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First Responder Awareness Level Training UNIT 1 - “Preparation”

Hazmat awareness & erg

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Page 1: Hazmat awareness & erg

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

UNIT 1 - “Preparation”

Page 2: Hazmat awareness & erg

Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives

• Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements

• Identify the role of the Awareness Level First Responder

• Identify the roles of the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency Response Commission (SERC)

Page 3: Hazmat awareness & erg

Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials

• Defined in numerous ways– U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)– U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)– U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA)

• Simplified Definition

• Extremely Hazardous Substances

Page 4: Hazmat awareness & erg

Hazardous Materials IncidentsHazardous Materials Incidents

“Haz-Mat” incidents are unique incidents. They require specialized protective measures not normally

available to first responders AND they demand a different operational

approach!

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Mechanisms of HarmMechanisms of Harm

T.E.A.M. C.P.R.Thermal Chemical

Etiological Psychological

AsphyxiationRadiological

Mechanical

Page 6: Hazmat awareness & erg

Public Safety “Duty to Act”Public Safety “Duty to Act”

• Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.

• Your level of involvement is defined by your employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).

• The actions you are expected to take should be in Standard Operating Procedure format.

• NEVER exceed your level of training and protection!

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Awareness Level Response Goals

Awareness Level Response Goals

Recognition

Isolation

Protection

Notification

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North American Emergency Response Guidebook

North American Emergency Response Guidebook

• Your tool for success.

• Every emergency vehicle should have a copy.

• Purpose:– An aid for identification of the material involved.– Outlines basic initial actions.– Recommends protective action areas.– Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

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Legal MandatesLegal Mandates

• Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of 1986 (SARA 1986).

• SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to develop safety regulations for responders.

• SARA Title III requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies.

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Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER)

Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER)

• OSHA and EPA’s safety standard which was developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA Title I, Section 126.

• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311.

• Enforced in all states by the State Department of Labor and Employment Security as well as OSHA and EPA.

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Five Levels of TrainingFive Levels of Training

• First Responder Awareness Level

• First Responder Operational Level

• Hazardous Materials Technician

• Hazardous Materials Specialist

• Hazardous Materials Incident Commander

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Operational ModesOperational Modes

• Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions.

• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions.

• The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety.

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Unit SummaryUnit Summary

• Definition and difference

• T.E.A.M. C.P.R. lists the potential hazards

• Duty to Act

• Four roles for awareness responders R.I.P. NOT!

• Employer’s Emergency Response Plan

• Five levels of training

• Two operational modes

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Unit 2 - “Hazard Identification”

First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

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Unit 2 - Hazard IdentificationUnit 2 - Hazard Identification

Unit Objectives:

- Identify the six clues to the presence of hazardous materials.

- Identify the various hazard classes of hazardous materials.

- Describe ways in which you can determine the specific identity of a hazardous material.

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Remember your four goals!Remember your four goals!

Recognition

Isolation

Protection

Notification

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Six Basic Clues to RecognitionSix Basic Clues to Recognition

1 - Occupancy and location

2 - Container shape and size

3 - Placards and labels

4 - Shipping papers/facility

documents

5 - Markings and colors

6 - Human senses

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Clue # 1 - Occupancy and LocationClue # 1 - Occupancy and Location

• Specific occupancy or general area

• Fixed facilities

• Five modes of hazardous materials transportation– Rail, air, marine, highway and

pipeline

• Drug lab considerations

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Clue # 2 - Container Shape and SizeClue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

• Classifications– Portable, fixed or transportation

• Pressure– Non-pressurized, low or high pressure

• Vapor Pressure and Storage– The higher the pressure, the greater the

potential for catastrophic failure– BLEVE

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Clue # 3 - Placards and LabelsClue # 3 - Placards and Labels

• Placards and their limitations– Not always required– The 1000 pound rule

• Placards and labels used for transport are based upon DOT Hazard Class

• Nine Hazard Classes– Subdivided into divisions– Refer to page 11 of 1996 ERG

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Hazard Class 1 - ExplosivesHazard Class 1 - Explosives

• Subdivided into 6 divisions1.1 - Mass explosion hazard

1.2 - Projectile hazard

1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile

1.4 - Minor explosion

1.5 - Very insensitive explosives

1.6 - Extremely insensitive

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• Pressurized or liquefied– Compressed nitrogen and liquefied

petroleum gases (LPG) are examples

• Product and container present hazards

• Three Subdivisions – 2.1 - Flammable gases– 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous– 2.3 - Poisonous Gases

Hazard Class 2 - GasesHazard Class 2 - Gases

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Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

• Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room temperature

• Combustible Liquids require some degree of pre-heating to ignite

• Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources

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Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

• Three subdivisions4.1 - Flammable Solids

4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible

4.3 - Dangerous when wet

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Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

• Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify burn

• With strong fuels, oxidizers can create conditions which which can lead to violent combustion

• Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable

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Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

• Poisonous to human– Can include severely irritating

substances– “Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid,

Carbon Tetrachloride

• Infectious Substances– Potential to cause diseases in humans– Anthrax, human blood and many

body fluids

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Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

• Ionizing radiation hazard

• Exposure does not always result in contamination

• Safety Rules:– Time, Distance and Shielding

• Shipped in specialized containers

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Hazard Class 8 – Corrosive MaterialsHazard Class 8 – Corrosive Materials

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Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

• ORM A - Dry Ice

• ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury

• ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts

• ORM D - Consumer commodities

• ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes

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Pesticide LabelsPesticide Labels

• Product name

• Active ingredients

• Signal word– Caution– Warning– Danger (Poison)

• Precautionary statements

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Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

MODE CALLED LOCATION

Rail Waybill and Consist

With crew

Highway Bill of Lading Driver / on seat or door pocket

Air Air-bill Pilot

Pipeline Marker At cross with other mode of transport

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard Communication Standard and The Florida Right-to-Know Law

• Found at fixed facilities

• Provides a variety of information

• Emergency Response Plans (ERP)

• Emergency Action Plans (EAP)

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Clue # 5 - Markings and ColorsClue # 5 - Markings and Colors

• Container colors are not always standardized

• UN/NA identification numbers

• NFPA 704 Diamond

• Military markings

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Clue # 6 - Human SensesClue # 6 - Human Senses

RISK LEVEL

High

Low

TASTETOUCHSMELLSIGHTSOUND

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Methods of IdentificationMethods of Identification

• Once you recognize, try to identify

• Location of material name– Shipping papers– MSDSs (fixed facilities)– Facility Pre-Plans– Employees and bystanders

• If you cannot safely identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class

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Unit SummaryUnit Summary• Goals of recognition and identification

– Recognize, Classify, Identify

• Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials– Occupancy and location, container shape and size,

placards and labels, shipping papers and facility documents, markings and colors, the human senses

• There are nine general classes of hazardous materials

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First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 3 - “Taking Control”

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ObjectivesObjectives

• Identify the procedures for initiating your Emergency Response Plan.

• Identify the proper procedures for implementing protective action distances.

• Take actions necessary to properly isolate the incident.

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ERG BookERG Book

• North American Emergency Response Guidebook

• Origin

• Goal

• Purpose & Limitations

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Steps for Proper Use of the ERGSteps for Proper Use of the ERG

• Recognize & Identify Hazardous Materials– Name

– Four digit ID number

– Placard description

• Look up the guide page number• Take basic protective actions according to the

guide page• Initiate isolation and evacuation according to

protective action distances

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Basic Protective ActionsBasic Protective Actions

• Your approach

• Your main objectives– Isolate– Protect by preventing

contamination– Initiate your Emergency

Response Plan (Notify)

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Proper Guide Page UseProper Guide Page Use

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Table of Protective Action DistancesTable of Protective Action Distances

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Protective Action OptionsProtective Action Options

• Shelter in-place– Short duration incidents– Greater hazard to attempt to

move– Impractical to evacuate

• Evacuation– Potential for massive fire or

explosion– Long duration incidents

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Emergency Response InformationEmergency Response Information

• Firefighting– Definition of “Haz-Mat Fire”

– Defensive Vs. Offensive

– Role of the awareness responder

• Spill / Leak Control– Not an awareness level role

• First Aid– Remember to prevent secondary contamination

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SummarySummary

• ERG provides guidelines• You can find a guide page by:

– Name, ID number or placard comparison

• Basic instructions - page 1• Two indexes• Orange guide pages• Green protective action pages

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First Responder Awareness Level Training

First Responder Awareness Level Training

Unit 4 - “Termination”

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ObjectivesObjectives

• Identify the three actions necessary for proper termination

• Identify the information that should be received by responders during on scene debriefing

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Reasons for TerminationReasons for Termination• Required by OSHA• Relates important

information to the responders

• Insures exposures are documented

• Insures that we improve our future responses

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Steps to Proper TerminationSteps to Proper Termination

• On-scene debriefing

• Incident critique

• After action analysis

Page 52: Hazmat awareness & erg

Questions??