Upload
dox4use
View
59
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Hazards.
Citation preview
Shared on OHSM.net
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
1/Ch. 6
Chapter 6: Hazard Classification & Hazard Control Hazard :Anything which has the potential to cause Harm
Hazards types:1- Physical Hazards 2- Engineering Hazards: - Mechanical Hazards - Electrical Hazards 3- Chemical Hazards 4- Ergonomics Hazards 5- Biological HazardsHSEM
Hazards Substances1. Flammable
2. 3. 4. 5.
Explosive Toxic Irritant Corrosive
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
2/Ch. 6
Physical Hazards Falling from heights and falling objects Temperature extremes (Very hot, Very cold cryogenic liquid) Radiation (Ionizing Radiation + Non-ionizing radiation). Pressure Confined space hazards (Engulfment Asphyxiation Explosion) Cave in Noise.
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
3/Ch. 6
Working at heightsDue to the many activities conducted at high elevation levels, falling is considered one of the major hazards in the plant. This hazard arises when performing activities on an exposed working platform or from materials accidentally falling from heights.HSEMHSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
4/Ch. 6
Fall prevention system must be used whenever work is performed at 1,8 m above a work level from an exposed location. (Fall protection not required when working behind handrails)
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
5/Ch. 6
Fall protection systems Guardrail System, Personal Fall Arrest System, Positioning Device System, Warning Lines System. If your job involves working at heights and the need to use a safety harness you must attend 100% tie off training. Attend 100% tie off training
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
6/Ch. 6
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
7/Ch. 6
Fall Protection
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
8/Ch. 6
Work at heightsIf these three workers fell down from these heights, the consequences will be different.
The probability of falling off an edge is more likely the closer you are working to it.
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
9/Ch. 6
Temperature Extremes
Very HOTMany internal combustion equipments exist in the plant (Incinerators, Gas Turbines, Heaters...). All these equipment generate high temperatures creating many hot surfaces and extremely hot exhaust.HSEM
Control Measures All hot surfaces are identified with a sign. All hot surfaces are located away from passageways. The proper PPE will be used while performing any job near this surfaces. i.e. Gloves
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
10/Ch. 6
Radiation Radiation is occasionally used on site to inspect welds, etc. Because of radiation risks special precautions one taken You must not work with or near radiation sources unless you have special : 1- Non Ionizing Radiation - Qualifications (Ultra Violet, Infra Red, Microwave, Laser) - Training 2- Ionizing Radiation - Permit(Alpha , Beta particles and Gamma rays) X rays, another major type of radiation, arise from artificial source.
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
11/Ch. 6
Hazards of Non-Ionizing Radiation
Its energy is transformed into thermal energy. Thermal energy generates heat. Some energy can cause burns (IR), and can cause cataracts and can burn the cornea and injure the retina UV can cause blindness.
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
12/Ch. 6
Hazards of Ionizing Radiation Radiation is carcinogen, can cause cancer. It may also cause other adverse health effects, including genetic defects in the children of exposed parents or mental retardation in the children of mothers exposed during pregnancy.
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
13/Ch. 6
So whenever you see this sign at a barricaded area
DO NOT ENTER
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
14/Ch. 6
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
15/Ch. 6
Pressure:Pressurized systems are one of the most dangerous potential hazards that may lead to a major explosion. During commissioning and maintenance many systems are exposed to pneumatic tests to check the system competency.
During normal operation most of the systems are pressurized.
Dont under estimate low pressure
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
16/Ch. 6
Low Pressure
Force = pressure multiplied by area so:20 in. Manway
10 psig
3,140 Pounds of Force
if suddenly released it goes flying.10 psi pressure on a 20 manway (314 square inch surface area) is 3,140 pounds of force! Calculation: 314 X 10= 3,140 This is equivalent to an object that weighs 3,140 lbs. And a 20 manway only weighs about 275 lbs.HSEMHSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
17/Ch. 6
CONFINED SPACE A space that: Is large enough and so configured that an employee can enter bodily and perform work; Has limited or restricted means of entry or exit; Is not designed for continuous human occupancy.
Examples: Tanks Manholes Boilers Furnaces Sewers Vaults Pipes Trenches Tunnels Ducts Pits
EXCAVATION SAFETY: All excavations require an excavation permit Obtain an excavation permit via the permit to work systemHSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
18/Ch. 6
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
19/Ch. 6
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
20/Ch. 6
HSEM
HSE management View Part I - Dr. Attia Gomaa - 2007
21/Ch. 6
Potential Hazards in Confined Spaces Oxygen Deficiency