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HB 233—2008 

Fire Protection Systems Testing—Water Conservation Handbook 

 !HANDBOOKTOASSISTINMINIMIZINGWASTAGEOFWATERDURINGüRETESTSANDACOMPANIONGUIDETO!3q

HB

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 HB 233—2008

ISBN 0 7337 8890 4

First published 2008

Author 

 —————————————————— 

Andre MierzwaVice President - Operations Chief Engineer – FM Global.

Andre has 33 years of experience with FM Global in Industrial/Commercial loss prevention engineering

specializing in fire protection systems and natural hazards exposures. Andre has worked for FM Global in Australia,

USA, Europe and Asia as a Consultant Engineer, Group Manager, Engineering Manager Australasia, Engineering

Manager Asia and currently Operations Chief Engineer. He is currently the chairman of the Built Environment

Technical Committee of The Insurance Council and Chairman/Convener/Committee member on various

Australian Standards Committees associated with Fire Protection Systems. Throughout his career he has worked

closely with FM Global Research and Engineering Standards groups, keeping up to date and contributing to work 

on updating worldwide fire protection technology and application standards.

Design and Production

 ———————————————— David Michel, Project Manager, Standards Australia

Acknowledgments

 ——————————————— 

The author gratefully acknowledges

Tyco Fire Products

Aspinall Fire Service Testing Pty Ltd

Department of Human Services Victoria

Standards Australia — HB 147, Sprinklers Simplified

FM Global

South East Water 

Endorsements

 ———————————— 

Fire Protection Association Australia

Building Commission

Water Services Association of Australia

Copyright

 ——————————————— 

 © Standards Australia

All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic

or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written

permission of the publisher.

Published by Standards Australia Limited, GPO Box 476 Sydney NSW 2000

Phone: 02 9237 6000

Fax: 02 9237 6010

Email: [email protected]

Internet: www.standards.org.au 

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i

 

ABSTRACT This Handbook has been developed to demonstrate the

amount of water used on average when testing systems, such

as, sprinklers, hydrants, pumps and hose reels, to AS 1851— 

2005 Maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment,together with action recommended to reduce the amount of

water used during systems test. Tables are provided to further 

demonstrate the amount of water actually used when

adopting the recommendations and the estimated amount of

water saved on each system. In providing an appreciation of

the approximate amount of water that is necessarily used for 

system testing, several water saving measures that can be

adopted are identified for each of the tests. Several worked

examples are included to assist building owners, consultants

and system designers in analysing the systems. 

FIGURE 0.1 MEANS OF CONTROLLING FIRE 

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iii

 

Contents 

Chapter 

AS 1851—2005 Sections requiring water flow during maintenance and testing  Page No.

Introduction 1

General overview of automatic sprinkler systems  3

Chapter 1 Automatic sprinkler systems 

1.1 15 mm alarm test Table 2.4.1.2 Item 2.2(a) 9

1.2 Pump start device check Table 2.4.1.2 Item 2.10(a) 12

1.3 Floor/zone indication test Table 2.4.1.2 Item 2.12(a) 14

1.4 Main drain test of town main Table 2.4.1.2 Item 2.16(a) 16

1.5 Town main full flow test Table 2.4.1.2 Item 2.17(a) 17

1.6 Remote alarm valve Table 2.4.1.2 Item 2.18(a) 19

1.7 Tank internal check — Drain Table 2.4.1.3 Item 3.18(a) 20

Chapter 2 Residential and home systems2.1 10 mm alarm test Table 2.4.2.2 Item 2.2(a) 23

2.3 Main drain flow test Table 2.4.2 .2 Item 2.13(a) 26

2.4 Remote alarm test Table 2.4.2 .2 Item 2.14(a) 26

2.5 Tank internal check — Drain Table 2.4 .2.1 Item 1.10(b) 27

Chapter 3 Dry pipe systems

3.1 Simulate operation Table 2.4.3 .2 Item 2.3(a) 29

3.2 Dry pipe (drain 50 mm) trip test Table 2.4 .3.2 Item 2.4(a) 31

Chapter 4 Deluge and water spray systems

4.1 Main drain test — 50 mm Table 2.4.4.2 Item 2.2(a) 33

Chapter 5 Pre-action systems

5.1 Alarm test local and fire brigade — Bypass Table 2.4 .5.2 Item 2.5(a) 375.2 Auxiliaries test — Trip test Table 2.4 .5.2 Item 2.6(a) 39

Chapter 6 Fire pumps and booster pumps

6.1 Pump starting devices — Diesel and electric

pump sets

Table 3.4.2.1 Item 2.5(a) & 2.8(a) 41

6.2 Diesel pump run and electric pump run — Circulation

relief and diesel heat exchanger cooling lines

Table 3.4.2.1 Item 2.6(l) & 2.6(a) 43

6.3 Diesel pump run and electric pump run — Pressure

relief

Table 3.4.2.1 Item 2.6(l) & 2.6(a) 46

6.4 Full flow test of diesel and/or electric pump Table 3.4.2.1 Item 2.12(a) & 2.13(a) 50

Chapter 7 Hydrant systems

7.1 Shared water supply piping systems 53

7.2 Pressure reducing valve check Table 4.4 .2 Item 2.5(a) 53

7.3 Town main full flow test Table 4.4 .2 Item 2.6(a) 54

7.4 Booster connection flow test Table 4.4 .2 Item 2.7 56

7.5 Hydrostatic test Table 4.4 .2 Item 2.8 56

7.6 Pump starting devices — Diesel and electric pumpsets Table 4.4 .2 Item 2.9(a) & 2.10(a) 58

7.7 Remote pump starting Table 4.4 .2 Item 2.11(a) 58

7.8 Tanks — Drain and inspect Table 4.4 .3 Item 3.12(a) 59

Chapter 8 Hose reels

8.1 Flow test Table 14.4.2 Items 2.8 & 2.9 61

Appendix A — Worked Examples 63

Bibliography 77

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iv

 

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HB 233 Introduction

Copyright 1

 

Introduction

Australia is the driest inhabited continent in the world. It also shares, with

Southern Africa, the most variable rainfall. Since Australian cities rely heavily on

dam storages for their water supplies, water conservation has always played an

important role in water management.

The severity and duration of the current drought has brought home once again

the importance of water conservation in the every day life of all Australians.

While the urban water industry is undertaking significant capital projects to

deliver additional water supplies to almost all Australian cities, the prospect of

climate change continues to pose a threat to urban water supplies and

underpins the continued importance of maintaining vigilance regarding water 

conservation.

Fire protection systems play a critical role in safeguarding both lives andproperties. Nevertheless it is not practical that, because of this importance, fire

protection should not be expected to play its part in water conservation. Millions

of litres of water are currently used in frequent testing of fire protection systems.

This water is neither metered nor is payment required for it. Both of these

arrangements are unsustainable in an environment where water efficiency is of

critical importance.

Water utilities are also held accountable for their own water efficiency and are

taking a number of actions in this area. One of the areas where significant

activity has been undertaken is leakage management. Improvements in leakage

management are being addressed by leakage detection and a systematic

program of pressure management. Pressure management may have implicationsfor the viability of existing fire protection systems that have been installed in

buildings.

Management of pressure reduction programs by both the water authorities and

building owners is therefore critical. This measure in many cases imposes a major 

cost on the building owner to upgrade the fire protection system, usually by the

installation of on-site water storage, which can be considered a mandatory

imposition of water conservation measures.

Looking at fire protection systems, the situation starts to get complex, many

systems are part of a building’s essential services; life safety systems required by

the Building Code of Australia (BCA). As such, these systems must be meticulouslymaintained to ensure that following the outbreak of fire, the systems will operate

reliably and effectively and according to their design standard or specification.

Even when the system does not form part of the essential services, it is critical for 

property protection, business survival and protection of the environment to

enforce the same level of testing and maintenance.

The maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment requires the

checking of the water supply feeding them; this can only be done by flowing

water during a test of the system. The only demand at present placed on the

building and system owner to conserve water is public opinion.

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HB 233-2008, Fire Protection Systems Testing -Water Conservation Handbook