Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND2009-2801P

Hawaii Energy Storage Seminar:American Electric Power Energy Storage

Capital Deferral and ReliabilityJohn D. Boyes

Sandia National LaboratoriesEnergy Storage and Distributed Resources

jdboyes@sandia.gov505-845-7090

www.sandia.gov/ess

June 16, 2010

American Electric Power (AEP)

Installed 4 Distributed Energy Storage Systems (DESS)

Defer substation upgrades of overloaded substations

Improve reliability through dynamic islanding Plans for integrating renewables

Benefits of Distributed Energy Storage Systems (DESS)

Among the benefits that AEP believes will be realized from this effort presently and the future includes:

Deferral of capital expenditures Increased electric service reliability by providing backup power. Increased penetration of renewable sources of energy. Ability to meet increased growth rate of customer load demand. Ability to deliver better power quality in the information technology

age. Reduce stress on an aged electric grid

The success of the Charleston WV project lead AEP to deploy more Energy Storage

Improving Reliability

Energy storage could allow “islanding” in the event of a grid fault

Energy storage system could provide VARS

Procedures for islanding with energy storage needed to be developed

Software and control systems needed to be developed

Adaptive Dynamic Islanding

Select customer loads to be served by island

Large number is individual disconnects Advanced Metering Infrastructure Utility must set priorities (hospitals, police and fire) Develop ways to fairly implement new tariffs and selection process Currently not cost effective

Station

Energized (on island)

Disconnected (off island)

Discrete Dynamic Islanding

Island predefined sections of the grid

Dependent on • Fault location • Load• SOC of storage

Communication and control of intelligent switches or reclosers Remotely activated or automatic

Station

Zone 2Zone 1

DYNAMIC ISLANDING SCHEME

Adaptive Discrete

Disconnect Devices Remote Meter Disconnects Reclosers & Switches

Site-Specific Design Minimal Extensive

Phase Balancing Easy Limited

Capacity Match Continuous Discrete

Operation Controlled restoration (no cold start) under all

circumstances.

Optimizing Reliability Easier Challenging

Cost (disconnect devices) Cost offset by remote meter reading & other distribution

automation benefits

Additional costs for balancing and more

isolation points

Comparison of Discrete and Adaptive Dynamic Islanding

2MW, 14.4 MWh NAS Battery Installation in Citizens Station, Ohio

• The station was chosen to defer capital that will be needed to build a new substation and support a weak transmission system. • There are 261 customers who are in the portion of the circuit• The addition of the battery will produce a domino effect helping other stations during overload conditions as well as increasing the throughput of these stations.

Citizens Station, Ohio

2MW, 14.4 MWh NAS BATTERY Installation in E. Busco Station, Indiana

• Primarily chosen to defer capital that will be needed to build a new substation. • Use of islanding to improve the reliability of the electrical circuit. • There are 548 customers within the section that can be on the island.

E. Busco Station, Indiana

BALLS GAP STATION (WEST VIRGINIA)

 Defer capital that would have been needed to build a new substation.

Use of islanding to improve the reliability of the electrical circuit. There are approximately 700 customers on the section of the grid

2MW, 14.4 MWh NAS Battery Installation in Balls Gap Station, West Virginia

References

www.sandia.gov/ess Installation of the First Distributed Energy Storage (DESS) at American

Electric Power (AEP), Ali Nourai, SAND2007-3580 http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2007/073580.pdf

First Application of Large Scale Batteries for Multi-Hour Backup Power of Distribution Circuits at American Electric Power (AEP), Ali Nourai, Chukwuemeka Oka, SAND2010-xxxx, in review, will be published at: http://www.sandia.gov/ess/Publications/pubs.html, Technical Reports (SNL)