Hazard Recognition and Risk Analysis

2

Safety & Administration Fire Escape Route Gathering Place Room Hazards

Restroom Locations

Food Breaks Cell Phones &

Pagers Materials

3

Question…

“What are we doing, that we have always done, that is no longer an acceptable risk?”

4

Dedication

This training is dedicated to all employees who have suffered disabling injuries and to the memory of employees who died in workplace injuries.

5

Learning ObjectivesAfter completing this training you will be

able to: Discuss personal risk tolerance, what

influences our decisions and how to assess what is acceptable risk

Identify safety and health hazard types associated with a given job task

Apply risk reduction methods and equip you with a tool to analyze risk assessment to keep you safer

6

Definitions Hazard Recognition – Recognizing

a condition or behavior that can cause harm

Risk Analysis – Analyzing the probability and severity of risk in order to reduce the chance that harm will occur

7

Injuries: A Matter of Probabilities

Wheel chocks not in place at rear wheels of trailer

Lift truck is driven into truck trailer and trailer moves

Driver jumps to the ground and sprains his ankle

Driver jumps to the ground and breaks his leg

Truck Trailer Moves, driver jumps to the ground and lift truck rolls over him

30,000

HAZARDS

Unsafe Acts

Unsafe Conditions

3,000

NEAR-MISSES OR FIRST AID

300

INJURIES REQUIRING MEDICAL ATTENTION

30

LOST-TIME INJURIES

1

FATAL

8

Why is Risk Analysis and Reduction Important?

What are some examples of occupational injuries and illnesses that you have seen?

What were the impacts of those injuries On the employee? To his/her family? To his/her co-workers? To the business?

9

Personal Risk Tolerance

How do we decide what is risky?

Let’s look at examples of activities and rate the risk

level of each activity.

10

What is your personal risk perception ofthe following activities?

Low

1 2 3 4

High

5

1. Bungee jumping

2. Sunbathing

3. Traveling by plane

4. Mountain biking

5. Traveling overseas

6. Driving without a seat belt

7. Smoking

8. Skiing

9. Skateboarding

10. Driving at 10 miles per hour over the speed limit

11. Disagreeing with your spouse (or significant other)

What’s Your Personal Risk Tolerance?

11

Factors That Influence Our Decisions Personal Factors

Experience (Positive/negative)

Knowledge/Skill Age Physical Ability

Situational Factors Stress Rushing Control

Organizational Factors Safety System Leadership

Behaviors Peer Behaviors

12

Personal FactorsWhat personal beliefs would motivate someone do this?

13

Safety Systems Are systems in place to encourage

people to do the job with minimal risk? Leadership Behaviors

Are at-risk, time-saving actions accepted?

Peer Behaviors Do our co-workers encourage at risk

behavior?

Our Actions Are Driven By Organizational Beliefs

14

Organizational FactorsWhat is in the safety system that would allow this?

15

The Social Environment & Cultural Resistance to Change

“ Safety slows a job down ”

PPE is uncomfortable

I feel comfortable doing this and have done it this way a

thousand times before

16

Risk Perception We perceive risk differently Many factors influence our decision By understanding our risk

tolerance and personal / organizational factors, we can prevent injuries

17

Objective Reasoning vs. Personal Opinion

Use the risk assessment matrix instead of relying on one person’s

assessment of what is “risky”

18

Accessing Acceptable Risk Probability

Unlikely – not likely to occur Likely – may occur Very likely –near certain to occur

Severity Marginal – Minor Injury or First Aid Critical – Injury or Lost Time Injury Catastrophic – Death or Permanent

Disability

19

Using the Risk Analysis tool to determine risk

PROBABILITY UnlikelyLikel

yVery

Likely

Marginal 1 1 2Critical 1 2 3

Catastrophic 2 3 3

SEVERITY

The intersection of PROBABILITY and SEVERITY

in the chart above equals the Risk Code.

Risk Code 1 - Proceed with caution

Risk Code 2 - Further evaluation/consultation should be considered.

Risk Code 3 - STOP - Determine an alternative solution

20

PROBABILITY UnlikelyLikel

yVery

Likely

Marginal 1 1 2Critical 1 2 3

Catastrophic 2 3 3

SEVERITY

The intersection of PROBABILITY and SEVERITY in the chart above equals

the Risk Code.

Risk Code 1 - Proceed with caution

Risk Code 2 - Further evaluation/consultation should be considered.

Risk Code 3 - STOP - Determine an alternative solution

21

What Risk Code Would You Assign?

22

Identifying Hazards Identify hazards

before starting a task: What is involved in

this task that can hurt me or my co-workers?

How can I/we keep from being hurt while performing this task?

Types of Hazards Unsafe conditions Unsafe acts

(behaviors)

23

Assessing the Risks Surroundings Work, equipment and tools Likelihood and extent of harm –

what is the risk code?

24

Developing a Safe Solution or Plan Can I eliminate the hazard? Can I minimize the risks? Do I need help? Is there a better time to do the work? Do others need to be informed? What specific PPE and tools are required? What lock out or permit is needed? Is there a JSA or reliable method/procedure I

need to review?

25

What is the Safe Solution?Decide if someone could be

immediately injured. If it is an emergency (Risk Code greater

than 1) Talk to your supervisor and reach agreement

on how to get the issue fixed as quickly as possible.

If it is NOT an emergency ….

26

Not Sure of a Safe Process to Use? Work together to develop a safe solution If the risk is beyond “Marginal” in

severity and “Likely” or “Unlikely” to occur I need to contact my supervisor and/or the safety department

Share my concerns – discuss at post-outage meetings, team meetings, etc.

Act safely Follow your solution/plan

27

Let’s Try the Process! Form teams Select one of the six examples on the

following slides View the picture and then…

Identify the hazards Assess the risks Develop a safe solution or plan

Report back to the group in 10 minutes

28

Example 3

29

Example 1

30

Example 2

31

Example 4

32

Example 5

33

Team Report Out What hazards did you identify? What risk assessment code did you

identify for those hazards? What safe solutions or plans did

you come up with?

34

Review: Before and After Prior to performing a task yourself

Recognize - What is involved in this job that can hurt me or my co-workers?

Reduce - How can I/we keep from being hurt while doing this job?

After performing a task ask each other What was your assessment of the situation? What risks you identified? What were the identified controls? What can be shared with others? Share learnings at post outage meetings, team meetings, etc.Participate in injury prevention activities on and off the

job

35

Injury Prevention Activities JSAs/Procedures Engineering/Design Training Housekeeping Inspections/Audits Safety meetings

36

What About the Hazards You Can’t Control?

37

What About the Workplace Processes that Have Specific Controls?

38

Learning Objectives - How Did We Do?

After completing this training you will be able to:

Discuss personal risk tolerance, what influences our decisions and how to assess what is acceptable risk

Identify safety and health hazard types associated with a given job task

Apply risk reduction methods to keep you safer

39

Summary and Evaluation Ask for input Complete class evaluation