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HEAD INJURY
WHAT IS HEAD INJURY?
Is a trauma to the skull resulting in mild to extensive damage to the brain.
What are the Causes? Fall Driving accidents (motor /vehicle
crashes? Gun shots(penetrating head injury)
What are the signs & symptoms?
vomiting, difficulty tolerating bright lights, leaking CSF from the ear or nose, bleeding from the ear , speech difficulty, paralysis, difficulty swallowing, and numbness of the body. nausea, dizziness, irritability, difficulty concentrating and thinking,
and amnesia.
WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS?
Cerebral bleedingHematomasUncontrolled increase of ICPInfectionsSeizuresPersonality & Behaviour
changes
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF HEAD INJURIES?
1. Open2. Closed
Scalp laceration
Fracture in the skull
Scalp laceration
-Thick subarachnoid hemorrhage more in the Left frontoparietal sulci
-Contusion hematoma at Left frontal Lobe and Left Temporal lobe
WHAT ARE THE INTERVENTIONS NEEDED?
1. Monitor respiratory status and maintain patent airway
2. Monitor neurological status V/S particularly the temperature3. Maintain head elevation4. Monitor for pain and restlessness5. Avoid Morphine sulfate
6. Monitor for drainage *what will you do if you note for drainage?7. Instruct client to avoid coughing. *why?
*What is the surgical procedure that could be done for head injured patients?
-CRANIOTOMY
POST-OPERATIVE CARE MANAGEMENT Monitor V/S and neurological status. Monitor for increase ICP. Provide a quite environment. Monitor the dressing frequently for signs
of drainage Record strict measurement of hourly I&O