Harvest of Empire:Dominicans: From the Duarte to

the George Washington BridgeNatasha RodriguezJulissa Antigua

TimelineMay 30, 1961 — “El Jefe”, General Rafael Leonidas Trujillo was assassinated

Mid 1960s — Dominican Diaspora

April 1965 — uprising that lead to first democratically elected president

1961-1986 — 400,000+ Dominicans legally immigrate to the US; 44,000 move to Puerto Rico

1990 — 300,000+ Dominicans live in NYC Expected total: 700,000 by early millennium

One of the largest migrations to the US in the past 40 years [pg. 117]

1990s—Dominicans are 2nd largest Hispanic group in northeast

July 4, 1992 — first Dominican riot in US

Trujillo•Ruled from 1930-1961

•Bloody rein

•Assassinated by fellow officers in Samana

•Kennedy and CIA ousted Trujillo

•Trujillo was previously supported by US

•Corrupt — connections gave you privilege

•Access to Passports were very hard to come by

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsrkbRwbpqQ

Post-TrujilloJuan Bosch: first democratically elected president (1965)

Land reform and communist movement friction with sugar growers and US

Overthrown after 7 months in office; exiled in Puerto Rico

Colonel Francisco Caamaño: led revolt to bring Bosch back to power

Most radical group of Spanish speaking immigrants in US history

Caamaño!

•Caamaño: son of infamous general during Trujillo-era

•Constitutionalists: Bosch supporters

•Loyalists: opponents

Corruption“Telephones were tapped, hotel rooms were wired with microphones. Mail was opened, cables scrutinized. Worst of all, as the dictator’s secret informers seeped throughout the land, no man could know whether his neighbor, or his lifelong friends, or even his brother or son or wife, might inform against him…Everyone feared. No one trusted anyone.” [pg.120-121]

Second night of revolt: military planes dropped bombs on downtown

Third day of revolt: air force attacked Duarte bridge50+ people were killed

Constitutionalists still held gateway to city

Civilian support for rebels plummeted, government soldiers dropped posts, generals surrendered

April 28: President Lyndon Johnson sent marinesUS officials leaked wrongful claims that Communists controlled rebellion and Americans were in danger

Joaquin Balaguer took power (longtime aide for Trujillo)Right wing violence against Bosch supporters

Dominican migration

to the US•US helped Dominicans come over to diffuse crisis

•Standard of living in DR shot down in 1980s-1990sover 60% of population in DR earned poverty wages

•Went largely unnoticed at first

•Seen as “blacks who happened to speak Spanish” [pg. 117]

•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tT7_oQzDYMw&feature=related

•Discrimination from other Hispanics

•Newspapers: recorded accounts of Dominicans in violent crimes and drug trafficking

•Whites blamed Dominicans for increase in crime rates

•Problem with the newspapers

•1) Did not explain why so many Dominicans came to US

•2) Did not advertise immigrants’ success

Distinct DiasporaBegan as refugees started to flee in mid-1960s

Dominicans were not classified as refugeesCubans were classified as refugees — fleeing Castro

Cubans received federal assistance upon arrival; Dominicans did not

Better educated

Successful in business enterpriseEx: bodegas

Tension between Dominicans and Puerto RicansConflicts between Latino communities are similar to Latino immigrants vs. white American

I think if the U.S. offered more visas, everyone would leave the country. That’s how bad things are” – Estela Vasquez 1993

Professional Athletics

Notable Dominicans

Citationshttp://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=808&bih=670&tbm=isch&tbnid=BKFUn7WpyM4sWM:&imgrefurl=http://tellystravels.com/id66.html&docid=qnCd1Yj2NhSIRM&imgurl=http://tellystravels.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/trujillo2.jpg&w=203&h=283&ei=3SRiT5bsL_OO0QGG5I2MCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=232&sig=116228536804196367627&page=1&tbnh=147&tbnw=110&start=0&ndsp=14&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0&tx=66&ty=77http:/

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mural_Caama%C3%B1o.jpg

http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=981&bih=670&tbm=isch&tbnid=glD7QORaeMTkjM:&imgrefurl=http://thelatinoinstitute.org/2009/06/07/latinos-count-ahead-to-add-clout/&docid=zHA4MHWM2ghaxM&imgurl=http://thelatinoinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/dr_census.jpg&w=560&h=382&ei=VSxiT62NEqbm0QHe8vCJCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=487&vpy=177&dur=131&hovh=185&hovw=272&tx=125&ty=97&sig=116228536804196367627&page=1&tbnh=140&tbnw=187&start=0&ndsp=13&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0

http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=981&bih=670&tbm=isch&tbnid=hT2ahE7OuhfqYM:&imgrefurl=http://www.dominicanrepublicrealestate.ca/fact-sheet/dominican-republic-flag/&docid=KwLT2iKizyYUXM&imgurl=http://www.dominicanrepublicrealestate.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/dominican-republic-flag-punta-cana.jpg&w=500&h=375&ei=witiT-zHHMTj0QHJxu2kCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=414&sig=116228536804196367627&page=2&tbnh=139&tbnw=203&start=14&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:14&tx=64&ty=75

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tT7_oQzDYMw&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsrkbRwbpqQ

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http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=981&bih=670&tbm=isch&tbnid=E6LoI-IUFgoOnM:&imgrefurl=http://www.english.emory.edu/Bahri/Alvarez.html&docid=qeNbiXLeOku7_M&imgurl=http://www.english.emory.edu/Bahri/alvarez.jpg&w=182&h=230&ei=QjNiT5LoJono0QH1xombCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=433&sig=116228536804196367627&page=1&tbnh=143&tbnw=118&start=0&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0&tx=80&ty=41

http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=981&bih=670&tbm=isch&tbnid=cUQzpDZ_noXrGM:&imgrefurl=http://laist.com/2008/04/10/laist_interview_134.php&docid=cMjp1X77WsW8IM&imgurl=http://laist.com/attachments/la_carrie/PULITZER-ARTE.jpg&w=640&h=426&ei=mzNiT6GxA-ry0gGjnqymCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=531&sig=116228536804196367627&page=1&tbnh=133&tbnw=197&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0&tx=72&ty=91

http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=981&bih=670&tbm=isch&tbnid=75b7SlnSOnt2dM:&imgrefurl=http://www.sportsagentblog.com/2010/08/17/reverse-national-origin-discrimination-in-the-mlb-first-year-player-draft/&docid=4FNBT3meanaz9M&imgurl=http://www.sportsagentblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/dominican-baseball.jpg%253Fbb7ee4&w=678&h=375&ei=hDRiT6GdNcji0QGxzsWKCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=169&sig=116228536804196367627&page=1&tbnh=105&tbnw=190&start=0&ndsp=12&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0&tx=73&ty=12

http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/ClJh1ormowZ/Olympics+Day+13+Athletics/2_1TSR5tLVu/Felix+Sanchez

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