To investigate the effect of hazardous waste that will be occurs to surrounding.

To examine the hazardous waste situation which produce by communities

To identify the ways to treat and minimize generation of hazardous waste

Hazardous waste are increasing each year.

The depletion of space for landfill.

No. Category of Waste Quantity of waste

1. Dross/ Slag/Clinker/ Ash 364,425.95

2. Gypsum 337,771.68

3. Mineral Sludge 316,938.39

4. Oil & Hydrocarbon 154,113.37

5. Heavy Metal Sludge 120,793.29

waste that is left after coal is combusted

contains heavy metals

- arsenic

- lead

- mercury

- cadmium

- zinc, etc

If eaten, drunk or inhaled, these toxicants can cause

- cancer

- nervous system impacts such as cognitive deficits,

developmental delays and behavioral problems.

- heart damage

- lung disease

- respiratory distress

- birth defects

Ash from Coal Plant

Thermal Plasma Furnace

Thermal Plasma Torches

Heat Exchanger

Bag Filter Water Quench &

Scrubber

Synthetic Gas(Syngas) Combustion Chamber Stack

Output : Water-Quenched Vitrified

Slag

used for the treatment of a wide range of wastes including

liquids, solids and gases

The high heat flux densities at the reactor boundaries

lead to fast attainment of steady state conditions. This

allows rapid start-up and shutdown times, compared

with other thermal treatments such as incineration,

without compromising refractory performance.

Add limited quantity of O2, no fuel is combusted

Reducing environment

Prohibiting generation of Nox and SOx

Chemical

Composition

wt.%

CaO 28.2

SiO2 38.3

Al2O3 14.3

MgO 2.0

Fe2O3 9.0

Na2O 2.7

Cl 0.001

Ignition Loss 0.37

Water- Quenched Vitrified Slag

Trial Paving

Desired Gradation

Selection Trial Gradation

Mixing

Asphalt Aggregates

A ( with natural construction aggregate)

B ( with water-quenched vitrified slag)

Surfacing, Asphalt concrete (Additive of

water quenched vitrified slag, 5%)

Sub base (Additive of water quenched

vitrified slag, 10%)

Base (Additive of water quenched vitrified

slag, 20%)

5cm

10cm

20cm

Paving Area of Asphalt Concrete

Pavement

Paving Depth and Additive of water quenched vitrified slag

Location A B

Pavement Density (%) 92.5 92.3

Stiffness (MNmm-1) 32.8 36.6

British Pendulum Number (BPN)

75 75

66 wt% Water- Quenched Vitrified Slag

Binder Waste Ceramic

Mixing

Granulating and Molding

Drying at Room Temperature

Sintering at 900 C

Zn Pb Cd Cr Cu Hg As

Fly ash 1.5 5.5

In Malaysia, ash produced from incinerators undergo stabilization or solidification to meet Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) before disposal.

This solution

prevents effect of hazardous waste exposed to environment

the recycling of them as construction raw material

Reduce usage of natural aggregate

helps to reduce waste dispose and amounts of landfill