 2733 47 14.17 2900 46 14.18 3198 45 14.19 3205 46 14.20 3105 47 14.21 2943 48 14.22 2717 44 14.23 2396 45 14.24 2093 45 15.01 1892 44 15.02 1812 44 15.03 1800 44 15.04 1815 44 15.05 1929 43 15.06 2286 43 15.07 2864 43 15.08 3175 43 15.09 3125 43 15.10 3013 46 15.11 2924 48 15.12 2809 48 15.13 2723 50 15.14 2674 51 15.15 2631 51 15.16 2672 50 15.17 2858 50 15.18 3125 50 15.19 3129 50 15.20 3015 48 15.21 2867 49 15.22 2651 48 15.23 2322 48 15.24 2009 48 16.01 1816 47 16.02 1734 47 16.03 1720 47 16.04 1727 47

16.05 1825 46 16.06 2173 46 16.07 2731 46 16.08 3037 45 16.09 3043 46 16.10 2929 46 16.11 2861 46 16.12 2780 46 16.13 2713 47 16.14 2660 47 16.15 2612 48 16.16 2623 46 16.17 2818 44 16.18 3179 43 16.19 3238 43 16.20 3150 43 16.21 3031 40 16.22 2833 40 16.23 2524 40 16.24 2223 40 17.01 2034 39 17.02 1977 39 17.03 1970 38 17.04 1995 37 17.05 2118 36 17.06 2506 36 17.07 3096 35 17.08 3445 35 17.09 3420 35 17.10 3286 37 17.11 3162 39 17.12 3012 42 17.13 2887 43 17.14 2780 44 17.15 2692 44 17.16 2739 43 17.17 2948 37 17.18 3306 35 17.19 3344 35 17.20 3243 37 17.21 3115 36 17.22 2952 34 17.23 2709 35 17.24 2440 34 18.01 2242 30 18.02 2157 31 18.03 2139 32 18.04 2161 33 18.05 2219 33 18.06 2375 32 18.07 2595 31 18.08 2919 34 18.09 3278 35 18.10 3430 34 18.11 3389 37 18.12 3244 38 18.13 3051 39 18.14 2863 38 18.15 2749 39

18.16 2734 39 18.17 2870 38 18.18 3170 42 18.19 3176 43 18.20 3071 44 18.21 2949 43 18.22 2811 42 18.23 2616 39 18.24 2392 40 19.01 2215 38 19.02 2132 35 19.03 2103 39 19.04 2124 39 19.05 2184 35 19.06 2304 34 19.07 2506 33 19.08 2803 33 19.09 3134 36 19.10 3225 41 19.11 3134 45 19.12 2932 47 19.13 2743 49 19.14 2558 49 19.15 2423 53 19.16 2409 53 19.17 2597 49 19.18 2989 46 19.19 3060 44 19.20 3002 43 19.21 2923 42 19.22 2777 41 19.23 2519 38 19.24 2271 37 20.01 2117 45 20.02 2068 45 20.03 2083 45 20.04 2136 46 20.05 2266 46 20.06 2559 45 20.07 2973 46 20.08 3273 44 20.09 3425 44 20.10 3446 46 20.11 3350 47 20.12 3207 47 20.13 3030 50 20.14 2907 49 20.15 2826 48 20.16 2857 47 20.17 3025 45 20.18 3324 45 20.19 3321 44 20.20 3219 43 20.21 3066 43 20.22 2783 42 20.23 2437 41 20.24 2125 40 21.01 1925 47 21.02 1849 44

21.03 1835 44 21.04 1876 43 21.05 2009 43 21.06 2405 43 21.07 3001 43 21.08 3329 43 21.09 3264 43 21.10 3106 44 21.11 2949 47 21.12 2872 48 21.13 2650 49 21.14 2639 49 21.15 2585 48 21.16 2605 48 21.17 2789 44 21.18 3212 42 21.19 3293 42 21.20 3236 40 21.21 3109 40 21.22 2876 40 21.23 2557 39 21.24 2221 38 22.01 2038 38 22.02 1974 39 22.03 1965 39 22.04 1979 40 22.05 2112 40 22.06 2478 40 22.07 3065 39 22.08 3375 41 22.09 3319 42 22.10 3191 44 22.11 3082 47 22.12 2994 46 22.13 2950 47 22.14 2894 47 22.15 2878 48 22.16 2925 47 22.17 3087 46 22.18 3342 45 22.19 3339 45 22.20 3208 45 22.21 3044 45 22.22 2779 45 22.23 2431 45 22.24 2109 46 23.01 1914 47 23.02 1831 49 23.03 1793 49 23.04 1797 49 23.05 1883 49 23.06 2220 50 23.07 2747 50 23.08 3036 50 23.09 2993 50 23.10 2911 51 23.11 2832 52 23.12 2769 52 23.13 2735 52

23.14 2713 52 23.15 2686 52 23.16 2723 52 23.17 2870 52 23.18 3115 50 23.19 3141 49 23.20 3032 48 23.21 2878 48 23.22 2640 48 23.23 2319 49 23.24 2018 50 24.01 1811 50 24.02 1734 50 24.03 1722 49 24.04 1724 48 24.05 1817 48 24.06 2138 48 24.07 2683 47 24.08 2994 47 24.09 2967 48 24.10 2860 49 24.11 2798 50 24.12 2719 51 24.13 2646 52 24.14 2598 53 24.15 2522 54 24.16 2545 55 24.17 2679 54 24.18 2945 55 24.19 2925 54 24.20 2798 55 24.21 2638 54 24.22 2476 55 24.23 2264 55 24.24 2024 55 25.01 1810 50 25.02 1706 48 25.03 1663 52 25.04 1649 52 25.05 1694 47 25.06 1811 47 25.07 1989 47 25.08 2286 48 25.09 2619 47 25.10 2842 49 25.11 2875 48 25.12 2851 47 25.13 2669 50 25.14 2535 49 25.15 2471 49 25.16 2439 50 25.17 2525 49 25.18 2811 47 25.19 2847 46 25.20 2736 46 25.21 2616 45 25.22 2466 44 25.23 2314 44 25.24 2112 43

26.01 1941 42 26.02 1856 42 26.03 1833 42 26.04 1839 42 26.05 1898 39 26.06 2005 38 26.07 2177 41 26.08 2481 39 26.09 2830 42 26.10 3031 44 26.11 3091 43 26.12 3050 44 26.13 2995 44 26.14 2893 47 26.15 2766 46 26.16 2672 46 26.17 2685 44 26.18 2872 46 26.19 2866 48 26.20 2840 48 26.21 2764 48 26.22 2577 49 26.23 2276 46 26.24 2002 47 27.01 1815 46 27.02 1757 46 27.03 1729 46 27.04 1755 46 27.05 1859 46 27.06 2208 47 27.07 2728 47 27.08 3033 48 27.09 3058 47 27.10 3016 48 27.11 2991 50 27.12 2930 50 27.13 2870 50 27.14 2790 51 27.15 2742 51 27.16 2763 51 27.17 2914 50 27.18 3149 50 27.19 3158 49 27.20 3039 49 27.21 2882 49 27.22 2615 52 27.23 2306 52 27.24 1981 52 28.01 1777 53 28.02 1698 52 28.03 1666 52 28.04 1672 51 28.05 1762 50 28.06 2094 50 28.07 2629 50 28.08 2941 50 28.09 2893 50 28.10 2828 48 28.11 2751 50

28.12 2672 50 28.13 2695 46 28.14 2670 45 28.15 2619 48 28.16 2656 48 28.17 2815 47 28.18 3144 45 28.19 3145 47 28.20 3058 48 28.21 2904 49 28.22 2672 49 28.23 2342 48 28.24 2034 47 29.01 1856 47 29.02 1787 48 29.03 1759 47 29.04 1773 47 29.05 1871 47 29.06 2195 48 29.07 2727 48 29.08 3042 48 29.09 3005 49 29.10 2903 49 29.11 2848 50 29.12 2759 52 29.13 2687 54 29.14 2599 56 29.15 2521 59 29.16 2543 56 29.17 2688 54 29.18 2989 56 29.19 3019 54 29.20 2913 54 29.21 2773 54 29.22 2543 55 29.23 2232 57 29.24 1957 59 30.01 1761 55 30.02 1677 53 30.03 1646 52 30.04 1647 50 30.05 1755 49 30.06 2082 48 30.07 2599 48 30.08 2919 50 30.09 2922 50 30.10 2806 50 30.11 2736 51 30.12 2666 52 30.13 2610 52 30.14 2560 53 30.15 2540 53 30.16 2605 52 30.17 2753 50 30.18 3012 50 30.19 3043 50 30.20 2949 50 30.21 2817 50 30.22 2592 51

30.23 2295 51 30.24 1994 51 31.01 1817 51 31.02 1729 51 31.03 1691 51 31.04 1685 51 31.05 1780 52 31.06 2072 53 31.07 2562 54 31.08 2872 52 31.09 2848 55 31.10 2786 57 31.11 2748 57 31.12 2661 57 31.13 2587 57 31.14 2531 58 31.15 2476 58 31.16 2502 53 31.17 2621 50 31.18 2858 50 31.19 2874 50 31.20 2742 49 31.21 2614 49 31.22 2437 48 31.23 2232 47 31.24 1992 47

DATA10-3: Foreign exchange rate: Germany Deutsche Marks per U.S. dollar Source: International Financial Statistics, Range 1.725 - 3.303.

SAMPLE 1 157* Monthly data for the sample period Jan 1973 to Jan 1986READ (DATA10-3) period exchrate

1973.01 3.1961973.02 3.0051973.03 2.8131973.04 2.8371973.05 2.7901973.06 2.5781973.07 2.3351973.08 2.4261973.09 2.4241973.10 2.4141973.11 2.5801973.12 2.6571974.01 2.8151974.02 2.7141974.03 2.6171974.04 2.5261974.05 2.4611974.06 2.5251974.07 2.5531974.08 2.6181974.09 2.6611974.10 2.593

1974.11 2.5101974.12 2.4501975.01 2.3641975.02 2.3271975.03 2.3191975.04 2.3761975.05 2.3501975.06 2.3401975.07 2.4711975.08 2.5741975.09 2.6181975.10 2.5811975.11 2.5891975.12 2.6221976.01 2.6021976.02 2.5621976.03 2.5601976.04 2.5381976.05 2.5621976.06 2.5771976.07 2.5741976.08 2.5291976.09 2.4891976.10 2.4291976.11 2.4131976.12 2.3831977.01 2.3931977.02 2.4051977.03 2.3921977.04 2.3741977.05 2.3591977.06 2.3561977.07 2.2821977.08 2.3171977.09 2.3241977.10 2.2781977.11 2.2411977.12 2.1511978.01 2.1181978.02 2.0771978.03 2.0331978.04 2.0421978.05 2.1051978.06 2.0841978.07 2.0561978.08 1.9971978.09 1.9691978.10 1.8371978.11 1.9041978.12 1.8791979.01 1.8501979.02 1.8571979.03 1.8601979.04 1.8961979.05 1.9081979.06 1.8841979.07 1.8241979.08 1.8291979.09 1.794

1979.10 1.7891979.11 1.7711979.12 1.7341980.01 1.7251980.02 1.7481980.03 1.8511980.04 1.8761980.05 1.7911980.06 1.7671980.07 1.7471980.08 1.7901980.09 1.7891980.10 1.8421980.11 1.9191980.12 1.9701981.01 2.0111981.02 2.1391981.03 2.1061981.04 2.1641981.05 2.2941981.06 2.3781981.07 2.4401981.08 2.5011981.09 2.3521981.10 2.2541981.11 2.2291981.12 2.2581982.01 2.2941982.02 2.3661982.03 2.3801982.04 2.3971982.05 2.3131982.06 2.4291982.07 2.4661982.08 2.4811982.09 2.5051982.10 2.5321982.11 2.5541982.12 2.4191983.01 2.3891983.02 2.4281983.03 2.4111983.04 2.4401983.05 2.4671983.06 2.5491983.07 2.5911983.08 2.6741983.09 2.6681983.10 2.6031983.11 2.6851983.12 2.7501984.01 2.8111984.02 2.6981984.03 2.5971984.04 2.6471984.05 2.7481984.06 2.7401984.07 2.8491984.08 2.886

1984.09 3.0311984.10 3.0681984.11 2.9981984.12 3.1041985.01 3.1711985.02 3.3031985.03 3.2981985.04 3.0951985.05 3.1091985.06 3.0641985.07 2.9081985.08 2.7941985.09 2.8381985.10 2.6451985.11 2.5951985.12 2.5121986.01 2.438

DATA10-4: Annual data on U.S. Military expenditures and their determinants Data compiled by Jan Blackburn from the History of American Statistics from Colonial Times, and Historical Tables: Budget of the U.S. Government. ug : unadjusted annual government outlays expressed in billions of dollars, Range 9.589 - 1004.586. um: total U.S. military outlays expressed in billions of dollars for the years 1940-87, Range 1.504 - 273.966. gnpdef: annual implicity gnp deflator for federal government purchases of goods and services, base year 1972, Range 22.7 - 270.5. hdem : percent of democrats in the house of representatives, Range 43.318 - 67.810. sdem: percent of democrats in the senate, Range 46 - 71.875. pres: party of the president in office Rep = 1 Demo = 0 . elect: 1 for the year in which the president might have an incentive to increase and decrease military expenditure as a means of stabilizing the government, 0 otherwise. reagan: 1 for the years during which President Reagen was in office, 0 otherwise. opp: 1 denotes a year in which the majority party in the senate is of the opposing party with respect to the president in office, 0 otherwise ww2: 1 during the World War II period, 1941-1945, 0 elsewhere. kwar: 1 during the Korean war period, 1951-1953, 0 elsewhere. vwar: 1 during the Vietnam war period, 1965-1969, 0 elsewhere. krus: 1 for the years during which Kruschev may have changed Soviet military policy, 0 otherwise. gorb: 1 for the years during which soviet leader Gorbachav may have changed Soviet military policy, 0 otherwise. salt: the structural change possibly brought about by the SALT I treaty, 0 = before and 1 = after.

SAMPLE 1 48* Sample period 1940-1987READ (DATA10-4) year ug um gnpdef hdem sdem pres elect reagan opp & ww2 kwar vwar krus gorb salt

1940 9.589 1.504 22.7 60.138 71.875 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1941 13.980 6.062 27.8 61.609 68.750 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 01942 34.500 23.970 33.0 61.609 68.750 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 01943 78.909 63.212 34.0 50.698 60.417 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 01944 93.956 76.874 33.1 50.698 60.417 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 01945 95.184 81.585 31.9 55.760 58.333 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 01946 61.738 44.731 30.2 55.760 58.333 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01947 36.931 13.059 35.0 43.318 46.875 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 01948 36.493 13.015 39.0 43.318 46.875 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 01949 40.570 13.097 41.4 60.460 56.250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01950 43.147 13.119 39.6 60.460 56.250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01951 45.757 22.544 46.6 53.917 51.042 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 01952 67.692 44.015 48.9 53.917 51.042 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 01953 76.769 50.413 50.1 48.618 48.958 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 01954 70.890 46.645 49.1 48.618 48.958 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01955 68.509 40.245 50.4 53.333 50.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01956 70.460 40.305 52.9 53.333 50.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01957 76.741 42.760 55.1 53.811 51.042 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01958 82.575 44.371 57.7 53.811 51.042 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01959 92.104 46.617 59.0 64.989 65.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01960 92.223 45.908 59.4 64.989 65.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 01961 97.795 47.381 60.2 60.183 65.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 01962 106.813 51.097 62.0 60.183 65.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 01963 111.311 52.257 63.5 59.310 67.000 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 01964 118.584 53.591 65.1 59.310 67.000 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 01965 118.430 49.578 67.1 67.816 68.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01966 134.652 56.785 70.0 67.816 68.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01967 158.254 70.708 72.7 56.912 64.000 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01968 178.833 80.517 76.5 56.912 64.000 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 01969 184.548 81.232 80.1 55.862 57.000 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 01970 196.588 80.295 86.6 55.862 57.000 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 01971 210.172 77.497 92.7 58.525 54.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 01972 230.681 77.645 100.0 58.525 54.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 11973 245.707 75.033 106.3 55.324 56.000 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 11974 269.359 77.864 114.9 55.324 56.000 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 11975 332.332 84.852 126.0 66.897 60.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 11976 371.779 87.917 133.5 66.897 60.000 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 11977 409.203 95.147 150.2 67.126 61.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11978 458.729 102.259 160.7 67.126 61.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11979 503.464 113.605 175.3 63.741 58.000 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11980 590.920 130.912 195.2 63.741 58.000 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11981 678.209 153.868 213.2 55.862 46.000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11982 745.706 180.714 228.3 55.862 46.000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11983 808.327 204.410 237.4 61.982 46.000 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11984 851.781 220.928 244.9 61.982 46.000 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11985 946.316 245.154 257.1 58.065 47.000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 11986 990.258 265.480 263.2 58.065 47.000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 11987 1004.586 273.966 270.5 59.310 55.000 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1

DATA10-5: Average hourly earnings in dollars, for the United States, and California. Source: 1995 Economic Report of the Governor, State of California Table 9, Page A-8. Range for calwage is 2.62 - 12.44 and for uswage is 2.26 - 12.06.

SAMPLE 1 35* Sample period 1960-1994READ (DATA10-5) year calwage uswage

1960 2.62 2.261961 2.72 2.321962 2.79 2.381963 2.88 2.451964 2.96 2.531965 3.05 2.611966 3.16 2.721967 3.29 2.821968 3.44 3.011969 3.62 3.191970 3.80 3.351971 4.02 3.571972 4.25 3.821973 4.44 4.091974 4.76 4.431975 5.22 4.831976 5.59 5.221977 6.00 5.671978 6.43 6.171979 7.03 6.701980 7.70 7.271981 8.56 7.991982 9.24 8.491983 9.52 8.831984 9.77 9.191985 10.12 9.541986 10.36 9.731987 10.75 9.911988 10.80 10.191989 11.16 10.481990 11.48 10.831991 11.87 11.181992 12.19 11.451993 12.38 11.741994 12.44 12.06

DATA10-6: Annual data for the U.S. for the period 1959-1994 N = Population in millions, Econ. Report of the President, 1996, Table B-30, Range 177.83 - 260.66. M = Money supply in billions, M3, Ec. Report, 1996, Table B-65, Range 299.8 - 4303.9. P = GDP deflator, 1992 = 100, Ec. Report, 1996, Table B-3, Range 23 - 105.

SAMPLE 1 36* Sample period 1959-1994READ (DATA10-6) YEAR N M P

1959 177.830 299.80 23.001960 180.671 315.30 23.301961 183.691 341.00 23.601962 186.538 371.40 23.901963 189.242 406.00 24.201964 191.889 442.50 24.601965 194.303 482.20 25.00

1966 196.560 505.10 25.701967 198.712 557.10 26.601968 200.706 606.20 27.701969 202.677 615.00 29.001970 205.052 677.40 30.601971 207.661 776.10 32.101972 209.896 886.00 33.501973 211.909 984.90 35.401974 213.854 1070.30 38.501975 215.973 1172.20 42.201976 218.035 1311.70 44.601977 220.239 1472.50 47.501978 222.585 1646.30 50.901979 225.055 1803.70 55.301980 227.726 1988.50 60.401981 229.966 2236.60 66.101982 232.188 2440.60 70.201983 234.307 2684.80 73.201984 236.348 2981.50 75.901985 238.466 3200.20 78.601986 240.651 3488.70 80.601987 242.804 3675.80 83.101988 245.021 3915.60 86.101989 247.342 4066.00 89.701990 249.913 4123.20 93.601991 252.650 4176.00 97.301992 255.419 4182.90 100.001993 258.137 4242.30 102.601994 260.660 4303.90 105.00

DATA10-7: Population of the state of California, in millions, Range 15.863 - 32.14. Source: Economic Report of the Governor, 1995, Table 1, P. A-1.

SAMPLE 1 35* Sample period 1960-1994READ (DATA10-7) year pop

1960 15.8631961 16.4121962 16.9511963 17.5301964 18.0261965 18.4641966 18.8311967 19.1751968 19.4321969 19.7451970 20.0391971 20.3461972 20.5851973 20.8691974 21.1741975 21.5381976 21.9361977 22.3521978 22.836

1979 23.2571980 23.7821981 24.2781982 24.8051983 25.3371984 25.8161985 26.4031986 27.0521987 27.7171988 28.3931989 29.1421990 29.9761991 30.6551992 31.3061993 31.7461994 32.140

DATA10-8: Exchange rate and determinants for Korea. All data sets were obtained from the International Fnancial Satistics. Data compiled by Patrick Wise. period = 1980.1 - 1995.3 (63 observations) exrate = the exchange rate of Korean won/$ US (quartely average), Range 571.01 - 891.37. curracc = the current account balance for Korea, Range -3623 to 4829. trade = the trade balance for Korea, Range -3419 to 4070. m1_k = the money(M1) supply for Korea, Range 2960.2 - 30643.9. m1_u = the money(M1) supply for U.S., Range 384.73 - 1094.57. irate_k = the yield on Korean gov't bonds, Range 11.1 - 27.9. irate_u = the yield on U.S. gov't bonds, Range 5.62 - 14.85. pricek = the wholesale price index for korea (1985=100), Range 64.8 - 108.97. priceu = the wholesale price index for U.S. (1985=100), Range 74.4 - 103.1.

SAMPLE 1 63READ (DATA10-8) period exrate curracc trade m1_k m1_u & irate_k irate_u pricek priceu

1980.1 571.01 -1503 -1318 3200.3 388.17 27.9 11.99 64.80 74.41980.2 594.07 -1365 -1084 2960.2 384.73 26.2 10.48 71.71 75.91980.3 613.33 -1104 -1029 3487.0 399.40 24.8 10.95 74.42 78.41980.4 651.32 -1301 -953 3807.0 410.67 22.2 12.42 78.42 80.21981.1 667.17 -1096 -966 3825.3 414.90 21.8 12.96 82.65 82.61981.2 680.95 -1322 -894 3711.7 424.87 25.6 13.75 87.44 84.51981.3 685.89 -858 -709 3286.0 427.13 20.3 14.85 89.56 85.11981.4 690.10 -1298 -1059 3982.4 432.73 17.1 14.09 89.64 85.01982.1 710.07 -261 -420 3942.6 442.30 15.3 14.29 90.94 85.71982.2 728.28 -383 -406 4213.4 446.57 16.9 13.93 91.21 85.81982.3 741.30 -600 -710 5552.5 452.17 13.3 13.12 91.62 86.21982.4 744.69 -1269 -1058 5799.3 470.77 13.0 10.67 91.86 86.31983.1 753.43 -1180 -1269 5625.5 483.73 12.9 10.56 92.27 86.31983.2 769.54 -415 -260 5690.7 498.67 13.1 10.54 91.52 86.61983.3 785.25 548 216 6288.3 510.47 13.7 11.63 91.21 87.51983.4 794.78 -457 -450 6783.4 519.53 13.9 11.69 91.23 87.91984.1 795.73 -628 -643 6610.7 527.77 14.6 11.94 91.62 88.9

1984.2 798.17 -448 -397 6142.4 536.77 15.1 13.20 91.88 89.51984.3 810.52 -437 -427 6630.3 541.97 15.0 12.87 92.66 89.31984.4 819.49 264 431 6820.7 547.80 14.4 12.08 92.75 89.01985.1 838.72 -597 -521 6526.9 561.97 12.9 11.58 92.75 88.81985.2 867.04 -357 -6 6017.4 576.00 12.0 10.81 92.85 88.91985.3 882.95 289 413 6893.8 596.57 11.1 10.34 93.02 88.31985.4 891.37 -93 95 7557.9 613.33 11.7 9.76 93.55 88.91986.1 887.08 -411 -176 7169.6 626.57 11.8 8.56 92.63 87.51986.2 887.05 926 1008 6923.5 651.30 11.6 7.60 90.63 85.91986.3 882.18 2051 1602 7576.7 679.10 11.8 7.31 91.56 85.51986.4 869.50 2181 1772 8808.9 708.60 12.5 7.26 90.91 85.81987.1 855.69 2183 1561 7712.1 731.53 12.4 7.19 91.18 86.81987.2 827.80 2541 1862 8283.1 744.37 13.0 8.34 92.21 88.21987.3 807.54 2644 1853 9632.4 745.40 12.8 8.88 92.30 89.21987.4 799.24 2724 2383 10107.3 753.20 12.2 9.12 92.70 89.61988.1 771.46 2994 2258 8542.8 758.80 13.9 8.42 94.19 90.11988.2 735.64 3021 2286 9247.2 772.97 13.3 8.91 94.26 91.61988.3 722.97 3694 2831 10372.2 783.07 12.5 9.10 95.03 92.91988.4 695.79 4829 4070 12151.7 785.40 15.9 8.96 94.97 93.31989.1 677.46 1430 1093 10029.8 784.33 15.6 9.21 95.40 95.41989.2 666.88 1319 1036 10749.8 776.10 14.9 8.77 96.09 97.01989.3 668.56 1001 933 11881.8 779.87 14.3 8.11 95.99 96.71989.4 672.92 1637 1535 14328.0 789.77 14.7 7.91 96.52 97.11990.1 690.37 -982 -1052 13347.3 798.43 15.0 8.42 97.08 98.51990.2 710.19 -345 -303 12812.1 807.07 16.1 8.68 99.16 98.31990.3 715.47 1041 905 14786.3 816.00 16.0 8.70 100.58 100.11990.4 715.04 -1459 -1554 15905.2 822.53 16.3 8.40 103.19 103.11991.1 721.61 -3623 -3419 15328.7 833.17 16.6 8.02 104.33 101.01991.2 725.33 -1701 -1386 15060.3 850.20 16.9 8.13 104.53 100.01991.3 733.27 -2283 -1854 16178.3 866.50 16.4 7.94 104.73 99.81991.4 753.21 -684 -321 21752.3 887.77 16.1 7.35 105.20 100.01992.1 766.50 -3231 -2722 19702.4 924.33 14.8 7.30 106.07 99.71992.2 783.38 -967 -518 21496.9 950.40 13.0 7.38 106.90 100.81992.3 787.31 -202 251 22083.7 975.57 12.2 6.62 107.83 101.31992.4 785.42 461 843 24586.4 1014.73 11.4 6.74 107.10 101.41993.1 793.94 -606 -345 23734.6 1034.73 12.5 6.08 107.77 101.81993.2 799.50 -242 -181 24170.1 1064.03 12.2 5.99 108.67 102.81993.3 808.33 584 804 30643.9 1094.57 12.0 5.62 108.97 102.31993.4 808.91 1280 1582 29041.3 1121.60 12.0 5.61 109.00 102.31994.1 807.78 -1924 -1476 26391.4 1136.80 12.2 6.07 110.50 102.71994.2 807.24 -297 -161 28344.1 1144.57 13.0 7.08 110.67 103.31994.3 803.10 -1527 -1256 28819.3 1150.60 14.0 7.33 112.07 104.01994.4 795.66 -107 -253 32510.6 1148.77 13.4 7.95 113.03 104.41995.1 786.70 -3064 -2493 30920.8 1148.53 12.0 7.48 115.13 106.11995.2 763.33 -2517 -1820 31626.3 1147.27 10.1 6.62 117.20 107.51995.3 765.77 -1970 -758 31370.5 1143.10 10.5 6.32 117.83 107.7

DATA11-1: Data on total number of full-time nonagricultural wage and salary workers in hundred thousands, Range 94341 - 108176. Source: Employment & Earnings, compiled by William C. Ryburn.

SAMPLE 1 48* Monthly data, Sample period 1983.01-1986.12READ (DATA11-1) PERIOD TOTALEMP

1983.01 943411983.02 943991983.03 950231983.04 956551983.05 960321983.06 978361983.07 991441983.08 991791983.09 988251983.10 992521983.11 998661983.12 998521984.01 984631984.02 991041984.03 998981984.04 1004371984.05 1015671984.06 1029321984.07 1035361984.08 1029821984.09 1022471984.10 1029941984.11 1030191984.12 1030371985.01 1015141985.02 1018571985.03 1028591985.04 1029461985.05 1035031985.06 1041851985.07 1051441985.08 1051161985.09 1046921985.10 1053181985.11 1053621985.12 1052541986.01 1041401986.02 1040211986.03 1047441986.04 1050801986.05 1056951986.06 1072181986.07 1081761986.08 1080751986.09 1069631986.10 1076661986.11 1076731986.12 107762

DATA12-1: Data represent a random selection of 60 individuals applying to The University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine for the year 1988. Compiled by Steven Bramson. Accept = 1 if granted an acceptance, 0 if otherwise GPA = Cumulative undergraduate Grade Point Average, Range 1.88 - 2.9. Bio = Score in Biology portion of the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT), Range 2 - 9. Chem = Score in Chemistry portion of MCAT, Range 2 - 9.

Phy = Score in Physics portion of MCAT, Range 3 - 9. Red = Score in Reading portion of MCAT, Range 3 - 7. Prb = Score in Problem portion of MCAT, Range 2 - 7. Qnt = Score in Quantitative portion of MCAT, Range 2 - 7. Age = Age of Applicant, Range 21 - 23. Gender = 1 if Male, 0 if Female

SAMPLE 1 60READ (DATA12-1) Accept GPA Bio Chem Phy Red Prb Qnt Age Gender

1 3.33 9 10 8 7 5 8 23 10 2.70 7 6 9 7 5 8 24 00 2.76 8 8 8 6 10 9 25 11 3.80 10 13 14 11 11 13 28 01 3.40 9 10 12 6 5 7 33 10 2.90 10 9 8 7 5 7 33 00 2.09 6 4 5 3 3 2 31 11 3.45 8 9 12 7 9 9 27 00 2.16 7 6 7 9 9 8 24 11 2.80 9 8 9 6 7 6 24 00 1.98 6 4 9 5 4 5 22 11 3.20 9 12 10 8 7 6 22 01 3.00 7 9 10 10 7 5 22 11 3.01 11 11 10 9 9 8 22 01 3.77 10 11 11 11 9 10 23 11 2.67 10 8 12 8 7 6 24 01 2.98 11 8 9 7 7 8 21 10 2.34 7 7 6 3 3 4 21 01 2.84 10 6 7 6 6 7 23 10 2.67 10 6 8 7 7 6 26 01 3.98 14 13 14 13 13 14 30 11 3.26 13 10 12 10 11 12 23 00 1.88 7 5 5 4 4 3 23 10 2.73 10 8 7 7 8 7 22 00 2.12 6 7 8 7 6 6 22 10 2.24 10 10 9 7 7 6 22 00 3.47 10 10 10 9 10 11 22 11 3.80 12 10 9 6 5 6 22 00 3.96 10 10 9 10 8 9 22 11 3.02 13 10 10 8 7 7 22 00 2.90 10 9 8 8 7 7 21 11 2.78 10 10 9 6 6 7 21 01 3.00 13 13 11 9 9 9 23 10 3.00 10 9 8 8 9 7 24 01 3.21 8 9 10 11 11 7 26 10 3.12 7 6 7 6 5 6 27 00 2.46 2 4 3 3 2 3 28 01 2.97 12 9 10 8 9 7 24 00 2.08 9 8 7 6 6 6 25 01 3.08 11 11 10 9 7 8 22 10 2.77 9 8 9 7 8 7 22 01 2.36 12 10 9 9 10 8 22 11 2.88 13 11 7 9 10 8 22 01 1.99 7 14 10 7 6 5 22 10 2.99 6 8 7 8 8 6 22 00 3.42 7 4 5 7 8 5 23 11 2.80 9 8 12 10 10 10 22 0

1 3.99 9 11 12 11 11 12 21 10 2.66 12 11 12 9 8 9 22 01 3.05 11 10 9 7 8 9 23 10 2.08 6 4 5 4 7 4 23 11 4.00 10 14 13 13 14 12 26 00 2.40 9 7 8 6 6 5 24 10 3.88 12 11 9 8 7 7 23 00 2.66 9 8 11 6 5 4 23 11 3.67 13 12 14 13 13 13 23 01 2.08 7 7 6 8 6 7 22 10 2.78 7 10 9 7 7 6 22 00 2.77 5 2 3 5 4 4 22 10 3.91 7 5 8 5 4 4 22 0

DATA13-1: U.S. Annual data from the 1994 Economic Report of the President Compiled by Sigalit Orr. GDP = Gross domestic product in billions of 1987 dollars, Table B-2, Range 1928.8 - 5132.7. CONS = Personal consumption expenditures in billions of 1987 dollars, Table B-2, Range 1178.9 - 3452.5. INV = Gross private domestic Investment in billions of 1987 dollars, Table B-2, Range 289.4 - 820.9. EXPORTS = Exports of goods and services in billions of 1987 dollars, Table B-2, Range 73.8 - 596.4. IMPORTS = Imports of goods and services in billions of 1987 dollars, Table B-2, Range 95.3 - 675.7. GOVEXP = Government purchases of goods and services in billions of 1987 dollars,Table B-2, Range 475.3 - 946.3. GOVREC = Federal, State, and Local government receipts in billions of dollars, Table B-81, Range 128.8 1969.1. MONYSUP = Money supply measure M2, currency, demand deposits, savings deposits, Eurodollar, overnight repurchase agreements, in billions of current dollars, Table B-68, Range 297.8 - 3551.7. Pt = Implicit price deflators for gross domestic product, Base year 1987, Table B-3, Range 25.6 - 124.2. rt = Corporate Aaa bond yields as percent, Table B-72, Range 4.26 - 14.17. POP = U.S. Population in millions, Table B-32, Range 177.83 - 258.233.

SAMPLE 1 35* Sample period 1959-1993READ (DATA13-1) YEAR GDP CONS INV EXPORTS IMPORTS GOVEXP GOVREC & MONYSUP Pt rt POP

1959 1928.8 1178.9 296.4 73.8 95.6 475.3 128.8 297.8 25.6 4.38 177.8301960 1970.8 1210.8 290.8 88.4 96.1 476.9 138.8 312.3 26.0 4.41 180.6711961 2023.8 1238.4 289.4 89.9 95.3 501.5 144.1 335.5 26.3 4.35 183.6911962 2128.1 1293.3 321.2 95.0 105.5 524.2 155.8 362.7 26.9 4.33 186.5381963 2215.6 1341.9 343.3 101.8 107.7 536.3 167.5 393.2 27.2 4.26 189.242

1964 2340.6 1417.2 371.8 115.4 112.9 549.1 172.9 424.8 27.7 4.40 191.8891965 2470.5 1497.0 413.0 118.1 124.5 566.9 187.0 459.3 28.4 4.49 194.3031966 2616.2 1573.8 438.0 125.7 143.7 622.4 210.7 480.0 29.4 5.13 196.5601967 2685.2 1622.4 418.6 130.0 153.7 667.9 226.4 524.3 30.3 5.51 198.7121968 2796.9 1707.5 440.1 140.2 177.7 686.8 260.9 566.3 31.8 6.18 200.7061969 2873.0 1771.2 461.3 147.8 189.2 682.0 294.0 589.5 33.4 7.03 202.6771970 2873.9 1813.5 429.7 161.3 196.4 665.8 299.8 628.0 35.2 8.04 205.0521971 2955.9 1873.7 475.7 161.9 207.8 652.4 318.9 712.6 37.1 7.39 207.6611972 3107.1 1978.4 532.2 173.7 230.2 653.0 364.2 805.1 38.8 7.21 209.8961973 3268.6 2066.7 591.7 210.3 244.4 644.2 408.5 860.9 41.3 7.44 211.9091974 3248.1 2053.8 543.0 234.4 238.4 655.4 450.7 908.4 44.9 8.57 213.8541975 3221.7 2097.5 437.6 232.9 209.8 663.5 465.8 1023.1 49.2 8.83 215.9731976 3380.8 2207.3 520.6 243.4 249.7 659.2 532.6 1163.5 52.3 8.43 218.0351977 3533.3 2296.6 600.4 246.9 274.7 664.1 598.4 1286.4 55.9 8.02 220.2391978 3703.5 2391.8 664.6 270.2 300.1 677.0 673.2 1388.5 60.3 8.73 222.5851979 3796.8 2448.4 669.7 293.5 304.1 689.3 754.7 1496.4 65.5 9.63 225.0551980 3776.3 2447.1 594.4 320.5 289.9 704.2 825.7 1629.2 71.7 11.94 227.7261981 3843.1 2476.9 631.1 326.1 304.1 713.2 941.9 1792.6 78.9 14.17 229.9661982 3760.3 2503.7 540.5 296.7 304.1 723.6 960.5 1952.7 83.8 13.79 232.1881983 3906.6 2619.4 599.5 285.9 342.1 743.8 1016.4 2186.5 87.2 12.04 234.3071984 4148.5 2746.1 757.5 305.7 427.7 766.9 1123.6 2376.0 91.0 12.71 236.3481985 4279.8 2865.8 745.9 309.2 454.6 813.4 1217.0 2572.4 94.4 11.37 238.4661986 4404.5 2969.1 735.1 329.6 484.7 855.4 1290.8 2816.1 96.9 9.02 240.6511987 4539.9 3052.2 749.3 364.0 507.1 881.5 1405.2 2917.2 100.0 9.38 242.8041988 4718.6 3162.4 773.4 421.6 525.7 886.8 1492.4 3078.2 103.9 9.71 245.0211989 4838.0 3223.3 784.0 471.8 545.4 904.4 1622.6 3233.3 108.5 9.26 247.3421990 4897.3 3272.6 746.8 510.5 565.1 932.6 1709.1 3345.5 113.3 9.32 249.9001991 4861.4 3258.6 675.7 543.4 562.5 946.3 1755.2 3445.8 117.7 8.77 252.6711992 4986.3 3341.8 732.9 578.0 611.6 945.2 1849.4 3494.8 121.1 8.14 255.462

1993 5132.7 3452.5 820.9 596.4 675.7 938.6 1969.1 3551.7 124.2 7.22 258.233