Summary of Linear Elamite Texts

14 Linear Elamite Texts

Stuart L Harris Octo ber 2011

Summary of Linear Elamite Texts

Around 2200 BC a script called Linear Elamite suddenly appeared at Elarn on the southwest coast of Iran likely introduced from Estonia Only the elite knew how to write this script and few exarnples survive but two of these are masterpieces During their tenure Elarn grew to be the most powerful city-state in the regIon

Inscription A is a dedication speech chiseled into a foundation stone of a temple on the highest mound in Susa delivered by the king ofElarn to honor his fallen soldiers called Swords of Elarn

Inscription Q inscribed on the Silver Cup of Elarn is a wedding gift from Kiririsa the Elamite goddess of war and fertility to her sister Narunte goddess of victory on the eve of Naruntes marriage to Sargon of Akkad The message outlines her thoughts rnisgivings and measures still to be taken prior to the marriage

A number Elamite narnes make sense in Finnish Two short inscriptions from Estonia and Austria indicate that Linear Elamite survived in northem Europe

Linear Elamite Syllabary

Table 1 Linear Elamite syllabary

A Auml E I 0 Ouml u y

1 10 50 100 Unear Eilitmit~

a ii e i 0 Ouml u ~ lIIho

X 1 I ~

ha hil he hi h o houml Im h~

U T i H

I ja j ii

t j o jouml L- jn jy

g J

ka kAuml ke ki ko kij ku ky

V n raquo K V WJUl

la Ja le li 10 Ij 111 Iv

H - X + ~lt L

ma lIa OOmc mi mo 1II~ U1l1 JI~

T - M

RII uimiddoti ne ni no nouml nu llY y lt~ D A N

pli pli I)~ pi po llouml 7

P )

11Y P ~ A

ra (i re ri 10 rouml ru l~ I middot 1 R

bull 000 1I - bull ~a sji

se si so SOuml S I oY

~~o - ~ (N AA Cl laquo~ s

ta 1ii le li to louml 111 ty

110 0 0 11I l J ~ T

va vii e 1 0 ouml In Y V

X

Page 1

Linear Elamite Writin

linear Elamite Writing

Linear Elarnite existed in Elarn 200 years from around 2200 to the end the reign Kutik 1shy

InsuSinak2 whose epithet was Puzurgt-Insusinak Only a exarnples exist mostly royal inscriptions at

Susa4 which indicates that writing was confined to the elite who spoke Finnish

Around 2000 Sargon of Akkad conquered Elarn and replaced Linear with Akkadian a much and Although Linear Elamite died Elam it survived northem demonstrated by inscriptions in Estonia and Austria

The Mounds of Susa

Mounds of Susa in Iran so intimidated archaeologist M de Morgan that despaired of how to excavate looked were mounds a haven from floods renewed the land and dissolved mud-brick It was December 1897 on the broad floodplain of Elarn which spreads southeast from and Babyion between the Persian Gulf and the Zagros Mountains In 1895 France had negotiated an exclusive to excavate throughout Iran Delegation en de Morgan to be director As Egyptian wanted to trace tbe Egyptian civilization and he Susa might be the

Morgan began with tbe largest mound at Susa the acropolis S His had trained hirn as a mining VUUvVl so mining techniques 2V2 million cubic meters of overburden in a

southem corner untuuml he ground level which had most pottery of

Foundation Stone called Linear Elamite A

In 1905 de Morgan uncovered the foundation stone atempie with a five-line inscription later called Elamite Other foundation stones of carried the sarne inscription while one had a fi ve-line Akkadian

sent the two inscribed stones to Louvre whose scholars read the chief god of IrrSuSinak With visions of a second Rosetta Stone the Louvre confidently predicted that the myster10US

of would soon be understood but a century passed without comprehension It was not a Stone no amount creativity could the two

by reading dedication stone in of Old European Elarnite inscription reveals itself to be a speech to commemorate the fallen soldiers Elam called tbe Swords of Elarn proper name occurs in a roem from Akkad that assault on tbe city Erechled by a narned Khum-baba who fled into wildemess Akkad toppled the Sword of Elam the best blood flows streams 7

j Kutik lt Kuutiki Eternal moon 2 Insusinak lt Hiihin susinhakki Blazed wolfbound 3 Puzurlt Puusuur Tree mouth refers to a he gave called Linear Elamite A wherein he ca11s himselfthe mouth of or speaker for the trees of Elam the soldiers of Elam 4 Susalt suussa At the entrance j The was called in Akkadian um means city e Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

The fall from the ofIzdubar Ishtar and Alcove I Column II This poem was discovered in 1871 by Smith in the library of Assurbanipa1 within the at It was composed about 2000 and later written down on tablets around 600 BC It recounts how Elam rebe lIed Akkadian rule and under the giant king Khum-baba Nipur Eridu and BabyIon to wruch they maintained for a thousand

Page 2

Linear Elamite Writing bull The Akkadian inscription identifies the speaker as Kutik In~usinak8 King of Elam He dedicated

the temple foundation and surrounding woods to the god Ins~inak Thus the temple was originally surrounded by woods

bull The Linear Elamite inscription confers everlasting peace to the men laid low our hund red now made of wood He urges the survivors of the Svords of EIam to marry and provide mead to drink but never make peace with Akkad

The Silver Cup of Elam

The Silver Cup of Elam9 an astounding drinking flagon resides in the Archaeological Museum of

Tehran lO Dated 2200 BC it was a wedding gift from Kiririsa the Elamite goddess of war and fertility to her sister N arunte goddess of victol) on the eve of her marriage to Sargon of Akkad

The cup was made by supporting a flat silver sheet on a deformable layer of pitch harnmering from the backside in repousse technique then soldering the sides and bottom together After completing the cup a formal inscription just below the rirn called Linear Elamite Q was carefully applied from the outside Verticallines separate phrases of evenly -spaced letters

The cup is a handle-Iess tankard or flagon rare in the Middle East but common in Germany 193 cm high The silver alone weighed 72 shekels (602 grams) worth at that time the equivalent of $170000 11 The front and back contain life-like images of both sisters dressed in identical robes trimmed ith fox They both look over their shoulder in the same direction as if watching someone approach

1 Siver

Persian laborers found the silver cup in 1966 while digging an irrigation ditch near Persepolis the ancient ceremonial center ofthe Persian Empire Persepolis nestles against the western flank of a long mountain in central Iran that overlooks an irrigated valley which in rainier times was the bottom of a lake With hot

8 Ihe original translation in 1905 by Scheil was Puzur-Inshushinak last king of the Awan dynasty Documents archaiques en ecriture proto-elamite 9 Elam lt Elaumlmme meaning Our life 10 Iehran lt Ieraumln meaning Ofsteel I I A shekel of silver paid a hired worker for a month who worked 10 hours a day 55 days a week If a worker was paid $10 an hour he would earn $2365 in a month A shekel weighed 834 gm so there were 72 shekels worth of silver in the cup Ihus the 602 gm cup had a value of $1 70000 for a wage scale of $10 per hour

Page 3

Linear Elamite Writing dry weather similar to that of Phoenix this fertile valley and others nearby supported a large population over one hundred thousand archaeological sites have been found When Alexander the Great conquered Persia he judged Persepolis more beautiful than the Acropolis of Athens In a drunken stupor he encouraged his troops to burn it including the priceless library

Figure 2 Photos ofElam

An earthen jar protected the cup accompanied by a bronze belt buckle bronze needles with large round heads and enough beads for several necklaces Nearby were cylinder seals and clay statuettes

The late Walther Hinz an expert on Elam dated the cup to the early part of the reign of Sargon of Akkad the period under Kutik-Inshushinak (c2240-2220 BC) before Akkadian replaced Linear Elamite12 This period followed a catastrophe around 2350 BC that obliterated many civilizations in the Middle East

The people who wrote in Linear Elarnite came from northem Europe where they cremated their dead not buried Dietrich Huff noted that Only a few of the countless prehistoric mounds in the mountain valleys of Fars have been investigated by archaeologists A characteristic group of monuments are caim burials which are also found in the neighboring eastem provinces Their abundance and distribution have not yet been fully recognized and as they have scarcely been studied their ethnic and cultural context is unclear They seem to have been used and reused but opinions about their dates of origin vary from the 3rd

millennium BC until the late Iron Age ]3 Burial of cremated bones beneath caims is typically Baltic so these caims may assign the origin of Linear Elarnite to the Baltic region

12 Hinz Walther 1969 Altiranische Funde und Forschungen Berlin 13 Huff Prof Dietrich Ancient Monwnents ofFars The Circ1e of Ancient lranian Studies founded 1988 on the web Page 4

Linear Elamite Writin

linear Elamite Writing

Linear Elarnite existed in Elarn 200 years from around 2200 to the end the reign Kutik 1shy

InsuSinak2 whose epithet was Puzurgt-Insusinak Only a exarnples exist mostly royal inscriptions at

Susa4 which indicates that writing was confined to the elite who spoke Finnish

Around 2000 Sargon of Akkad conquered Elarn and replaced Linear with Akkadian a much and Although Linear Elamite died Elam it survived northem demonstrated by inscriptions in Estonia and Austria

The Mounds of Susa

Mounds of Susa in Iran so intimidated archaeologist M de Morgan that despaired of how to excavate looked were mounds a haven from floods renewed the land and dissolved mud-brick It was December 1897 on the broad floodplain of Elarn which spreads southeast from and Babyion between the Persian Gulf and the Zagros Mountains In 1895 France had negotiated an exclusive to excavate throughout Iran Delegation en de Morgan to be director As Egyptian wanted to trace tbe Egyptian civilization and he Susa might be the

Morgan began with tbe largest mound at Susa the acropolis S His had trained hirn as a mining VUUvVl so mining techniques 2V2 million cubic meters of overburden in a

southem corner untuuml he ground level which had most pottery of

Foundation Stone called Linear Elamite A

In 1905 de Morgan uncovered the foundation stone atempie with a five-line inscription later called Elamite Other foundation stones of carried the sarne inscription while one had a fi ve-line Akkadian

sent the two inscribed stones to Louvre whose scholars read the chief god of IrrSuSinak With visions of a second Rosetta Stone the Louvre confidently predicted that the myster10US

of would soon be understood but a century passed without comprehension It was not a Stone no amount creativity could the two

by reading dedication stone in of Old European Elarnite inscription reveals itself to be a speech to commemorate the fallen soldiers Elam called tbe Swords of Elarn proper name occurs in a roem from Akkad that assault on tbe city Erechled by a narned Khum-baba who fled into wildemess Akkad toppled the Sword of Elam the best blood flows streams 7

j Kutik lt Kuutiki Eternal moon 2 Insusinak lt Hiihin susinhakki Blazed wolfbound 3 Puzurlt Puusuur Tree mouth refers to a he gave called Linear Elamite A wherein he ca11s himselfthe mouth of or speaker for the trees of Elam the soldiers of Elam 4 Susalt suussa At the entrance j The was called in Akkadian um means city e Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

The fall from the ofIzdubar Ishtar and Alcove I Column II This poem was discovered in 1871 by Smith in the library of Assurbanipa1 within the at It was composed about 2000 and later written down on tablets around 600 BC It recounts how Elam rebe lIed Akkadian rule and under the giant king Khum-baba Nipur Eridu and BabyIon to wruch they maintained for a thousand

Page 2

Linear Elamite Writing bull The Akkadian inscription identifies the speaker as Kutik In~usinak8 King of Elam He dedicated

the temple foundation and surrounding woods to the god Ins~inak Thus the temple was originally surrounded by woods

bull The Linear Elamite inscription confers everlasting peace to the men laid low our hund red now made of wood He urges the survivors of the Svords of EIam to marry and provide mead to drink but never make peace with Akkad

The Silver Cup of Elam

The Silver Cup of Elam9 an astounding drinking flagon resides in the Archaeological Museum of

Tehran lO Dated 2200 BC it was a wedding gift from Kiririsa the Elamite goddess of war and fertility to her sister N arunte goddess of victol) on the eve of her marriage to Sargon of Akkad

The cup was made by supporting a flat silver sheet on a deformable layer of pitch harnmering from the backside in repousse technique then soldering the sides and bottom together After completing the cup a formal inscription just below the rirn called Linear Elamite Q was carefully applied from the outside Verticallines separate phrases of evenly -spaced letters

The cup is a handle-Iess tankard or flagon rare in the Middle East but common in Germany 193 cm high The silver alone weighed 72 shekels (602 grams) worth at that time the equivalent of $170000 11 The front and back contain life-like images of both sisters dressed in identical robes trimmed ith fox They both look over their shoulder in the same direction as if watching someone approach

1 Siver

Persian laborers found the silver cup in 1966 while digging an irrigation ditch near Persepolis the ancient ceremonial center ofthe Persian Empire Persepolis nestles against the western flank of a long mountain in central Iran that overlooks an irrigated valley which in rainier times was the bottom of a lake With hot

8 Ihe original translation in 1905 by Scheil was Puzur-Inshushinak last king of the Awan dynasty Documents archaiques en ecriture proto-elamite 9 Elam lt Elaumlmme meaning Our life 10 Iehran lt Ieraumln meaning Ofsteel I I A shekel of silver paid a hired worker for a month who worked 10 hours a day 55 days a week If a worker was paid $10 an hour he would earn $2365 in a month A shekel weighed 834 gm so there were 72 shekels worth of silver in the cup Ihus the 602 gm cup had a value of $1 70000 for a wage scale of $10 per hour

Page 3

Linear Elamite Writing dry weather similar to that of Phoenix this fertile valley and others nearby supported a large population over one hundred thousand archaeological sites have been found When Alexander the Great conquered Persia he judged Persepolis more beautiful than the Acropolis of Athens In a drunken stupor he encouraged his troops to burn it including the priceless library

Figure 2 Photos ofElam

An earthen jar protected the cup accompanied by a bronze belt buckle bronze needles with large round heads and enough beads for several necklaces Nearby were cylinder seals and clay statuettes

The late Walther Hinz an expert on Elam dated the cup to the early part of the reign of Sargon of Akkad the period under Kutik-Inshushinak (c2240-2220 BC) before Akkadian replaced Linear Elamite12 This period followed a catastrophe around 2350 BC that obliterated many civilizations in the Middle East

The people who wrote in Linear Elarnite came from northem Europe where they cremated their dead not buried Dietrich Huff noted that Only a few of the countless prehistoric mounds in the mountain valleys of Fars have been investigated by archaeologists A characteristic group of monuments are caim burials which are also found in the neighboring eastem provinces Their abundance and distribution have not yet been fully recognized and as they have scarcely been studied their ethnic and cultural context is unclear They seem to have been used and reused but opinions about their dates of origin vary from the 3rd

millennium BC until the late Iron Age ]3 Burial of cremated bones beneath caims is typically Baltic so these caims may assign the origin of Linear Elarnite to the Baltic region

12 Hinz Walther 1969 Altiranische Funde und Forschungen Berlin 13 Huff Prof Dietrich Ancient Monwnents ofFars The Circ1e of Ancient lranian Studies founded 1988 on the web Page 4

Linear Elamite Writing bull The Akkadian inscription identifies the speaker as Kutik In~usinak8 King of Elam He dedicated

the temple foundation and surrounding woods to the god Ins~inak Thus the temple was originally surrounded by woods

bull The Linear Elamite inscription confers everlasting peace to the men laid low our hund red now made of wood He urges the survivors of the Svords of EIam to marry and provide mead to drink but never make peace with Akkad

The Silver Cup of Elam

The Silver Cup of Elam9 an astounding drinking flagon resides in the Archaeological Museum of

Tehran lO Dated 2200 BC it was a wedding gift from Kiririsa the Elamite goddess of war and fertility to her sister N arunte goddess of victol) on the eve of her marriage to Sargon of Akkad

The cup was made by supporting a flat silver sheet on a deformable layer of pitch harnmering from the backside in repousse technique then soldering the sides and bottom together After completing the cup a formal inscription just below the rirn called Linear Elamite Q was carefully applied from the outside Verticallines separate phrases of evenly -spaced letters

The cup is a handle-Iess tankard or flagon rare in the Middle East but common in Germany 193 cm high The silver alone weighed 72 shekels (602 grams) worth at that time the equivalent of $170000 11 The front and back contain life-like images of both sisters dressed in identical robes trimmed ith fox They both look over their shoulder in the same direction as if watching someone approach

1 Siver

Persian laborers found the silver cup in 1966 while digging an irrigation ditch near Persepolis the ancient ceremonial center ofthe Persian Empire Persepolis nestles against the western flank of a long mountain in central Iran that overlooks an irrigated valley which in rainier times was the bottom of a lake With hot

8 Ihe original translation in 1905 by Scheil was Puzur-Inshushinak last king of the Awan dynasty Documents archaiques en ecriture proto-elamite 9 Elam lt Elaumlmme meaning Our life 10 Iehran lt Ieraumln meaning Ofsteel I I A shekel of silver paid a hired worker for a month who worked 10 hours a day 55 days a week If a worker was paid $10 an hour he would earn $2365 in a month A shekel weighed 834 gm so there were 72 shekels worth of silver in the cup Ihus the 602 gm cup had a value of $1 70000 for a wage scale of $10 per hour

Page 3

Linear Elamite Writing dry weather similar to that of Phoenix this fertile valley and others nearby supported a large population over one hundred thousand archaeological sites have been found When Alexander the Great conquered Persia he judged Persepolis more beautiful than the Acropolis of Athens In a drunken stupor he encouraged his troops to burn it including the priceless library

Figure 2 Photos ofElam

An earthen jar protected the cup accompanied by a bronze belt buckle bronze needles with large round heads and enough beads for several necklaces Nearby were cylinder seals and clay statuettes

The late Walther Hinz an expert on Elam dated the cup to the early part of the reign of Sargon of Akkad the period under Kutik-Inshushinak (c2240-2220 BC) before Akkadian replaced Linear Elamite12 This period followed a catastrophe around 2350 BC that obliterated many civilizations in the Middle East

The people who wrote in Linear Elarnite came from northem Europe where they cremated their dead not buried Dietrich Huff noted that Only a few of the countless prehistoric mounds in the mountain valleys of Fars have been investigated by archaeologists A characteristic group of monuments are caim burials which are also found in the neighboring eastem provinces Their abundance and distribution have not yet been fully recognized and as they have scarcely been studied their ethnic and cultural context is unclear They seem to have been used and reused but opinions about their dates of origin vary from the 3rd

millennium BC until the late Iron Age ]3 Burial of cremated bones beneath caims is typically Baltic so these caims may assign the origin of Linear Elarnite to the Baltic region

12 Hinz Walther 1969 Altiranische Funde und Forschungen Berlin 13 Huff Prof Dietrich Ancient Monwnents ofFars The Circ1e of Ancient lranian Studies founded 1988 on the web Page 4

Linear Elamite Writing dry weather similar to that of Phoenix this fertile valley and others nearby supported a large population over one hundred thousand archaeological sites have been found When Alexander the Great conquered Persia he judged Persepolis more beautiful than the Acropolis of Athens In a drunken stupor he encouraged his troops to burn it including the priceless library

Figure 2 Photos ofElam

An earthen jar protected the cup accompanied by a bronze belt buckle bronze needles with large round heads and enough beads for several necklaces Nearby were cylinder seals and clay statuettes

The late Walther Hinz an expert on Elam dated the cup to the early part of the reign of Sargon of Akkad the period under Kutik-Inshushinak (c2240-2220 BC) before Akkadian replaced Linear Elamite12 This period followed a catastrophe around 2350 BC that obliterated many civilizations in the Middle East

The people who wrote in Linear Elarnite came from northem Europe where they cremated their dead not buried Dietrich Huff noted that Only a few of the countless prehistoric mounds in the mountain valleys of Fars have been investigated by archaeologists A characteristic group of monuments are caim burials which are also found in the neighboring eastem provinces Their abundance and distribution have not yet been fully recognized and as they have scarcely been studied their ethnic and cultural context is unclear They seem to have been used and reused but opinions about their dates of origin vary from the 3rd

millennium BC until the late Iron Age ]3 Burial of cremated bones beneath caims is typically Baltic so these caims may assign the origin of Linear Elarnite to the Baltic region

12 Hinz Walther 1969 Altiranische Funde und Forschungen Berlin 13 Huff Prof Dietrich Ancient Monwnents ofFars The Circ1e of Ancient lranian Studies founded 1988 on the web Page 4

laughter maker She wears a long warm quilted gown with three-quarter sleeves scooped neck and pseudo fox-tai around the neck shoulders and tips of toes stick out unnaturally

gown a that is of hair cover ears and a headband holds hair in pI ace She wears neither cap nor veil nor has her forehead been artificially flattened In each hand she a short flat weaving batten wrapped in thread toes her pose seems entirely natural the while looking to the right The is excellent from life from

ofher hips talL 1fthis wornan walked into a room today everyone would stare in wonder

The woman seated on the back of the cup is her sister Kiririsa15 Elarnite goddess of war fertility

She wears the same costly quilted dress with a of pseudo fox-tails like toes out from beneath her gown Her long hair falls down back covered vith a hin scarf held on by a tiara of shiny disks perhaps shells or gold Based on her name Disk the father in heaven the color of her hair was like that of the Sun A thin shiny bracelet adoms her right wrist and around her neck hangs an imposing necklace ofthree ropes of a shiny flexible material She faces front but looks to her in threeshyquarter view Her right arm is visible her Ieft arm hidden in the folds ofher gown We look down at her an amazingly sophisticated pose

Walther that woman sent the cup to the standing woman 16

The fox identifies the two women as natives of Estonia which at that time was known as Revala meaning fOXi7 The capital city Revala or Rebala lay ten miles east of Tallinn a shallow lake which area has yielded Bronze and distinctive stone burial mounds A guide Estonia related that Estonian women had right of on the sea because so manY of them ended up as queens it was extremely bad luck to capture or endangeryour queen

14 Narunte lt Naurunte laughter maker

Page 5

15 Kiririsa lt Kehrauml isauml Disk of the father in heaven Le the Sun Walther 1969 16

Linear Elamite A Susa te le dedication eWe men are lett now

Linear Elamite A SUSCi temple dedication We men are left now

Inscription A on foundation stone a temple on acropolis of is half Akkadian half Linear Elamite Akkadian half i denti fi es the as Kituk-In~uSinak the of Elarn while the Elamite half dedicates temple to bis fallen warriors called the Sword of Elam

both texts bad five text Walther of claimed 58

results of the other This is not two texts are completely different though

Translation of the Akkadian inscription

Akkadian nap In-~u-si-na-ik un-ki

2 u Ku-ti-kI-su-~i-na-k Zunkik hal-me ka 3 hal-me-ni-ik Su-si-im-ki

L

4 Hi-is-hu-ik 5 Hk hi-an

EngUsb 1 Lord God Inshushinak have this wood 2 I Kutik-I(n)shushinak ofthe land __ ___ 3 country of Susa 4 of Shinpi Hishuk 5 son of god as a foundation for the temple dedicated 18

Translation of linear Elamite inscription

Finnish 1 Me miehet jaumlaumlnyt nyt miekkoa Elamin Miekkat urhot puhas Se loihe niin naumlhin surrrua

Akkan ei Elamin Miekkat 2 Elamin Miekkat surmia Rauha tammet 3 lki rauha miehin kaaoin meiaumln loi puun Akkat tee ehon suur keihaumlitauml jain pari Elamin

Miekkat 4 Miehet keihaumlitaumln riiaa tuoa meenjuoa Uni miehiauml tutut taas meren Jaumlaumln riian ehon Akkat

tee 5 Sata nyt kaaoin Elamin Miekkat Te loit uuet sieltauml Saisin taoa meren lihoa A~~UH Taoin JO

purren kuohun

English 1 We men are now a sword you Swords of thus with deaths

from the spear Peace of Akkad we will not make Swords of 2 Be idle again Swords Elarn deaths from the spear of Akkad never you oaks 3 Everlasting peace to the men laid low OUf hundred now wood Akkad makes fine spears I

was left a Swords of 4 Men of spears marry provide mead to drink I dream of men of the sea I am left now to

woo the mead Akkad makes 5 A hundred now laid low Swords Elam You created new trees I would from the sea the

ofmen I will myselfnowa of

18 c1arifies the Ernst Das Land Elam lIDd seine Geschichte 2002 This recent translation of the Akkadian

Page 6

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication eWe men are left now Image

Inscription

Figure 4 Drawing 0Linear Elamite A turned to match the stone Drawn b Dr Gudrun Ulbricht

Figure 5 Inscription 0Linear Elamite A arranged to read naturally lejt to right top to bottam Compound letters also read lef to rigftt t012Jo bottam

1 I ~ ~ CIIfl euro1 (j ~ ~~ R ~ 0 ~ 2 laD 11 ~ A m ~ 0

3 I ~ +1 ) m ~l n i

IAltS0~OW 5 1~ ~ 1~1 ~ ltA ~ ouml -l- 11 ()ltJ )~

Page 7

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are left now Transcription

Figle 6 TranscriJ2ion oLLinear Elamite A

U~ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Une

1 I O ME ITn JA - MI I E

1 SE-LO nKE I ~~III 0

1 E

w11 - 11 rv~

~~~ - MI

AA H LA ( - MI I H LA - MI - MI - MI VKA OO TA A V KANY~Y KO-TA IJIgtU NI~A su RA E TE ME

C I E

~~~ n KE I ~III 02 I D 11 - MI

~IIH LA - MI I- MI 00 TA A SO NU TA VKA SU RA E TE SI middotTA ME

I

O ME ITn JA I E

~ Kl

~ III ~~ n KE - w

3 I ~RA 1~ ) ~A H LA - MI ~)( OO TA - w V KA A V KA

SAA JO-LO PU E TE SU PA-ltl

RI TU

( - MI 00 TA ITn JA

0 to 1114 I n KE

rEo~ WJTUoTU 9 LO- MI A

OO r A O ME A 00 TA HY-RI ME i TEJU U-HI

~ sA I E ~SA LO Xu

11 t

5 I 1I TA - N 111 9 1 ~Sl t T NI )H LA 00 TA

gt-- NY - MI o o l A o - MIVKA TE-UI Upu ME TA SE JO PU KUmiddotRE

V KA

Translation details

Table 2 Translation details 0Linear Elamite A Sign No Linear EIarni te Finnish English l1 ME MI Me miehet Wemen l2 JAuml-NYNY jaumlaumlnyt nyt are left now 13 MI-KOTA miekkoa taoit a sword you forged 14 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElam 15 UPU urhot puhas fair men l6 SE LONI NAuml Se loihe niin naumlh in It began thus with these 17-8 SU-MI KE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 19 RA Rauha Peace l10-11 A-KA E TE-ME Akkaan ei teemme of Akkad we will not make 112 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elamin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 21-2 SO-NU Sohannut Be idle 23 TA taas agam 24 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 25-6 SU-MlKE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 27 RA Rauha Peace 28 A-KAE-TE Akkaan ettet of Akkad never 29-10 SI TA-ME sie tarnmet ~ou oaks

I-KI RA MI KA Iki rauha miehin 31 Everlasting peace to men laid kaaoin low

32 MESA meiaumln saan our hundred 33 JOLO jo loi now made

puun34 ofwoodPU

Page 8

Linear Elamite A Susa te le dedication eWe men are lett now

Linear Elamite A SUSCi temple dedication We men are left now

Inscription A on foundation stone a temple on acropolis of is half Akkadian half Linear Elamite Akkadian half i denti fi es the as Kituk-In~uSinak the of Elarn while the Elamite half dedicates temple to bis fallen warriors called the Sword of Elam

both texts bad five text Walther of claimed 58

results of the other This is not two texts are completely different though

Translation of the Akkadian inscription

Akkadian nap In-~u-si-na-ik un-ki

2 u Ku-ti-kI-su-~i-na-k Zunkik hal-me ka 3 hal-me-ni-ik Su-si-im-ki

L

4 Hi-is-hu-ik 5 Hk hi-an

EngUsb 1 Lord God Inshushinak have this wood 2 I Kutik-I(n)shushinak ofthe land __ ___ 3 country of Susa 4 of Shinpi Hishuk 5 son of god as a foundation for the temple dedicated 18

Translation of linear Elamite inscription

Finnish 1 Me miehet jaumlaumlnyt nyt miekkoa Elamin Miekkat urhot puhas Se loihe niin naumlhin surrrua

Akkan ei Elamin Miekkat 2 Elamin Miekkat surmia Rauha tammet 3 lki rauha miehin kaaoin meiaumln loi puun Akkat tee ehon suur keihaumlitauml jain pari Elamin

Miekkat 4 Miehet keihaumlitaumln riiaa tuoa meenjuoa Uni miehiauml tutut taas meren Jaumlaumln riian ehon Akkat

tee 5 Sata nyt kaaoin Elamin Miekkat Te loit uuet sieltauml Saisin taoa meren lihoa A~~UH Taoin JO

purren kuohun

English 1 We men are now a sword you Swords of thus with deaths

from the spear Peace of Akkad we will not make Swords of 2 Be idle again Swords Elarn deaths from the spear of Akkad never you oaks 3 Everlasting peace to the men laid low OUf hundred now wood Akkad makes fine spears I

was left a Swords of 4 Men of spears marry provide mead to drink I dream of men of the sea I am left now to

woo the mead Akkad makes 5 A hundred now laid low Swords Elam You created new trees I would from the sea the

ofmen I will myselfnowa of

18 c1arifies the Ernst Das Land Elam lIDd seine Geschichte 2002 This recent translation of the Akkadian

Page 6

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication eWe men are left now Image

Inscription

Figure 4 Drawing 0Linear Elamite A turned to match the stone Drawn b Dr Gudrun Ulbricht

Figure 5 Inscription 0Linear Elamite A arranged to read naturally lejt to right top to bottam Compound letters also read lef to rigftt t012Jo bottam

1 I ~ ~ CIIfl euro1 (j ~ ~~ R ~ 0 ~ 2 laD 11 ~ A m ~ 0

3 I ~ +1 ) m ~l n i

IAltS0~OW 5 1~ ~ 1~1 ~ ltA ~ ouml -l- 11 ()ltJ )~

Page 7

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are left now Transcription

Figle 6 TranscriJ2ion oLLinear Elamite A

U~ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Une

1 I O ME ITn JA - MI I E

1 SE-LO nKE I ~~III 0

1 E

w11 - 11 rv~

~~~ - MI

AA H LA ( - MI I H LA - MI - MI - MI VKA OO TA A V KANY~Y KO-TA IJIgtU NI~A su RA E TE ME

C I E

~~~ n KE I ~III 02 I D 11 - MI

~IIH LA - MI I- MI 00 TA A SO NU TA VKA SU RA E TE SI middotTA ME

I

O ME ITn JA I E

~ Kl

~ III ~~ n KE - w

3 I ~RA 1~ ) ~A H LA - MI ~)( OO TA - w V KA A V KA

SAA JO-LO PU E TE SU PA-ltl

RI TU

( - MI 00 TA ITn JA

0 to 1114 I n KE

rEo~ WJTUoTU 9 LO- MI A

OO r A O ME A 00 TA HY-RI ME i TEJU U-HI

~ sA I E ~SA LO Xu

11 t

5 I 1I TA - N 111 9 1 ~Sl t T NI )H LA 00 TA

gt-- NY - MI o o l A o - MIVKA TE-UI Upu ME TA SE JO PU KUmiddotRE

V KA

Translation details

Table 2 Translation details 0Linear Elamite A Sign No Linear EIarni te Finnish English l1 ME MI Me miehet Wemen l2 JAuml-NYNY jaumlaumlnyt nyt are left now 13 MI-KOTA miekkoa taoit a sword you forged 14 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElam 15 UPU urhot puhas fair men l6 SE LONI NAuml Se loihe niin naumlh in It began thus with these 17-8 SU-MI KE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 19 RA Rauha Peace l10-11 A-KA E TE-ME Akkaan ei teemme of Akkad we will not make 112 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elamin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 21-2 SO-NU Sohannut Be idle 23 TA taas agam 24 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 25-6 SU-MlKE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 27 RA Rauha Peace 28 A-KAE-TE Akkaan ettet of Akkad never 29-10 SI TA-ME sie tarnmet ~ou oaks

I-KI RA MI KA Iki rauha miehin 31 Everlasting peace to men laid kaaoin low

32 MESA meiaumln saan our hundred 33 JOLO jo loi now made

puun34 ofwoodPU

Page 8

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication eWe men are left now Image

Inscription

Figure 4 Drawing 0Linear Elamite A turned to match the stone Drawn b Dr Gudrun Ulbricht

Figure 5 Inscription 0Linear Elamite A arranged to read naturally lejt to right top to bottam Compound letters also read lef to rigftt t012Jo bottam

1 I ~ ~ CIIfl euro1 (j ~ ~~ R ~ 0 ~ 2 laD 11 ~ A m ~ 0

3 I ~ +1 ) m ~l n i

IAltS0~OW 5 1~ ~ 1~1 ~ ltA ~ ouml -l- 11 ()ltJ )~

Page 7

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are left now Transcription

Figle 6 TranscriJ2ion oLLinear Elamite A

U~ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Une

1 I O ME ITn JA - MI I E

1 SE-LO nKE I ~~III 0

1 E

w11 - 11 rv~

~~~ - MI

AA H LA ( - MI I H LA - MI - MI - MI VKA OO TA A V KANY~Y KO-TA IJIgtU NI~A su RA E TE ME

C I E

~~~ n KE I ~III 02 I D 11 - MI

~IIH LA - MI I- MI 00 TA A SO NU TA VKA SU RA E TE SI middotTA ME

I

O ME ITn JA I E

~ Kl

~ III ~~ n KE - w

3 I ~RA 1~ ) ~A H LA - MI ~)( OO TA - w V KA A V KA

SAA JO-LO PU E TE SU PA-ltl

RI TU

( - MI 00 TA ITn JA

0 to 1114 I n KE

rEo~ WJTUoTU 9 LO- MI A

OO r A O ME A 00 TA HY-RI ME i TEJU U-HI

~ sA I E ~SA LO Xu

11 t

5 I 1I TA - N 111 9 1 ~Sl t T NI )H LA 00 TA

gt-- NY - MI o o l A o - MIVKA TE-UI Upu ME TA SE JO PU KUmiddotRE

V KA

Translation details

Table 2 Translation details 0Linear Elamite A Sign No Linear EIarni te Finnish English l1 ME MI Me miehet Wemen l2 JAuml-NYNY jaumlaumlnyt nyt are left now 13 MI-KOTA miekkoa taoit a sword you forged 14 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElam 15 UPU urhot puhas fair men l6 SE LONI NAuml Se loihe niin naumlh in It began thus with these 17-8 SU-MI KE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 19 RA Rauha Peace l10-11 A-KA E TE-ME Akkaan ei teemme of Akkad we will not make 112 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elamin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 21-2 SO-NU Sohannut Be idle 23 TA taas agam 24 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 25-6 SU-MlKE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 27 RA Rauha Peace 28 A-KAE-TE Akkaan ettet of Akkad never 29-10 SI TA-ME sie tarnmet ~ou oaks

I-KI RA MI KA Iki rauha miehin 31 Everlasting peace to men laid kaaoin low

32 MESA meiaumln saan our hundred 33 JOLO jo loi now made

puun34 ofwoodPU

Page 8

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are left now Transcription

Figle 6 TranscriJ2ion oLLinear Elamite A

U~ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Une

1 I O ME ITn JA - MI I E

1 SE-LO nKE I ~~III 0

1 E

w11 - 11 rv~

~~~ - MI

AA H LA ( - MI I H LA - MI - MI - MI VKA OO TA A V KANY~Y KO-TA IJIgtU NI~A su RA E TE ME

C I E

~~~ n KE I ~III 02 I D 11 - MI

~IIH LA - MI I- MI 00 TA A SO NU TA VKA SU RA E TE SI middotTA ME

I

O ME ITn JA I E

~ Kl

~ III ~~ n KE - w

3 I ~RA 1~ ) ~A H LA - MI ~)( OO TA - w V KA A V KA

SAA JO-LO PU E TE SU PA-ltl

RI TU

( - MI 00 TA ITn JA

0 to 1114 I n KE

rEo~ WJTUoTU 9 LO- MI A

OO r A O ME A 00 TA HY-RI ME i TEJU U-HI

~ sA I E ~SA LO Xu

11 t

5 I 1I TA - N 111 9 1 ~Sl t T NI )H LA 00 TA

gt-- NY - MI o o l A o - MIVKA TE-UI Upu ME TA SE JO PU KUmiddotRE

V KA

Translation details

Table 2 Translation details 0Linear Elamite A Sign No Linear EIarni te Finnish English l1 ME MI Me miehet Wemen l2 JAuml-NYNY jaumlaumlnyt nyt are left now 13 MI-KOTA miekkoa taoit a sword you forged 14 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElam 15 UPU urhot puhas fair men l6 SE LONI NAuml Se loihe niin naumlh in It began thus with these 17-8 SU-MI KE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 19 RA Rauha Peace l10-11 A-KA E TE-ME Akkaan ei teemme of Akkad we will not make 112 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elamin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 21-2 SO-NU Sohannut Be idle 23 TA taas agam 24 E-LA-MI MI-KA Elarnin Miekkat Swords ofElarn 25-6 SU-MlKE-TAuml surmia keihaumlaumlstauml deaths from the spear 27 RA Rauha Peace 28 A-KAE-TE Akkaan ettet of Akkad never 29-10 SI TA-ME sie tarnmet ~ou oaks

I-KI RA MI KA Iki rauha miehin 31 Everlasting peace to men laid kaaoin low

32 MESA meiaumln saan our hundred 33 JOLO jo loi now made

puun34 ofwoodPU

Page 8

TE E Akkaat tee ehon

41 MI

suur keihaumlitauml

Elamin Miekkat Miehet keihaumlitaumln

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are lett now Akkad makes fine big spears~

I was left a pair Swords ofElam Menof marry provide mead to drink42 RI TU ME JU riiaa tuoa meenjuoa

43 U-NI Uni I dream of men beloved ofthe sea

44 MI TU-TU TA miehiauml tutut taas

46 47 48 51 52 53 You created 54 new trees 55 there

I wouId me ren sea

58 lihoa miehin the flesh men 59 Taoin I will forge 510 ]0 myselfnow 511-12 urren kuohun a

Iam

Swords

Notes on Translation

References are chapter and verse from translated by Francis Peabody Magoun who adhered closely to the original phrasing without attempting poetry Composed over a period from 1430 to 1420 BC contains 18000 words with meanings and common contractions free of Indo European

scribe wrote in the old style of Proto Elamite which rotated the tablet anti-clockwise rotated same way and then the tablet from top to bottom left to right I have the process

so that the read left to top to bottom

Letter shapes and sound values come from Old European No letter had been rotated more than forty-five degrees

110 A-KA speIls foreign term Akkaat andAkkaan Akkad 112 Elarn may come from Elamme Our life

This phrase is purposely ambiguous Peace with fine Akkad and with Akkad never make Iran remains enemy of Iraq and speaks a different language 43 This sign was too wide to within ruled borders so the scribe rotated i1 For the same reason I have divided the into two 43 and 44

11 ----------------shyME = me K23799 We (Me) are children one mother MI miehet men Kll 8 the young men (miehet) laid low by a sword 12 -------shyJAuml-NY =j(janyt left remained was left (jaanyt) on a

9

Linear Elamite A Susa te le dedication We men are left now NY nyt now K 02303 Now (nyt) make the turfgrow 13 ------shyMI-KO == miekkoa sword who was not whetting his sword (miekkoa) TA taoit youforged K15 yon forged (taoit) before you forged yesterday 14 --------shyE-LA-MI Elamin Elams Elam may come from Our life MI-KA =miekkat swords me aflaming sword (miekka) 15 ---------shyU == urohot men K12256 men (urohot) as old as the earth PU = puhas fair handsome K18597 a handsome (puhas) man was in the stern ofthe vessel 16 ----shy

K04502 it (se) called K03285 began to

NI = nUn K02183 Thns (NUn) on the third time NAuml naumlhin with these K18091 with bow toward these (ntthin) landing places 17-1 8 ------shySU-MI surmia deaths K26l07 There are always deaths (surmia) women

the K26746 the evil spear (keihaumlttstauml) 19- 1 11 -------shyRA = rauha peace K32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the 110-111

akkaan Akkad E ei not K01229 The da not (ei) into the ooze TE-ME teemme we will make K32415 Thus we will make (teemme) everlasting compacts 112 -------shyE-LA-MI MI-KA = Elamin miekkat of see 14

21-22 ------------------------------------shySO-NU sohannut be idle K24l12 be idle (sohannut) in corners 23 --------shyTA taas again (taas) the horse pricks up its ears

E-LA-MI MI-KA Elamin miekkat Swords ofElam see 14 above 25-26 -----shySU-MI = surmia deaths K261 07 There are always deaths (surmia) for women

keihttaumlsttt the K26746 the spear (keihttttsttt) t 27 -------shyRA =rauha Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 28 ---shyA-KA akkaan of Akkad

KI7517 so that you will never (ettet) free

SI = sie you K03120 Yon (Sie) are younger than I TA-ME tammet oaks K29154 oaks (tammet) in the middle farmyards 31 -----------------shyI-KI ones forever

peace (rauha) to the cattle MI = miehin to the men K27 090 the mead measured out to the men (miehin) KA == kaaoin laid low K06218 and laid low (kaaoin) the man ofthe Kaleva Districl

Page 10

meiaumln saan hundred

Linear Elamite A Susa te le dedicati We men are left now K19415 Did our (meiaumln) suns

10 from the 33 ------shyJO now K03082 Now (Jo) on third day LO = loit made created K34061 you created (loit) me God 34 --------shy

ofwood Kl1058 dearth ofwood (puun) dearth of splints

akkaat Akkad TE makes to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows E = ehon fine K14071 into the ear your fine (ehon) mistress 36 ------shySU suur the big (suur ) must be cleaned 37 ----shyKE-TAuml keihaumlitauml spears K28146 sharpening the spears (keihaumlitauml) 38 ---------shyJAuml I was left K34077 When I was little I was left (jaumlin) without a father PA-RI a pair not in of unknown 39 -----------shyE-LA-MI MI-KA Etamin miekkat Swords of see above 41 ------------shy

men (miehet) laid low by a sword the (keihaumlitauml)

RI = riia a marry for rich men to court (riian) to marry TU tuoa provide produce K32225 to provide (tuoa) milk-filled udders ME =me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck JU to drink K25390 plenty to eat plenty to drink (juoa) 43 ------shyU-NI = uni I dream K12057 I do not believe in womens dreams (unia) 44 ------shyMI = miehiauml ofmen 145 What manner ofmen (miehiauml) are you TU-TU = tutut beloved What took away my beJoved (tutut) dwelling

=taas K23423 Again (Taas) sets out from the house 45 -------shyME-RE meren ofthe sea KOl125 on the broad expanse ofthe sea (meren)

JAuml =jaumlaumln I am left K44155 am left (jaumlaumln) quite NY nyt now K04373 Who now (nyt) is to bring the word RI = riian to woo for men to court (riian) to 47 -----shyME me en the mead K27182 the dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 48 ----shyE ehon K14071 into the ear ofyour fine (ehon) mistress A-KA = akkaat Akkad TE = tehauml makes to from tehdauml K02215 for a to

51 --------------------shy

PU

MI ==miehet Kl1218 146

SA-TA = sata a hundred KlllOO a hundred (sata) men

11

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are left now KA =kaaoin laid low K06218 and laid low (kaaoin) the man ofthe Kaleva Distriet 52 --------shyE-LA-MI MI-KA =Elamin Miekkat Swords of Elam see above 53 -------shyTE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads LO = loil created K34061 as you created (loU) me God 54 -----shyU = uuet new Kl1395 set up new (uuet) walls PU = puut trees K02033 Trees (puut) began to tower aloft 55 -----shySI-TAuml = sieltauml there K05097 From there (Sieltauml) it said these words 56 ------shySA-SI = saisin I would could K29367 I could (saisin) even get a hundred women TA = taoa forge from takoa K18226 forge (tao) pretty rings 57 -------shyME-RE =meren of-from the sea K04365 as the fish ofthe sea (meren) 58 ------shyLI = lihoa flesh K36333 I eat the flesh (lihoa) ofan innocent person MI = miehin ofmen to men K27090 the mead measured out to the men (miehin) 59 ----shyTA = taoin I forged K15199 you forged (taoil) before you forged yesterday 510-----shyI-SE = itse myself K03057 I mys elf (itse) will sing down my riYal singers JO =jo now K03 082 Now (Jo) on the third day 511 - 512 --shyPU-RE = purren a vessel K18592 a new vessel (purren) sailing along KU =kuohun offoam K40042 boulders on the crest ofthe foam (kuohun)

Page 12

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftl now mead

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

has a meticulous inscription called Q that circles the rim from left to It was war to advise her sister the goddess of victory about preparations

wedding to Sargon Akkad20 Both sisters appear in long heavy dresses from the Baltie cut in a popular in Middle Fox trim points to their origin as Estonia was the fox

Translation

Finnish 11 Kepeauml nyt me00 mehumme rauhoan Mie houmlhlauml Ehkauml kaumlyn metsaumln aho 21 Rehu loumlihen tehauml te rehu uuen meen haumlaumlvaumlOO lihat 31 Sarkan Jaumlauml teho Kaumlyn rome rehu [ja] 41 riiaa puheet mttl 51 Koo nyt en karkas Loumlihen tein lyhyt reissu 61 uuen puu jaumlihaumln te joua 71 Sumer riian-mies uuen puu teen 81 Riian te joua te taumlhaumln ja uuet niiet ei rouhi

91 Rauha meriauml hauan

English 11 now oUf elixir Did I act Perhaps I will visit forest 21 Food 1 started to make you some food new honey from the wedding people pieces of meat I am setting out 31 the to court I go fetch at dawn food made by the wedding [and] 41 the middotrbullurnrn father for oUf rltgtrtIrt

the family now I am not I started I did a brief trip lieft you time Sarg on champion of foolish mead

81 To court man r~n a new gown I am making I r~r1 you [gobiet] and new heddles not smashed by a sword At blaze of dawn we shall go 91 Peace sea

Translation Highlig

attempt at translation came from who as a distinet syllable laquoHelp mistress help I kuri-Nahiti am the drink-sacrifice-donor for the Bringing reward and U5

divine mistress appear May everlasting benevolence allotted to the temple servants Help The receptacle ofthe bequeather near to heaven holy thou to as a chosen one day to day21

But most are compound letters buHt from Old EUfopean To translate and use known of Old European

Surprisingly this inscription uses different letters for 0 and Ouml

19 Elam lt Elaumlmme Our life 20 Akkad lt Akka etehon Woman in front

Page 13

21

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Line l1 of the inscription calls the cup a courtship flagon for drinking the mead of peace The Elamite word for flagon was sarkan alluding to Sargon of Akkad who would later unify Akkad Sumer and Elam 22 He was courting Narunte a marriage to unify two realrns

In Line 17 Kiririsa says she may visit the forest clearing which refers to the temple atop the highest mound of Susa Inscription A ofLinear Elamite likens the felling oftrees to make this clearing to the fallen soldiers of Elam Thus Kiririsa resided in Susa the capital of Elam

In Line 31 Kiririsa urges her sister Narunte You have the heart to court Sarkan In line 53 Kiririsa says she also had the heart to court Sargon but now has relinquished hirn to her sister

Sargon of Akkad would reign for 56 years and die at 85 His Akkadian epithet Sharru(m)-kin meant True King but his Elarnite name Sarkan meant flagon goblet He and his only wife had five children Rimush who reigned 9 years Manishtu who reigned 15 years father of Naram-sin who reigned 56 years Ibarum Abaish-takal and lastly Enheduanna

Enheduanna high priestess of Sin at Ur was a gifted poet who composed much ofthe surviving literature and poetry of Sumer Like Narunte Enheduanna must have been an imposing woman Her Elamite name Ennet tuhanne meant a thousand omens

Before this translation little was known of Sargons wife Narunte In a dedicatory inscription the wife of Sargon was called Tashlultum a derogatory Akkadian epithet meaning I took her as spoil clearly not the case23 According to legend Sargon slept with the wife of Lugalzaggesi and then took her as his concubine If so it must have been after the death ofNarunte as northem wives suffered no rivals

For forty years after the marriage Elam prospered in peace as part of Sargons empire Then something changed and four kings revolted against their Akkadian overlords Perhaps Narunte died breaking the blood bond between Elam and Akkad

12 Hinz Walther 1975 Irrefutable proof ofthe authenticity ofthe silver goblet is afforded by the one-line inscription in Linear E1amite under the rim on top No faker could have invented this beautiful inscription - not even myself for that matter since the vase shows in perfect shape a sign which I formerly had misread in inscription D In 1962 I had taken this sign to be a somewhat biotted Rl but on the silver goblet it is now clearly recognizable as a rising sun with six rays to be read perhaps as nahiti sun 23 The Finnish meaning is no better taas 1uulit uoma again you think of bed Page 14

Linear Elamite Q 5ilver Cup of Elam 5wiftly now mead Image and Transcription

Figure 8 Inscription Qon the Silver Cup from Elam Verticallines divide Ion hrases Archaeolo ical Museum 0 Iran Drawn b Hinz

~ltgt~ ~tw~ 1I11 t ~ 0 rrrrmO ~~ I~ 04 ~wltl~ 117 ~tllaquo~o9M~ evI1l1ct1~o I ~

Page 15

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Line Letter Position No 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8

1 O~ t0 2 1 I l ~ 3 I (J rrmn 0 t ~ 4 ~ ) 4

l ~~---___

5 ~ w t ~~ 6 1 7 ~ t 7 ~~( 0 9~ lt$ 8 9 7 Itl 1 ~ 0 9 I )f

~

~==+~~~==+-

Page 16

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite A Susa temple dedication We men are left now KA =kaaoin laid low K06218 and laid low (kaaoin) the man ofthe Kaleva Distriet 52 --------shyE-LA-MI MI-KA =Elamin Miekkat Swords of Elam see above 53 -------shyTE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads LO = loil created K34061 as you created (loU) me God 54 -----shyU = uuet new Kl1395 set up new (uuet) walls PU = puut trees K02033 Trees (puut) began to tower aloft 55 -----shySI-TAuml = sieltauml there K05097 From there (Sieltauml) it said these words 56 ------shySA-SI = saisin I would could K29367 I could (saisin) even get a hundred women TA = taoa forge from takoa K18226 forge (tao) pretty rings 57 -------shyME-RE =meren of-from the sea K04365 as the fish ofthe sea (meren) 58 ------shyLI = lihoa flesh K36333 I eat the flesh (lihoa) ofan innocent person MI = miehin ofmen to men K27090 the mead measured out to the men (miehin) 59 ----shyTA = taoin I forged K15199 you forged (taoil) before you forged yesterday 510-----shyI-SE = itse myself K03057 I mys elf (itse) will sing down my riYal singers JO =jo now K03 082 Now (Jo) on the third day 511 - 512 --shyPU-RE = purren a vessel K18592 a new vessel (purren) sailing along KU =kuohun offoam K40042 boulders on the crest ofthe foam (kuohun)

Page 12

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftl now mead

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

has a meticulous inscription called Q that circles the rim from left to It was war to advise her sister the goddess of victory about preparations

wedding to Sargon Akkad20 Both sisters appear in long heavy dresses from the Baltie cut in a popular in Middle Fox trim points to their origin as Estonia was the fox

Translation

Finnish 11 Kepeauml nyt me00 mehumme rauhoan Mie houmlhlauml Ehkauml kaumlyn metsaumln aho 21 Rehu loumlihen tehauml te rehu uuen meen haumlaumlvaumlOO lihat 31 Sarkan Jaumlauml teho Kaumlyn rome rehu [ja] 41 riiaa puheet mttl 51 Koo nyt en karkas Loumlihen tein lyhyt reissu 61 uuen puu jaumlihaumln te joua 71 Sumer riian-mies uuen puu teen 81 Riian te joua te taumlhaumln ja uuet niiet ei rouhi

91 Rauha meriauml hauan

English 11 now oUf elixir Did I act Perhaps I will visit forest 21 Food 1 started to make you some food new honey from the wedding people pieces of meat I am setting out 31 the to court I go fetch at dawn food made by the wedding [and] 41 the middotrbullurnrn father for oUf rltgtrtIrt

the family now I am not I started I did a brief trip lieft you time Sarg on champion of foolish mead

81 To court man r~n a new gown I am making I r~r1 you [gobiet] and new heddles not smashed by a sword At blaze of dawn we shall go 91 Peace sea

Translation Highlig

attempt at translation came from who as a distinet syllable laquoHelp mistress help I kuri-Nahiti am the drink-sacrifice-donor for the Bringing reward and U5

divine mistress appear May everlasting benevolence allotted to the temple servants Help The receptacle ofthe bequeather near to heaven holy thou to as a chosen one day to day21

But most are compound letters buHt from Old EUfopean To translate and use known of Old European

Surprisingly this inscription uses different letters for 0 and Ouml

19 Elam lt Elaumlmme Our life 20 Akkad lt Akka etehon Woman in front

Page 13

21

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Line l1 of the inscription calls the cup a courtship flagon for drinking the mead of peace The Elamite word for flagon was sarkan alluding to Sargon of Akkad who would later unify Akkad Sumer and Elam 22 He was courting Narunte a marriage to unify two realrns

In Line 17 Kiririsa says she may visit the forest clearing which refers to the temple atop the highest mound of Susa Inscription A ofLinear Elamite likens the felling oftrees to make this clearing to the fallen soldiers of Elam Thus Kiririsa resided in Susa the capital of Elam

In Line 31 Kiririsa urges her sister Narunte You have the heart to court Sarkan In line 53 Kiririsa says she also had the heart to court Sargon but now has relinquished hirn to her sister

Sargon of Akkad would reign for 56 years and die at 85 His Akkadian epithet Sharru(m)-kin meant True King but his Elarnite name Sarkan meant flagon goblet He and his only wife had five children Rimush who reigned 9 years Manishtu who reigned 15 years father of Naram-sin who reigned 56 years Ibarum Abaish-takal and lastly Enheduanna

Enheduanna high priestess of Sin at Ur was a gifted poet who composed much ofthe surviving literature and poetry of Sumer Like Narunte Enheduanna must have been an imposing woman Her Elamite name Ennet tuhanne meant a thousand omens

Before this translation little was known of Sargons wife Narunte In a dedicatory inscription the wife of Sargon was called Tashlultum a derogatory Akkadian epithet meaning I took her as spoil clearly not the case23 According to legend Sargon slept with the wife of Lugalzaggesi and then took her as his concubine If so it must have been after the death ofNarunte as northem wives suffered no rivals

For forty years after the marriage Elam prospered in peace as part of Sargons empire Then something changed and four kings revolted against their Akkadian overlords Perhaps Narunte died breaking the blood bond between Elam and Akkad

12 Hinz Walther 1975 Irrefutable proof ofthe authenticity ofthe silver goblet is afforded by the one-line inscription in Linear E1amite under the rim on top No faker could have invented this beautiful inscription - not even myself for that matter since the vase shows in perfect shape a sign which I formerly had misread in inscription D In 1962 I had taken this sign to be a somewhat biotted Rl but on the silver goblet it is now clearly recognizable as a rising sun with six rays to be read perhaps as nahiti sun 23 The Finnish meaning is no better taas 1uulit uoma again you think of bed Page 14

Linear Elamite Q 5ilver Cup of Elam 5wiftly now mead Image and Transcription

Figure 8 Inscription Qon the Silver Cup from Elam Verticallines divide Ion hrases Archaeolo ical Museum 0 Iran Drawn b Hinz

~ltgt~ ~tw~ 1I11 t ~ 0 rrrrmO ~~ I~ 04 ~wltl~ 117 ~tllaquo~o9M~ evI1l1ct1~o I ~

Page 15

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Line Letter Position No 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8

1 O~ t0 2 1 I l ~ 3 I (J rrmn 0 t ~ 4 ~ ) 4

l ~~---___

5 ~ w t ~~ 6 1 7 ~ t 7 ~~( 0 9~ lt$ 8 9 7 Itl 1 ~ 0 9 I )f

~

~==+~~~==+-

Page 16

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftl now mead

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

has a meticulous inscription called Q that circles the rim from left to It was war to advise her sister the goddess of victory about preparations

wedding to Sargon Akkad20 Both sisters appear in long heavy dresses from the Baltie cut in a popular in Middle Fox trim points to their origin as Estonia was the fox

Translation

Finnish 11 Kepeauml nyt me00 mehumme rauhoan Mie houmlhlauml Ehkauml kaumlyn metsaumln aho 21 Rehu loumlihen tehauml te rehu uuen meen haumlaumlvaumlOO lihat 31 Sarkan Jaumlauml teho Kaumlyn rome rehu [ja] 41 riiaa puheet mttl 51 Koo nyt en karkas Loumlihen tein lyhyt reissu 61 uuen puu jaumlihaumln te joua 71 Sumer riian-mies uuen puu teen 81 Riian te joua te taumlhaumln ja uuet niiet ei rouhi

91 Rauha meriauml hauan

English 11 now oUf elixir Did I act Perhaps I will visit forest 21 Food 1 started to make you some food new honey from the wedding people pieces of meat I am setting out 31 the to court I go fetch at dawn food made by the wedding [and] 41 the middotrbullurnrn father for oUf rltgtrtIrt

the family now I am not I started I did a brief trip lieft you time Sarg on champion of foolish mead

81 To court man r~n a new gown I am making I r~r1 you [gobiet] and new heddles not smashed by a sword At blaze of dawn we shall go 91 Peace sea

Translation Highlig

attempt at translation came from who as a distinet syllable laquoHelp mistress help I kuri-Nahiti am the drink-sacrifice-donor for the Bringing reward and U5

divine mistress appear May everlasting benevolence allotted to the temple servants Help The receptacle ofthe bequeather near to heaven holy thou to as a chosen one day to day21

But most are compound letters buHt from Old EUfopean To translate and use known of Old European

Surprisingly this inscription uses different letters for 0 and Ouml

19 Elam lt Elaumlmme Our life 20 Akkad lt Akka etehon Woman in front

Page 13

21

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Line l1 of the inscription calls the cup a courtship flagon for drinking the mead of peace The Elamite word for flagon was sarkan alluding to Sargon of Akkad who would later unify Akkad Sumer and Elam 22 He was courting Narunte a marriage to unify two realrns

In Line 17 Kiririsa says she may visit the forest clearing which refers to the temple atop the highest mound of Susa Inscription A ofLinear Elamite likens the felling oftrees to make this clearing to the fallen soldiers of Elam Thus Kiririsa resided in Susa the capital of Elam

In Line 31 Kiririsa urges her sister Narunte You have the heart to court Sarkan In line 53 Kiririsa says she also had the heart to court Sargon but now has relinquished hirn to her sister

Sargon of Akkad would reign for 56 years and die at 85 His Akkadian epithet Sharru(m)-kin meant True King but his Elarnite name Sarkan meant flagon goblet He and his only wife had five children Rimush who reigned 9 years Manishtu who reigned 15 years father of Naram-sin who reigned 56 years Ibarum Abaish-takal and lastly Enheduanna

Enheduanna high priestess of Sin at Ur was a gifted poet who composed much ofthe surviving literature and poetry of Sumer Like Narunte Enheduanna must have been an imposing woman Her Elamite name Ennet tuhanne meant a thousand omens

Before this translation little was known of Sargons wife Narunte In a dedicatory inscription the wife of Sargon was called Tashlultum a derogatory Akkadian epithet meaning I took her as spoil clearly not the case23 According to legend Sargon slept with the wife of Lugalzaggesi and then took her as his concubine If so it must have been after the death ofNarunte as northem wives suffered no rivals

For forty years after the marriage Elam prospered in peace as part of Sargons empire Then something changed and four kings revolted against their Akkadian overlords Perhaps Narunte died breaking the blood bond between Elam and Akkad

12 Hinz Walther 1975 Irrefutable proof ofthe authenticity ofthe silver goblet is afforded by the one-line inscription in Linear E1amite under the rim on top No faker could have invented this beautiful inscription - not even myself for that matter since the vase shows in perfect shape a sign which I formerly had misread in inscription D In 1962 I had taken this sign to be a somewhat biotted Rl but on the silver goblet it is now clearly recognizable as a rising sun with six rays to be read perhaps as nahiti sun 23 The Finnish meaning is no better taas 1uulit uoma again you think of bed Page 14

Linear Elamite Q 5ilver Cup of Elam 5wiftly now mead Image and Transcription

Figure 8 Inscription Qon the Silver Cup from Elam Verticallines divide Ion hrases Archaeolo ical Museum 0 Iran Drawn b Hinz

~ltgt~ ~tw~ 1I11 t ~ 0 rrrrmO ~~ I~ 04 ~wltl~ 117 ~tllaquo~o9M~ evI1l1ct1~o I ~

Page 15

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Line Letter Position No 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8

1 O~ t0 2 1 I l ~ 3 I (J rrmn 0 t ~ 4 ~ ) 4

l ~~---___

5 ~ w t ~~ 6 1 7 ~ t 7 ~~( 0 9~ lt$ 8 9 7 Itl 1 ~ 0 9 I )f

~

~==+~~~==+-

Page 16

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Line l1 of the inscription calls the cup a courtship flagon for drinking the mead of peace The Elamite word for flagon was sarkan alluding to Sargon of Akkad who would later unify Akkad Sumer and Elam 22 He was courting Narunte a marriage to unify two realrns

In Line 17 Kiririsa says she may visit the forest clearing which refers to the temple atop the highest mound of Susa Inscription A ofLinear Elamite likens the felling oftrees to make this clearing to the fallen soldiers of Elam Thus Kiririsa resided in Susa the capital of Elam

In Line 31 Kiririsa urges her sister Narunte You have the heart to court Sarkan In line 53 Kiririsa says she also had the heart to court Sargon but now has relinquished hirn to her sister

Sargon of Akkad would reign for 56 years and die at 85 His Akkadian epithet Sharru(m)-kin meant True King but his Elarnite name Sarkan meant flagon goblet He and his only wife had five children Rimush who reigned 9 years Manishtu who reigned 15 years father of Naram-sin who reigned 56 years Ibarum Abaish-takal and lastly Enheduanna

Enheduanna high priestess of Sin at Ur was a gifted poet who composed much ofthe surviving literature and poetry of Sumer Like Narunte Enheduanna must have been an imposing woman Her Elamite name Ennet tuhanne meant a thousand omens

Before this translation little was known of Sargons wife Narunte In a dedicatory inscription the wife of Sargon was called Tashlultum a derogatory Akkadian epithet meaning I took her as spoil clearly not the case23 According to legend Sargon slept with the wife of Lugalzaggesi and then took her as his concubine If so it must have been after the death ofNarunte as northem wives suffered no rivals

For forty years after the marriage Elam prospered in peace as part of Sargons empire Then something changed and four kings revolted against their Akkadian overlords Perhaps Narunte died breaking the blood bond between Elam and Akkad

12 Hinz Walther 1975 Irrefutable proof ofthe authenticity ofthe silver goblet is afforded by the one-line inscription in Linear E1amite under the rim on top No faker could have invented this beautiful inscription - not even myself for that matter since the vase shows in perfect shape a sign which I formerly had misread in inscription D In 1962 I had taken this sign to be a somewhat biotted Rl but on the silver goblet it is now clearly recognizable as a rising sun with six rays to be read perhaps as nahiti sun 23 The Finnish meaning is no better taas 1uulit uoma again you think of bed Page 14

Linear Elamite Q 5ilver Cup of Elam 5wiftly now mead Image and Transcription

Figure 8 Inscription Qon the Silver Cup from Elam Verticallines divide Ion hrases Archaeolo ical Museum 0 Iran Drawn b Hinz

~ltgt~ ~tw~ 1I11 t ~ 0 rrrrmO ~~ I~ 04 ~wltl~ 117 ~tllaquo~o9M~ evI1l1ct1~o I ~

Page 15

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Line Letter Position No 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8

1 O~ t0 2 1 I l ~ 3 I (J rrmn 0 t ~ 4 ~ ) 4

l ~~---___

5 ~ w t ~~ 6 1 7 ~ t 7 ~~( 0 9~ lt$ 8 9 7 Itl 1 ~ 0 9 I )f

~

~==+~~~==+-

Page 16

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q 5ilver Cup of Elam 5wiftly now mead Image and Transcription

Figure 8 Inscription Qon the Silver Cup from Elam Verticallines divide Ion hrases Archaeolo ical Museum 0 Iran Drawn b Hinz

~ltgt~ ~tw~ 1I11 t ~ 0 rrrrmO ~~ I~ 04 ~wltl~ 117 ~tllaquo~o9M~ evI1l1ct1~o I ~

Page 15

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Line Letter Position No 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8

1 O~ t0 2 1 I l ~ 3 I (J rrmn 0 t ~ 4 ~ ) 4

l ~~---___

5 ~ w t ~~ 6 1 7 ~ t 7 ~~( 0 9~ lt$ 8 9 7 Itl 1 ~ 0 9 I )f

~

~==+~~~==+-

Page 16

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Line Letter Position No 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8

1 O~ t0 2 1 I l ~ 3 I (J rrmn 0 t ~ 4 ~ ) 4

l ~~---___

5 ~ w t ~~ 6 1 7 ~ t 7 ~~( 0 9~ lt$ 8 9 7 Itl 1 ~ 0 9 I )f

~

~==+~~~==+-

Page 16

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Siver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Fi om Elam

Letter Position Line No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

MI

1HO A e I n KE o JV o lt gtlt

_ LAJ ME E RA KA KA ME APE NY ME SA

i 111 + x-I2 RE HA vA U LATE LOuml

A RI KA Y bullbullbull REln1 JAoSA Ra 1 O t UlTEv KA 111 TE

RA ME HA vA

A RI

- l i PO 7 ME ~SA

n KE I 1II + laquo I

TE LO LV REPEJ NY

fflf JA

111 TEU PU JO

o A RI 7 - 0 SA

URHOsu ME v lltA

E l ROA RI t- bullbullbull RE 1 RO V KA

8 MI - 0 SA 7 11I MI Ot v KA upu TE LOuml TE

JA NI V KA Me

I

RA

Page 17

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Inscription Photographs

Fi re 11 Photos 0 on the Siver Cu rom Elam

loscriplion Q in Linear Elamile on Ihe silver vase of Plale I (CUD~JY ()I~ AldrarolojctM MtI~~lm oj TMrgn)

Page 18

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead

Translation Detail

Table 3 Translation oiJhe Siver Cu12lom Elam Sign Linear Elarnite Finnish EnAlish 11 KE-PENY Kepeaumlnyt Swiftly now 12 ME meen mead 13 ME-ME mehumme OUT elixir 14 RA rauhoan ofpeace l5 MI TE-KO Mie teinko Did I act l6 HOuml-LAuml houmlhlauml foolish 17 E-KAumlKAuml Ehkaumlkaumlyn Perhaps I will visit l8 ME-SAumlA metsaumln aho the forest clearing 21 RE Rehu Food 22 LOumlTE loumlihen tehauml I started to make 23 TE RE te rehu you some food 24 UME uuen meen newhoney 25 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen from the wedding people 26 LILAuml lihat laumlhen J~ieces of meat I am settinampout 31 RA Raahi Have the heart 32 RI SA-KA riian Sarkan to court Sargon 33 JAuml TE Jaumlauml teho Farewell to power 34 KAumlRO-ME Kaumlyn rome I will go fetch at dawn 35 RE TE rehu tehauml food made 36 HAuml-VAuml haumlaumlvaumlen [ja] by the wedding peogle Landl 41 42 43

RI PU I-SAuml ME RI-TI

riiaa-puheet isauml meiaumln riitti

the marry-words father for OUf

ceremoflY 51 KEPENY Ken peen nyt Whomsoever ofthe farnily now 52 EKAuml-KAuml en karkas I am not eager 53 LOumlTE Loihen tein I started I did 54 LYRE lyhyt reissu abrief triQ 61 RA Rauha Iron 62 UPU uuen pu u the new gown 63 JAuml TE jaumlihaumln te lIeft you 64 JO joua time 71-2 SU-ME Srnner Srnner 73 RI MI SA-KA riian mies Sarkan courting man Sargon 74 URHO urho champion 75 HOuml-LAumlME houmlhlauml meen foolish mead 81 RI MI SA-KA Riiaa mies Sarkan To court the man Sargon 82 UPU uuen puu anew govm 83 TELO teen Loin I am making I created 84 TETAuml te taumlhaumln [sarkka] you this [gobiet] 85 JA UNI ja uuet niiet and new heddles 86 EROMI-KA ei rouhi miekan not smashed by a sword 87 I ROKAuml-ME Roihu kauml-ymme At the blaze of dawn we shallgo 91 92

RA ME-RIHA

Rauha meriaumln hauan

Peace of the deep sea

Page 19

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Linear Elamite Q Silver Cup of Elam Swiftly now mead Notes on Translation

The text reads from left to right top to bottom with no reversed images The text begins and ends on either side of the head of the standing woman to whom it is addressed The scribe employed vertical lines for phrase di viders

13 A forest clearing is the subject of Elamite Inscription A a dedication of atempie to the fallen soldiers ofElam in a forest clearing of Susa This temple or acropolis crowned the highest hilI 21 Dots tend to modify the letter 31 Normally a vertical line would be RA but now used as a phrase divider Therefore RA must have a different form A letter almost like RA has two short verticallines one above the other assign this to RA 41 Sign 41 has several possibilities but the rest make no sense The photo ofthe sign (Figure 11) differs slightly from the drawing of the sign (Figure 10) 61 The verb rouha to iron is he same as the nom rouha iron just as in English 74 URHO champion hero represents an olive branch symbol of athletic victory 92 The scribe placed a dot on HO to change the vowel to HA

11 --------------------------shyKE-PE =kepeauml swift lively spry K03378 one is swift (kepeauml) in arace NY = nyt now K09269 Now (nyt) 1 know the origin ofiron ME = me en mead K27182 the dark mead (me en) to his own good luck ME-ME =mehumme our elixir K20500 the elixir (mehu) ofman ready to drink RA = rauhoan ofpeace K32489 Grant peace (rauhoa) to the cattle 15 ------shyMI = mie I K02139 I (mie) am this sort of a man TE-KO = tein I acted made K33231 I wretched herds man acted (tein) badly

-ko = question clitic applied as a suffix to the first verb HOuml-LAuml = houmlhlauml foolish not in K 17 --------shyE-KAuml = ehkauml perhaps K15293 Perhaps (ehkauml) he might become a cod KAuml =kaumlyn I will visit K23431 visit (kaumly) the neighboring farm after asking leave ME-SAuml = metsaumln forests ofthe forest KI4072 charming mistress ofthe forest (metsaumln) A = aho clearing K36308 the loveliest clearing (aho) lamenting 21 ---------------------shyRE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly LOuml = loumlihen I started from aloittaa K37 064 he himself started (l6ihe) to work the bellows TE = tehauml to make from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehauml) his arrows TE = te you K40266 0 you (te) half-witted lads RE = rehu some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly 24 --------shyU = uuen ofnew K15081 I will smash the door ofthe new (uuen) threshing bam ME =meen honey K09423 from plants which let honey (meen) flow onto the ground HAuml- = haumlauml- wedding K27088 the wedding (Maumlt) drunk out the feast over VAuml = vaumlen of-from people K25662 the comeliness ofthe young people (vaumlen) 25 ---------shyLI = lihat pieces of meat K46302 he put pieces of the meat (lihat) in a cauldron LAuml = laumlhen I am setting out K13063 I am setting out (Iaumlhen) to ski down an elk 31 ------------------------------shyRA = raahi have the heart K24207 youjust do not bave the heart (raahi) to whip your poor girl RI = riian to court from riiata K37227 for rich men to court (riian) to marry

Page 20

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

flagon mug goblet a will get a better flagon now mead

33 ----------shylt1 am K44155 I am left quite to make K02215 for a wizard to make (tehti)

I sword

RE some food from ruoka K26028 set out some food (ruoka) quickly TE it made from tehdauml K02215 for a to make (tehti) his arrows

K27088 the wedding (htitit) drunk over VAuml vtien ofthe people K25661 tbe splendidness ofthe old people (vtien)

41 ---------------------------shyriiata K37227 for rich men to court to marry

I

K50260 1 am asking for our (metin) ~~___

water

Whoever not 11 K 24205 The family

(ken)

Now (nyt) 1 know tbe

eager K42125 quick (kaumlrkaumls) even ifnot ordered

from aloittaa K37064 he hirnself started (loumlthe) to work tbe bellows to do from tehdauml K02215 for a wizard to make (tehtt) his arrows

reessauml in the sleigh K03108 to bits K46401 with short (lyhyt)

K08224 a healer of a wound inflicted by iron

new (uuen) vesse sailing

K36287 lieft (jtUhttn) the dog Blaekie are you (te) going men

I have no time (joua) my dear master

K37227 for rieh men to court

words speech K23638 words (puheet) K36065 His father (iSti)

RI-TI riitti K48320 sprinkle

51 ---------------------------

E = en I am not K07307 I am not (En) asking for your KAuml-KAuml 53 --------LOuml laumlthen I TE

RE reissu lyhyt

61 --------------------RA =rauha

JO time

SU-ME = Sumer not in K 73 -------

not in

159

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

linear mite of Elam Swiftl now mead MI mies man K12165 heing the man (mies) I am SA-KA = Sarkan flagon stein Sargon of Akkad

URHO Urho hero champion uro man HA man (uro) is not likely to attention to

75 -----shy -L = houmlhlii foolish not in K ME meen 182 dark mead (meen) to his own good luck 81 -------------------shy

= rUan to court from riiata 1lt37227 for rich men to court (rUan) to marry MI mies K12165 But being the man (mies) 1 SA-KA =Sarkan flagon goble K28080 a (sarkan) 82 -----shyU = uuen a new Kl a new (uuen) vessel sailing along PU u gown from puki dress suit put on battle dress (puki) 83 ----shy

feen I am making 1 K1 LO Zoin I created 1lt34063 you created (loft) me as if 84 -------shyTE = te you 159 Where are you (te) men

= tahiin this when you come to this (tiihiin) farm

JA 1 uttered this and (ja) said U uuet new K11 new (uuet) doors on the thresholds NI niiet K080l3 heddles (nifet) rattled 86 ------shyE = ei not no the Kaleva oats not (ei) RO rouhi smashed crushed K35063 you smashed (rouhit) the net floats to rubbish MI-KA = miekan by a sword Kll 8 young men laid low by a sword (miekan) 87 -------shyRO =roihu blaze of 1lt31158 kindled a blazing pile ofwood KAuml-ME kaumlymmewe go 1lt39153 ShaU we now (kaumlymme)

91 ---------------------shyRA = rauha peace 1lt32371 Grant peace (rauha) to the cattle 92 ------shyME-ru = 8054 along shore ofthe sea (meriti) HA=hauan

merlaumln pike knew deep (hauan) places

I will make (Teen) a friendly

22

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Elamite Names

Elarnite Narnes

King Names from Avan Dynasty (2500-2240 BC)

Names ofElamite Kings from the Avan Dynasty make sense when read in Finnish4

Peh or PieH 2500 lt Piele pillar

Tata or Tari lt table beer

Ukku-Tahishlt Ukko god on high + uutta hiisi new demon

L- lt Kyysuur serpent

Shushun-Taranalt Suu suun mouth ofthe clan + Taa raanna this shore

Napil-Khush lt Anna pmi Grant pipe + kuus moon descendant

+ + temmottti vill pul

Lukh-Ishshan (c 2350 lt Lukki isaumlni watchdog tgtr

Hishep-ratep lt hiisi hepo demon + orat hepo sprouts horse

Khelu (c2300 lt Kellu beH

Khita or Hita (c 2275 lt Kiittaumlauml or Hiittauml demon

Kutik-Inshushinnak (c 2240 BCE) lt Kuut iki moon everlasting + Hiien susin ak demon wolfs

Puzur (epithet of Kutik) lt Puu surri

Elamite Proper Names

Proper names ofElam from 2200-2000 BC sense when read in Finnish

Elamlt Elaumlmme Our life

Khum-baba lt Kumma vahva Remarkably strong

Kehrauml iSauml father (in heaven) Sundisk

Kutik lt Kuutiki Moon

Narunte lt Naurunte Laughter maker

Susalt Suussa the

lt anna hero champion

Page 23

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Tallinn Owners Mark Our flour hall

Tallinn Owners Mark tOur flour haU

In the Old Town Tallinn at 22 where it intersects Puhavaimu a guild of wealthy merchants constructed an elegant building to trade flout now occupied by a gymnasium (school) High on the front wall visible from far up Puhavaimu IS a large owners mark in Linear

A similar for many confederacy

surrounded each city symbol of the ME can speil me we or meiaumln our

League that monopolized a reasonable expression of g

in the Baltic uild league or

Translation

Lineal Elamite ME JA-LA

Finnish Meiaumlnjauhola

English Our flour hall

Image and Transcription

Fi

Notes on Translation

are identical to those of 2300 to Be at a time when Elam contested for power with its neighbor Sumer in Iraq inscriptions which imphes that only the elite could read and Two long inscriptions reveal humor pathos and poetry characteristic of

education After Akkadian replaced number of inscriptions increased orders of as now the entire population had access to In own language

costly EIamite silver goblet accurately depicts two women dressed in long warm elegant gowns in The thickness and warmth of the gowns seems totally out of place for Elam much

more suited to a cold region like the Baltic Since ofTallinn wrote vith the same alphabet these two ruling women may have come from a royal house in Estonia

The two women may have been ofthe same generation as the Titans the children ofUranus and Gaia who Sumer to Portugal in 2294 to the of drought The

remained in the Baltic but may have retumed to Sumer and

Page 24

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

Utzi Dorf Owners Mark Our oak will fit

At theme park at Umhausen in the Utztal west of Innsbruek the

MA

pecked into stone an inseription found somewhere in the Tyrolean Alps The alphabet is Linear made from

small horizontal eireles is unique to Linear Elarnite while the bumps at the end and are typical flourishes

the lee Man was a smith who died at low elevation in 4000 from an arrow in the back that severed an artery His friends ehased away the killer and carned his body and belongings to a high ridge on the boundary between Austria and ltaly where they laid him to rest on a flat rock Just then the weather ehanged and he lay buried snow and iee for 6000 years discovered 1991 A theme park at Umhausen a wide buildings crops costumes and movies to illustrate life in the Alps at that time

Translation

Elamite ME TA-ME MA TE SE

Finnish Meian tammea mahu tein sen

English Our oak will fit I worked

Image and Transcription

Fi re J3 Utzi Dor tion and transcri tion

COPY of inscription Otzi Dorf Umhausen Austria

000

TA ME

111

ME

Notes on nslation ME meian our our (meian) bird TA-ME = tammea K16010 to try to an oak (tammea) MA mahu it will fit K21127 The son-in-Iaw will not fit (mahu) into house TE fein 1 worked I worked (tein) in working hours SE = sen K05057 He pulled it (sen) into his boat

You are invited to contact Harns about or any other inscriptions at PO Box 60281 Palo Alto 94306 StuartHarris -at- sbcglobalnet 650-888-1859