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Hawaii
Z zZ
• Measuring the temperature
Heat suit
USGS photo by R.L. Christiansen Jan.9, 1973
vent
cone
magma chamber
conduit
• A look inside the Earth
Mantle
Outer Core
InnerCore
Crust
• A look at the mantle and crust
Cold Crust
Ocean
Hot Melt
Hot Mantle
CoolerMantle
magma magma
Hawaii
Courtesy of www.swisseduc.ch
RoughLots of pieces
Smooth or Ropy
Courtesy of A. Rust
Courtesy of A. Rust
• World map of volcanoes erupted within the past 10,000 years
Courtesy of Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program
USGS/Hawaiian Volcano ObservatoryPhoto by J.D. Griggs
Danger to People, Places and Things
Fast flowing rocks! Bent bars of a broken house.Which way did the flow go?
USGS/Cascades Volcano ObservatoryPhoto by David Wieprecht
Courtesy of Swisseduc.ch
Examples from Past and Present
Courtesy of www.swisseduc.ch
• Vesuvius, Italy – 79AD• Explosive• Ash and flows covered Pompeii
• Excavations
cc. Crew Creative
cc. of Crew Creative
• Plaster casts of bodies
• Vesuvius today
Naples
• Mt. Pelée, Martinique - 1902
Photo by Angelo Heilprin
• Vestmannaeyjer,Iceland - 1973
• Lava flows caught people by surprise
• Spraying seawater to slow or stop lava flows
What can we do to help people who live near active volcanoes?
Mt. St. Helens
• Volcano Observatories on Active Volcanoes
• Ground bulging or popping up
magma
magma
tiltmeter
tiltmeter
• Earthquakes
• Gas or Bubbles
What is a volcano? Mountains that erupt .
A dormant volcano is: awake asleep ________ chamber
V____
Conduit
Cone
What is lava and magma? m + bubbles + crystals
Why do volcanoes erupt? Hot magma wants to go: up down
How do volcanoes erupt? Two types: e and effusive .
Explosive volcanoes erupt a lot of into the air.
What helps make explosive volcanoes erupt? .
Can you outrun a pyroclastic flow?
Can lava burn trees and houses?
Do effusive volcanoes have runny or sticky lava? .
l a v a
e l t
x p l o s i v e
b u b b l e s
a s h
r u n n y
yes
no
e n t
M a g m a
3kmN
• Real-Life Scenario
Courtesy of www.swisseduc.ch
