haryana in news

7/29/2019 haryana in news

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HARYANA AT A GLANCE

Established 1 Nov. 1966

Capital Chandigarh Largest City Sonipat

Districts 21 Town 106

Divisions 4 Sub Div. 54

Legislature Unicameral (90 seats) Villages 6955

Lok sabha 10 Rajya Sabha 05

Area 44,212 km2 Area rank 20

Population (2011) 25,353,081 Rank 16

Density 573 Density rank 11State Bird Black Francolin Animal Black Buck

Flower Lotus Tree Peapal

HDI 0.644 HDI Rank 17th

(2011)

Literacy 88.64% Sex Ratio 877

Life expectancy 66.2 GDP INR 3,093.26

GDP per capita INR 109,227 Growth Rate 8.1%

Haryana has many firsts to its credit:

First to provide road link to each village. First in the country to provide electricity to each village in the State. First in the country in the production of Passenger Cars, Motor Cycles, Tractors, GI

Pipes and Scientific instruments.

Haryana is one of the wealthiest states of India and has the third highest per capita income

in the country.


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History and Geography

Haryana finds mention in the great epic of Mahabharata. Kurukshetra, the place of the epic

battle between the Kauravas and the Pandavas, is situated in Haryana. Haryana functioned as

an adjunct to Delhi and practically remained anonymous till the First War of India's

Independence in 1857. When the rebellion was crushed and the British administration was re-

established, the Nawabs of Jhajjar and Bahadurgarh, Raja of Ballabgarh and Rao Tula Ram of

Rewari of the Haryana region were deprived of their territories. Their territories were either

merged with the British territories or handed over to the rulers of Patiala, Nabha and Jind.

Haryana thus became a part of the Punjab province. With the reorganisation of Punjab on 1

November 1966, Haryana was made into a full-fledged State. With just 1.37% of the total

geographical area and less than 2% of Indias population, Haryana is among the mostprosperous states in India, having one of the highest per-capita income in the country.

The State is bound by Uttar Pradesh in the east, Punjab in the west, Himachal Pradesh in the

north and Rajasthan in the south. The National Capital Territory of Delhi juts into Haryana.

Rivers of Haryana

The river Yamuna flows along its eastern boundary. The ancient Sarasvati River is said to have

flowed from Yamuna Nagar, but it has now disappeared. These are the great river of Haryana

define boundary with UP.

The river Ghaggar is Haryana's main seasonal river. The Ghaggar rises in the outer Himalayas,

between the Yamuna and the Sutlej and enters Haryana near Pinjore, Panchkula district.

Passing through Ambala and Hissar, it reaches Bikaner in Rajasthan and runs a course of 290

miles before disappearing into the deserts of Rajasthan.

The Markanda river's ancient name was Aruna. A seasonal stream like the Ghaggar, it originates

from the lower Sivalik Hills and enters Haryana near Ambala. During monsoons, this stream

swells into a raging torrent notorious for its devastating power. The surplus water is carried on

to the Sanisa lake where the Markanda joins the Sarasvati.

An important tributary is the Tangri. The Sahibi River originates in the Mewat hills near Jitgarh

and Manoharpur in Rajasthan. Gathering volume from about a hundred tributaries, it reaches

voluminous proportions, forming a broad stream around Alwar and Patan. On reaching Rohtak

it branches off into two smaller streams, finally reaching the outskirts of Delhi and flowing into

the Yamuna. There are three other rivulets in and around the Mewat hills Indori, Dohan and

Kasavati and they all flow northwards from the south.


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Climate

The climate of Haryana is similar to other states of India lying in the northern plains. It is veryhot in summer (up to a high of 50 deg Celsius) and cold in winters (down to a low of 1 deg

Celsius). The hottest months are May and June and the coldest being December and January.

Rainfall is varied, with the Shivalik Hills region being the wettest and the Aravali Hills region

being the driest. About 80% of the rainfall occurs in the monsoon season (JulySeptember) and

sometimes causes local flooding.

Flora and fauna

Thorny, dry, deciduous forest and thorny shrubs can be found all over the state. During the

monsoon, a carpet of grass covers the hills. Mulberry, eucalyptus, pine, kikar, shisham and

babul are some of the trees found here. The species of fauna found in the state of Haryana

include black buck, nilgai, panther, fox, mongoose, jackal and wild dog. More than 300 species

of birds are found here.

Agriculture

Haryana has Asias biggest Agriculture University popularly known as Ch.Charan Singh

bAgriculture University i.e. CCSHAU, Hissar.

Agriculture is the mainstay of more than 65 per cent population in Haryana with contribution of26.4 per cent in GDP of the State. The principal crops are Rice, wheat, jowar, bajra, maize,

barley and pulses, sugarcane, cotton, oilseeds and potato are the major crops of the State.

Information Technology

IT Park and Nano city are being set up in Panchkula district to create an environment and an

eco system that fosters intellectual creativity in areas of frontier technologies, which in turn

would create jobs and bring economic prosperity to the regions. Further, Gurgaon has been

developed as a preferred investment destination for both IT and ITES/BPO companies. Now,

Gurgaon has become the home of the corporate world in India. The State Government is

planning to set up Hi-Tech Habitat Centre in the Electronic City in Gurgaon for IT/ITES/BPO

companies, which would provide world-class facilities. Besides Gurgaon, the State also intends

to develop other areas in NCR region, especially those alongside the Kundli-Manesar-Palwal

Express Highway and Faridabad, as satellites of Gurgaon-Manesar Mega IT Hub. The

Government is in the process of setting up 1159 Rural and 104 Urban ICT based Common

Service Centers under the State brand name e-Disha Ekal Sewa Kendra in the State and work of

CSC implementation has already been started.


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Industry

Haryana has a large industrial base having more than 1,347 large and medium and 80,000 small

scale units in the State. Haryana is the largest producer of passenger cars, tractors, motorcycles,bicycles, refrigerators, scientific instruments, etc. Haryana is the largest exporter of Basmati rice

to the overseas market. Panipat handlooms and carpets are known all over the world besides,

the famous Pachranga Achaar.

Power

Haryana became the first State in the country to achieve 100 per cent rural electrification in

1970. The installed generation capacity as on 31 March 2009 was 4636.23 MW.

Transport

Roads: In Haryana all villages stand connected with metalled roads. The length of roads in the

State is more than 34,772 kms.

Railways: : Kalka, Ambala, Kurukshetra, Rohtak, Jind, Hissar,Ambala, Panipat and Jakhal are

important railway stations. There is a railway workshop at Jagadhari.

Aviation: There are civil aerodromes at Pinjore, Karnal, Hisar, Bhiwani and Narnaul.

Tourist Centers

Some of the important tourist complexes are: Surajkund and Damdama in Gurgaon and

fascinating pocket of pines at Morni Hills are other attractions of tourist interest. The other

important resorts are Ethnic India Rai, Blue Jay (Samalkha), Skylark (Panipat), Karna Lake and

Oasis (Uchana), Parakeet (Pipli), Kingfisher (Ambala), Magpie (Faridabad), Dabchick (Hodal),

Shama (Gurgaon), Jungle Babbler (Dharuhera), Gauriyya (Bahadurgarh). Myna (Rohtak), Blue

Bird (Hisar), Red Bishop (Panchkula) and Pinjore Gardens, (Pinjore).

To promote the art and culture the famous Surajkund Crafts Mela is held every year in the

month of February. Similarly, to promote the ancient heritage of Pinjore, the Pinjore Heritage

Festival is celebrated every year.

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haryana in news